CN108213449A - A kind of device for preparing matrix powder material - Google Patents
A kind of device for preparing matrix powder material Download PDFInfo
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- CN108213449A CN108213449A CN201711479969.1A CN201711479969A CN108213449A CN 108213449 A CN108213449 A CN 108213449A CN 201711479969 A CN201711479969 A CN 201711479969A CN 108213449 A CN108213449 A CN 108213449A
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Abstract
Matrix powder material apparatus is prepared this application discloses a kind of, which is characterized in that is included at least：Vacuum chamber, top are equipped with feed compartment；Magnetic levitation melting stove, is arranged in vacuum chamber；Spray chamber is arranged below vacuum chamber and is integrally connected；Powder collector unit, including the powder collection chamber being set to below spray chamber.During work, after magnetic levitation melting stove passes to high frequency alternating current, coil surrounding space will generate high-frequency alternating magnetic field, and high-frequency alternating magnetic field generates inductive loop in furnace charge.Inductive loop makes furnace charge generate suspending power with extraneous alternating magnetic field interaction, suspending power and the dead-weight balanced of material are allowed to suspend, while are vortexed circuit and generate a large amount of heat, and furnace charge is made to melt rapidly, melt is under strong function composite by electromagnetic stirring, slagging-off, degasification, purification.By controlling magnetic field, the melt of purifying is dropped in aerosolization room, under supersonic speed high pressure argon gas atomizer and cooling device effect, melt is atomized into matrix powder.
Description
The application is divisional application, and female case is：A kind of method for preparing matrix powder device and preparing matrix powder, application
Number for 201310290541.8, applying date 2013-07-11.
Technical field
This application involves a kind of devices for preparing matrix powder material, belong to material engineering field.
Background technology
It is well known that metal material has become high added value and high-precision particular with strategic high-melting-point alloy material
The developing direction of the dual-use high-tech product of point, and PM technique and emerging laser 3D printing technology are to confer to
The effective method of high-tech product.It is steady can to obtain ingredient segregation-free, performance with this method for particularly laser 3D printing technology
Fixed, even tissue parts；It economically sees, this method is the technique of a kind of few chip or chipless.Add with tradition forging material
Work technology is compared, and is prepared component and is essentially near-net-shape, stock utilization can almost reach 100%.But these fields pair
The physics of material, chemical property have very high requirement.From laser sintered angle, following requirement is proposed to powder：Granularity
Narrowly distributing；Monodisperse；It is spherical；Special case needs high-purity powder；Its object is to make the Density Distribution of sintered body product uniform,
Mechanical performance and other physical property uniform spatial distributions.Therefore, the purity of starting powder, uniformity and granularity, grain size
Conclusive effect is played to preparing the fully dense premium quality product of fine grain.
From it is laser sintered theoretically, the theoretical hot spot precision of the optical fiber laser of 1064nm wavelength is 1.064 microns, such as
Fruit possesses the powder that grain size is equal to or less than 1064nm, is fully able to produce precision higher, surface matter with 3D printing technique
The product that amount is more preferable, mechanical property is excellent will obtain more applications in the high-end fields such as civilian, military.
Titanium or titanium alloy has many advantages, such as that density is small, specific strength is high, corrosion resistance is strong, good biocompatibility, is a kind of important
Structural material.It is widely used in biology device, aerospace material, automobile making and other value segments.
China possesses the titanium resource in the whole world 60%, wherein 95% is used for producing titanium dioxide, and the yield of Titanium only accounts for world wide production
5%, a branch industry of the titanium valve industry as Ti industry, shared by ratio smaller.This is mainly conventional titanium alloy product
The processing technology period is long, the high rigidity of costly and titanium material in itself to seem extremely tired using conventional method processing
Difficulty seriously constrains the application of titanium alloy.Therefore, high-performance, one that low-cost titanium alloy product develops into titanium alloy are prepared
A critical issue.At present, China is the very flourishing country of powder metallurgy industry, but in titanium valve development and production, deep processing
The more external level disparity of aspect, scale also lags far behind foreign countries very much greatly.Some high-quality matrix powder materials rely primarily on into
Mouthful, it is not only at high price, but also limited by technical barrier.
Since titanium is active metal, powder easily absorbs gas, generally in pulverizing process, powder particle surface or interior
The titanyl compound of any stabilizer pole that portion is formed, all there will be high-quality titaniums in entire processing procedure behind
Powder flour extraction also only has 20-30% or so.Although there are many preparation method of titanium and titanium alloy powder, sent out according to its preparation process
Raw physical-chemical reaction feature is seen, can be classified as three categories：Chemical reaction method, atomization and mechanical crushing method.
Chemical reaction method is only applicable to the preparation of pure titanium valve, and powder obtained is not fine and close or chloride content is higher；Tradition
Inert gas atomizer can not ensure purity, plasma rotating electrode atomization can prepare high cleanliness since there are crucible pollutions
Titanium alloy powder, but both methods prepare powder it is thicker, average grain diameter is generally at 70~200 μm or more.At present, 80%
Titanium metal powder preparation based on atomization；The oxygen content of mechanical crushing method powder is often higher, usually above 0.2%.
The above method is matrix powder powder, preparation method thereof, but these traditional titanium valve technologies of preparing, titanium-based raw material or more
Or can be contacted less with the external world, such as fire proof material of furnace lining, dusty material pollution is caused to aoxidize, and serious, granularity is big, Oxygen potential is low, influences
The utilization of matrix powder material laser 3D printing industry.
At present, the powder by atomization process of matrix powder includes substantially：Raw material refining, purification, solidification, powder by atomization etc..
Raw material refining, purification, solidification are a metallurgical processes, powder by atomization raw material are made, powder by atomization is a powder metallurgy mistake
Journey.Therefore traditional powder-making technique needs to undergo metallurgical process twice, is a kind of highly energy-consuming, poor efficiency, the technique of high cost.
Raw material prepare the purity that result determines powder by atomization powder, and powder by atomization process control and secondary pollution will increase obtained powder
The impurity at end reduces the quality of powder.
At present, crucible atomization has been whether there is in the world and has prepared titanium valve technology, and United States Patent (USP) 5084091 proposes cold-crucible mist
Change prepares titanium valve technology, and this method is acted on by water cooling, cools down the contact surface of titanium-based and crucible, makes forming one layer on contact surface
Titanium film avoids being in direct contact for titanium and crucible, then the problem of avoid obtained powder second pollution to a certain extent, but titanium valve
Purity is ultimately limited by the purity of raw material." inert gas atomizer method Titanium and titanium close for German LeyboId AG and the country
Bronze end " all prepares titanium valve using the sensing atomization of no crucible electrode.Although this method titanium is not contacted with crucible, powder mistake processed is avoided
Crucible pollution in journey, the limited purity of similary titanium valve is in the purity of raw material.Although these methods do not refer to that raw material melt
Change, refining, purification, solidification metallurgical process, but there is no metallurgical process twice in flour mill flow is changed, so as to cause in powder processed
Highly energy-consuming, poor efficiency, high cost problem essence.
Invention content
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of vacuum magnetic suspension melting powder integration skill
Art combines the melting of raw material vacuum magnetic suspension and powder by atomization together, and two metallurgical processes are merged into a continuous smelting
Golden process saves the metallurgical process such as raw material smelting solidification, can solve prior art highly energy-consuming, poor efficiency, high cost are asked
Topic, it is proposed that a kind of to purify alloy and efficiently production good sphericity, Oxygen potential height, high-purity, granularity controllable matrix powder
Vacuum magnetic suspension smelting apparatus and milling method are solved to be highly prone to aoxidize in existing matrix powder preparation process, be polluted, purity
Low problem.
The technology used in the present invention basic scheme is：A kind of device for preparing matrix powder, it is characterised in that：Including true
Empty room 2, the feed compartment 1 being located above vacuum chamber are located at the observation window 4 of vacuum chamber, are located at the cooling water inlet and electricity of vacuum chamber
Import 18 is located at the temperature thermocouple 21 of feed compartment both sides, is located at the indoor magnetic levitation melting stove 3 of vacuum, is located at magnetic suspension and melts
The coupled heat preserving perfusion tube 6 of furnace is located at the spray chamber 8 being connected as a single entity below vacuum chamber with it, is located at heat preserving perfusion tube
The atomizer 6 of end both sides, the level-one gas cooling device 17 being located at below atomizer are located at below level-one gas cooling device
Secondary gas cooling device 16, the powder collection chamber 9 being located at below spray chamber is located at the transmission powder being connected with receiving powder room
Delivery pipe 10 and the receipts powder tank 11 being connected with transmission powder conduit, are located at the parastat 12 received on powder tank, are located at and receive
The vibrating screen 13 that powder tank is connected if anti-quiet device 14 on the vibrating, is located at the activity below vibrating screen and receives powder tank 22.
The cold conditions end vacuum of described device is less than 8 × 10-6Pa, hot end vacuum are less than 6 × 10-5Pa, titanium-based melt
Degree of oxidation extremely slight, oxide impurity is significantly reduced.
Melt suspends in the air in the magnetic levitation melting stove fusion process, is not contacted with crucible；By slagging-off, degasification
Afterwards, slag floats on melt upper end, and titanium-based metal liquid level is in melt lower end after purification；By controlling magnetic field, control high-purity lower end
Melt enters spray chamber, further improves the purity of powder.
The atomizer is equipped with silencing means, effectively reduces industrial noise pollution.
The internal layer stainless steel surface of the spray chamber has done thermostable transparent protection and not viscous processing composite coating.
Invention additionally discloses a kind of methods that titanium-based powder is prepared using aforementioned device, include the following steps：
(1) titanium-based furnace charge is added in vacuum auto feed room；
(2) a whole set of vacuum magnetic suspension melting powder device is vacuumized, vacuum degree is at least up to 6 × 10-4Pa, oxygen content are less than
1ppm；
(3) it will be added to after the titanium-based charge preheating of vacuum charging room in the indoor magnetic levitation melting stove of vacuum, 1500
DEG C~2500 DEG C of progress magnetic levitation meltings；
(4) step (3) acquisition molten titanium molten metal enters spray chamber and carries out being atomized into powder, and powder molten drop is by two-stage
Carry out being cooled to the powder of solidification after gas cooling device；
(5) after powder falls into receipts powder room, powder is transported to by spiral conveying tube and is received in powder tank, later falls into vibrating screen
It is sieved.
Vacuum magnetic suspension melting purification, powder by atomization end and automatic sieving technology are combined together by the present invention, the present invention
Preparation process carries out under conditions of closed, high vacuum, continuous production, therefore the matrix powder purity prepared is high, oxygen content
It is low.Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following effects the technology：
By the device, auto feed, suspension melting refining, powder by atomization can be realized, automatic sieving is fully solved one
As vacuum powder-making technique because furnace charge polluted by crucible the problems such as.Matrix powder is really solved to be contaminated, aoxidize in pulverizing process
The problems such as.
By the device, magnetic levitation melting stove under high-frequency electromagnetic field action, titanium-based melt be suspended in crucible empty fusing,
Slagging-off purifying.On the one hand, melt is avoided to be in direct contact crucible；On the other hand, after slagging-off, degasification, slag is floated on melt
End, the titanium-based metal liquid level of purifying are easy to get high purity titanium based powdered material, purity is in 4N-5N in melt lower end.
By the device system, magnetic levitation melting stove can carry out titanium base material to suspend molten under high-frequency electromagnetic field action
The refractory material that change refines or high-melting-point, chemism are active；
By the device, since molten metal is not in direct contact with crucible in fusion process so that between melt and crucible
Heat transfer is greatly decreased, and the Free Surface of melt expands, and overall melt temperature, can be after melting under temperature, component than more uniform
Evaporation greatly reduces, the even property for keeping alloying component equal.
By the device, for melt under strong function composite by electromagnetic stirring, bath composition is uniform.
By the device, vibrating screen installation static eliminator can not only prevent dust-firing from exploding, can also eliminate powder because quiet
The phenomenon that electrofocusing.
Illustrate the specific embodiment further instruction to the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 prepares matrix powder installation drawing to be a kind of.
Specific embodiment
As shown in drawings, a kind of matrix powder apparatus structure for preparing of the present invention includes：Vacuum auto feed room 1, vacuum chamber
2, magnetic levitation melting stove 3, induction coil 4, heat preserving perfusion tube 6, atomizer 7, spray chamber 8, receipts powder room 9 is driven powder conduit
10, powder tank 11 is received, receives powder tank antistatic mouth 12, vibrating screen 13, vibrating screen antistatic interface 14, spray chamber observation window 15, two level
Gas cooling device 16；Level-one gas cooling device 17, electricity and cooling water inlet 18, crucible water cooling pipeline 19, temperature thermocouple
21, powder tank 22 is received in activity.It is characterized in that：It is a kind of to prepare based powders device and method, it is characterised in that：Vacuum chamber 2 is located at true
Feed compartment 1 above empty room is located at the observation window of vacuum chamber, is located at the cooling water inlet of vacuum chamber and electric import 18, is located at and adds
Expect the temperature thermocouple 21 of room both sides, be located at the indoor magnetic levitation melting stove 3 of vacuum, it is coupled to be located at magnetic levitation melting stove
Heat preserving perfusion tube 6 is located at the spray chamber 8 being connected as a single entity below vacuum chamber with it, is located at the atomization of heat preserving perfusion tube end both sides
Device 6, the level-one gas cooling device 17 being located at below atomizer, the secondary gas cooling being located at below level-one gas cooling device
Device 16, the powder collection chamber 9 being located at below spray chamber, be located at receive transmission powder conduit 10 that powder room is connected and with biography
The receipts powder tank 11 that dynamic powder conduit is connected is located at the parastat 12 received on powder tank, is located at and shakes with what receipts powder tank was connected
Dynamic sieve 13 if parastat 14 on the vibrating, is located at the activity below vibrating screen and receives powder tank 22.
The present invention provides a kind of method for preparing matrix powder, this method includes the following steps：
(1) a whole set of vacuum magnetic suspension melting fuel pulverizing plant is vacuumized, including feed compartment 1, vacuum chamber 2, spray chamber
8th, it receives powder room 9, receive powder tank 11, vibrating screen 13 etc., device vacuum degree is less than in 6 × 10-4MPa, oxygen content are less than 1ppm；Meanwhile
To magnetic levitation melting stove loading power；
(2) it is automatically added in magnetic levitation melting stove 3 after the charge preheating in vacuum charging room 1, the furnace charge can be
Pure titanium, Ti6Al4Deng traditional titanium base material or the novel titanium base material crossed by rational proportion, as TiAlNb, TiSr,
The novel alloys furnace charge such as TiSrZr, TiNbTaZr；
(3) smelting furnace is under powerful high frequency magnetic field effect, and acts on the titanium alloy furnace charge in electromagnetic field, this
Alternating electromagnetic field can generate a high-frequency vortex on titanium-based furnace charge surface, and workpiece is caused to generate magnetic field.The high-frequency vortex of furnace charge
Generating electromagnetic force with magnetic field interaction, to be suspended in smelting furnace aerial, according to formula Q=I2* R*T, workpiece itself start to produce
Heat amount, steep temperature rise melts within the extremely short time；Molten metal bath obtains under strong electromagnetic field and adequately stirs, removes
Slag, degasification so that slag floats on melt upper end, and the metal liquid level of purifying is in melt lower end；
(4) by controlling magnetic field, the molten metal of purifying is made freely to drop to spray chamber 8, is sprayed in supersonic speed high pressure argon gas
Lower 7, it is atomized into surface layer solidification rapidly, internal layer half solidifies the powder of shape, then is cooled down through two-stage argon gas cooling device (16,17), shape
The very high powder of glomeration degree, for granularity between 1-300 μm, oxygen content is less than 1800ppm, the low 300ppm of nitrogen content；It is described
Supersonic speed high pressure argon gas pressure controllable.
(5) it is atomized molding powder to fall into receipts powder room 9, powder is transmitted to by dispatch tube and is received in powder tank 12, it is described
Dispatch tube ensures the uniformity of feeding using helical pneumatic blending transportation mode；It receives powder tank and is equipped with parastat, prevent powder
Last combustion explosion and aggregation；
(6) after the powder in receipts powder tank enters vibrating screen, vibrating screen sieves powder.According to granularity difference, by powder
End is collected into activity and receives in powder tank 22, and the activity receives powder tank and includes inert gas, and vibrating screen connects device equipped with antistatic, prevents powder
Last combustion explosion and aggregation.
Embodiment 1, average particle size are 20 μm, purity 4N, Oxygen potential 90%, oxygen content amount are less than 2000ppm, nitrogenous
Ti of the amount less than 500ppm6Al4V powder, the major parameter of preparation process are：Ti6Al4V furnace charges purity is in 2N-3N, system vacuum
Degree 6 × 10-4MPa, system oxygen content are less than 1ppm, power 200Kw, and supersonic speed high pressure argon gas pressure is 5.23MPa, is shaken
Dynamic frequency is 85HKz, and two-stage cooling device argon pressure is 0.6MPa.
Embodiment 2, average particle size are 20 μm, purity 4N, Oxygen potential 90%, oxygen content amount are less than 1800ppm, nitrogenous
Pure powder of the amount less than 300ppm, the major parameter of preparation process are：Pure titanium furnace charge purity in 2N-3N, system vacuum 6 ×
10-5MPa, system oxygen content be less than 1ppm, power 200Kw, Supersonic high pressure argon gas pressure be 5.23MPa, vibration frequency
For 85HKz, two-stage cooling device argon pressure is 0.6MPa.
Matrix powder material is prepared by vacuum magnetic suspension melting fuel pulverizing plant, improves matrix powder material purity, is dropped
Low material oxygen content nitrogen content, spheroidizing of powder rate is high, good sphericity.It can be used in prior powder metallurgy industry and new very well
In emerging laser 3D printing industry.In addition, refractory metal dusty material can also be prepared by the device, such as W, V, Zr, Cr, Nb
Wait the noble metals such as refractory metals and Tai Jin, Ir, Pt and alloy etc..
The above is only several embodiments of the application, any type of limitation is not done to the application, although this Shen
Please disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, however not to limit the application, any person skilled in the art is not taking off
In the range of technical scheme, make a little variation using the technology contents of the disclosure above or modification is equal to
Case study on implementation is imitated, is belonged in the range of technical solution.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of device for preparing matrix powder material, which is characterized in that include at least：
Vacuum chamber, top are equipped with feed compartment；
Magnetic levitation melting stove, is arranged in vacuum chamber；
Spray chamber is arranged below vacuum chamber and is connected as a single entity with the vacuum chamber；
Powder collector unit, including the powder collection chamber being set to below spray chamber.
2. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the vacuum chamber is equipped with vacuum chamber observation window, cooling water
Import and electric import；
The feed compartment both sides are set there are two temperature thermocouple.
3. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that heat preservation infusion is connected with below the magnetic levitation melting stove
Pipe；
Wherein, the beginning of heat preserving perfusion tube is connected to the lower section of magnetic levitation melting stove, and end enters spray chamber；
Lower end of the titanium-based metal liquid level of purifying in magnetic levitation melting stove；Enter the titanium-based powder of spray chamber by heat preserving perfusion tube
Powder material, purity 4N-5N.
4. device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the end both sides of the heat preserving perfusion tube are equipped with atomizer.
5. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that atomizer and cooling unit are included in the spray chamber；Its
In, cooling unit is set on the lower section of atomizer；
Spray chamber observation window is provided on the spray chamber, below cooling unit.
6. device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the cooling unit includes level-one gas cooling device and two
Grade gas cooling device；
Wherein, level-one gas cooling device is set on the lower section of atomizer, and secondary gas cooling device is filled set on level-one gas cooling
The lower section put；
The level-one gas cooling device sprays supersonic speed inert gas, level-one cooling atomization gold to the outlet of the atomizer
Belong to；
By the secondary gas cooling device, level-one atomization metal after cooling is cooled down again, obtains the matrix powder
Material.
7. device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that after the level-one cooling atomization metal, the atomization metal
Surface layer solidification, internal layer half solidify；
Described to cool down level-one atomization metal after cooling again, the obtained matrix powder material particle size is at 1-300 μm
Between, nodularization degree reaches 90%.
8. device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the pressure of supersonic speed inert gas is 5-6Mpa；
The obtained matrix powder material oxygen content is less than 1800ppm, and nitrogen content is less than 300ppm.
9. device according to claim 5 or 6, which is characterized in that the atomizer is equipped with silencing means.
10. device according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the powder collector unit includes receiving powder tank, passes through transmission
Powder conduit is connect with receiving powder room；
The receipts powder tank is connect with powder sieving unit；
The powder sieving unit includes vibrating screen and powder tank is received in activity；Wherein, vibrating screen is connect with receiving powder tank, and powder tank is received in activity
It is set to the lower section of vibrating screen；
The receipts powder tank and/or vibrating screen are equipped with parastat.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711479969.1A CN108213449A (en) | 2013-07-11 | 2013-07-11 | A kind of device for preparing matrix powder material |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201310290541 CN103381484A (en) | 2013-07-11 | 2013-07-11 | Ti-based powder preparing device and Ti-based powder preparing method |
| CN201711479969.1A CN108213449A (en) | 2013-07-11 | 2013-07-11 | A kind of device for preparing matrix powder material |
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