CN108526472A - A kind of free arc system for spherical metal powder device and method - Google Patents
A kind of free arc system for spherical metal powder device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108526472A CN108526472A CN201810453646.3A CN201810453646A CN108526472A CN 108526472 A CN108526472 A CN 108526472A CN 201810453646 A CN201810453646 A CN 201810453646A CN 108526472 A CN108526472 A CN 108526472A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
- B22F1/065—Spherical particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0848—Melting process before atomisation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0888—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid casting construction of the melt process, apparatus, intermediate reservoir, e.g. tundish, devices for temperature control
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of free arc systems for the device of spherical metal powder, including：Powder kettle processed；And plasmatorch spray gun, it is inserted into the powder kettle processed, the plasmatorch spray gun is provided with fumarole along its axial direction；Wire-feed motor is arranged in plasma nozzle axial direction both sides and is oppositely arranged, for conveying wire to plasma nozzle front；Free arc power is connect with the wire feed joint of the wire-feed motor, for providing electric current to the wire.The smaller spherical metal powder of grain size can be prepared and yield is higher.The present invention also provides a kind of free arc systems for the method for spherical metal powder, it is 15~53 μm of spherical powder and generally solid that grain size, which can be prepared, stability is good, yield is higher, a diameter of 15~53 μm in gained spherical powder of spherical metal powder proportion can also be controlled, more excellent preparation parameter is obtained, preparation efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to powder metallurgical technologies, and more particularly, it is standby using free arc system that the present invention relates to a kind of
The device and method of spherical metal powder.
Background technology
With the development of science and technology, the application of metal 3D printing technique is more and more extensive, some large-scale titanium alloy abnormity knots
Component such as aircraft keel can only utilize 3D printing technique to manufacture.High-purity small particle (15~53 μm) sized spherical titanium powder is 3D printing
Raw material, powder property have great influence to product quality.In addition the performance of titanium powder is to determine titanium or titanium alloy powder smelting
The key factor of golden quality of item.It is to solve marine settings corrosion-resistant effective way to prepare titanium coating using the method for thermal spraying,
But currently without the dedicated cheap spherical titanium powder of thermal spraying.
The method that the 1950s, American invention HDH method produced titanium valve, in the 1970s, rotation electrode
Centrifugal atomizing prepares titanium valve technology and reaches its maturity.Preparing spherical titanium and the main method of Titanium Powder at present has：Gas atomization (GA
Method), plasma rotating electrode process (PREP methods) and radio frequency plasma nodularization method (RFP methods).
(1) gas atomization is divided into inert gas atomizer method and ultrasonic atomizatio method.
1. it is that the method for mainstream, used raw material are the most both at home and abroad at present that inert gas atomizer method, which prepares sized spherical titanium powder,
The titanium or titanium alloy bar of certain specification.Fuel rod is melted in crucible, by the nozzle of crucible bottom by the melt of generation
With high-speed gas injection, it is in spray form to make molten metal, and condensation forms sized spherical titanium powder.The advanced high temperature knot in Beijing Research Inst. of Aeronautic Material
Structure material national defence key lab has introduced cold wall crucible vacuum induction melting argon gas atomising device from PSI companies of Britain, mainly
Preparation and research for inert gas atomizer titanium valve.The characteristics of powder prepared using this method is powder diameter distribution
Wider, fine powder recovery rate is higher, and the composition tolerances of powdered ingredients and master alloy bar are smaller, and impurity element can obtain very well
Control.But since aeroponics are during preparing titanium valve, the cooling speed of the different sized particles of cooled droplet formation
Degree is different, causes sphericity poor, planet particle is more；When on the other hand due to gas breaking metal liquid stream inevitably
Hollow powders are generated, these hollow powders remain in follow-up powder metallurgy process, can cause the internal flaw of material.In addition,
The plasticity index of the block materials obtained after hot isostatic pressing using titanium valve made of this method is relatively low, and wanting for forging is not achieved
It asks.
Another gas-atomized powder method that 2. ultrasonic atomizatio powder, which is developed recently, to get up, there are mainly two types of the technologies：
One kind can convert high-frequency electromagnetic oscillation to liquid machine vibration, and droplet is made to be crushed mist formation；Another kind can flow through super
Thin drop layer is formed in radiating surface when sound amplitude transformer, thin drop layer evokes capillary wave under the action of ultrasonic vibration, when
When the amplitude of vibration plane reaches certain peak value, droplet splashes to form mist from wave crest, is made using ultrasonic atomizatio method
The grain size of spherical powder be inversely proportional with supersonic frequency, the working frequency of ultrasound atomization system is higher, obtained spherical powder
Granularity is smaller.Zhang Shuguang of Beijing Non-Fervoous Metal Inst. etc., Active Ultrasonics companies of Switzerland and German Research people
Member is successively prepared for powder any surface finish using the technology, and 10~45 μm of grain size, oxygen content is low, and satellite particle is few, good sphericity
Titanium powder, but this technology still can not solve the problems, such as hollow powders.
(2) plasma rotating electrode process
Consutrode is made in metal or alloy, electrode end surface is molten into liquid by electric arc heated, passes through electrode high speed
Liquid is dished out and is ground into fine drop by the centrifugal force of rotation, and the method for being finally condensed into powder is exactly rotary electrode method.This
Kind milling method was succeeded in developing in 1974 by U.S.'s core metal company first, can be according to the size and electrode of arc-plasma current
The grain size of rotation speed regulating and controlling powder.China Beijing iron and steel research institute and space material technical study took the lead in having introduced Russia in 1998
The plasma rotating electrode equipment of Ross, and carried out the preparation research work of sized spherical titanium powder.Currently, domestic independent research goes out
It can be used for preparing the plasma rotating electrode equipment of sized spherical titanium powder.Wherein, the DXD-50 types etc. that Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering manufactures
The advantages of ion rotary-atomizing powder manufacturing apparatus is examined by producing, and operation of putting into production, the plasma rotating electrode process
It is prepared powder without hollow-core construction, it is preferable and without the titanium alloy powder of planet particle that sphericity can be prepared.But disadvantage
It is that the granularity of titanium valve focuses mostly at 106~246 μm, the recovery rate less than 106 μm of sized spherical titanium powder is relatively low.It can not prepare less than 45
μm sized spherical titanium powder.
(3) radio frequency plasma nodularization method
Radio frequency plasma nodularization method is to carry out sensing heating, production to various gases using the induction effect of radio frequency electromagnetic field
Raw radio frequency plasma melts aspherical powder using the plasma of high temperature, the powder particle of melting under surface tension effects,
Under high temperature gradient, rapid condensation forms the very high droplet of sphericity, and obtains spherical powder.Canadian TEKNA
The radio frequency plasma powder handling system of company's exploitation is currently in rank first, the said firm utilized radio frequency etc. from
Sub- technology realizes the spheroidising of the metal powders such as Ti, W, Mo, Ta, Ni, Cu.University of Science ＆ Technology, Beijing is in national high-tech research
Under the support of development plan, domestic First water-cooled quartz radio frequency plasma powder handling system, southwest science and technology are had developed
Loyal great waves of Gu of university etc. utilized radio frequency plasma nodularization method in 2009, by the amount of feeding, the powder processed that control aspherical titanium valve
Mode, cooling velocity etc. have prepared the preferable titanium valve of sphericity.It is that sphericity can be improved that the technology, which prepares titanium valve, preferably
Improve the mobility of powder；The slit inside particle can be eliminated, powder shatter value is improved；Particle surface pattern can suitably be changed,
Improve the purity of powder.But the disadvantage is that the Oxygen potential highest of powder only has 85%, and need by repeatedly screening, production efficiency compared with
Low, cost is higher, during preparing sized spherical titanium powder, due to factors such as melting collision, vaporization recrystallizations, can lead to a fixed number
The bulky grain of amount is formed, therefore cannot be excessive by the aspherical powder particle of nodularization.
Gas atomization, which prepares titanium valve, in summary can not solve the problems, such as hollow powder；Titanium prepared by plasma rotating electrode process
Powder diameter is excessive, can not prepare titanium powder of the grain size less than 53 μm for being most appropriate to 3D printing and thermal spraying；Radio frequency plasma
Nodularization method prepares the less efficient of titanium valve, and of high cost, powder price is higher.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to design and develop a kind of free arc system for the device of spherical metal powder, can prepare
The smaller spherical metal powder of grain size and yield is higher.
It is an object of the invention to design and develop a kind of free arc system for the method for spherical metal powder, can prepare
Grain size is 15~53 μm of spherical powder and generally solid, and stability is good, and yield is higher.
Another object of the present invention can also be to a diameter of 15~53 μm of spherical metal powder institute in gained spherical powder
Accounting is controlled again, obtains more excellent preparation parameter, improves preparation efficiency.
Technical solution provided by the invention is：
A kind of free arc system for spherical metal powder device, including：
Powder kettle processed；And
Plasmatorch spray gun is inserted into the powder kettle processed, and the plasmatorch spray gun is provided with fumarole along its axial direction；
Wire-feed motor is arranged in plasma nozzle axial direction both sides and is oppositely arranged, and is used for the plasma gun
Front conveys wire；
Free arc power is connect with the wire feed joint of the wire-feed motor, for providing electric current to the wire.
Preferably, the powder kettle processed is horizontal powder kettle processed, and inner horizontal is provided with semi-cylindrical and contains powder basin, the Sheng
The length of powder basin is consistent with the inner length of powder kettle processed, highly 1/3 for the powder kettle height processed.
Preferably, the powder kettle processed is vertical powder kettle processed, be provided with below it is cylindrical contain powder drum, the powder kettle processed and
It is provided between Sheng powder drum and unloads powder valve.
Preferably, further include：
First row air-lock is arranged in the powder kettle top processed portion；
Grade one filter, setting are exported in the first row air-lock, and the outlet of the grade one filter is divided into first and goes out
Mouthful and second outlet, be connected with secondary filter and tertiary filter at the first outlet in turn, connect at the second outlet
It is connected to second row air-lock；
Cooling device, setting are exported in the tertiary filter；
Level-one booster and two-stage supercharger are successively set on the exit of the cooling device；
High pressure gas holder is arranged in the two-stage supercharger exit, for collecting, cycling and reutilization working gas.
Preferably, further include cooling water pipe, disk is on the powder kettle inner wall processed in a spiral manner, and is divided into three sections of cloth
Set the powder kettle inner wall processed before, during and after.
Preferably, the powder kettle inner wall processed and the Sheng powder basin are stainless steel.
Preferably, the grade one filter is cyclone type, and secondary filter and tertiary filter are cloth-bag type.
Correspondingly, the present invention also provides a kind of free arc systems for the method for spherical metal powder, includes the following steps：
Step 1：Air pressure in powder kettle processed is evacuated to 1 × 10-5~10Pa, for then anti-argon gas of filling out to normal pressure, repetition is counter to fill out argon
Gas 3 times；
Step 2：Power supply makes to generate plasma flame flow in plasmatorch spray gun, and the voltage for controlling plasmatorch is 40~
200V, electric current are 180~500A, and the flow of inert gas is 60~300L/min；
Step 3：Free arc power supply power supply, wire-feed motor are sent out wire from both sides with the speed of 4~15m/min simultaneously,
Free arc-melting wire is generated after wire contact, the output voltage for controlling free arc power is 20~50V, output current
For 40~200A；
Step 4：Plasmatorch lance ejection goes out the atomization of inertia high speed plasma flame flow, nodularization metal drop, and injection is melted
Flight, natural cooling, solidification in powder kettle processed are dropped in, bottom is dropped to and contains in powder basin, air pressure in powder kettle processed is controlled and is less than or equal to
0.5MPa。
Preferably, further include that the step 2 and the step 3 are adjusted：It is straight to adjust wire feed rate, wire
Diameter, the output voltage of power supply of free electric arc, the voltage of output current and plasmatorch, electric current and gas flow, to gained
A diameter of 15~53 μm of spherical metal powder proportion is controlled in spherical powder：
Wherein, ω is a diameter of 15~53 μm of spherical metal powder proportion, ξ be correction coefficient and with wire
Attribute is related, dlFor the diameter of wire, vlFor the wire feed rate of wire, PhFor the highest air pressure in powder kettle processed, PlFor powder processed
Barometric minimum in kettle, UgFor the voltage of high-energy-rate plasmatorch, IgFor the electric current of high-energy-rate plasmatorch, QgFor high-energy-rate etc.
The gas flow of ion torch, UlFor the output voltage of free arc power, IlFor the output current of free arc power.
Preferably, a diameter of 2~3mm of the wire；The speed of the wire-feed motor conveying wire is 5m/min.
Preferably, the output voltage of the power supply of the free electric arc is 38V, output current 100A.
Preferably, the voltage of the plasmatorch is 150V, and the flow of electric current 200A, inert gas are 120L/
min。
Preferably, further include：In the step 4 when air pressure is more than 0.5MPa in powder kettle processed, first row air-lock is opened
Air pressure in powder kettle processed is set to be less than or equal to 0.5MPa.
Preferably, further include：After powder processed, after discharge powder gas reactor processed is down to normal pressure, powder kettle processed is opened, is taken out
The powder in powder basin and sub-sieve Sheng powder basin is contained, different-grain diameter spherical powder is obtained.
Preferably, the wire is titanium silk, aluminium wire, tungsten filament, molybdenum filament, copper wire or tantalum wire.
Preferably, the inert gas is argon gas.
It is of the present invention to have the beneficial effect that：
(1) free arc system of the present invention can prepare the smaller metal of grain size for the device of spherical metal powder
Spherical powder and yield is higher.
(2) pulverizing process realizes recycling for gas, and powder processed is at low cost.
(3) for free arc system of the present invention for the method for spherical metal powder, it is 15~53 μm that can prepare grain size
Spherical powder and generally solid, stability is good, and yield is higher, can reach 60% or more, and preparation efficiency is higher, reaches as high as
To 15kg/h, cost is relatively low；The more excellent preparation parameter for preparing the spherical powder that grain size is 15~53 μm can also be accessed, system is improved
Standby efficiency.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of equipment of the free arc system of the present invention for spherical metal powder.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of vertical powder kettle processed of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, to enable those skilled in the art with reference to specification text
Word can be implemented according to this.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of free arc system for the device of spherical metal powder, including：Powder kettle processed；With
And plasmatorch spray gun, it is inserted into the powder kettle processed, the plasmatorch spray gun is provided with fumarole along its axial direction；Wire feed
Machine is arranged in plasma nozzle axial direction both sides and is oppositely arranged, for conveying metal to plasma nozzle front
Silk；Free arc power is connect with the wire feed joint of the wire-feed motor, for providing electric current to the wire.
In the present embodiment, the powder kettle processed is horizontal powder kettle processed, and inner horizontal is provided with semi-cylindrical and contains powder basin, described
The length for containing powder basin is consistent with the inner length of powder kettle processed, highly 1/3 for the powder kettle height processed.It (can certainly
It is provided between the powder kettle processed and Sheng powder drum with vertical powder kettle processed as shown in Fig. 2, being provided with cylindrical Sheng powder drum below
Powder valve is unloaded, powder drum is contained and fills out gas port with counter equipped with vacuum pumping opening, running hours may be implemented and unload powder, method is that opening is unloaded
Powder valve, powder flows into contain powder drum after, powder valve is unloaded in closing, removes Sheng powder drum, pours out that an inner powder is last to install back powder bottom processed
Portion first vacuumizes bottom, then counter to fill out argon gas, reaches in kettle after identical pressure, waits for unload powder next time.)
The powder kettle top processed portion is provided with exhaust brake valve plate 1, and 1 top of the exhaust valve plate is provided with grade one filter, institute
The outlet for stating grade one filter is divided into first outlet and second outlet, the first outlet be connected in turn gas circulation flashboard,
Secondary filter, tertiary filter and gas cooling device, the level-one are cyclone type, and two level and three-level are cloth-bag type so that
Content of powder is less than 0.001% from the gas that high pressure gas holder exports.It is provided with multi-stage booster after the gas cooling device
The air pressure of 0.2MPa in powder kettle processed can be increased to 1.5MPa, the multistage supercharger by device for increasing air pressure in powder kettle processed
It is connected with high pressure gas holder later, the inert gas cycling and reutilization of discharge can be collected.The second outlet is connected with exhaust brake
Plate valve 2.When powder kettle processed is in work, exhaust slide valve 2 be closed, when be vented slide valve 1 open when need by
Multistage filter is filtered discharge gas, causes to waste in order to avoid metal powder takes two out of by air-flow.
Further include cooling water pipe (it is copper pipe) in the present embodiment, in a spiral manner disk on the powder kettle inner wall processed,
And be divided into three sections and be arranged in before, during and after the powder kettle inner wall processed, by the cooling water of refrigeration machine outflow through water knockout drum, simultaneously
This three sections of spiral cooling water pipes are flowed into, are then converged into total return pipe.It is maintained at 80~200 by refrigerated medium powder temperature in the kettle
Within the scope of DEG C.
The powder kettle inner wall processed and the Sheng powder basin are stainless steel, when preparing titanium powder, in powder kettle inner wall processed, powder kettle processed
Cooling water pipe and Sheng powder basin surface spraying have titanium coating.
Free arc system of the present invention further includes condition monitoring system for the device of spherical metal powder, by powder processed
It is kettle normal pressure table, powder kettle vacuum table processed, powder kettle temperature sensor processed, cooling water pressure force snesor, cooling water flow sensor, cold
But water temperature sensor, plasma working gas pressure and flow sensor, plasma mixed pressure force snesor composition.It can be with
It realizes to the electrical parameter of pulverizing process plasmatorch, gas parameter, plasmatorch cooling water state, the air pressure in powder kettle processed and temperature
It spends, the real time monitorings such as pressure and temperature of powder kettle processed cooling water state, recyclegas, and feedback signal is provided, when alarming
It can work by the program emergent stopping after setting.
The concrete function of each device is as follows：
(1) plasmatorch, is used to generate high speed plasma flame flow, and plasmatorch inside tungsten electrode connects the cathode of power supply, spray
Mouth connects the anode of power supply, and working gas is sent into plasmatorch through controlling assembly.
(2) wire-feed motor is sent wire to the nozzle of plasmatorch through wire feed hose, wire feed connector, two
Wire connects positive pole and cathode respectively.Pass through electric current, voltage and the wire feed rate of the power supply of the free electric arc of adjusting when work
Ensure that wire burn-off rate is matched with feed speed, generates and stablize free electric arc.
(3) plasmatorch refrigeration machine is used to provide recirculated cooling water to plasmatorch, is carried out to the gun body of plasmatorch
It is cooling；Plasmatorch refrigeration system is made of plasmatorch refrigeration machine, water power adapter, continuous water pipe and water power cable.
(4) powder kettle refrigeration machine processed, the cooling water pipe being used for into powder kettle processed provide recirculated cooling water；Powder kettle cooling system processed
System is made of powder kettle refrigeration machine processed, cooling water pipe, connection water pipe.
(5) power supply is used to power to plasmatorch；Free arc power is used to power to wire.
(6) vacuum pump is used in powder kettle processed vacuumize；There is pumping slide valve between vacuum pump and powder kettle processed, is used for
Switch bleed-off passage；There are exhaust slide valve and filter in exhaust outlet, for switching exhaust passage, pass filter was used for slide valve
The gas of discharge is filtered, smaller particle (being less than 5 μm) metal powder is collected.
(7) powder kettle processed provides confined space for entire pulverizing process, and inside is negative pressure when vacuumizing, when normal work
Inside is increased to positive pressure by negative pressure；Monitoring system is constituted equipped with positive pressure table, vacuum table, thermometer on powder kettle processed, in monitoring
Portion's air pressure, temperature.
(8) powder basin is contained, is used to collect the metal powder that injection generates.
(9) assembly is controlled, is used to control the water, electricity, gas of entire pulverized coal preparation system, and real-time monitoring system operating status.
Free arc system of the present invention can prepare smaller metal ball shaped of grain size for the device of spherical metal powder
Powder and yield is higher.
The present invention also provides a kind of free arc systems for the method for spherical metal powder, includes the following steps：
Step 1：Air pressure in powder kettle processed is evacuated to 1 × 10-5~10Pa, for then anti-argon gas of filling out to normal pressure, repetition is counter to fill out argon
Gas 3 times；
Step 2：Power supply makes to generate plasma flame flow in plasmatorch spray gun, and the voltage for controlling plasmatorch is 40~
200V, electric current are 180~500A, and the flow of inert gas (in the present embodiment, the inert gas is argon gas) is 60~300L/
min；
Step 3：Free arc power supply power supply, wire-feed motor are sent out wire from both sides with the speed of 4~15m/min simultaneously,
Free arc-melting wire is generated after wire contact, the output voltage for controlling free arc power is 20~50V, output current
For 40~200A；
Step 4：Plasmatorch lance ejection goes out the atomization of inertia high speed plasma flame flow, nodularization metal drop, and injection is melted
Flight in powder kettle processed is dropped in, natural cooling, solidification (powder kettle refrigeration machine processed ensures that powder temperature in the kettle processed is less than 160 DEG C) drop to
It contains in powder basin bottom.Air pressure is less than or equal to 0.5MPa in control powder kettle processed, when air pressure is more than 0.5MPa in powder kettle processed, the row of opening
Air-lock make in powder kettle processed air pressure be less than or equal to 0.5MPa (air pressure limit value can certainly be set as the case may be, however it is not limited to
0.5MPa)。
Step 5：After powder processed, after discharge powder gas reactor processed is down to normal pressure, powder kettle processed is opened, Sheng powder basin is taken out and simultaneously divides
Sieve contains the powder in powder basin, obtains different-grain diameter spherical powder.
Further include that step 2 and step 3 are adjusted in the present embodiment：Adjust wire feed rate, wire diameter, freedom
The output voltage of the power supply of electric arc, the voltage of output current and plasmatorch, electric current and gas flow, rule of thumb, to institute
A diameter of 15~53 μm in spherical powder of spherical metal powder proportion is obtained to be controlled：
Wherein, ω is a diameter of 15~53 μm of spherical metal powder proportion, ξ be correction coefficient and with wire
Attribute is relateddlFor the diameter (m) of wire, vlFor the wire feed rate (m/min) of wire,
PhFor the highest air pressure (Pa) in powder kettle processed, PlFor the barometric minimum (Pa) in powder kettle processed, UgFor the voltage of high-energy-rate plasmatorch
(V), IgFor the electric current (A) of high-energy-rate plasmatorch, QgFor the gas flow (L/min) of high-energy-rate plasmatorch, UlFor free electricity
The output voltage (V) of arc power, IlFor the output current (A) of free arc power.
Obtaining more excellent preparation parameter is：A diameter of 2~3mm of the wire；The speed of the wire-feed motor conveying wire
Degree is 5m/min；The output voltage of the power supply of the free electric arc is 38V, output current 100A；The electricity of the plasmatorch
Pressure is 150V, and the flow of electric current 200A, inert gas are 120L/min.Using above-mentioned preparation parameter, obtain a diameter of 15~
53 μm of spherical metal powder proportion is up to 82.5%.
In the present invention, the wire can be titanium silk, aluminium wire, tungsten filament, molybdenum filament, copper wire or tantalum wire；The preparation
A diameter of 15~53 μm of spherical metal powder.
Free arc system of the present invention can prepare the ball that grain size is 15~53 μm for the method for spherical metal powder
Shape powder and generally solid, stability is good, and yield is higher, can reach 60% or more, and preparation efficiency is higher, can reach
15kg/h, cost are relatively low；The more excellent preparation parameter for preparing the spherical powder that grain size is 15~53 μm can also be accessed, improves and prepares
Efficiency.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, but its is not only in the description and the implementation listed
With it can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, for those skilled in the art, can be easily
Realize other modification, therefore without departing from the general concept defined in the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is simultaneously unlimited
In specific details and legend shown and described herein.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of free arc system is for the device of spherical metal powder, which is characterized in that including：
Powder kettle processed；And
Plasmatorch spray gun is inserted into the powder kettle processed, and the plasmatorch spray gun is provided with fumarole along its axial direction；
Wire-feed motor is arranged in plasma nozzle axial direction both sides and is oppositely arranged, and is used for in front of the plasma gun
Convey wire；
Free arc power is connect with the wire feed joint of the wire-feed motor, for providing electric current to the wire.
2. free arc system as described in claim 1 is for the device of spherical metal powder, which is characterized in that the powder kettle processed is
Horizontal powder kettle processed, inner horizontal are provided with semi-cylindrical and contain powder basin, the inside of the length and the powder kettle processed for containing powder basin
Length is consistent, highly 1/3 for the powder kettle height processed.
3. free arc system as described in claim 1 is for the device of spherical metal powder, which is characterized in that the powder kettle processed is
Vertical powder kettle processed is provided with cylindrical Sheng powder drum, is provided between the powder kettle processed and Sheng powder drum and unloads powder valve below.
4. free arc system as described in claim 1 is for the device of spherical metal powder, which is characterized in that further include：
First row air-lock is arranged in the powder kettle top processed portion；
Grade one filter, setting are exported in the first row air-lock, the outlet of the grade one filter be divided into first outlet and
Second outlet is connected with secondary filter and tertiary filter in turn at the first outlet, is connected at the second outlet
Second row air-lock；
Cooling device, setting are exported in the tertiary filter；
Level-one booster and two-stage supercharger are successively set on the exit of the cooling device；
High pressure gas holder is arranged in the two-stage supercharger exit, for collecting, cycling and reutilization working gas.
5. a kind of free arc system is for the method for spherical metal powder, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1：Air pressure in powder kettle processed is evacuated to 1 × 10-5~10Pa, for then anti-argon gas of filling out to normal pressure, repetition is counter to fill out argon gas 3
It is secondary；
Step 2：Power supply makes to generate plasma flame flow in plasmatorch spray gun, and the voltage for controlling plasmatorch is 40~200V, electricity
Stream is 180~500A, and the flow of inert gas is 60~300L/min；
Step 3：Free arc power supply power supply, wire-feed motor are sent out wire from both sides with the speed of 4~15m/min simultaneously, metal
Free arc-melting wire is generated after silk contact, the output voltage for controlling free arc power is 20~50V, output current 40
~200A；
Step 4：Plasmatorch lance ejection goes out the atomization of inertia high speed plasma flame flow, nodularization metal drop, and the molten drop of injection exists
Flight, natural cooling, solidification in powder kettle processed drop to bottom and contain in powder basin, control air pressure in powder kettle processed and are less than or equal to 0.5MPa.
6. free arc system as claimed in claim 5 is for the method for spherical metal powder, which is characterized in that further include to described
Step 2 and the step 3 are adjusted：Adjust wire feed rate, wire diameter, free electric arc power supply output voltage, defeated
The voltage, electric current and gas flow for going out electric current and plasmatorch, to a diameter of 15~53 μm of metal in gained spherical powder
Spherical powder proportion is controlled：
Wherein, the spherical metal powder proportion that ω is a diameter of 15~53 μm, ξ are correction coefficient and the attribute with wire
It is related, dlFor the diameter of wire, vlFor the wire feed rate of wire, PhFor the highest air pressure in powder kettle processed, PlFor in powder kettle processed
Barometric minimum, UgFor the voltage of high-energy-rate plasmatorch, IgFor the electric current of high-energy-rate plasmatorch, QgFor high-energy-rate plasma
The gas flow of torch, UlFor the output voltage of free arc power, IlFor the output current of free arc power.
7. if free arc system described in claim 5 or 6 is for the method for spherical metal powder, which is characterized in that the metal
A diameter of 2~3mm of silk；The speed of the wire-feed motor conveying wire is 5m/min.
8. free arc system as claimed in claim 7 is for the method for spherical metal powder, which is characterized in that the free electric arc
Power supply output voltage be 38V, output current 100A；The voltage of the plasmatorch is 150V, electric current 200A, inertia
The flow of gas is 120L/min.
9. free arc system as claimed in claim 5 is for the method for spherical metal powder, which is characterized in that further include：It is described
In step 4 when air pressure is more than 0.5MPa in powder kettle processed, opening first row air-lock makes air pressure in powder kettle processed be less than or equal to 0.5MPa；
After powder processed, after discharge powder gas reactor processed is down to normal pressure, powder kettle processed is opened, takes out the powder contained in powder basin and sub-sieve Sheng powder basin
End obtains different-grain diameter spherical powder.
10. free arc system as claimed in claim 5 is for the method for spherical metal powder, which is characterized in that the wire
For titanium silk, aluminium wire, tungsten filament, molybdenum filament, copper wire or tantalum wire；The inert gas is argon gas.
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