CN104227006A - Method for preparing fine spherical stainless steel powder - Google Patents
Method for preparing fine spherical stainless steel powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN104227006A CN104227006A CN201410424500.8A CN201410424500A CN104227006A CN 104227006 A CN104227006 A CN 104227006A CN 201410424500 A CN201410424500 A CN 201410424500A CN 104227006 A CN104227006 A CN 104227006A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing fine spherical stainless steel powder. The method comprises the following steps of (a) selecting stainless steel powder or preparing C, Si, S, P and other elements into an alloy feed; (b) sending the stainless steel powder or the alloy feed into a plasma torch for vaporization smelting by using hydrogen or argon as carrier gas so as to obtain an alloy body; (c) performing heat exchange on the alloy body to obtain the fine spherical stainless steel powder; (d) introducing the fine spherical stainless steel powder into a gas-solid separation chamber to collect solid powder. According to the method, the stainless steel powder is utilized, or C, Si, S, P and other elements are prepared into the alloy feed, a raw material can be prepared by an element mixing method, and the application range of the raw material is widened; the carrier gas is utilized to feed the raw material into the plasma torch, and the fine spherical stainless steel powder is formed through heat exchange, so that the raw material scattering uniformity is improved, and the stainless steel powder with uniformly distributed elements and uniformly distributed particle size is formed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of stainless steel raw powder's production technology, be specifically related to a kind of minute spherical stainless steel raw powder's production technology.
Background technology
Along with 3D prints and the development of modern PM technique, the kind of stainless steel products is more and more, and towards high strength, high density, high-precision future development.
316L stainless steel is because of a series of premium properties such as its density is low, specific strength is high, corrosion resistance is good, fine heat-resisting performance, and being widely used in the fields such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, ocean engineering, auto industry, bioengineering, is a kind of important basic industries raw material.And minute spherical 316L stainless steel powder demonstrates unique advantage in chemism, mechanical performance, mobility, apparent density etc., be usually applied to the fields such as laser fast shaping.Along with the development of the technology such as emerging rapid laser-shaping technique, 3D laser printing technology, the demand of minute spherical 316L stainless steel powder is also increasing.
Traditional minute spherical stainless steel raw powder's production technology is the gentle atomization of water atomization, but all there is very big-difference in powder of stainless steel quality, performance and cost prepared by these two kinds of methods, be mainly reflected in several aspect: (1) water atomization pulverization has certain advantage at fineness of powder and cost, but powder be irregularly shaped substantially, greatly affect the performance of follow-up stainless steel products.(2) gas-atomized powder has certain advantage at oxygen content in power and powder sphericity, but prepared powder mass granularity is partially thick, cost is high, technical difficulty is large, greatly limit applying of aerosolization powder of stainless steel.Therefore, seek a kind of practicable method preparing minute spherical stainless steel powder can carrying out suitability for industrialized production and seem extremely important and urgent.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to provide a kind of minute spherical stainless steel raw powder's production technology to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of minute spherical stainless steel raw powder's production technology, comprises the steps:
A () is chosen stainless steel powder or is made into alloy pan feeding with C, Si, S, P, Fe, Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn element;
B () adopts hydrogen or argon gas, as carrier gas, described stainless steel powder or alloy pan feeding are sent in plasma torch melting of vaporizing, form alloy body;
C described alloy body is carried out heat exchange by (), form minute spherical stainless steel powder;
D described minute spherical stainless steel powder is imported gas solid separation room and collects pressed powder by ().
Optimally, in step (c), described heat exchange method is for passing into cold gas, cooling water or add heat-insulation layer on heat-exchanging chamber outer wall.
Further, in step (c), described cold gas is hydrogen or argon gas, and described cooling gas flow is 1 ~ 35m
3/ h.
Further, in step (b), the flow 0.5 ~ 5m of described carrier gas
3/ h, rate of feed is 5 ~ 100g/min
Further, in step (b), the power of described plasma torch is 5 ~ 50kW, and it is flow 1 ~ 3m that gas occurs
3the argon gas of/h, limit gas is flow 1 ~ 20m
3the argon gas of/h, pressure limit is negative pressure 50 ~ 200 mm mercury column.
Because technique scheme is used, the present invention compared with prior art has following advantages: minute spherical stainless steel raw powder's production technology of the present invention, utilize stainless steel powder or be made into alloy pan feeding with C, Si, S, P, Fe, Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn element on the one hand, the mode preparation raw material that element mixes can be utilized, widened the scope of application of its raw material; Utilize carrier gas to be sent in plasma torch by raw material on the other hand, and form minute spherical stainless steel powder via heat exchange, be conducive to the uniformity coefficient of the dispersion improving raw material, thus forming element is uniformly distributed and the stainless steel powder of even particle size distribution; And the method is simple to operate, be easy to Automated condtrol, thus can large-scale promotion use.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The high-frequency plasma equipment schematic diagram that accompanying drawing 1 adopts for minute spherical stainless steel raw powder's production technology of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 2 is the stereoscan photograph of the minute spherical stainless steel powder of preparation in embodiment three.
Detailed description of the invention
Minute spherical stainless steel raw powder's production technology of the present invention, comprises the steps:
First directly choose 316L stainless steel powder or use C, Si, S, P, Fe, Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn element to be made into alloy pan feeding in proportion.Due to according to material requirements, the element preparation raw material of proper proportion can be chosen, element design can be carried out according to material requirements, widen the scope of application of raw material, can choose inexpensively, cheap raw material.
Adopt hydrogen or argon gas, as carrier gas, above-mentioned alloy pan feeding or 316L stainless steel powder are sent in plasma torch melting of vaporizing again, form alloy body.The high-frequency plasma equipment used in this step as shown in Figure 1, mainly comprises feeder, plasma torch, RF generator (radio-frequency signal generator), heat-exchanging chamber and gas-solid separation chamber.In this step, adopt the mode (namely with hydrogen or argon gas as carrier gas) of centre charging, the time that raw material addition and raw material can be regulated to stop in plasma by carrier gas flux, and regulate the dispersity of raw material in plasma, therefore the flow of carrier gas and rate of feed play conclusive effect, the flow 0.5 ~ 5m of preferred carrier gas for the particle diameter of follow-up superfine spherical titanium alloy powder
3/ h, feeding (sending into batching) speed is 5 ~ 100g/min.And in order to produce stable plasma arcs, the parameter of plasma torch is also very crucial, the power of preferred plasma torch is 5 ~ 50kW, and it is flow 1 ~ 3m that gas occurs
3the argon gas of/h, limit gas is flow 1 ~ 20m
3the argon gas of/h, pressure limit is negative pressure 50 ~ 200 mm mercury column;
Finally, alloy body is imported in heat-exchanging chamber, and with gas solid separation room separated and collected pressed powder.The temperature of heat-exchanging chamber is by adding cold gas, logical cooling water or adding the modes such as heat-insulation layer to control on heat-exchanging chamber outer wall, and refrigerating gas selects the protective gas such as hydrogen or argon gas (can not use nitrogen), and cooling gas flow is preferably 1 ~ 35m
3/ h.By the control of above-mentioned parameter, can be formed dispersion better, (oxygen content is lower, is 0 ~ 0.13% for the minute spherical stainless steel powder of size uniform; Average grain diameter D50 is 5 ~ 50 microns).
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiment of the invention is described in detail.
Embodiment one
The present embodiment provides a kind of minute spherical stainless steel raw powder's production technology, comprises the steps:
A () chooses 316L stainless steel powder;
B () adopts argon gas, as carrier gas, stainless steel powder is sent in plasma torch melting of vaporizing, form alloy body, the flow 0.5m of carrier gas
3/ h, rate of feed is 5g/min, and the power of plasma torch is 50kW, and it is flow 1m that gas occurs
3the argon gas of/h, limit gas is flow 1m
3the argon gas of/h, pressure is negative pressure 200mm mercury column;
C alloy body is imported temperature by () is in the heat-exchanging chamber of 150 DEG C, and heat exchange adopts flow to be 1m
3the argon gas of/h carries out;
D minute spherical stainless steel powder is imported gas solid separation room and collects pressed powder by ().
Embodiment two
The present embodiment provides a kind of minute spherical stainless steel raw powder's production technology, comprises the steps:
A () is chosen C, Si, S, P, Fe, Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn element and is made into alloy pan feeding in proportion, wherein C≤0.03%, Si≤1%, Mn≤2%, P≤0.035%, S≤0.03%, Ni are 10% ~ 14%, Cr is 16% ~ 18%, Mo is 2% ~ 3%, and surplus is Fe(mass ratio);
B () adopts hydrogen, as carrier gas, alloy pan feeding is sent in plasma torch melting of vaporizing, form alloy body, the flow 5m of carrier gas
3/ h, rate of feed is 100g/min, and the power of plasma torch is 5kW, and it is flow 3m that gas occurs
3the argon gas of/h, limit gas is flow 20m
3the argon gas of/h, pressure is negative pressure 50mm mercury column;
C alloy body is imported temperature by () is in the heat-exchanging chamber of 150 DEG C, and heat exchange adopts flow to be 1 m
3the hydrogen of/h carries out;
D minute spherical stainless steel powder is imported gas solid separation room and collects pressed powder by ().
Embodiment three
The present embodiment provides a kind of minute spherical stainless steel raw powder's production technology, comprises the steps:
A () chooses 316L stainless steel powder;
B () adopts hydrogen, as carrier gas, stainless steel powder is sent in plasma torch melting of vaporizing, form alloy body, the flow 0.5m of hydrogen
3/ h, rate of feed is 5g/min, and the power of plasma torch is 50kW, and it is flow 1m that gas occurs
3the argon gas of/h, limit gas is flow 1m
3the argon gas of/h, pressure is negative pressure 80mm mercury column;
C alloy body is imported temperature by () is in the heat-exchanging chamber of 200 DEG C, and heat exchange adopts flow to be 35m
3the argon gas of/h carries out;
D minute spherical stainless steel powder is imported gas solid separation room and collects pressed powder by (), subsequently SEM(ESEM is carried out in its sample preparation) test.
As shown in Figure 2, stainless steel powder entirety is spherical in shape for test result, its domain size distribution narrower (5 ~ 10 microns), describe stainless steel powder size prepared by the present embodiment comparatively all with; And there is not agglomeration in Fig. 2, illustrate that stainless steel powder is uniformly dispersed, character is better.
Embodiment four
The present embodiment provides a kind of minute spherical stainless steel raw powder's production technology, comprises the steps:
A () chooses 316L stainless steel powder;
B () adopts hydrogen, as carrier gas, stainless steel powder is sent in plasma torch melting of vaporizing, form alloy body, the flow 2m of carrier gas
3/ h, rate of feed is 50g/min, and the power of plasma torch is 30kW, and it is flow 2m that gas occurs
3the argon gas of/h, limit gas is flow 10m
3the argon gas of/h, pressure is negative pressure 120mm mercury column;
C alloy body is imported temperature by () is in the heat-exchanging chamber of 300 DEG C, and heat exchange adopts flow to be 25m
3the hydrogen of/h carries out;
D minute spherical stainless steel powder is imported gas solid separation room and collects pressed powder by ().
Above-described embodiment, only for technical conceive of the present invention and feature are described, its object is to person skilled in the art can be understood content of the present invention and implement according to this, can not limit the scope of the invention with this.All equivalences done according to Spirit Essence of the present invention change or modify, and all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a minute spherical stainless steel raw powder's production technology, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
A () is chosen stainless steel powder or is made into alloy pan feeding with C, Si, S, P, Fe, Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn element;
B () adopts hydrogen or argon gas, as carrier gas, described stainless steel powder or alloy pan feeding are sent in plasma torch melting of vaporizing, form alloy body;
C described alloy body is carried out heat exchange by (), form minute spherical stainless steel powder;
D described minute spherical stainless steel powder is imported gas solid separation room and collects pressed powder by ().
2. the preparation method of superfine spherical titanium alloy powder according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (c), and described heat exchange method is for passing into cold gas, cooling water or add heat-insulation layer on heat-exchanging chamber outer wall.
3. the preparation method of superfine spherical titanium alloy powder according to claim 2, is characterized in that: in step (c), and described cold gas is hydrogen or argon gas, and described cooling gas flow is 1 ~ 35m
3/ h.
4. the preparation method of superfine spherical titanium alloy powder according to claim 3, is characterized in that: in step (b), the flow 0.5 ~ 5m of described carrier gas
3/ h, rate of feed is 5 ~ 100g/min.
5. the preparation method of superfine spherical titanium alloy powder according to claim 3, is characterized in that: in step (b), and the power of described plasma torch is 5 ~ 50kW, and it is flow 1 ~ 3m that gas occurs
3the argon gas of/h, limit gas is flow 1 ~ 20m
3the argon gas of/h, pressure limit is negative pressure 50 ~ 200 mm mercury column.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105562700A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-05-11 | 龙岩紫荆创新研究院 | Plasma preparation method of spherical titanium powder for 3D printing |
| CN105689728A (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2016-06-22 | 连云港倍特超微粉有限公司 | Device and method of producing metal alloy spherical powder for 3D printing |
| CN105817634A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-08-03 | 施嘉豪 | Device for preparing nanometer and micrometer particle size metal powder through non-transferred arc plasma torch |
| CN106141169A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2016-11-23 | 盐城市科瑞达科技咨询服务有限公司 | A kind of metal powder material for 3D printing and preparation method thereof |
| CN106319373A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2017-01-11 | 盐城市科瑞达科技咨询服务有限公司 | Micro spherical ferritic stainless steel powder and preparation method thereof |
| CN108393499A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-08-14 | 宝鸡市新福泉机械科技发展有限责任公司 | A kind of device and method that high energy and high speed plasma prepares globular metallic powder |
| CN108421984A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-08-21 | 广东正德材料表面科技有限公司 | A kind of powder of stainless steel and preparation method thereof for increasing material manufacturing |
| CN108526472A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-09-14 | 宝鸡市新福泉机械科技发展有限责任公司 | A kind of free arc system for spherical metal powder device and method |
| CN108608002A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-10-02 | 王海军 | A kind of device and method using high energy and high speed plasma flame flow nodularization powder |
| CN108620597A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-10-09 | 宝鸡市新福泉机械科技发展有限责任公司 | A kind of device and method that high energy plasma flame stream prepares spherical powder |
| CN113976897A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-01-28 | 北京科技大学 | Method for preparing P-containing high-strength stainless steel powder by two-flow atomization method |
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Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105562700A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-05-11 | 龙岩紫荆创新研究院 | Plasma preparation method of spherical titanium powder for 3D printing |
| CN105689728A (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2016-06-22 | 连云港倍特超微粉有限公司 | Device and method of producing metal alloy spherical powder for 3D printing |
| CN105689728B (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2018-10-23 | 连云港倍特超微粉有限公司 | A kind of devices and methods therefor producing 3D printing metal alloy spherical powder |
| CN105817634A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-08-03 | 施嘉豪 | Device for preparing nanometer and micrometer particle size metal powder through non-transferred arc plasma torch |
| CN108531824A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2018-09-14 | 刘可 | A kind of application of minute spherical ferritic stainless steel powder |
| CN106141169A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2016-11-23 | 盐城市科瑞达科技咨询服务有限公司 | A kind of metal powder material for 3D printing and preparation method thereof |
| CN106319373A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2017-01-11 | 盐城市科瑞达科技咨询服务有限公司 | Micro spherical ferritic stainless steel powder and preparation method thereof |
| CN106319373B (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2018-07-17 | 盐城市科瑞达科技咨询服务有限公司 | A kind of minute spherical ferritic stainless steel powder and preparation method thereof |
| CN106141169B (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2018-07-20 | 盐城市科瑞达科技咨询服务有限公司 | A kind of metal powder material and preparation method thereof for 3D printing |
| CN108660375A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2018-10-16 | 刘可 | A kind of application of metal powder material in 3D printing |
| CN108421984A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-08-21 | 广东正德材料表面科技有限公司 | A kind of powder of stainless steel and preparation method thereof for increasing material manufacturing |
| CN108608002A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-10-02 | 王海军 | A kind of device and method using high energy and high speed plasma flame flow nodularization powder |
| CN108620597A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-10-09 | 宝鸡市新福泉机械科技发展有限责任公司 | A kind of device and method that high energy plasma flame stream prepares spherical powder |
| CN108526472A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-09-14 | 宝鸡市新福泉机械科技发展有限责任公司 | A kind of free arc system for spherical metal powder device and method |
| CN108393499A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-08-14 | 宝鸡市新福泉机械科技发展有限责任公司 | A kind of device and method that high energy and high speed plasma prepares globular metallic powder |
| CN113976897A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-01-28 | 北京科技大学 | Method for preparing P-containing high-strength stainless steel powder by two-flow atomization method |
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