CN105081337A - Method and device for preparing fine spherical metal powder through high-frequency supersonic plasma gas - Google Patents
Method and device for preparing fine spherical metal powder through high-frequency supersonic plasma gas Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and device for preparing fine spherical metal powder through high-frequency supersonic plasma gas. The device for preparing the metal powder is provided with a vacuum atomizing chamber, a vacuum stepless speed-regulating multi-directional wire feeding chamber, a vacuumizing exhaust system and a single-stage multi-stage high-frequency supersonic plasma generator and carries out asymmetric cutting type melting and atomizing, wherein the vacuum atomizing chamber is provided with a gas-powder separation filter, a cooling water jacket device and a powder outlet. The whole device is small in occupied area, simple and compact in structure, fully closed, easy to operate, little in investment and low in operation cost. The defects that a method and device for preparing metal powder in the prior art are large in investment and high in production cost and can not achieve industrialization and commercialization are overcome.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to powder metallurgy preparing technical field, be specifically related to a kind of high frequency supersonic speed plasma gas and prepare fine ball-type metal powder method and device.
Background technology
In recent years, metal powder metallurgy parts injection moulding production technology, metal material surface cladding reparation and spraying technology have entered the stable development stage.The front line sciences such as metal dust 3D printing technique, 3D laser forming technology, 3D electron beam forming technique are also in fast development, under this background its metal dust raw material are had higher requirement, the foundation stone that the high-quality of the chemical purity of metal dust product, spherical rate, particle size and its distribution will be hi tech market industrialization.At present, the production technology of high-test metal spherical powder mainly gas atomization and plasma rotating electrode process.Gas atomization mainly contains high-frequency induction aerosolization method, Medium frequency induction crucible melting aerosolization method, plasma ultrasonic aerosolization method, High temperature ion body atomization according to the mode difference of deposite metal.Wherein plasma rotating electrode process is limited to rotating speed and auxiliary and the powder size of producing is thick, and production cost is high should not widely popularize, high-frequency induction aerosolization method, Medium frequency induction crucible melting aerosolization method are limited to melt flow velocity and the control of fluid difficulty, and gas nozzle structure is complicated, and gas effciency is low, and the powder fine powder of production is few, and it is high to invest large production cost, plasma ultrasonic aerosolization method is limited to dynamic tracking control and the serialization mass production of supersonic generator, High temperature ion body atomization is the method that fusing atomization integration is carried out powder process by the high temperatures and certain air velocity characteristic utilizing plasma to possess, but, there is a lot of weak point in this High temperature ion body atomization: one is that the argon gas passing into continuously cooling in atomisation tower carries out heat exchange cooling argon gas can be lossy on the one hand, the argon gas of a large amount of cooling becomes a large amount of argon gas needed for high-temperature plasma focal area to make system gas consumption very large with in order to ensure symmetrical plasma rectangle on the other hand, so just need very strong argon gas filtration, purification to reclaim pressurized recirculation and utilize system, cause investment large, production run cost is high, have in atomisation tower is that hyperbaric environment affects plasma torch air velocity all the time again, length, size powder conglutinating machine can increase, two is that symmetrical plasma rectangle becomes high-temperature plasma focal area, diameter is that plasma focus highest temperature district directly sent into by 5mm curled hair or bar, it is moment the time of staying that raw material a large amount of are like this melted in rapidly plasma focus highest temperature district, be difficult to ensure melting charge refinement percentage of damage, the utilization rate that plasma torch forms high-temperature plasma is low.Above-mentioned defect, constrains metal powder metallurgy parts further developing to higher field, is therefore necessary to propose to improve.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solves: provide a kind of high frequency supersonic speed plasma gas to prepare fine ball-type metal powder method and device, prepares that the investment of metal dust method and apparatus is large, production cost is high and cannot defect and the deficiency such as industrialization commercialization to overcome in prior art.
The technical solution used in the present invention: high frequency supersonic speed plasma gas prepares the device of fine ball-type metal powder, there is vacuumizing and exhausting system, the arrival end of described vacuumizing and exhausting system is communicated with vacuum system, a port of export of vacuumizing and exhausting system is communicated with vacuum atomizing chamber inlet end, described vacuum atomizing room outer edge surface is provided with the cooling jacket device of segmented independent loops, and the water inlet of described cooling jacket device is communicated with water inlet with the delivery port of water-cooling system respectively with delivery port; Another port of export and the wire feed vacuum chamber of installing the multidirectional wire feed system of vacuum stepless speed regulation of vacuumizing and exhausting system, be provided with the plasma generator vacuum chamber of the accommodation single-stage multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma generator be communicated with it in described wire feed vacuum chamber.
Further, described vacuum atomizing room carries gas powder separator-filter and meal outlet.
Wherein, described cooling jacket device is made up of cooling jacket I and cooling jacket II, the overall tapered structure in described vacuum atomizing room, and the taper small end place of vacuum atomizing room is located at by described cooling jacket I, and cooling jacket I is provided with water inlet I and delivery port I; The large end place of taper that vacuum atomizing room is located at by described cooling jacket II, cooling jacket II is provided with water inlet II and delivery port II, above-mentioned water inlet I is communicated with water inlet with the delivery port of water-cooling system with delivery port II respectively with delivery port I, water inlet II, and the outer edge surface of vacuum atomizing room wraps up by cooling jacket I and cooling jacket II.
Also provide a kind of high frequency supersonic speed plasma gas to prepare the method for fine ball-type metal powder, comprise following step:
1) metal wire material got ready is coiled be installed in the multidirectional wire feed system of vacuum stepless speed regulation;
2) single-stage multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma generator is arranged in the raw device vacuum chamber of plasma, and the silk head rest that metal wire material is coiled is closely by the rifle head of single-stage multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma generator;
3) connect the water-cooling system of plasma power supply and high-purity argon gas cylinder and cooling jacket device, shut the meal outlet of vacuum atomizing room, start that vacuumizing and exhausting system makes wire feed vacuum chamber, the vacuum of plasma generator vacuum chamber and vacuum atomizing room reaches 1*10
-3pa;
4) single-stage multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma generator and the multidirectional wire feed system of vacuum stepless speed regulation is opened, wire head is admitted in the high frequency supersonic speed plasma gas flame of single-stage multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma device, and high frequency supersonic speed plasma gas flame asymmetricly becomes ladder cutting wire head and molten drop bundle with silk head axes normal or wide-angle thus reach micro-
amountfusing adds that plasma gas dither ripple and supersonic velocity are impacted aerosol dispersion and become fine droplets that molten drop is fully atomized;
5) drop of fully atomization is directly blown into vacuum atomizing room by supersonic speed argon gas, and drop cooling curing under the effect of cooling jacket device of atomization becomes attritive powder, and discharges from meal outlet after being separated by the gas powder separator-filter that vacuum atomizing room carries.
Above-mentioned steps 1) in, the diameter of described metal wire material is not more than 2mm.
Above-mentioned steps 2) in, described single-stage multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma generator has single negative electrode high frequency supersonic speed plasma gun generator and three negative electrode high frequency supersonic speed plasma gun generators.
The present invention's advantage compared with prior art:
1, the powder that the method is produced has that purity is high, fine size, distribution are concentrated, outward appearance feature spherical in shape;
2, the present invention adopts the vacuum atomizing room carrying gas powder separator-filter, cooling jacket and meal outlet, what the multidirectional wire feeding chamber of vacuum stepless speed regulation, vacuumizing and exhausting system, the asymmetric cutting type fusing of single-stage multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma generator were atomized prepares metal dust device, package unit takes up an area little, simple and compact for structure, total closed type, easy to operate, small investment, operating cost is low;
3) while of multi-direction multi-filament material, wire feed can make full use of plasma gas heat energy, greatly improves production capacity, reduces production cost;
4) drop be atomized cooling curing under the effect of cooling jacket becomes attritive powder, and is separated by the gas powder separator-filter that vacuum atomizing room carries.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is apparatus structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1, a kind of embodiment of the present invention is described.
High frequency supersonic speed plasma gas prepares the device of fine ball-type metal powder, there is vacuumizing and exhausting system 1, the arrival end of described vacuumizing and exhausting system 1 is communicated with vacuum system, a port of export of vacuumizing and exhausting system 1 is communicated with vacuum atomizing room 6 arrival end, described vacuum atomizing room 6 outer edge surface is provided with the cooling jacket device 5 of segmented independent loops, and the water inlet of described cooling jacket device 5 is communicated with water inlet with the delivery port of water-cooling system respectively with delivery port; Another port of export of vacuumizing and exhausting system 1 is communicated with the wire feed vacuum chamber 3 installing the multidirectional wire feed system 2 of vacuum stepless speed regulation, is provided with the plasma generator vacuum chamber 4 of the accommodation single-stage multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma generator 7 be communicated with it in described wire feed vacuum chamber 3; Above-mentioned vacuum atomizing room 6 carries gas powder separator-filter 8 and meal outlet 9.
Above-mentioned cooling jacket device 5 is made up of cooling jacket I 10 and cooling jacket II 11, the overall tapered structure in described vacuum atomizing room 6, the taper small end place of vacuum atomizing room 6 is located at by described cooling jacket I 10, and cooling jacket I 10 is provided with water inlet I 12 and delivery port I 13; The large end place of taper that vacuum atomizing room 6 is located at by described cooling jacket II 11, cooling jacket II 11 is provided with water inlet II 14 and delivery port II 15, above-mentioned water inlet I 12 is communicated with water inlet with the delivery port of water-cooling system with delivery port II 15 respectively with delivery port I 13, water inlet II 14, and the outer edge surface of vacuum atomizing room 6 wraps up by cooling jacket I 10 and cooling jacket II 11.
Also provide a kind of high frequency supersonic speed plasma gas to prepare the method for fine ball-type metal powder, comprise following step:
1, the metal wire material got ready is coiled be installed in the multidirectional wire feed system 7 of vacuum stepless speed regulation; The diameter of described metal wire material is not more than 2mm, so that fusing atomization fully; In the present embodiment, for Ti silk material;
2, single-stage multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma generator 7 is arranged in the raw device vacuum chamber 4 of plasma, and the silk head rest that metal wire material is coiled is closely by the rifle head of single-stage multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma generator 7; Described single-stage multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma generator 7 has single negative electrode high frequency supersonic speed plasma gun generator and three negative electrode high frequency supersonic speed plasma gun generators;
3, connect the water-cooling system of plasma power supply and high-purity argon gas cylinder and cooling jacket device 5, No leakage is the prerequisite ensureing product quality, and logical circulating water cooling system is simple, energy-conservation, manageable; Shut the meal outlet of vacuum atomizing room 6, start that vacuumizing and exhausting system 1 makes wire feed vacuum chamber 3, the vacuum of plasma generator vacuum chamber 4 and vacuum atomizing room 6 reaches 1*10
-3pa; Early stage is vacuumizing and exhausting system 1 take out spray chamber vacuum, and the key of later stage guarantee negative pressure exhaust is also the key ensureing product quality;
4, single-stage multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma generator 7 and the multidirectional wire feed system 2 of vacuum stepless speed regulation is opened, wire head is admitted in the high frequency supersonic speed plasma gas flame of single-stage multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma device 7, and high frequency supersonic speed plasma gas flame asymmetricly becomes ladder cutting wire head and molten drop bundle with silk head axes normal or wide-angle thus reach micro-
amountfusing adds that plasma gas dither ripple and supersonic velocity are impacted aerosol dispersion and become fine droplets that molten drop is fully atomized;
5, the drop of fully atomization is directly blown into vacuum atomizing room 6 by supersonic speed argon gas, drop cooling curing under the effect of cooling jacket device 5 of atomization becomes attritive powder, and be separated by the gas powder separator-filter that vacuum atomizing room 6 carries, the fine high pure spherical titanium metal powder being less than 100um can be collected in cleaning vacuum atomizing room 6.
The metal dust product that technology of the present invention and equipment are produced is not confined to titanium
Above-described embodiment, just preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not used for limiting the scope of the present invention, therefore all equivalence changes done with content described in the claims in the present invention, all should be included within the claims in the present invention scope.
Claims (6)
1. high frequency supersonic speed plasma gas prepares the device of fine ball-type metal powder, there is vacuumizing and exhausting system (1), it is characterized in that: the arrival end of described vacuumizing and exhausting system (1) is communicated with vacuum system, a port of export of vacuumizing and exhausting system (1) is communicated with vacuum atomizing room (6) arrival end, described vacuum atomizing room (6) outer edge surface is provided with the cooling jacket device (5) of segmented independent loops, and the water inlet of described cooling jacket device (5) is communicated with water inlet with the delivery port of water-cooling system respectively with delivery port; Another port of export of vacuumizing and exhausting system (1) is communicated with the wire feed vacuum chamber (3) installing the multidirectional wire feed system of vacuum stepless speed regulation (2), is provided with the plasma generator vacuum chamber (4) of accommodation single-stage multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma generator (7) be communicated with it in described wire feed vacuum chamber (3).
2. high frequency supersonic speed plasma gas according to claim 1 prepares the device of fine ball-type metal powder, it is characterized in that: described vacuum atomizing room (6) carries gas powder separator-filter (8) and meal outlet (9).
3. high frequency supersonic speed plasma gas according to claim 1 prepares the device of fine ball-type metal powder, it is characterized in that: described cooling jacket device (5) is made up of cooling jacket I (10) and cooling jacket II (11), the overall tapered structure of described vacuum atomizing room (6), the taper small end place of vacuum atomizing room (6) is located at by described cooling jacket I (10), and cooling jacket I (10) is provided with water inlet I (12) and delivery port I (13); The large end place of taper that vacuum atomizing room (6) is located at by described cooling jacket II (11), cooling jacket II (11) is provided with water inlet II (14) and delivery port II (15), above-mentioned water inlet I (12) is communicated with water inlet with the delivery port of water-cooling system with delivery port II (15) respectively with delivery port I (13), water inlet II (14), and the outer edge surface of vacuum atomizing room (6) wraps up by cooling jacket I (10) and cooling jacket II (11).
4. utilize claim 1 or the device high frequency supersonic speed plasma gas described in 2 or 3 to prepare the method for fine ball-type metal powder, it is characterized in that comprising following step:
1) metal wire material got ready is coiled be installed in the multidirectional wire feed system of vacuum stepless speed regulation (7);
2) single-stage multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma generator (7) is arranged in raw device vacuum chamber (4) of plasma, and the silk head rest that metal wire material is coiled is closely by the rifle head of single-stage multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma generator (7);
3) water-cooling system of plasma power supply and high-purity argon gas cylinder and cooling jacket device (5) is connected, shut the meal outlet of vacuum atomizing room (6), start that vacuumizing and exhausting system (1) makes wire feed vacuum chamber (3), the vacuum of plasma generator vacuum chamber (4) and vacuum atomizing room (6) reaches 1*10
-3pa;
4) single-stage multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma generator (7) and the multidirectional wire feed system of vacuum stepless speed regulation (2) is opened, wire head is admitted in the high frequency supersonic speed plasma gas flame of single-stage multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma device (7), and high frequency supersonic speed plasma gas flame asymmetricly becomes with silk head axes normal or wide-angle ladder cutting wire head with molten drop bundle thus reach microfusion to add that plasma gas dither ripple and supersonic velocity are impacted aerosol dispersion and become fine droplets that molten drop is fully atomized;
5) drop of fully atomization is directly blown into vacuum atomizing room (6) by supersonic speed argon gas, drop cooling curing under the effect of cooling jacket device (5) of atomization becomes attritive powder, and discharges from meal outlet after being separated by the gas powder separator-filter that vacuum atomizing room (6) carry.
5. high frequency supersonic speed plasma gas according to claim 4 prepares the method for fine ball-type metal powder, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned steps 1) in, the diameter of described metal wire material is not more than 2mm.
6. high frequency supersonic speed plasma gas according to claim 4 prepares the method for fine ball-type metal powder, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned steps 2) in, described single-stage multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma generator (7) has single negative electrode high frequency supersonic speed plasma gun generator and three negative electrode high frequency supersonic speed plasma gun generators.
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| CN105057689A (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2015-11-18 | 山西卓锋钛业有限公司 | Device and method for preparing superfine micro-spherical titanium powder for 3D printing |
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| CN106041107A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2016-10-26 | 赵文天 | Gas atomization powder production equipment and powder production method thereof |
| CN107282936A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-10-24 | 深圳微纳增材技术有限公司 | Prepare the device and method of metal dust |
| CN107983965A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-04 | 宝鸡市博信金属材料有限公司 | High-temperature plasma aerosolization superfine spherical metal powder preparation method and equipment |
| CN108405873A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-08-17 | 白西燕 | A kind of nanometer metal micropowder preparation method and its preparation system |
| CN108526472A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-09-14 | 宝鸡市新福泉机械科技发展有限责任公司 | A kind of free arc system for spherical metal powder device and method |
| CN110834099A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-02-25 | 沈阳工业大学 | Plasma intermediate wire feeding gas atomization powder making nozzle and use method thereof |
| CN113600823A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-11-05 | 江苏天楹等离子体科技有限公司 | Laminar plasma atomized metal powder production equipment and production method thereof |
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| CN113600823A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-11-05 | 江苏天楹等离子体科技有限公司 | Laminar plasma atomized metal powder production equipment and production method thereof |
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