CN104493189B - Metal powder preparation method based on controllable magnetic suspension melting technique and device - Google Patents
Metal powder preparation method based on controllable magnetic suspension melting technique and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104493189B CN104493189B CN201510012973.1A CN201510012973A CN104493189B CN 104493189 B CN104493189 B CN 104493189B CN 201510012973 A CN201510012973 A CN 201510012973A CN 104493189 B CN104493189 B CN 104493189B
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- tinsel
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of metal powder preparation method based on controllable magnetic suspension melting technique and device.The method comprises the following steps: to make one end wiry at the uniform velocity pass through electromagnetic field；Tinsel heats up fusing in electromagnetic field, and forms molten drop continuously；Molten drop instills aerosolization region continuously；Molten drop impact is broken up in aerosolization region by high-voltage high-speed noble gas, and cooling forms metal dust.Device includes: vacuum cavity；The pair roller being arranged in vacuum cavity, two rollers axially in parallel, the direction of rotation of two rollers is contrary, and the gap between the surfaces of revolution of two rollers matches with diameter wiry；The quartz glass tube of the equal opening in two ends, one end of quartz glass tube is connected with tinsel outlet, and the other end is sequentially connected with aerosolization nozzle, powder catcher；Coil it is wound with outside quartz glass tube.The flow velocity of energy stability contorting molten metal bath of the present invention, it is possible to meet industrial production demand.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to smelting in suspension field, in particular to one based on controlled magnetcisuspension
The metal powder preparation method of floating melting technique and device.
Background technology
Powder size prepared by aerosolization technology is tiny, sphericity is high, oxygen content is low, at present
It it is the important method producing high performance spherical metal dust.The production principle of aerosolization technology is
Utilize gases at high pressure that the pyrosol of high temperature melting is melted into tiny metal dust.
Generally gas-atomized powder device uses the mode of crucible for smelting, the most first by metal at crucible
In melted, then motlten metal is poured onto in guiding device, the metal flowed out from pod apertures melts
Liquid rapid disperse under the effect of high-voltage high-speed airflow forms attritive powder.This technology is used for making
Standby metal powder with low melting point is feasible, but is used to prepare high-melting-point, active metal powder
There is also the problem being difficult to overcome.Main cause be the higher motlten metal of activity at high temperature
Chemical reaction can occur after contacting with crucible and guiding device, cause ablation in stove, metal is pure
Degree declines, and therefore cannot be carried out commercial production.Such as, titanium or titanium alloy powder prepare mesh
Before still can not realize by aerosolization technology.In order to solve this problem, prior art goes out
Two kinds of major ways are showed: cold crucible levitation melting and from smelting in suspension.
Cold crucible levitation melting technology can realize being melted metal in fusion process and be in suspension
State, but in casting process, still cannot be avoided contacting of metalliferous material and crucible.And from
Levitation melting techniques can remain the contactless state of motlten metal, but cannot stablize
Control the flow velocity of molten metal bath, thus industrial production demand can not be met.
In view of this, the special proposition present invention.
Summary of the invention
The first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of gold based on controllable magnetic suspension melting technique
Belonging to powder preparation method, it can be with the flow velocity of stability contorting molten metal bath, it is achieved produced
Journey controlledization, it is possible to meet industrial production demand.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of gold based on controllable magnetic suspension melting technique
Belonging to powder preparing unit, it is applicable to high-melting-point, the preparation of active metal powder, Ke Yiwen
Surely the flow velocity of molten metal bath is controlled, it is achieved production process controlledization, it is possible to meet industrialization
Production requirement.
In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, spy by the following technical solutions:
A kind of metal powder preparation method based on controllable magnetic suspension melting technique, for by gold
Belong to silk and be prepared as metal dust；It comprises the following steps:
One end wiry is made at the uniform velocity to pass through electromagnetic field；
Tinsel heats up fusing in electromagnetic field, and forms molten drop continuously；
Molten drop instills aerosolization region continuously；
Molten drop impact is broken up in aerosolization region by high-voltage high-speed noble gas；
Molten drop cools down after being broken up by impact, forms metal dust；
Above-mentioned carry out the most under vacuum.
Raw material used by said method is wire form, has the most both been easily controlled charging
Quality, is also easily controlled the speed of charging.Make one end wiry at the uniform velocity pass through electromagnetism simultaneously
Field areas, thus just can form molten drop continuously, i.e. with fixing speed shape
Becoming molten drop, this molten drop instills aerosolization region the most continuously, high at high pressure
The effect of speed noble gas mists and turns to metal dust.As can be seen here, by controlling tinsel
Enter the speed of electromagnetic field to be obtained with required stablizing lasting metal liquid stream,
Metal dust is obtained eventually with certain production efficiency.
A kind of apparatus for preparing metal powder based on controllable magnetic suspension melting technique, including:
Vacuum cavity, vacuum cavity is provided with bleeding point and tinsel outlet, and bleeding point connects true
Empty air extractor；
The pair roller being arranged in vacuum cavity, two rollers axially in parallel, two rollings
The direction of rotation of wheel is contrary, and the gap between the surfaces of revolution of two rollers with wiry directly
Footpath matches；Gap between the surfaces of revolution of two described rollers exports phase with described tinsel
Logical；
The quartz glass tube of the equal opening in two ends, one end of quartz glass tube is with tinsel outlet even
Connecing, the other end is sequentially connected with aerosolization nozzle, powder catcher；
Coil it is wound with outside quartz glass tube.
Said apparatus and metal dust system based on controllable magnetic suspension melting technique mentioned above
The know-why of Preparation Method is identical, particularly as follows: in vacuum cavity, by one end wiry
Gap through two rollers, along with the rotation of two rollers, tinsel be driven into
Enter in quartz glass tube；Owing to being wound with coil, therefore quartz glass tube outside quartz glass tube
Interior is electromagnetic field, and tinsel enters one end intensification fusing in this region at first and forms one
Determine the molten bag of suspended metal of volume and quality, during persistently feeding and melting, metal
Molten bag is constantly grown up, during until the gravity born bottom it is more than the surface tension of this position,
Metal liquid drips downwards, controls feed rate consistent with drippage speed, is then formed and stably hold
Continuous metal liquid stream.This metal liquid stream can be drip, it is also possible to be continuous beam, when
When molten drop is by aerosolization nozzle, by high-voltage high-speed inertia near air-flow focal position
Gas impact is broken up, and rapid disperse is also cooled into attritive powder, and powder falls into powder and collects
In device.The above-mentioned all contactless states of whole process, control the rotary speed of roller
Produce and stablize lasting metal liquid stream.
Further, it is additionally provided with in vacuum cavity into a guide pin bushing and wire vent guide pin bushing；Tinsel exists
Under the drive of two rollers, sequentially pass through into the gap between a guide pin bushing, two rollers, go out
Silk guide pin bushing and tinsel outlet.
Further, a guide pin bushing, wire vent guide pin bushing and the axis collinear of quartz glass tube are entered.
Further, being additionally provided with roll shaft in vacuum cavity, tinsel is wound on roll shaft.
Further, coil is divided into along the length direction of quartz glass tube: preheating coil,
Balance heating coil and suspension control coil；
Preheating coil is for heating preliminary to tinsel；
Balance heating coil, for heating further to tinsel, makes the metal suspension melted；
Suspension control coil is for providing the funnel magnetically confined space of a V-shaped.
Further, the bottom of powder catcher is provided with valve.
Further, it is provided with temperature sensor in quartz glass tube.
Further, vacuum cavity and powder catcher are equipped with watch window.
Further, it is equipped with temperature sensor, pressure in vacuum cavity and in powder catcher
Force transducer.
Compared with prior art, the invention have the benefit that
(1) pass through to retrain tinsel into a guide pin bushing and wire vent guide pin bushing, can be more smart to tinsel
Certainly position, improves powder feeding efficiency.
(2) when entering the axis collinear of a guide pin bushing, described wire vent guide pin bushing and described quartz glass tube,
Tinsel can be made to be in linear state, and tensile force improves, and feeding efficiency is higher, during unit
Interior refining quality is more homogeneous.
(3) it is wound around tinsel by roll shaft, can further improve tensile force wiry, control
The rotary speed of roll shaft processed so that it is consistent with the rotary speed of roller, it is possible to achieve whole enter
Expected process automation.
(4) it is arranged to coil preheat coil, balance heating coil and suspension control coil three
Part, both can improve melting rate, can improve again suspension effect.Wherein, described pre-
Heat coil is used for heating preliminary to tinsel；Described balance heating coil is for entering tinsel
One step heating, makes the metal suspension melted；Described suspension control coil is for providing a V
The funnel magnetically confined space of font, to provide enough suspending powers.
(5) bottom of powder catcher is provided with valve, is conveniently transported by product.
(6) in quartz glass tube, in vacuum cavity and in described powder catcher, temperature is set
Sensor or pressure transducer, conveniently measure monitoring in real time.
(7) visualization is realized by the watch window on vacuum cavity and powder catcher.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, with
Lower the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art will be briefly described.
The metal dust system based on controllable magnetic suspension melting technique that Fig. 1 provides for embodiment 2
The structural representation of standby device；
The metal dust system based on controllable magnetic suspension melting technique that Fig. 2 provides for embodiment 3
The structural representation of standby device；
Fig. 3 is the enlarged drawing of the local A of Fig. 2；
Reference:
1-tinsel；2-bleeding point；3-roller；4-quartz glass tube；5-coil；6-metal
Silk outlet；The molten bag of 7-metal；8-aerosolization nozzle；9-metal dust；10-vacuum cavity；
11-powder catcher；12-metal liquid stream；13-valve；14-seal head；15-enters a guide pin bushing；
16-wire vent guide pin bushing；
501-preheats coil；502-balance heating coil；503-suspension control coil.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, embodiment of the present invention are described in detail, but this
Skilled person is it will be appreciated that the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and should not regard
For limiting the scope of the present invention.Unreceipted actual conditions person in embodiment, according to normal condition
Or the condition of manufacturer's suggestion is carried out.Agents useful for same or instrument unreceipted production firm person, all
For the conventional products that can be obtained by commercially available purchase.
Embodiment 1
A kind of metal powder preparation method based on controllable magnetic suspension melting technique, including following
Step:
The first step: make one end wiry at the uniform velocity pass through electromagnetic field.
Second step: tinsel heats up fusing in electromagnetic field, and is formed continuously
Molten drop.
3rd step: molten drop instills aerosolization region continuously.
4th step: molten drop impact is beaten in aerosolization region by high-voltage high-speed noble gas
Dissipate.
5th step: molten drop cools down after being broken up by impact, forms metal dust.
Above-mentioned generally carry out under vacuum in steps, this is because generally metal can be with
Some composition generation chemical reaction in air, component changes.
It is production wiry that said method is applicable to raw material, uses tinsel the most easily to control
The quality of system charging, is also easily controlled the speed of charging.Specifically, one end wiry is even
Speed just can form molten drop, i.e. with fixing speed continuously by electromagnetic field
Degree forms molten drop, and this molten drop instills aerosolization region the most continuously, at height
The effect of pressure high velocity inert gas mists and turns to metal dust.Wherein, charging rate is adjusted (i.e.
Charging rate wiry) so that it is adapt to the magnetic field intensity of electromagnetic field, can obtain steady
Fixed lasting metal liquid stream, thus obtain controlled production efficiency, meet industrialized production need
Ask.
Said method can be realized by multiple device, such as example 2 below and 3.
Embodiment 2
A kind of apparatus for preparing metal powder based on controllable magnetic suspension melting technique, such as Fig. 1 institute
Show, including:
Vacuum cavity 10, vacuum cavity 10 is provided with bleeding point 2 and tinsel outlet 6, takes out
QI KOU 2 connects vacuum suction device；
The pair roller 3 being arranged in vacuum cavity 10, two rollers 3 axially in parallel,
The direction of rotation of two rollers 3 is contrary, and the gap between the surfaces of revolution of two rollers 3 with
The diameter of tinsel 1 matches；Gap between the surfaces of revolution of two rollers 3 and tinsel
Outlet communicates；
The quartz glass tube 4 of the equal opening in two ends, one end of quartz glass tube 4 goes out with tinsel
Mouth connects, and the other end is sequentially connected with aerosolization nozzle 8, powder catcher 11；
It is wound with outside quartz glass tube 4 for motlten metal silk and the coil of suspended metal drop
5。
Said apparatus is identical with the know-why of metal powder preparation method mentioned above, all
Can be used for preparing high-melting-point, activity metal dust, such as can prepare fusing point is
The metal of 1000-2500 DEG C, is particularly suited for preparing titanium or titanium alloy powder.Specific works is former
Reason is:
Start vacuum suction device, vacuum cavity 10, quartz glass tube 4 and powder are collected
The confined space of device 11 composition is pumped into high vacuum state, and (concrete vacuum can be according to metal species
And purity requirement suitably adjusts)；In vacuum cavity 10, one end of tinsel 1 is passed
Gap between two rollers 3, along with the rotation of two rollers 3, tinsel 1 is driven
In tinsel outlet 6 entrance quartz glass tube 4；It is wound around owing to quartz glass tube 4 is outer
Having coil 5, be therefore internally formed an electromagnetic field, tinsel 1 enters at first should
Heat up fusing form the suspended metal of certain volume and quality and melt bag 7 for the one end in region,
During persistently feeding and melting, the molten bag 7 of metal is constantly grown up, until being held bottom it
When the gravity being subject to is more than the surface tension of this position, metal liquid drips downwards, controls charging
Speed is consistent with drippage speed, then formed and stablize lasting metal liquid stream 12.This molten metal
Stream 12 can be drip, it is also possible to is continuous beam, when molten drop is by aerosolization nozzle
When 8, broken up, the most more by the impact of high-voltage high-speed noble gas near air-flow focal position
Dissipating and be cooled into refining metallic powder 9, powder falls in powder catcher 11.Above-mentioned whole
The all contactless states of individual process, and can produce and stablize lasting metal liquid stream 12.
Wherein it is possible to increase overload protection for roller 3, improve equipment safety.
It should be noted that the quartz glass tube 4 in said apparatus also can replace by other material
Generation, as long as meeting following condition: non-conductive, high temperature resistant, it is difficult to occur chemistry anti-with metal
Should.
Embodiment 3
A kind of apparatus for preparing metal powder based on controllable magnetic suspension melting technique, such as Fig. 2 and
Shown in 3, including:
Vacuum cavity 10, vacuum cavity 10 is provided with bleeding point 2 and tinsel outlet 6, takes out
QI KOU 2 connects vacuum suction device；
It is provided with roll shaft in vacuum cavity 10, enters a guide pin bushing 15, wire vent guide pin bushing 16 and a pair rolling
Wheel 3, two rollers 3 axially in parallel, the direction of rotation of two rollers 3 is contrary, and two
Gap between the surfaces of revolution of individual roller 3 matches with the diameter of tinsel 1；Enter a guide pin bushing
15, wire vent guide pin bushing 16 and the axis collinear of quartz glass tube 4；Tinsel 1 is wound in roll shaft
On, the tinsel 1 being wound on roll shaft under the drive of two rollers 3, sequentially pass through into
Gap, wire vent guide pin bushing 16 and tinsel outlet 6 between silk 15, two rollers 3 of guide pin bushing；
The quartz glass tube 4 of the equal opening in two ends, one end of quartz glass tube 4 goes out with tinsel
Mouth connects, and the other end is sequentially connected with aerosolization nozzle 8, powder catcher 11；
Coil 5 it is wound with outside quartz glass tube 4；Coil 5 is along the length of quartz glass tube 4
Direction is divided into: preheating coil 501, balance heating coil 502 and suspension control coil
503；Preheating coil 501 is for tentatively heating tinsel 1；Balance heating coil 502
For tinsel 1 is heated further, make the metal suspension melted；Suspension control coil 503
For providing the funnel magnetically confined space of a V-shaped.
It addition, the bottom of powder catcher 11 is provided with valve 13.In quartz glass tube 4,
It is equipped with temperature sensor, pressure transducer in vacuum cavity 10 and in powder catcher 11.
Vacuum cavity 10 and powder catcher 11 are equipped with watch window.
Compared with Example 2, the present embodiment also has following technical effect that
(1) feed more automatization, precision, be mainly reflected in following some:
It is wound around tinsel 1 by roll shaft, can further improve the tensile force of tinsel 1, control
The rotary speed of roll shaft processed so that it is consistent with the rotary speed of roller 3, it is possible to achieve whole
Fill process automatization；Filament failure can also be avoided；
Tinsel 1 is retrained by entering a guide pin bushing 15 and wire vent guide pin bushing 16, can be to tinsel 1
More precise positioning, improves powder feeding efficiency；
When entering the axis collinear of a guide pin bushing 15, wire vent guide pin bushing 16 and quartz glass tube 4, can
So that tinsel 1 is in linear state, tensile force improves, and feeding efficiency is higher, during unit
Interior refining quality is more homogeneous.It should be noted in any case that enter a guide pin bushing 15, wire vent guide pin bushing 16
Internal diameter generally diameter with tinsel 1 match.
During above arrangement works, the motor of roll shaft uses variable speed drives, and roller 3 uses constant speed
Driving, work can be more stable.
(2) efficiency of heating surface and suspension effect are promoted:
Thermal effect is added by preheating coil 501 and balance 502 liang of heater wire circle step heating raising
Rate；And the control coil 503 that suspends can provide the funnel magnetically confined space of a V-shaped,
Promote suspension effect.
(3) discharging is more convenient:
The bottom of powder catcher 11 is provided with valve 13, is conveniently transported by product.It addition,
Powder catcher 11 can also arrange a seal head 14 again, to improve sealing effectiveness.
(4) realize monitoring in real time:
Visualization is realized by the watch window on vacuum cavity 10 and powder catcher 11；
Utilize the temperature in the temperature sensor or pressure transducer real-time measurement apparatus arranged, pressure
Deng.
As can be seen here, the device that embodiment 3 provides is easier to realize quality control.Certainly,
On this basis, it is possible to improve further, to improve product quality or production efficiency.Such as,
Increase cooling structure (water-cooling structure etc.), be used for cooling down coil, powder catcher etc.；Or
The mechanical component of other routine of this area.
Although illustrate and describing the present invention with specific embodiment, but it will be appreciated that
May be made that without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention many other change and
Amendment.It is, therefore, intended that include in the following claims belonging in the scope of the invention
All such changes and modifications.
Claims (9)
1. an apparatus for preparing metal powder based on controllable magnetic suspension melting technique, its feature
It is, including:
Vacuum cavity, described vacuum cavity be provided with bleeding point and tinsel outlet, described in bleed
Mouth connects vacuum suction device；
The pair roller being arranged in described vacuum cavity, two described rollers axially in parallel,
The direction of rotation of two described rollers is contrary, and the seam between the surfaces of revolution of two described rollers
Gap matches with diameter wiry；Gap between the surfaces of revolution of two described rollers and institute
State tinsel outlet to communicate；
The quartz glass tube of the equal opening in two ends, one end of described quartz glass tube and described metal
Silk outlet connects, and the other end is sequentially connected with aerosolization nozzle, powder catcher；
It is wound with coil outside described quartz glass tube.
Metal dust based on controllable magnetic suspension melting technique the most according to claim 1
Preparation facilities, it is characterised in that be additionally provided with in described vacuum cavity and lead into a guide pin bushing and wire vent
Set；Tinsel under the drive of two described rollers, sequentially pass through described in enter a guide pin bushing, two
Gap between individual described roller, described wire vent guide pin bushing and the outlet of described tinsel.
Metal dust based on controllable magnetic suspension melting technique the most according to claim 2
Preparation facilities, it is characterised in that described in enter a guide pin bushing, described wire vent guide pin bushing and described quartz
The axis collinear of glass tubing.
Metal dust based on controllable magnetic suspension melting technique the most according to claim 1
Preparation facilities, it is characterised in that be additionally provided with roll shaft in described vacuum cavity, tinsel is wound around
On described roll shaft.
Metal dust based on controllable magnetic suspension melting technique the most according to claim 1
Preparation facilities, it is characterised in that described coil depends on along the length direction of described quartz glass tube
Secondary it is divided into: preheating coil, balance heating coil and suspension control coil；
Described preheating coil is used for heating preliminary to tinsel；
Described balance heating coil, for heating further to tinsel, makes the metal melted hang
Floating；
Described suspension control coil is for providing the funnel magnetically confined space of a V-shaped.
Metal dust based on controllable magnetic suspension melting technique the most according to claim 1
Preparation facilities, it is characterised in that the bottom of described powder catcher is provided with valve.
Metal dust based on controllable magnetic suspension melting technique the most according to claim 1
Preparation facilities, it is characterised in that be provided with temperature sensor in described quartz glass tube.
Metal dust based on controllable magnetic suspension melting technique the most according to claim 1
Preparation facilities, it is characterised in that described vacuum cavity and powder catcher are equipped with observation window
Mouthful.
Metal dust based on controllable magnetic suspension melting technique the most according to claim 1
Preparation facilities, it is characterised in that be all provided with in described vacuum cavity and in described powder catcher
There are temperature sensor, pressure transducer.
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| CN201510012973.1A CN104493189B (en) | 2015-01-09 | 2015-01-09 | Metal powder preparation method based on controllable magnetic suspension melting technique and device |
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| CN106735265A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-05-31 | 安顺市虹翼特种钢球制造有限公司 | Method for processing steel ball |
| CN107175337A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-09-19 | 加拿大艾浦莱斯有限公司 | A kind of metal powder preparation method and its device based on plasma atomization technique |
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| CN110935884A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-03-31 | 安徽哈特三维科技有限公司 | High-purity spherical metal powder pulverizing device with observation and treatment mechanism |
| CN111804926A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-10-23 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for preparing refractory metal powder |
| CN111872405B (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-04-06 | 宝鸡华煜鼎尊材料技术有限公司 | Suspension smelting gas atomization device and method for preparing metal powder |
| CN113042740A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-06-29 | 北京七弟科技有限公司 | Method for preparing high-melting-point metal or alloy spherical powder by adopting gas atomization |
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| US3830603A (en) * | 1973-03-22 | 1974-08-20 | Industrial Materials Tech | Apparatus for production of metal powder from wire stock |
| CN102000828B (en) * | 2010-09-26 | 2013-01-16 | 王昌祺 | Metal ultrafine atomizing, crushing and grading system and metal atomizing device thereof |
| CN103280288B (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2016-03-02 | 新昌县辰逸服饰有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of high-coercive force SmCo based permanent magnetic material |
| CN108213449A (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2018-06-29 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | A kind of device for preparing matrix powder material |
| CN203565872U (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2014-04-30 | 河北联合大学 | High-pressure smelting and atomizing nitrogen quenching device |
| CN204413159U (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2015-06-24 | 中国久远高新技术装备公司 | Based on the apparatus for preparing metal powder of controllable magnetic suspension melting technique |
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