CN111702181A - Preparation method of titanium-aluminum alloy powder, titanium-aluminum alloy powder and application - Google Patents
Preparation method of titanium-aluminum alloy powder, titanium-aluminum alloy powder and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN111702181A CN111702181A CN202010775157.7A CN202010775157A CN111702181A CN 111702181 A CN111702181 A CN 111702181A CN 202010775157 A CN202010775157 A CN 202010775157A CN 111702181 A CN111702181 A CN 111702181A
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- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0824—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid with a specific atomising fluid
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of titanium-aluminum alloy powder, the titanium-aluminum alloy powder and an application, and relates to the technical field of alloys, wherein the preparation method of the titanium-aluminum alloy powder comprises the following steps: (a) smelting a titanium-aluminum alloy raw material to prepare a titanium-aluminum alloy bar; (b) the titanium-aluminum alloy bar is prepared into the titanium-aluminum alloy powder through vacuum gas atomization, the preparation method of the titanium-aluminum alloy powder combines smelting and vacuum gas atomization, and the prepared titanium-aluminum alloy powder is regular in shape, controllable in granularity, high in sphericity of 97% and low in oxygen content, and can be suitable for SLM and EBM, so that the application prospect of the titanium-aluminum alloy powder in the fields with high precision requirements such as aerospace is expanded.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of alloys, in particular to a preparation method of titanium-aluminum alloy powder, the titanium-aluminum alloy powder and application.
Background
The titanium-aluminum alloy has a plurality of excellent performances such as low density, high specific strength, good corrosion resistance, excellent heat resistance and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of automobile industry, sports goods and the like. However, the existing titanium-aluminum alloy powder is generally prepared by ball milling, and has irregular shape, uncontrollable granularity, less spherical powder, high impurity content and oxygen content exceeding 0.5 wt%, so that the titanium-aluminum alloy powder cannot be applied to SLM (selective laser melting process) and EBM (electron beam melting molding process), thereby limiting the application of the titanium-aluminum alloy powder in the fields with high precision requirements such as aerospace and the like.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a preparation method of titanium-aluminum alloy powder, which solves the technical problems that the titanium-aluminum alloy powder prepared by adopting a ball milling mode is irregular in shape, uncontrollable in granularity, less in spherical powder and more than 0.5 wt% in oxygen content.
The preparation method of the titanium-aluminum alloy powder provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
(a) smelting a titanium-aluminum alloy raw material to prepare a titanium-aluminum alloy bar;
(b) and preparing the titanium-aluminum alloy bar into titanium-aluminum alloy powder by vacuum gas atomization.
Further, in the step (a), Ti is adopted as the titanium-aluminum alloy raw materialxAlyThe components are mixed according to the mass ratio, wherein X is 1, 2, 3 or 4, and Y is 1, 3, 2 or 3 correspondingly.
Further, in the step (a), smelting by adopting an electric arc furnace;
preferably, inert gas is adopted for protection in the smelting process;
preferably, the titanium-aluminum alloy bar is prepared by casting or continuous casting.
Further, the diameter of the titanium-aluminum alloy bar prepared in the step (a) is 40-50mm, and the length is 450-550 mm;
preferably, the diameter of the titanium-aluminum alloy bar prepared in the step (a) is 43-48mm, and the length is 480-520 mm;
preferably, the oxygen content of the titanium-aluminum alloy bar prepared in the step (a) is 400-500ppm, preferably 400-450 ppm;
preferably, the total amount of impurities in the titanium-aluminum alloy bar prepared in the step (a) is less than 0.01 percent.
Preferably, in step (b), atomization is carried out with argon;
preferably, the purity of the argon is not less than 99.99%.
Further, in the step (b), melting the titanium-aluminum alloy bar into a titanium-aluminum alloy metal flow, and then feeding the titanium-aluminum alloy metal flow into an atomizer at the speed of 15-25g/s for atomization;
preferably, the titanium aluminide alloy metal stream enters the atomizer at a velocity of 16 to 20 g/s.
Further, in the step (b), the spraying rate of the TiAl alloy powder is 1000-3H, preferably 1500-3/h。
The second purpose of the invention is to provide titanium-aluminum alloy powder, which is prepared by the preparation method of the titanium-aluminum alloy powder provided by the first purpose of the invention.
Furthermore, the sphericity of the titanium-aluminum alloy powder is more than 97%, the oxygen content is 500-1000ppm, and the Hall flow rate is 20-50s/50 g.
The invention also aims to provide application of the titanium-aluminum alloy powder in the field of aerospace.
According to the preparation method of the titanium-aluminum alloy powder, smelting and vacuum atomization are combined, the prepared titanium-aluminum alloy powder is regular in shape, controllable in granularity, high in sphericity of 97% or more, low in oxygen content and suitable for SLM and EBM, and therefore the application prospect of the titanium-aluminum alloy powder in the fields with high precision requirements such as aerospace is expanded.
The titanium-aluminum alloy powder provided by the invention is regular in shape, controllable in granularity, over 97% in sphericity and low in oxygen content, and can be suitable for SLM and EBM, so that the application prospect of the titanium-aluminum alloy powder in the fields with high precision requirements such as aerospace and the like is expanded.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of a Ti-Al alloy powder prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an SEM image of the titanium-aluminum alloy powder of FIG. 1 at different observation magnifications.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing a titanium-aluminum alloy powder, comprising the steps of:
(a) smelting a titanium-aluminum alloy raw material to prepare a titanium-aluminum alloy bar;
(b) and preparing the titanium-aluminum alloy bar into titanium-aluminum alloy powder by vacuum gas atomization.
According to the preparation method of the titanium-aluminum alloy powder, smelting and vacuum atomization are combined, the prepared titanium-aluminum alloy powder is regular in shape, controllable in granularity, high in sphericity of 97% or more, low in oxygen content and suitable for SLM and EBM, and therefore the application prospect of the titanium-aluminum alloy powder in the fields with high precision requirements such as aerospace is expanded.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step (a), Ti is used as the Ti-Al alloy raw materialxAlyThe mixture is prepared according to the mass ratio of (1), wherein X is 1, 2, 3 or 4, and Y is 1 correspondinglyAnd 3, 2 or 3, so as to be beneficial to preparing the titanium-aluminum alloy powder which has low density and high specific strength and is suitable for the aerospace field.
Typically but not limitatively, the titanium-aluminum alloy raw material adopts the mass ratio form of TiAl and Ti2Al3、Ti3Al2Or Ti4Al3。
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step (a), the smelting is performed in an electric arc furnace, so as to facilitate the control of the smelting process, reduce the contact between air and the titanium-aluminum alloy raw material, and thus reduce the oxygen content of the titanium-aluminum alloy powder.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, inert gas is used for protection during the smelting process to prevent oxygen in the air from participating in the titanium-aluminum alloy smelting process, so as to further reduce the oxygen content of the titanium-aluminum alloy powder.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inert gas includes, but is not limited to, at least one of argon, helium, and nitrogen.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the titanium alloy bar is prepared by adopting a pouring or continuous casting mode, so that the prepared aluminum alloy bar is more regular in shape, and the subsequent melting preparation into a titanium-aluminum alloy metal flow is more facilitated, and the subsequent gas atomization process is carried out.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the titanium-aluminum alloy bar prepared in step (a) is 40-50mm, and the length is 450-.
Typically, but not by way of limitation, the titanium aluminium alloy rod produced in step (a) has a diameter of, for example, 40mm, 42mm, 45mm, 48mm or 50mm and a length of, for example, 450mm, 480mm, 500mm, 520mm or 550 mm.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the titanium-aluminium alloy bar produced in step (a) has a total amount of impurities of less than 0.01%.
The impurities do not contain oxygen.
According to the preparation method of the titanium-aluminum alloy powder, the impurity content of the prepared titanium-aluminum alloy bar is lower than 0.01% by adopting a smelting mode, and the preparation method is more beneficial to the preparation of high-end precision parts or equipment.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in the step (b), argon is used for atomization, so that the cost is low, the atomization effect is good, and the prepared titanium-aluminum alloy powder has high sphericity.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the purity of the argon gas is not less than 99.99% to avoid introducing impurities in the argon gas, which affects the impurity content in the titanium-aluminum alloy powder.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in step (b), the titanium aluminium alloy rod is melted into a titanium aluminium alloy metal flow and then fed into an atomizer at a speed of 15-25g/s for atomization.
The speed of the titanium-aluminum alloy bar material after being melted into the titanium alloy metal flow is controlled to be 15-25g/s, and the titanium-aluminum alloy metal flow enters the atomizer for atomization, so that the prepared titanium-aluminum alloy powder is more regular in shape, higher in sphericity and lower in oxygen content, and is more suitable for application in the fields with high precision requirements such as aerospace and the like, and particularly when the speed of the titanium-aluminum alloy metal flow entering the atomizer is 16-20g/s, the quality of the prepared titanium-aluminum alloy powder is higher.
Typically, but not by way of limitation, the molten metal stream of the titanium aluminum alloy rod enters the atomizer at a velocity of 15g/s, 18g/s, 20g/s, 22g/s, or 25 g/s.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step (b), the spraying rate of the Ti-Al alloy atomized powder is 1000-3The preparation efficiency of the titanium-aluminum alloy powder is improved on the basis of controlling the quality of the titanium-aluminum alloy powder, particularly when the spraying rate of the titanium-aluminum alloy powder is 1500-2000m3And in the hour, the prepared aluminum alloy powder has higher sphericity, more regular shape and higher comprehensive quality.
Typically, but not limitatively, in step (b), the titanium-aluminium alloy powder is ejected at a rate of, for example, 1000m3/h、1200m3/h、1500m3/h、1800m3/h、2000m3/h、2200m3H or 2500m3/h。
In a typical but non-limiting embodiment of the invention, titanium aluminum alloy powder is prepared and collected as follows:
(1) according to the formula TixAlyThe ingredients are prepared according to the mass ratio of (1), (2), (3), (4), and (1), (3), (2), (3) corresponding to (Y);
(2) smelting the proportioned raw materials by using a small-sized electric arc furnace, preparing a titanium-aluminum alloy bar in a pouring or continuous casting mode, and preparing the titanium-aluminum alloy bar into a bar with phi 45mm x 500mm, oxygen content of 400-plus-500 ppm, high concentricity and total impurity content (except oxygen content) of less than 0.0001;
(3) preparing the prepared titanium-aluminum alloy bar into titanium-aluminum spherical powder by contactless crucible-free EIGA (crucible induction free) vacuum gas atomization, wherein the titanium-aluminum alloy bar is melted to form titanium-aluminum alloy metal flow, then the titanium-aluminum alloy metal flow enters an atomizer through a leaky bag at the speed of 16-20g/s, and meanwhile, 99.99% high-purity argon is adopted for atomization; the spraying rate of the titanium-aluminum alloy powder formed by atomization is controlled to be 1000-2500m3The pressure is adopted, the superheat degree process is increased, and the product yield is increased;
(4) after preparing the titanium-aluminum alloy powder, collecting the titanium-aluminum alloy powder by using nitrogen as protective gas, mixing, packaging, screening the mixed powder, collecting the titanium-aluminum alloy powder with two particle size distribution sections of 270-150 meshes and 0-150 meshes, packaging the titanium-aluminum alloy powder by adopting a special spherical powder package, and respectively packaging the collected titanium-aluminum alloy powder by adopting a light-resistant thickened plastic open bottle.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a titanium-aluminum alloy powder prepared by the method for preparing the titanium-aluminum alloy powder according to the first aspect of the present invention.
The titanium-aluminum alloy powder provided by the invention is regular in shape, controllable in granularity, low in oxygen content and capable of being used in the fields with high precision requirements such as aerospace and the like, and the sphericity is more than 97%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the titanium-aluminum alloy powder has a sphericity of 97% or more, an oxygen content of 500-1000ppm, and a Hall flow rate of 20-50s/50 g.
Typically, but not by way of limitation, the titanium-aluminum alloy powder has a sphericity of, e.g., 97%, 97.5%, 98%, 98.5%, or 99%; an oxygen content of 500ppm, 600ppm, 700ppm, 800ppm, 900ppm or 1000 ppm; the Hall flow rate is, for example, 20s/50g, 25s/50g, 30s/50g, 35s/50g, 40s/50g, 45s/50g or 50s/50 g.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the use of the titanium aluminium alloy powder provided in the second aspect above in the aerospace field.
In order to facilitate understanding of those skilled in the art, the technical solutions provided by the present invention are further described below with reference to examples and comparative examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a titanium-aluminum alloy powder, which is prepared according to the following steps:
(1) proportioning according to the mass proportion form of TiAl;
(2) smelting the proportioned raw materials by adopting a small electric arc furnace, preparing a titanium-aluminum alloy bar in a pouring mode, and preparing the titanium-aluminum alloy bar into a bar with phi 45mm and 500mm, wherein the oxygen content of the bar is 400-plus-500 ppm, the concentricity is high, and the total impurity content (excluding the oxygen content) is less than 0.0001;
(3) preparing titanium-aluminum spherical powder by carrying out contactless crucible-free EIGA (non-crucible induction) vacuum gas atomization on the prepared titanium-aluminum alloy bar, wherein the titanium-aluminum alloy bar is melted to form titanium-aluminum alloy metal flow, then the titanium-aluminum alloy metal flow enters an atomizer through a leaky bag at the speed of 16g/s, and meanwhile, 99.99% high-purity argon is adopted for atomization; the spraying speed of the atomized titanium-aluminum alloy powder is 1500m3Adopting pressurization, increasing superheat degree process and increasingThe product yield is high;
(4) collecting the prepared titanium-aluminum alloy powder by using nitrogen as protective gas, mixing and packaging.
Example 2
This example provides a titanium-aluminum alloy powder, which is prepared by the method different from that of example 1 in the step (1) according to Ti2Al3The ingredients are prepared according to the mass ratio, and the rest steps are the same as those in the embodiment 1, and are not described again.
Example 3
This example provides a titanium-aluminum alloy powder, which is prepared by the method different from that of example 1 in the step (1) according to Ti3Al2The ingredients are prepared according to the mass ratio, and the rest steps are the same as those in the embodiment 1, and are not described again.
Example 4
This example provides a titanium-aluminum alloy powder, which is prepared by the method different from that of example 1 in the step (1) according to Ti4Al3The ingredients are prepared according to the mass ratio, and the rest steps are the same as those in the embodiment 1, and are not described again.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a titanium-aluminum alloy powder, and the preparation method thereof is different from that of embodiment 1 in that in step (3), a titanium-aluminum alloy bar is melted to form a titanium-aluminum alloy metal flow, and then the titanium-aluminum alloy metal flow enters an atomizer through a leaky bag at a speed of 15g/s, and the rest steps are the same as those in embodiment 1, and are not repeated herein.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a titanium-aluminum alloy powder, and the preparation method thereof is different from that of embodiment 1 in that in step (3), a titanium-aluminum alloy bar is melted to form a titanium-aluminum alloy metal flow, and then the titanium-aluminum alloy metal flow enters an atomizer through a leaky bag at a speed of 20g/s, and the rest steps are the same as those in embodiment 1, and are not repeated herein.
Example 7
The embodiment provides a titanium-aluminum alloy powder, and the preparation method thereof is different from that of embodiment 1 in that in step (3), a titanium-aluminum alloy bar is melted to form a titanium-aluminum alloy metal flow, and then the titanium-aluminum alloy metal flow enters an atomizer through a leaky bag at a speed of 25g/s, and the rest steps are the same as those in embodiment 1, and are not described again here.
Example 8
This example provides a titanium-aluminum alloy powder, and the preparation method is different from that of example 1 in that in step (3), the spraying rate of the titanium-aluminum alloy powder formed by atomization is 1000m3The rest of the steps are the same as in example 1 and are not described in detail here.
Example 9
This example provides a titanium-aluminum alloy powder, which is prepared by a method different from that of example 1 in that in step (3), the spraying rate of the titanium-aluminum alloy powder formed by atomization is 2000m3The rest of the steps are the same as in example 1 and are not described in detail here.
Example 10
This example provides a titanium-aluminum alloy powder, and the preparation method is different from that of example 1 in that in step (3), the spraying rate of the titanium-aluminum alloy powder formed by atomization is 2500m3The rest of the steps are the same as in example 1 and are not described in detail here.
Example 11
This example provides a titanium-aluminum alloy powder, and the preparation method is different from that of example 1 in that in step (3), the spraying rate of the titanium-aluminum alloy powder formed by atomization is 500m3The rest of the steps are the same as in example 1 and are not described in detail here.
Example 12
This example provides a titanium-aluminum alloy powder, and the preparation method is different from that of example 1 in that in step (3), the spraying rate of the titanium-aluminum alloy powder formed by atomization is 3500m3The rest of the steps are the same as in example 1 and are not described in detail here.
Example 13
The embodiment provides a titanium-aluminum alloy powder, and the preparation method thereof is different from that of embodiment 1 in that in step (3), a titanium-aluminum alloy bar is melted to form a titanium-aluminum alloy metal flow, and then the titanium-aluminum alloy metal flow enters an atomizer through a leaky bag at a speed of 10g/s, and the rest steps are the same as those in embodiment 1, and are not described again here.
Example 14
The embodiment provides a titanium-aluminum alloy powder, and the preparation method thereof is different from that of embodiment 1 in that in step (3), a titanium-aluminum alloy bar is melted to form a titanium-aluminum alloy metal flow, and then the titanium-aluminum alloy metal flow enters an atomizer through a leaky bag at a speed of 35g/s, and the rest steps are the same as those in embodiment 1, and are not repeated herein.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides titanium-aluminum alloy powder, the mass ratio of the raw materials is the same as that of the titanium-aluminum alloy powder in example 1, and the titanium-aluminum alloy powder is prepared by adopting a conventional ball milling mode, wherein the type of the ball mill is TYQM550, and the rotating speed of the ball mill is 350 revolutions per second.
Test example 1
The titanium-aluminum alloy powder prepared in example 1 is observed by a scanning electron microscope, and as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, it can be seen from fig. 1 and fig. 2 that the titanium-aluminum alloy powder prepared in example 1 has a regular shape, uniform particle size, and a sphericity higher than 97%.
Test example 2
The titanium-aluminum alloy powders provided in examples 1 to 14 and comparative example 1 were subjected to sphericity, oxygen content, impurity content (containing no oxygen) and hall flow rate measurement, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 titanium-aluminum alloy Properties data sheet
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the titanium-aluminum alloy powder is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(a) smelting a titanium-aluminum alloy raw material to prepare a titanium-aluminum alloy bar;
(b) and preparing the titanium-aluminum alloy bar into titanium-aluminum alloy powder by vacuum gas atomization.
2. The method for preparing titanium-aluminum alloy powder according to claim 1, wherein in the step (a), Ti is used as the titanium-aluminum alloy raw materialxAlyThe components are mixed according to the mass ratio, wherein X is 1, 2, 3 or 4, and Y is 1, 3, 2 or 3 correspondingly.
3. The method for producing a titanium-aluminum alloy powder according to claim 1, wherein in the step (a), the smelting is performed in an electric arc furnace;
preferably, inert gas is adopted for protection in the smelting process;
preferably, the titanium-aluminum alloy bar is prepared by casting or continuous casting.
4. The method for preparing titanium-aluminum alloy powder as recited in claim 1, wherein the diameter of the titanium-aluminum alloy bar prepared in step (a) is 40-50mm, and the length is 450-550 mm;
preferably, the diameter of the titanium-aluminum alloy bar prepared in the step (a) is 43-48mm, and the length is 480-520 mm;
preferably, the oxygen content of the titanium-aluminum alloy bar prepared in the step (a) is 400-500ppm, preferably 400-450 ppm;
preferably, the total amount of impurities in the titanium-aluminum alloy bar prepared in the step (a) is less than 0.01 percent.
5. The method for producing a titanium-aluminum alloy powder according to claim 1, wherein in the step (b), atomization is performed with argon gas;
preferably, the purity of the argon is not less than 99.99%.
6. The method for preparing titanium-aluminum alloy powder according to claim 1, wherein in the step (b), the titanium-aluminum alloy bar is melted into a titanium-aluminum alloy metal flow and then enters an atomizer at a speed of 15-25g/s for atomization;
preferably, the titanium aluminide alloy metal stream enters the atomizer at a velocity of 16 to 20 g/s.
7. The method for preparing Ti-Al alloy powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spraying rate of Ti-Al alloy powder in step (b) is 1000-2500m3H, preferably 1500-3/h。
8. A titanium-aluminum alloy powder produced by the method for producing a titanium-aluminum alloy powder according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The TiAl alloy powder as claimed in claim 8, wherein the TiAl alloy powder has a sphericity of 97% or more, an oxygen content of 500-1000ppm, and a Hall flow rate of 20-50s/50 g.
10. Use of the titanium aluminium alloy powder according to claim 8 or 9 in the field of aerospace.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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