CN106166617A - A kind of preparation method of 3D printing titanium alloy powder - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of 3D printing titanium alloy powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN106166617A CN106166617A CN201610852959.7A CN201610852959A CN106166617A CN 106166617 A CN106166617 A CN 106166617A CN 201610852959 A CN201610852959 A CN 201610852959A CN 106166617 A CN106166617 A CN 106166617A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0844—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid in controlled atmosphere
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0848—Melting process before atomisation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0892—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid casting nozzle; controlling metal stream in or after the casting nozzle
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- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The preparation method of a kind of 3D printing titanium alloy powder, belongs to 3D and prints/increase material manufacturing technology field.Concretely comprising the following steps: raw material disposal laggard luggage material and clamping, then working chamber and atomizing furnace are carried out forvacuum process, vacuum reaches 10‐5Pa～10‐3Pa, is filled with high-purity argon gas in working chamber and atomizing furnace；Opening push-pull valve and open feed mechanism, heating bar, temperature is 1550～1700 DEG C；Use supersonic speed Close-Coupled Gas Atomization nozzle that metal drop or liquid stream are atomized, finally sieve.Advantage is, can effectively drop the impurity in melting and atomization process and introduce, it is ensured that oxygen content in power controls at below 200ppm；Can carry out continuous prodution after changing bar, powder size is uniform, sphericity is high, good fluidity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to 3D and print/increase material manufacturing technology field, particularly to the system of a kind of 3D printing titanium alloy powder
Preparation Method.Particularly relate to a kind of 3D print by the preparation method of fine high purity titanium alloy powder.
Background technology
Titanium alloy, owing to having the advantages such as density is low, specific strength is high, good, the fine heat-resisting performance of corrosion resisting property, extensively should
For aerospace field.But owing to its machining property is poor, and the parts of aerospace field are generally of complex shape
Shape, this greatly limits the titanium alloy application at aerospace field." 3D printing " also known as " increase material manufacture ", owing to it is relative
In classical production process, there is " flexible manufacturing " and the innate advantage of " saving raw material ", in recent years in World Airways space flight and army
Work manufacturing industry starts upsurge.Application 3D printing technique can produce the dimensional accuracy Ti alloy with high performance blank close to finished product,
Have only to a small amount of machining and just can meet dimension precision requirement.Owing to this technique need not mould, thus improve material
Utilization rate is also substantially reduced manufacturing cost, causes the extensive concern of global enterprise circle.
Titanium alloy powder is the primary raw material that current 3D prints titanium alloy parts, and its production method determines the property of powder
Can purposes.3D prints that technological requirement titanium alloy powder granularity is tiny, good fluidity, impurity element and oxygen content is low, powder is spherical
Degree height, common alloy of titanium powder in the market is difficult to meet demand of industrial production.At present, the production method of titanium alloy powder
Mainly there are HDH method, rotary electrode method, aerosolization method etc..HDH method (HDH) technique is simple, it is easy to accomplish industrialization
Producing, but the technological process of production is long, and shattering process is easily introduced impurity, and titanium valve is in irregular shape, oxygen content is high, and it is right to be difficult to meet
The requirement of high-quality titanium valve.Titanium alloy powder prepared by rotary electrode method be shaped as rule spherical, powder flowbility good, oxygen contains
Measuring low, but the granularity of powder is relatively thick, production cost is higher.Aerosolization method prepares powder, is to utilize high-voltage high-speed airflow to clash into melt
Melt metal liquid stream, the kinetic energy of high-speed gas is converted into the surface energy of molten drop, and then forms fine drop ball by broken for melt
Change cooling and generate powder.Gas-atomized powder has the advantages such as environmental pollution is little, technique is simple, rate of cooling is fast, the powder of preparation
Having the advantages such as sphericity is high, oxygen content is low, composition is uniform, crystal grain is tiny, powder size is controlled, Gas atomization techniques becomes
Produce one of main method of metal and alloy powder.
Domestic print/increase material about 3D and manufacture the patent of spherical powder used and document is less.A kind of 3D prints with ultra-fine
Spherical powder manufactures device, application number: 201510301416.1 and 201510835508.8, discloses a kind of refining metallic powder
Production equipment, relate to a kind of 3D printing superfine spherical powder fabricating apparatus, may be used for producing high temperature alloy, and can not give birth to
Produce titanium alloy powder, the most do not introduce concrete method.A kind of rapid scale system of 3D printing fine grain spherical powder
Preparation Method, application number 201510993105.6, this patent selects plasma spheroidization technology path entirely different with the present invention.Gas
Atomization prepares the method for 2024 Al alloy powders, application number: 201110380213.8, relate to a kind of aerosolization method and prepares
The method of 2024 Al alloy powders, belongs to powder metallurgical technology, is not belonging to 3D printing technique field, and this invention does not has
Oxygen content, field trash are controlled.A kind of method and device preparing 3D printing superfine spherical metal dust, application
Number: 201510044848.9, disclose the method preparing superfine spherical metal dust, mainly in combination with pulse micropore spurt method and from
Two kinds of methods of heart atomization, entirely different with the art of this patent route.Other patents are not different from the technical field of the present invention,
It is exactly that technology path is inconsistent." progress of sized spherical titanium powder technology of preparing " " Ti industry entered from the 1st phase of volume 32 in 2015
Exhibition " etc. document, only have studied the ultimate principle of inert gas atomizer method, and atomization gas pressure be to powder sphericity, particle diameter
With the impact of particle size distribution, but there is no technique and method prepared by system introduction.
The present invention is directed to 3D and print by the preparation problem of fine high purity titanium alloy powder, by noble gas aerosolization technology and
Vacuum intermediate-frequency Induction Melting Technology combines, and prepares 3D and prints the Titanium Powder needed for Aero-Space Ti alloy with high performance parts
End.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the preparation method of a kind of 3D printing titanium alloy powder, solve high-purity fine ball
The batch of shape titanium alloy powder prepares problem.
The purpose of the present invention is accomplished by, and a kind of 3D prints with the preparation side of fine high purity titanium alloy powder
Method.With the titanium alloy rod bar of the corresponding trade mark as raw material, to feeding material chamber, working chamber and atomization body of heater evacuation, it is then charged with high-purity
Argon carries out atmosphere protection, prevents titanium alloy bar oxidation in fusion process, melting gas pressure inside be 0.45～
0.50MPa；Use feed mechanism to make bar carry out axial linear movement and rotary motion simultaneously；Utilize Frequency Induction Heating to titanium
Alloy bar material carries out melting, it is to avoid the introducing of impurity element, and smelting temperature is at 1550～1700 DEG C；Using high-purity argon gas as atomization
Medium uses supersonic speed Close-Coupled Gas Atomization nozzle to be atomized metal drop or liquid stream, atomizing pressure control 0.5～
8MPa, thus realize the preparation of 3D printing titanium alloy powder.
A kind of preparation method of 3D printing titanium alloy powder, concrete steps and parameter are as follows:
1, raw material disposal: the titanium alloy rod bar choosing the corresponding trade mark carries out turnery processing, and smooth finish surface, makes bar circle
Post degree reaches regulation requirement, and one end is processed into angular range is 60 °～the cone angle of 120 °,；
2, feed and clamp: by clamping device, bar being fixed to feeding mechanism lower end, feeding mechanism makes bar simultaneously
Produce axial straight-line feed and rotary motion；
3, melting, atomization atmosphere prepare: working chamber and atomizing furnace are carried out forvacuum process, and vacuum reaches 10‐5Pa
～10‐3Pa, detection equipment leak rate is less than 0.5pa/min；High-purity argon gas it is filled with as guarantor in working chamber and atomizing furnace
Protect gas, it is to avoid the oxidation that dispensing is in fusion process and powder is in atomization process；
4, melting: opening push-pull valve and open feed mechanism, feed mechanism carries out action；Bar moves to away from induction coil
0～10mm opens Medium frequency induction coil power, heats bar, and heating-up temperature is 1550～1700 DEG C, after bar fusing
Drop or stable liquid stream is converged at top cone tip part；
5, atomization: drop or liquid stream are broken by the supersonic airstream utilizing supersonic speed Close-Coupled Gas Atomization nozzle to produce
Broken, atomizing pressure is 0.5～8MPa；In atomization process use high pressure positive blower discharge atomization furnace gas, power of fan be 25～
30Kw, atomization starts to supplement in working chamber high-purity argon gas simultaneously, prevents the excessive formation sky of pressure reduction between working chamber and atomizing furnace
Heart powder；
6, screening: when powder is cooled to less than 50 DEG C, under high-purity argon gas atmosphere screening, by 15～53 μm and 53～
The powder of 150 μm carries out inert gas shielding encapsulation.
It is an advantage of the current invention that:
1, noble gas aerosolization technology is combined with vacuum intermediate-frequency induction melting, can effectively drop melting and atomization process
In impurity introduce, and by control supplementary material introducing, production process, the introducing of follow-up screening processing controls oxygen, it is ensured that
Oxygen content in power controls at below 200ppm.
2, the two is made to isolate by interpolation isolating valve between working chamber and feeding material chamber, after a bar melting,
Feed mechanism being promoted to certain altitude and closes push-pull valve, can carry out continuous prodution after changing bar, this makes to produce effect
Rate improves, and cost reduces.
3, atomizer uses Bilateral Symmetry tangential admission, two-layer air chamber, Lavalle formula circumferential weld close-coupled nozzle, both ensures
The stablizing of flow field around whole nozzle, meets again technique to atomization gas high pressure, requirement at a high speed.
4, superfine spherical titanium or the titanium alloy powder epigranular of preparation are tiny, sphericity height, good fluidity, oxygen content
Low, satellite ball powder content is few, meets titanium alloy 3D and prints the technique requirement to powder body.
5, the method is applicable to mass production, meets the domestic urgent needs to high performance turbine titanium alloy powder.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process route chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the equipment schematic diagram of the present invention.Wherein, clamping device 1, feed mechanism 2, bar 3, feeding material chamber 4, atomization spray
Mouth 5, Medium frequency induction coil 6, working chamber 7, the first cyclone separator 8, the first cyclone separator 9, atomizing furnace 10.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
1, raw material disposal: choose and TC4 bar is carried out turnery processing, smooth finish surface makes bar cylindricity reach
0.05mm, and one end is processed into 120 ° of cone angles；
2, feed and clamp: by clamping device, bar being fixed to feeding mechanism lower end, feeding mechanism makes bar simultaneously
Produce axial straight-line feed and rotary motion；Arranging straight-line feed speed is 0.05m/min, and bar rotary speed is 600r/
min；
3, melting, atomization atmosphere prepare: working chamber and aerochamber are carried out forvacuum process, and vacuum level requirements is 1 ×
10‐3Pa, equipment leak rate requires to reach below 0.005Pa/s；High-purity argon gas it is filled with as protection in working chamber and aerochamber
Gas, after working chamber is filled with high-purity argon gas, pressure is 0.1MPa, it is to avoid dispensing is in fusion process and powder is in atomization process
Oxidation；
4, melting: opening push-pull valve and open feed mechanism, feed mechanism carries out action；Bar moves to away from induction coil
Opening Medium frequency induction coil power during certain altitude, Medium frequency induction coil power is 20kw, starts to heat bar, bar
Drop or stable liquid stream is converged at top cone tip part after fusing；
5, atomization: drop or liquid stream are broken by the supersonic airstream utilizing supersonic speed Close-Coupled Gas Atomization nozzle to produce
Broken, the pressure of Close-Coupled Gas Atomization nozzle is 3MPa；Atomization process use high-power high voltage blower fan discharge atomization furnace gas；
Supplement high-purity argon gas Stress control at 0.04MPa；Pressure differential between working chamber and atomizing furnace is maintained at 0.05MPa, simultaneously to
Supplement high-purity argon gas in working chamber, prevent the excessive formation hollow powder of pressure reduction between working chamber and atomizing furnace；
6, screening: after powder is cooled sufficiently, sieves under high-purity argon gas atmosphere, and the powder of different-grain diameter grade carries out lazy
Property gas shield encapsulation, obtain be suitable for 3D technique TC4 titanium alloy powder body.
Claims (3)
1. the preparation method of a 3D printing titanium alloy powder, it is characterised in that concrete steps and parameter are as follows:
1) raw material disposal: the titanium alloy rod bar choosing the corresponding trade mark carries out turnery processing, smooth finish surface, and is processed into one end
Angular range is 60 °～the cone angle of 120 °；
2) feed and clamp: by clamping device, bar being fixed to feeding mechanism lower end, feeding mechanism makes bar produce simultaneously
Axially straight-line feed and rotary motion；
3) melting, atomization atmosphere prepare: working chamber and atomizing furnace are carried out forvacuum process, and vacuum reaches 10‐5Pa～10‐ 3Pa, when detection equipment leak rate is less than 0.5pa/min, is filled with high-purity argon gas as protective gas in working chamber and atomizing furnace,
Avoid dispensing in fusion process and powder oxidation in atomization process；
4) melting: opening push-pull valve and open feed mechanism, feed mechanism carries out action, bar move to away from induction coil 0～
During 10mm height, opening Medium frequency induction coil power, heat bar, heating-up temperature is 1550～1700 DEG C, and bar melts
Drop or stable liquid stream is converged at top cone tip part after change；
5) atomization: drop or liquid stream are crushed by the supersonic airstream utilizing supersonic speed Close-Coupled Gas Atomization nozzle to produce, mist
Changing pressure is 0.5～8MPa；Atomization starts to supplement in working chamber high-purity argon gas simultaneously, prevents from pressing between working chamber and atomizing furnace
The excessive formation hollow powder of difference；
6) screening: when powder is cooled to less than 50 DEG C, sieves under high-purity argon gas atmosphere.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 5) described in atomization process in use high pressure positive blower row
Going out and be atomized furnace gas, power of fan is 25～30Kw.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 6) described in screening by 15～53 μm and 53～150 μ
The powder of m particle diameter grade carries out inert gas shielding encapsulation.
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| CN106636748A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-05-10 | 上海材料研究所 | TC4 titanium alloy powder for 3D (Three Dimensional) printing and preparation method thereof |
| CN107262728A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-10-20 | 深圳微纳增材技术有限公司 | Vacuum arc prepares the device and method of metal dust |
| CN107470643A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2017-12-15 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | 3D printing superfine spherical Titanium Powder preparation facilities |
| CN107716934A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-02-23 | 上海材料研究所 | A kind of preparation method of Inconel718 alloy powders for 3D printing technique |
| CN107790735A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-03-13 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | The method that radio frequency plasma smelting system prepares the spherical Titanium Powder of 3D printing |
| CN108080621A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-05-29 | 北京科技大学 | Cost laser selective melting titanium valve, its preparation method and titanium preparation method |
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