CN105689730A - Method for preparing Inconel 625 alloy spherical powder - Google Patents
Method for preparing Inconel 625 alloy spherical powder Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/14—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes using electric discharge
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
- B22F1/065—Spherical particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
Abstract
A method for preparing Inconel 625 alloy spherical powder comprises following steps: according to the AMS 5666G standard, two-time vacuum smelting of alloy ingredient compositions and a master ingot is carried out; through forging and mechanical machining, the master ingot is made into an alloy electrode bar; atomizing equipment is subject to pre-vacuum-pumping treatment, mixed inert shielding gas is led into the atomizing equipment, and the pressure ranges from 0.1*105 Pa to 3*105 Pa; the electrode bar is fed into an atomizing chamber through a feeding system, a plasma torch is used for heating the end face of the electrode bar, metal liquid drops are prepared through the centrifugal effect of a rotating electrode, and the metal liquid drops are instantly solidified into the spherical metal powder; and a powder collecting device containing an electrostatic separation component carries out inclusion removing treatment and pure powder collection on the metal spherical powder. The method has the beneficial effects of being high in production efficiency, high in batch stability, high in fine powder yield and the like and can easily prepare the Inconel 625 alloy spherical powder with the high purification, the good sphericility degree and the high liquidity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal and alloy powder preparing technical field, particularly to a kind of method preparing Inconel625 alloy spherical powder。
Background technology
Inconel625 alloy is a kind of solution strengthening ni-base wrought superalloy being main intensified element with Mo, Nb, is developed to meet high intensity main steam pipe material demand in the 1950's by International nickel Co. Ltd. Inco. Ltd. the earliest。At present, below 650 DEG C, Inconel625 alloy has the performances such as resistance to lasting, resisting fatigue, antioxidation and resisting chloride ion penetration stress corrosion cracking (SCC), and this alloy is mainly used in the structure members such as gas-turbine unit, nuclear-plant, aerospace engine and nuclear reactor。
In recent years, development along with metal near-net-shape technology such as hot isostatic pressing technique, metal increasing material technology of preparing, Metal Injection Moldings, Inconel625 is developed to novel powder metallurgy superalloy gradually from traditional wrought superalloy, and the demand of metal dust is increased by market year by year。Powder near-net-shape technique is adopted to prepare Inconel625 alloy component, microstructure is uniform, crystal grain is tiny, the parts of complex geometry to be not only easy to acquisition, and stock utilization can be significantly improved, it is prevented effectively from the high-power forging equipment and precision die that manufacture and design costliness。
At present, the production method of Inconel625 spherical powder mainly has inert gas atomizer method, radio frequency plasma spheroidizing of powder facture and plasma atomization etc.。Wherein, gas atomization be by foundry alloy melt, recycling atomizer produce high pressure, high velocity inert gas stream impact metallic solution formed droplet, and after obtain alloy powder through false set。Gas atomization technique has on the one hand production efficiency height, powder size wide scope, the sphericity advantage being easily achieved large-scale production such as better; easily there is on the other hand hollow powder and the powder quality defect such as satellite powder proportion is higher, powder flowbility is poor, degree of purity is limited in powder product, therefore aerosolization method is not suitable for the Inconel625 alloy powder that large-scale production alloying level is high。Aspherical powder, with irregular alloyed powder for raw material, is carried out secondary fusion and utilizes surface tension and high-temperature gradient that molten drop is condensed into spheroidal particle by radio frequency plasma atomization。Powder prepared by the method has advantages such as sphericity height, any surface finish, impurity content are low, but this technique exists shortcomings such as production efficiency is low, twice powder process cycle length, equipment run and maintenance cost is high。Plasma atomization utilizes superhigh temperature beam-plasma to realize foundry alloy melting and powder by atomization synchronously completes, and gained powder fine powder recovery rate is high, powder high purity。But this technique is with the diameter Inconel625 metal wire material lower than 5mm for raw material, causes the production difficulty of raw material and purchase cost to significantly improve。
Therefore, for solving extensive, the low-cost production problem of super clean, high-quality Inconel625 alloy spherical powder, avoiding other Inconel625 alloy powder preparation technology institute produced problem, the present invention proposes a kind of method adopting plasma rotating electrode process to prepare Inconel625 alloy spherical powder。
Summary of the invention
For overcoming above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method adopting plasma rotating electrode process to prepare Inconel625 alloy spherical powder, solve the shortcoming that above-mentioned Inconel625 alloy spherical powder preparation technology exists, and the preparation method that a kind of good fluidity, high purity, particle diameter are tiny, sphericity is high Inconel625 alloy spherical powder is provided, for meeting high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP), metal increase the market demand of the near-net-shape technology such as material manufacture。
The present invention is with the Inconel625 alloy bar material that meets standard AMS5666G chemical composition and require for raw material, in bar being sent into forvacuum by feed system and is filled with the aerochamber of high purity inert gas protection；Adopting high-temperature plasma arc progressively to be melted by the cylindrical alloy bar of high speed rotating, puddle is got rid of into molten drop under centrifugal action, and drop cooling curing in inert gas environment is spherical powder, enters rewinding tank through container bottom。
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of method preparing Inconel625 alloy spherical powder, comprises the following steps:
1) carry out dispensing according to standard AMS5666G alloy design composition and obtain founding raw material, carry out a vacuum induction melting, remove the surface scale of melting once, carry out secondary vacuum consumable remelting, obtain relative density Inconel625 foundry alloy secondary smelting ingot shape blank more than 85%；
2) by step 1) Inconel625 foundry alloy secondary smelting ingot shape blank obtains Inconel625 alloy bar material through forging, through the machining of lathe and precise NC lathe, obtain meeting the Inconel625 alloy electrode rod of plasma rotating electrode process requirement；
3) Inconel625 alloy electrode rod is placed in atomization plant, a whole set of powder manufacturing apparatus forvacuum is processed, is filled with inert protective gas；
4) open atomization plant, utilize plasma torch heating Inconel625 alloy electrode plane rod end to melt, in aerochamber, be centrifuged powder by atomization；
5) obtaining super clean Inconel625 alloy spherical powder by powder collection device, powder size, between 15-300 μm, is sieved on request and vacuum packaging after powder cools down completely。
In step (1), described alloying component is by weight percentage: trace element C≤0.1, Al≤0.4, Ti≤0.04, Co≤1, Mn≤0.5, S≤0.015, P≤0.015, Si≤0.5；Essential element Cr20-23, Mo8-10, Nb3.15-4.15, Fe0.1-5, all the other are Ni, and wherein Nb element derives from the NbFe alloy containing Nb70%。
The vacuum of vacuum induction melting and vacuum consumable remelting is not less than 1 × 10-1Pa。
Step 2) in, described Inconel625 alloy bar material consistency is more than 99%, and without casting flaws such as substantially loose, shrinkage cavities, diameter is 10-90mm, and length is 100-900mm, and surface roughness Ra is not more than 3.2 μm。
Step 3) in, described forvacuum processes and includes adopting all kinds of pump housing to carry out evacuation, treats that equipment vacuum degree reaches 1 × 10-3Pa-10×10-3During Pa, being filled with argon and the mixed inert protective gas of helium composition, the pressure in equipment is 0.1 × 105-3×105Pa, the mass percent of atmosphere oxygen content is less than 0.01%。
Step 4) in, described aerochamber inwall should be smooth, surface roughness should be less than 1.6 μm, electrode bar rotating speed is at 10000-30000 rev/min, the electrode bar amount of feeding is 1-10 mm/second, and plasma arc temperature, at 10000-20000 DEG C, relies on centrifugal action to form stable, continuous print molten melt drop, molten drop cools down in inert atmosphere aerochamber becomes globular metallic powder, and aerochamber is cooled down by recirculated cooling water。
Step 5) in, described powder collection device comprises electrostatic separation parts, is connected by thread seal with aerochamber, collects again by collection device after removing nonmetal inclusion。
Described noble gas is argon and the mixing gas of helium composition, in inert gas shielding, the spherical metal powder prepared is sieved and is packed。
The beneficial effects of the present invention is:
1) adopt contactless plasma arc melting technology, it is achieved the fusing quick, pure of Inconel625 alloy, do not use fusion crucible, effectively reduce the introducing of impurity element。The electrode bar progressively amount of feeding is adopted to control technology, it is possible to ensure powder quality stability and the concordance of different batches, it is easy to extensive repeatability produces。
2) ultracentrifugation atomization technique is adopted, significantly improve production efficiency and the fine powder recovery rate of Inconel625 alloy powder, there is the advantage such as sphericity height, low, the good fluidity of impurity content, and effectively reduce the formation of satellite powder and hollow powder, improve powder product rate, be particularly suitable as metal and increase the raw material of material manufacture and heat and other static pressuring processes。
3) adopt the mixed inert protective gas of argon and helium, it is possible to effectively reduce metal dust oxygen content, improve metal dust solidification speed, reduce the microscopic segregation of metal dust chemical composition, it is ensured that spherical metal powder chemical composition uniformity。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the equipment schematic diagram of PREP method powder process of the present invention。
Wherein, 1 is inert protective gas aerochamber；2 is electrode bar installation room；3 is the integrating device of electrostatic separation and powder collection；4 is that plasma rotates negative electrode；5 is electrode bar feed system。
Fig. 2 is Inconel625 alloy spherical powder SEM microscopic appearance figure prepared by the present invention。
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the drawings, the present invention is described in further detail。
The preparation of embodiment 1:Inconel625 alloy spherical powder
The quality proportioning adopting essential element is Ni-21Cr-8.5Mo-3.5Nb-4Fe, trace element mass percent is less than standard value, namely C is not more than 0.1%, Al is not more than 0.4%, Ti is not more than 0.04%, Co is not more than 1%, Mn is not more than 0.5%, and S is not more than 0.015%, and P is not more than 0.015%, Si is not more than 0.5%, Ta is not more than 0.05%, and wherein Nb element derives from the NbFe alloy containing Nb70%, is placed in by raw material in the vaccum sensitive stove that vacuum is 0.1Pa and carries out melting once；Removing the surface scale of melting once, carry out secondary vacuum consumable remelting, vacuum is the 0.05Pa Inconel625 foundry alloy secondary smelting ingot shape blank obtaining that relative density is 87%；Obtaining, by isothermal open die forging, the foundry alloy bar that consistency is 99.6%, and be 70mm through the diameter that is machined into of lathe and precise NC lathe, length is the Inconel625 alloy electrode rod of 650mm；Alloy electrode is placed in electrode bar installation room 2, and to evacuation in inert protective gas aerochamber 1, treats that equipment vacuum degree reaches 1 × 10-3Being filled with argon, helium mixed inert gas during Pa, in equipment, inert gas pressure is 1 × 105Pa；Open atomization plant and prepare spherical powder; the plasma torch heating Inconel625 alloy electrode plane rod end that plasma rotates negative electrode 4 and electrode bar feed system 5 generation is utilized to melt; it is centrifuged powder by atomization in inert protective gas aerochamber 1; electrode bar rotating speed is 15000 revs/min; the electrode bar amount of feeding is 1mm/s, and gained powder enters powder collecting tank 3 after removing nonmetal inclusion by electrostatic separation parts。Screening vacuum packaging on request after powder cools down completely。
Analyze known after tested, Inconel625 alloy spherical powder average particle size is 95 μm, oxygen content in power is 1400ppm, inclusion content is less than 10/kg, Inconel625 alloy powder good sphericity, surface smoothness is high, substantially eliminates satellite powder and hollow powder phenomenon, and Fig. 2 show the secondary electron image of gained powder。
The preparation of embodiment 2:Inconel625 alloy spherical powder
The quality proportioning adopting essential element is Ni-22.5Cr-9.5Mo-4Nb-2Fe, trace element mass percent is less than standard value, namely C is not more than 0.1%, Al is not more than 0.4%, Ti is not more than 0.04%, Co is not more than 1%, Mn is not more than 0.5%, and S is not more than 0.015%, and P is not more than 0.015%, Si is not more than 0.5%, Ta is not more than 0.05%, and wherein Nb element derives from the NbFe alloy containing Nb70%, is placed in by raw material in the vaccum sensitive stove that vacuum is 0.05Pa and carries out melting once；Removing the surface scale of melting once, carry out secondary vacuum consumable remelting, vacuum is the 0.01Pa Inconel625 foundry alloy secondary smelting ingot shape blank obtaining that relative density is 88%。Obtaining, by isothermal open die forging, the foundry alloy bar that consistency is 99.5%, and to be processed into diameter be 90mm, length is the Inconel625 alloy electrode rod of 900mm；Alloy electrode is placed in electrode bar installation room 2, and to evacuation in inert protective gas aerochamber 1, treats that equipment vacuum degree reaches 1 × 10-3Being filled with argon, helium mixed inert gas during Pa, in equipment, inert gas pressure is 1.8 × 105Pa；Open atomization plant and prepare spherical powder; the plasma torch heating Inconel625 alloy electrode plane rod end that plasma rotates negative electrode 4 and electrode bar 5 generation is utilized to melt; it is centrifuged powder by atomization in inert protective gas aerochamber 1; electrode bar rotating speed is 22000 revs/min; the electrode bar amount of feeding is 3mm/s, and gained powder enters powder collecting tank 3 after removing nonmetal inclusion by electrostatic separation parts。Screening vacuum packaging on request after powder cools down completely。
Analyzing it can be seen that Inconel625 alloy spherical powder average particle size is 80 μm after tested, oxygen content in power is 1000ppm, inclusion content is less than 10/kg, Inconel625 alloy powder good sphericity, surface smoothness is high, substantially eliminates satellite powder and hollow powder phenomenon。
Claims (9)
1. the method preparing Inconel625 alloy spherical powder, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1) carry out dispensing according to standard AMS5666G alloy design composition and obtain founding raw material, carry out a vacuum induction melting, remove the surface scale of melting once, carry out secondary vacuum consumable remelting, obtain relative density Inconel625 foundry alloy secondary smelting ingot shape blank more than 85%；
2) by step 1) Inconel625 foundry alloy secondary smelting ingot shape blank carries out forging and obtains Inconel625 alloy bar material, through the machining of lathe and precise NC lathe, obtain meeting the Inconel625 alloy electrode rod of plasma rotating electrode process requirement；
3) Inconel625 alloy electrode rod is placed in atomization plant, a whole set of powder manufacturing apparatus forvacuum is processed, is filled with inert protective gas；
4) open atomization plant, utilize plasma torch heating Inconel625 alloy electrode plane rod end to melt, in aerochamber, be centrifuged powder by atomization；
5) obtaining super clean Inconel625 alloy spherical powder by powder collection device, powder size, between 15-300 μm, is sieved on request and vacuum packaging after powder cools down completely。
2. a kind of method preparing Inconel625 alloy spherical powder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described alloying component is by weight percentage: trace element C≤0.1, Al≤0.4, Ti≤0.04, Co≤1, Mn≤0.5, S≤0.015, P≤0.015, Si≤0.5；Essential element Cr20-23, Mo8-10, Nb3.15-4.15, Fe0.1-5, all the other are Ni, and wherein Nb element derives from the NbFe alloy containing Nb70%。
3. a kind of method preparing Inconel625 alloy spherical powder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the vacuum of described vacuum induction melting and vacuum consumable remelting is not less than 1 × 10-1Pa。
4. a kind of method preparing Inconel625 alloy spherical powder according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described Inconel625 alloy bar material consistency is more than 99%, without casting flaws such as substantially loose, shrinkage cavities, diameter is 10-90mm, length is 100-900mm, and surface roughness Ra is not more than 3.2 μm。
5. a kind of method preparing Inconel625 alloy spherical powder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described forvacuum processes and includes adopting all kinds of pump housing to carry out evacuation, treats that equipment vacuum degree reaches 1 × 10-3Pa-10×10-3During Pa, being filled with argon and the mixed inert protective gas of helium composition, the pressure in equipment is 0.1 × 105-3×105Pa, the mass percent of atmosphere oxygen content is less than 0.01%。
6. a kind of method preparing Inconel625 alloy spherical powder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described aerochamber inwall should be smooth, and surface roughness should be less than 1.6 μm。
7. a kind of method preparing Inconel625 alloy spherical powder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that electrode bar rotating speed is at 10000-30000 rev/min, and the electrode bar amount of feeding is 1-10 mm/second, and plasma arc temperature is at 10000-20000 DEG C。
8. a kind of method preparing Inconel625 alloy spherical powder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described powder collection device comprises electrostatic separation parts, is connected by thread seal with aerochamber。
9. a kind of method preparing Inconel625 alloy spherical powder according to claim 1; it is characterized in that; described noble gas is argon and the mixing gas of helium composition, in inert gas shielding, the spherical metal powder prepared is sieved and is packed。
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