CN112658271B - Efficient combined type gas atomization powder preparation device and method - Google Patents
Efficient combined type gas atomization powder preparation device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of gas atomization powder preparation, in particular to a high-efficiency composite gas atomization powder preparation device and method, comprising a vacuum smelting system, an atomization system and a powder collection chamber which are connected in sequence; the vacuum smelting system comprises a vacuum smelting chamber, a high-frequency smelting coil, a smelting crucible, a first vacuum system, a first protective atmosphere gas circuit and a first cooling system; the atomization system comprises an atomization chamber, a high-pressure non-oxidation gas circuit, an air atomization nozzle, an electrode gun, a second vacuum system, a second protective atmosphere gas circuit, an Ar gas circuit and a second cooling system; the air atomizing nozzle is provided with a central hole, and the central hole is provided with a guiding device. The invention combines two technologies of gas atomization and arc discharge into a whole, and combines the two processes into a continuous powder process; the arc discharge technology is used for solving the technical problems of nozzle blockage, insufficient particle refinement, wide particle size distribution, high-pressure gas path outlet and metal liquid drop angle design and the like which are common in the gas atomization technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gas atomization powder preparation, in particular to a high-efficiency composite gas atomization powder preparation device and method.
Background
The gas atomization powder process technology has been in the past in the 20 th century of 10, and the principle of powder process is to utilize high-speed gas flow to act on the molten liquid flow so as to convert the gas kinetic energy into the surface energy of the melt, thereby forming fine liquid drops and solidifying the fine liquid drops into powder particles. The gas atomization powder process technology has the advantages of small environmental pollution, high sphericity of powder, low oxygen content, high cooling speed and the like, and is a main method for producing metal and alloy powder at present. Along with the application of powder materials in the industries of chemical industry, electronic device preparation, surface engineering, military and the like, the requirements on the purity, the size, the sphericity and the like of the powder are continuously improved, and the further development of an aerosolization preparation device is promoted.
In the traditional atomization process, molten metal enters a nozzle through a flow leakage nozzle to be atomized, but because the molten metal is bombarded by supersonic gas, a gas field in the whole atomization process is relatively chaotic, metal particles with different sizes can be formed after the bombardment is completed, wherein the heat dissipation speed of large particles is slower, the solidification process is completed in a longer time, the time required for solidifying small particles with larger particle size is much shorter, and in a high-speed turbulent airflow, the small particles which are solidified can collide with the surfaces of the large particles which are not solidified completely, so that surface defects are caused. Meanwhile, the nozzle is easy to be blocked, so that the production process cannot be normally performed.
At present, the smelting of the traditional gas atomization equipment is separated from a flow-limiting pouring system, and the traditional gas atomization equipment is in certain contact with oxygen in the powder preparation process, so that the oxygen content of the powder is high, and the usability of the powder is affected. Some gas atomization powder making equipment is integrated with smelting and pouring, but the structure is too complex, the operation is troublesome, the price is high, the maintenance is difficult, and the large-scale application of the gas atomization powder making equipment is limited. Meanwhile, non-limiting atomizing nozzles are commonly adopted in China, and powder refinement is difficult to prepare. Although some special nozzle designs, the construction is relatively complex.
The Chinese patent literature discloses an integrated induction smelting gas atomization powder preparation device and a gas atomization powder preparation method, wherein the application publication number of the device is CN107116225A, and the axis of a nozzle of the device is perpendicular to the axis of a quartz tube, so that the blockage of the nozzle is avoided. However, this design does not allow continuous industrial production.
The invention discloses a device and a method for preparing spherical titanium powder and titanium alloy powder by gas atomization, and the application publication number of the device is CN 104475744A. However, this device is only directed to the continuous production of titanium and titanium alloy powders, which for alloys containing low melting point metals such as Al, tend to cause nozzle clogging.
The invention discloses a combined device for preparing spherical metal powder by utilizing an air atomization method, which has the application publication number of CN109848429A, and comprises more than two air atomization smelting furnaces of different types, wherein the device is not limited by the production conditions of a single air atomization smelting furnace and an atomization tower, can produce multiple types of powder in the same production system, and improves the production efficiency. The powder prepared by the device has larger size and large distribution range, and the powder surface is not clean.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-efficiency composite type gas atomization powder preparation device which is used for continuously preparing powder by gas atomization and arc discharge and effectively avoiding the blockage of a nozzle tip in the nozzle.
The invention also provides a method for preparing powder by utilizing the device for aerosolization, and the powder particles prepared by the method have the advantages of high spheroidization rate, good sphericity, small particle diameter and good surface quality, can be produced under airtight, high-vacuum and industrialized conditions, and is beneficial to large-scale industrialized production.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a high-efficiency composite gas atomization powder preparation device comprises a vacuum smelting system, an atomization system and a powder collection chamber which are connected in sequence; the vacuum smelting system comprises a vacuum smelting chamber, a high-frequency smelting coil, a smelting crucible, a first vacuum system, a first protective atmosphere gas circuit and a first cooling system, wherein the high-frequency smelting coil is positioned in the vacuum smelting chamber; the smelting crucible is positioned right below the high-frequency smelting coil, and the central lines of the smelting crucible and the high-frequency smelting coil are positioned on the same axis; the atomization system comprises an atomization chamber, a high-pressure non-oxidation gas circuit, an air atomization nozzle, an electrode gun, a second vacuum system, a second protective atmosphere gas circuit, an Ar gas circuit and a second cooling system, wherein the high-pressure non-oxidation gas circuit, the air atomization nozzle, the electrode gun, the second vacuum system, the second protective atmosphere gas circuit, the Ar gas circuit and the second cooling system are arranged in the atomization chamber; the air atomizing nozzle is provided with a central hole, and the central hole is provided with a guide device; the electrode gun is positioned below the aerosolization nozzle.
According to the invention, the electrode gun is creatively added on the dropping surface of the metal or alloy liquid drop, and the impact of the high-pressure non-oxidation air outlet on the metal or alloy liquid drop is relieved through the high-temperature plasma arc. The composite gas atomization powder making device integrates two technologies of gas atomization and arc discharge, and combines the two processes into one continuous powder making process. The arc discharge technology is used for solving the technical problems of nozzle blockage, insufficient particle refinement, wide particle size distribution, high-pressure gas path outlet and metal liquid drop angle design and the like which are common in the gas atomization technology.
Preferably, the air outlet of the high-pressure non-oxidation air path is 0-90% of the metal or alloy liquid flow o . Because the even-numbered high-energy electric arc supporting function of the liquid dripping method can lead the molten metal to stay in the gas atomization nozzle for a period of time, the angle between the gas outlet of the high-pressure non-oxidation gas circuit and the liquid drop is not excessively limited, and the angle is 0-90 o All the above materials can be used, and the inventive design can promote the refinement and uniform distribution of the particle size of the aerosolized powder.
Preferably, the aerosolization nozzle, the central bore, the guide, the high-frequency smelting coil and the electrode gun center point are on the same axis.
Preferably, the electrode gun is located at the position 3-5 mm below the lower edge of the aerosolization nozzle.
Preferably, at least two electrode guns are symmetrically arranged at the same center and are even in number, each electrode gun comprises an electrode, the distance between each electrode and the center of each circle is 3-5 mm, and the electrode is made of tungsten, graphite or niobium.
A method for preparing powder by aerosol atomization by using the device of any one of the above steps, comprising the following steps:
(1) Putting metal or alloy to be pulverized into a high-frequency smelting coil, sealing a vacuum smelting chamber, vacuumizing the whole device through a first vacuum system and a second vacuum system, introducing a first protective gas into the vacuum smelting chamber through a first protective atmosphere gas circuit, and introducing a second protective gas into an atomizing chamber and a powder collecting chamber through a second protective atmosphere gas circuit; high-purity Ar gas is backflushed into the atomizing chamber through an Ar gas circuit;
(2) Melting the metal or alloy to be milled by using a high-frequency melting coil, wherein the melting temperature of the melted metal or alloy to be milled exceeds the melting point of the metal or alloy to be milled by 100-300 o After C, forming a stable continuous metal or alloy stream;
(3) The metal or alloy liquid flow obtained in the step (2) freely falls under the action of gravity, and simultaneously, voltage is applied to an electrode gun to perform arcing discharge, and when the liquid flow leaves a gas atomization nozzle, the liquid flow is synchronously broken into tiny metal liquid drops by a high-energy plasma arc and inert gas flow generated by the nozzle; the step is to ionize Ar gas to obtain high temperature plasma with a temperature of thousands of DEG, so as to realize continuous heating of metal or alloy liquid, and the heating temperature of the nozzle is only 100-300 ℃ higher than the melting point by the traditional induction coil, thereby avoiding nozzle leakage blockage;
(4) Cooling and solidifying the metal or alloy liquid drops through a second cooling system in the descending process, atomizing powder, and falling into a powder collecting chamber at the lower end of the equipment;
(5) And after the aerosolized powder is sufficiently cooled to room temperature, screening and packaging can be performed.
The method for preparing the powder by gas atomization has simple process, and the prepared powder has finer granularity, narrower distribution and higher sphericity, can not cause the phenomenon of blocking a nozzle by liquid in the process of preparing the powder, and can change the pressure of the introduced gas and the pressure applied to an electrode gun to change the particle size and the particle size distribution ratio of the prepared powder.
Preferably, in the step (3), the voltage applied to the electrode gun is 30-100V, and the pressure of the atomized gas is 0.5-20 MPa. The invention can regulate the particle size and size distribution of the powder by the pressure of the atomizing gas and the voltage applied by the electrode gun, thereby realizing the large-scale industrialized preparation of the powder with small size (as low as 0.1 mu m) and uniform distribution.
Preferably, in the step (4), the particle size of the aerosolized powder is 0.1-50 μm, and the oxygen content is 100-1000 ppm.
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The composite gas atomization powder making device integrates two technologies of gas atomization and arc discharge, and combines the two processes into a continuous powder making process; the arc discharge technology is used for solving the technical problems of nozzle blockage, insufficient particle refinement, wide particle size distribution, high-pressure gas path outlet and metal liquid drop angle design and the like which are common in the gas atomization technology;
(2) The method for preparing the powder by gas atomization by adopting the device has simple process, the prepared powder has finer granularity, narrower distribution and higher sphericity, the phenomenon of blocking a nozzle by liquid can not occur in the process of preparing the powder, and simultaneously, the pressure of the introduced gas and the pressure on an electrode gun can be changed to change the particle size and the particle size distribution ratio of the prepared powder.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-efficiency composite aerosolized pulverizing apparatus of embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the position of the electrode gun of fig. 1.
In the figure: the device comprises a vacuum smelting chamber 1, a high-frequency smelting coil 2, a smelting crucible 3, a guiding device 4, a high-pressure non-oxidation gas circuit 5, an air atomizing nozzle 6, an electrode gun 7, an atomizing chamber 8, a powder collecting chamber 9, a first vacuum system 10, an observation window 11, an Ar gas circuit 12, a second protective atmosphere gas circuit 13, a first cooling system 14, a first protective atmosphere gas circuit 15, a second vacuum system 16 and a second cooling system 17.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described below through specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the present invention, all the equipment and raw materials are commercially available or commonly used in the industry, and the methods in the following examples are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a high-efficiency composite gas atomization pulverizing device comprises a vacuum melting system, an atomization system and a powder collecting chamber 9 which are sequentially connected.
The vacuum smelting system comprises a vacuum smelting chamber 1, a high-frequency smelting coil 2, a smelting crucible 3, a first vacuum system 10, a first protective atmosphere gas circuit 15 and a first cooling system 14, wherein the high-frequency smelting coil 2 is positioned in the vacuum smelting chamber; the smelting crucible is positioned right below the high-frequency smelting coil, and the central line of the smelting crucible is positioned on the same axis; the inner and outer parts of the high-frequency smelting coil are provided with ceramic protective covers with central holes made of yttrium oxide.
The vacuum melting chamber 1 is vacuumized through a first vacuum system 10, and then high-purity inert gas is backflushed into the vacuum melting chamber 1 through a first protective atmosphere gas circuit 15. The entire vacuum melting chamber 1 is kept at temperature by the first cooling system 14, taking heat away.
The atomization system comprises an atomization chamber 8, a high-pressure non-oxidation gas circuit 5, an air atomization nozzle 6, an electrode gun 7, a second vacuum system 16, a second protective atmosphere gas circuit 13, an Ar gas circuit 12 and a second cooling system 17, wherein the outer wall of the atomization chamber is provided with an observation window 11; the gas atomizing nozzle is provided with a central hole, the central hole is provided with a guiding device 4, and the electrode gun is positioned at the position 4mm below the gas atomizing nozzle. The air outlet of the high-pressure non-oxidation air path is 0 with the metal or alloy liquid flow o The gas atomization nozzle, the center hole, the guide device, the high-frequency smelting coil and the center point of the electrode gun are on the same axis.
As shown in FIG. 2, the electrode guns are arranged symmetrically at the same center, the electrode material of the electric shock gun is tungsten, and the distance from the center of the electrode gun to the center of the electrode gun is 3-5 mm. The atomizing chamber 8 is evacuated by a second vacuum system 16, and then high-purity inert gas and Ar gas are respectively flushed into the atomizing chamber 8 by a protective atmosphere 13 and an Ar gas path 12. The entire atomising chamber 8 is maintained at temperature by a second cooling system 17 to remove heat. The situation in the nebulization chamber 8 is observed through the observation window 11. The metal or alloy droplets solidify by cooling during the descent and finally fall into the powder collection chamber 9 at the lower end of the apparatus. And after the powder is sufficiently cooled to room temperature, screening and packaging the powder.
The method for preparing the powder by aerosol by using the device comprises the following steps:
(1) Three metals of Fe, si and Al are selected to be put into a high-frequency smelting coil 2, a vacuum smelting chamber 1 is sealed, the whole device is vacuumized through a first vacuum system 10 and a second vacuum system 16, and the vacuum degree in the vacuumized device at least reaches 1 multiplied by 10 -3 Pa; high purity N 2 The gas is introduced into the vacuum melting chamber 1 through the first protective atmosphere gas path 15 to lead the high-purity N 2 The gas is introduced into the atomizing chamber 8 and the powder collecting chamber 9 through the second protective atmosphere gas circuit 13, and the gas pressure of the vacuum smelting chamber, the atomizing chamber and the powder collecting chamber is 0.10 MPa; high-purity Ar gas is backflushed into fog through Ar gas circuitThe pressure of high-purity Ar gas in the atomizing chamber is 0.01 MPa;
(2) The high-frequency smelting coil with the power of 10kW is used for smelting three metals of Fe, si and Al, and after the three metals are smelted, the melt temperature exceeds the melting point of FeSi alloy by 100 percent o After C, forming a stable continuous FeSi alloy liquid flow;
(3) The FeSiAl alloy liquid flow obtained in the step (2) freely falls under the action of gravity, and the air outlet of the high-pressure non-oxidation air path is 0 with the FeSi alloy liquid flow o Simultaneously, voltage is applied to the electrode gun 7 to perform arcing discharge, and when liquid flow leaves the gas atomization nozzle, inert gas flow generated by the high-energy plasma arc and the nozzle is synchronously broken into fine metal liquid drops; the applied voltage of the electrode gun is 30V, and the atomized gas is high-purity N 2 The pressure of the gas is 0.5MPa; the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the
(4) The FeSi alloy liquid flow is cooled and solidified through a second cooling system in the descending process, and the atomized powder falls into a powder collecting chamber 9 at the lower end of the equipment, wherein the granularity of the atomized powder is 21 mu m, and the oxygen content is 350 ppm;
(5) And after the aerosolized powder is sufficiently cooled to room temperature, screening and packaging can be performed.
Example 2
The difference between the high-efficiency composite aerosolized powder making device of embodiment 2 and embodiment 1 is that: the air outlet of the high-pressure non-oxidation air path is 90 degrees with the metal or alloy liquid flow o The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The electrode guns are 8 and concentrically and symmetrically arranged, the electrode material of the electric shock gun is tungsten, the distance from the center of the circle is 3mm, and the rest structures are completely the same.
The method for preparing the powder by aerosol by using the device comprises the following steps:
(1) Putting two metals of Fe and Si into a high-frequency smelting coil 2, sealing a vacuum smelting chamber 1, vacuumizing the whole device through a first vacuum system 10 and a second vacuum system 16, and ensuring that the vacuum degree in the vacuumized device is at least 1 multiplied by 10 -4 Pa; high-purity nitrogen is introduced into the vacuum melting chamber 1 through the first protective atmosphere gas circuit 15, high-purity nitrogen is introduced into the atomizing chamber 8 and the powder collecting chamber 9 through the second protective atmosphere gas circuit 13,the gas pressure of the vacuum melting chamber, the atomizing chamber and the powder collecting chamber is 0.5MPa; the high-purity Ar gas is backflushed into an atomization chamber through an Ar gas circuit, and the pressure of the high-purity Ar gas in the atomization chamber is 0.05 MPa;
(2) The high-frequency smelting coil with the power of 300 kW is used for smelting two metals of Fe and Si, and after the two metals are smelted, the melt temperature exceeds the melting point 300 of FeSi alloy o After C, forming stable continuous Fe-Si alloy liquid flow;
(3) The Fe-Si alloy liquid flow obtained in the step (2) freely falls under the action of gravity, and the air outlet of the high-pressure non-oxidation air path is 90 degrees with the Fe-Si alloy liquid flow o Simultaneously, voltage is applied to the electrode gun 7 to perform arcing discharge, and when liquid flow leaves the gas atomization nozzle, inert gas flow generated by the high-energy plasma arc and the nozzle is synchronously broken into fine metal liquid drops; the applied voltage of the electrode gun is 100V, and the pressure of the atomized gas is 20 MPa;
(4) The Fe-Si alloy liquid flow is cooled and solidified through a second cooling system in the descending process, and the atomized powder falls into a powder collecting chamber 9 at the lower end of the equipment, wherein the atomized powder is spherical, the granularity is 33 mu m, and the oxygen content is 660 ppm;
(5) And after the aerosolized powder is sufficiently cooled to room temperature, screening and packaging can be performed.
Example 3
The difference between the high-efficiency composite aerosolized powder making device of embodiment 3 and embodiment 1 is that: the air outlet of the high-pressure non-oxidation air path is 45 with the metal or alloy liquid flow o The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The electrode guns are arranged symmetrically at the same center of the circle, the electrode material of the electric shock gun is tungsten, the distance from the center of the circle is 5mm, and the rest structures are identical.
The method for preparing the powder by aerosol by using the device comprises the following steps:
(1) Ti metal is put into a high-frequency smelting coil 2, a vacuum smelting chamber 1 is sealed, the whole device is vacuumized through a first vacuum system 10 and a second vacuum system 16, and the vacuum degree in the vacuumized device at least reaches 5 multiplied by 10 -4 Pa; high-purity nitrogen is introduced into the vacuum melting chamber 1 through the first protective atmosphere gas path 15, and the high-purity nitrogen is introducedThe gas is introduced into the atomizing chamber 8 and the powder collecting chamber 9 through the second protective atmosphere gas circuit 13, and the gas pressure of the vacuum smelting chamber, the atomizing chamber and the powder collecting chamber is 0.3 MPa; the high-purity Ar gas is backflushed into an atomization chamber through an Ar gas circuit, and the pressure of the high-purity Ar gas in the atomization chamber is 0.03 MPa;
(2) Melting Ti metal by using a high-frequency melting coil with power of 200 kW, and after the Ti metal is melted, the melt temperature exceeds the melting point of the metal or alloy to be pulverized by 200 o After C, forming a stable continuous Ti metal liquid stream;
(3) The Ti metal liquid flow obtained in the step (2) freely falls under the action of gravity, and the gas outlet of the high-pressure non-oxidation gas circuit is 45 degrees with the Ti metal liquid flow o The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Simultaneously, voltage is applied to the electrode gun 7 to perform arcing discharge, and when liquid flow leaves the gas atomization nozzle, inert gas flow generated by the high-energy plasma arc and the nozzle is synchronously broken into fine metal liquid drops; the applied voltage of the electrode gun is 80V, and the pressure of the atomized gas is 10MPa;
(4) The Ti metal liquid flow is cooled and solidified through a second cooling system in the descending process, and the gas atomized powder falls into a powder collecting chamber 9 at the lower end of the equipment, wherein the shape of the gas atomized powder is spherical, the granularity is 29 mu m, and the oxygen content is 410ppm;
(5) And after the aerosolized powder is sufficiently cooled to room temperature, screening and packaging can be performed.
Example 4
The difference between the high-efficiency composite aerosolized powder making device of embodiment 4 and embodiment 1 is that: the air outlet of the high-pressure non-oxidation air path is 60 with the metal or alloy liquid flow o The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The electrode guns are 6 and concentrically and symmetrically arranged, the electrode material of the electric shock gun is tungsten, the distance from the center of the circle is 3.5mm, and the rest structures are completely the same.
The method for preparing the powder by aerosol by using the device comprises the following steps:
(1) Mo metal is put into a high-frequency smelting coil 2, a vacuum smelting chamber 1 is sealed, the whole device is vacuumized through a first vacuum system 10 and a second vacuum system 16, and the vacuum degree in the vacuumized device at least reaches 7 multiplied by 10 -4 Pa; passing high purity nitrogen through a first guardThe atmosphere gas circuit 15 is led into the vacuum melting chamber 1, high-purity nitrogen is led into the atomizing chamber 8 and the powder collecting chamber 9 through the second protective atmosphere gas circuit 13, and the gas pressure of the vacuum melting chamber, the atomizing chamber and the powder collecting chamber is 0.2 MPa; the high-purity Ar gas is backflushed into an atomization chamber through an Ar gas circuit, and the pressure of the high-purity Ar gas in the atomization chamber is 0.02 MPa;
(2) Melting Mo metal by using a high-frequency melting coil with power of 100kW, and after the high-frequency melting coil is melted, the melt temperature exceeds the melting point 150 of the Mo metal o After C, forming a stable continuous Mo metal liquid stream;
(3) The Mo metal liquid flow obtained in the step (2) freely falls under the action of gravity, and the air outlet of the high-pressure non-oxidation air path is 60 with the metal or alloy liquid flow o The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Simultaneously, voltage is applied to the electrode gun 7 to perform arcing discharge, and when liquid flow leaves the gas atomization nozzle, inert gas flow generated by the high-energy plasma arc and the nozzle is synchronously broken into fine metal liquid drops; the applied voltage of the electrode gun is 70V, and the pressure of the atomized gas is 15 MPa;
(4) The Mo metal liquid drops are cooled and solidified through a second cooling system in the descending process, and the atomized powder falls into a powder collecting chamber 9 at the lower end of the equipment, wherein the granularity of the atomized powder is 28 mu m, and the oxygen content is 380 ppm;
(5) And after the aerosolized powder is sufficiently cooled to room temperature, screening and packaging can be performed.
Example 5
The difference between the high-efficiency composite aerosolized powder making device of embodiment 5 and embodiment 1 is that: the air outlet of the high-pressure non-oxidation air path is 70 with the metal or alloy liquid flow o The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The electrode guns are arranged symmetrically at the same center of the circle, the electrode material of the electric shock gun is tungsten, the distance from the center of the circle is 4.5mm, and the rest structures are identical.
The method for preparing the powder by aerosol by using the device comprises the following steps:
(1) Three metals of Fe, si and Cr are put into a high-frequency smelting coil 2, a vacuum smelting chamber 1 is sealed, the whole device is vacuumized through a first vacuum system 10 and a second vacuum system 16, and the vacuum degree in the vacuumized device at least reaches2×10 -4 Pa; high-purity nitrogen is introduced into the vacuum melting chamber 1 through the first protective atmosphere gas circuit 15, high-purity nitrogen is introduced into the atomizing chamber 8 and the powder collecting chamber 9 through the second protective atmosphere gas circuit 13, and the gas pressure of the vacuum melting chamber, the atomizing chamber and the powder collecting chamber is 0.3 MPa; the high-purity Ar gas is backflushed into an atomization chamber through an Ar gas circuit, and the pressure of the high-purity Ar gas in the atomization chamber is 0.04 MPa;
(2) The high-frequency smelting coil with the power of 80kW is used for smelting three metals of Fe, si and Cr, and after the three metals are smelted, the melt temperature exceeds the melting point 180 of FeSiCr alloy o After C, forming stable continuous FeSiCr alloy liquid flow;
(3) The FeSiCr alloy liquid flow obtained in the step (2) freely falls under the action of gravity, and the air outlet of the high-pressure non-oxidation air path is 70 with the FeSiCr alloy liquid flow o The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Simultaneously, voltage is applied to the electrode gun 7 to perform arcing discharge, and when liquid flow leaves the gas atomization nozzle, inert gas flow generated by the high-energy plasma arc and the nozzle is synchronously broken into fine metal liquid drops; the applied voltage of the electrode gun is 60V, and the pressure of the atomized gas is 10MPa;
(4) The FeSiCr alloy liquid flow is cooled and solidified through a second cooling system in the descending process, and the atomized powder falls into a powder collecting chamber 9 at the lower end of the equipment, wherein the atomized powder is spherical, the granularity is 30 mu m, and the oxygen content is 340ppm;
(5) And after the aerosolized powder is sufficiently cooled to room temperature, screening and packaging can be performed.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention in any way, but other variations and modifications are possible without departing from the technical solution described in the claims.
Claims (9)
1. The efficient combined type gas atomization powder preparation device is characterized by comprising a vacuum smelting system, an atomization system and a powder collection chamber which are connected in sequence; the vacuum smelting system comprises a vacuum smelting chamber, a high-frequency smelting coil, a smelting crucible, a first vacuum system, a first protective atmosphere gas circuit and a first cooling system, wherein the high-frequency smelting coil is positioned in the vacuum smelting chamber; the smelting crucible is positioned right below the high-frequency smelting coil, and the central lines of the smelting crucible and the high-frequency smelting coil are positioned on the same axis; the atomization system comprises an atomization chamber, a high-pressure non-oxidation gas circuit, an air atomization nozzle, an electrode gun, a second vacuum system, a second protective atmosphere gas circuit, an Ar gas circuit and a second cooling system, wherein the high-pressure non-oxidation gas circuit, the air atomization nozzle, the electrode gun, the second vacuum system, the second protective atmosphere gas circuit, the Ar gas circuit and the second cooling system are arranged in the atomization chamber; the air atomizing nozzle is provided with a central hole, and the central hole is provided with a guide device; the electrode gun is located at the position 3-5 mm below the lower edge of the gas atomization nozzle.
2. The efficient composite aerosolizing and pulverizing device according to claim 1, wherein the high-frequency smelting coil is internally and externally provided with a ceramic protective cover with a central hole, and the ceramic protective cover is made of yttrium oxide, zirconium oxide, boron nitride or aluminum oxide.
3. The efficient composite gas atomization powder making device according to claim 1, wherein the gas outlet of the high-pressure non-oxidation gas circuit is 0-90% of the metal or alloy liquid flow o 。
4. The efficient composite aerosolized powder process apparatus of claim 1 wherein the aerosolized nozzle, center bore, guide, high-frequency melting coil, and electrode gun center point are on the same axis.
5. The efficient composite aerosolized powder process device of claim 4, wherein at least two of the electrode guns are symmetrically arranged in an even number at the same center, the electrode guns comprise electrodes, the electrodes are 3-5 mm away from the center, and the electrodes are made of tungsten, graphite or niobium.
6. A method of aerosolizing a powder using the apparatus of any one of claims 1-5, comprising the steps of:
(1) Putting metal or alloy to be pulverized into a high-frequency smelting coil, sealing a vacuum smelting chamber, vacuumizing the whole device through a first vacuum system and a second vacuum system, introducing a first protective gas into the vacuum smelting chamber through a first protective atmosphere gas circuit, and introducing a second protective gas into an atomizing chamber and a powder collecting chamber through a second protective atmosphere gas circuit; high-purity Ar gas is backflushed into the atomizing chamber through an Ar gas circuit;
(2) Melting the metal or alloy to be milled by using a high-frequency melting coil, wherein the melting temperature of the melted metal or alloy to be milled exceeds the melting point of the metal or alloy to be milled by 100-300 o After C, forming a stable continuous metal or alloy stream;
(3) The metal or alloy liquid flow obtained in the step (2) freely falls under the action of gravity, and simultaneously, voltage is applied to an electrode gun to perform arcing discharge, and when the liquid flow leaves a gas atomization nozzle, the liquid flow is synchronously broken into tiny metal liquid drops by a high-energy plasma arc and inert gas flow generated by the nozzle;
(4) The metal or alloy liquid drops are cooled and solidified through a second cooling system in the descending process, so that atomized powder falls into a powder collecting chamber at the lower end of the device.
7. The method for preparing powder by aerosolization according to claim 6, wherein,
in the step (1), the vacuum degree in the vacuumized device is at least 1 multiplied by 10 -3 Pa；
The gas pressure of the vacuum melting chamber, the atomizing chamber and the powder collecting chamber is 0.10-0.5 MPa;
the pressure of high-purity Ar gas in the atomization chamber is 0.01-0.05 MPa;
in the step (2), the power of the high-frequency smelting coil is 10-300 kW.
8. The method of atomizing powder according to claim 6, wherein in the step (3), the electrode gun is applied at a voltage of 30 to 100V, and the atomizing gas pressure is 0.5 to 20 MPa.
9. The method of aerosolizing a powder according to claim 6, wherein in the step (4), the particle size of the aerosolized powder is 0.1 to 50 μm and the oxygen content is 100 to 1000 ppm.
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