CN107322001A - A kind of 3D printing metal dust and its preparation facilities and method - Google Patents
A kind of 3D printing metal dust and its preparation facilities and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107322001A CN107322001A CN201710465118.5A CN201710465118A CN107322001A CN 107322001 A CN107322001 A CN 107322001A CN 201710465118 A CN201710465118 A CN 201710465118A CN 107322001 A CN107322001 A CN 107322001A
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- Prior art keywords
- nozzle
- printing
- powder
- metal dust
- metal
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/10—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying using centrifugal force
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to technology of metal powder field, a kind of 3D printing metal dust and its preparation facilities and method are disclosed.Based on the preparation method of 3D printing metal dust of the present invention is using the ripe gas atomization in this area, liquid metal passes sequentially through double-deck annular distance nozzle, circumferential wave card, multilevel screen, it is remarkably improved powder by atomization efficiency, reduce powder size, the sphericity of metal dust product is improved, the metal dust product for meeting 3D printing requirement is prepared.3D printing of the present invention is designed with apparatus for preparing metal powder using double-deck annular distance nozzle, is significantly improved powder by atomization efficiency, is reduced powder size, can be effectively improved the sphericity of metal dust product using the design of annular corrugated graphite cake, be reduced powder diameter scope；Coordinate annular corrugated graphite cake under the action of the centrifugal, the equipment investment of later stage powder-processed is reduced by setting multilevel screen, it is energy-saving, reduce production cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technology of metal powder field, more particularly, to a kind of 3D printing metal dust and its preparation
Apparatus and method.
Background technology
3D printing technique is designed a model as source with the dimension of computer 3, by the way that software hierarchy is discrete and numerical control molding system,
The special materials such as metal dust, ceramic powders, plastics, cell tissue are carried out successively using modes such as laser beam, hot melt nozzles
Accumulation is cohered, final superposition shaping, is produced entity products, is developed rapidly in manufacture field, the whole world is had become in recent years
One of emerging technology most paid close attention to, especially has weight in the high-end technical field such as Aero-Space, automobile and defence equipment are built
The application wanted and development prospect.
Metal dust for 3D printing is to the microstructure of product, and physical property is played in conclusive influence, industry
It is the metallic particles group that size is less than 1mm to define powder.Powder stock is in addition to it need to possess good plasticity, it is necessary to meet powder
Last particle diameter is tiny, impurity content is low, narrower particle size distribution, sphericity are high, good fluidity and apparent density height etc. are required, according to not
In the range of same 3D printing technique, 1 ~ 150 μm of mesh of optimized particle size of metal dust, different printing technology are to metal dust particle diameter
It is required that slightly different.Use powder by atomization technology more domestic 3D printing metal dust, but have that yield is small, product granularity point
Cloth is uneven, and sphericity is low, is in experimental level mostly and is directed to the research of atomizer, it is impossible to realizes commercialization high-volume
Production, the most dependence on import of 3D printing material is expensive, causes production cost to improve, greatly limit 3D printing technique and exist
The application and popularization of China.Therefore, the preparation research of 3D printing metal dust is actively developed, to realize that mass production is
It is very necessary.
It, using the powder production method that most ripe, consumption is maximum in powder metallurgy industry, is also powder that gas atomization, which is,
Directly contacting for molten metal and air is avoided in the basis of metallurgy component manufacture powder, its preparation process, always by regarding
To prepare the effective way of the high-end metal dusts such as low oxygen content, low impurity content, high sphericity.The present invention proposes a kind of double
Layer annular distance nozzle, the gas-atomized powder device of granulation classification integration, are remarkably improved powder by atomization efficiency, reduction powder grain
Degree, improves the sphericity of metal dust product, prepares the metal dust product for meeting 3D printing requirement.It is atomized granulating system
It is simple in construction, while reducing the input of screening plant, energy consumption is reduced, production cost is reduced, improves production efficiency
Current country's 3D printing metal dust raw material generally existing particle sphericity is low, particle diameter distribution is wide, and size is less than normal to ask
Topic, most dependence on import is expensive, causes production cost to improve, greatly limit 3D printing techniques in the application of China and
Promote.
The content of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that for using powder by atomization technology domestic 3D printing metal dust, but deposit more
Yield is small, Granularity Distribution is uneven, the problem of sphericity is low, the present invention provides a kind of 3D printing and prepared with metal dust
Device, makes the metal dust prepared have the advantages that high narrower particle size distribution, sphericity, good fluidity and apparent density are high,
Meet 3D printing raw material requirement.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of 3D printing metal dust.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of preparation method of 3D printing metal dust is provided, using gas atomization, including：
The reaction unit of supply liquid metals is set；The reaction unit exit is provided with guiding gutter, in the guiding gutter lower end
It is provided to break up the nozzle of liquid metals；The nozzle is provided with inner ring spray orifice and outer shroud spray orifice；
Rotatable circumferential wave card is set, and the circumferential wave card is located at below nozzle；
In the centrifugal direction of the circumferential wave card, multilevel screen is set；
Liquid metal in the reaction unit flows out under the pressure of nitrogen from guiding gutter, is sprayed in nozzle described in guiding gutter lower end
The high-speed gas gone out smash liquid metal, form molten drop and its top layer is rapidly cooled down, high-temperature metal particle is in rotation
Rotation is thrown away on circumferential wave card, and under the action of the centrifugal force, high-temperature metal particle finally gives 3D and beaten respectively through multi-stage screening
Print metal dust.
The present invention reduces cost to improve 3D printing metal powder output, using the gas atomization that this area is ripe
Based on method, creative high-speed gas sprayed using double-deck annular distance nozzle smash molten metal stream, improve powder by atomization effect
Rate, has broken the thinking that atomizer is used in routine techniques；For the molten metal stream for coordinating high-speed gas to smash, superelevation is employed
The circumferential wave card of rotating speed carries out second-time breakage, and carrying out effective assisted with high-temperature metallic particles rotation increases its sphericity, then passes through
Multilevel screen screens out fine grained, effectively reduces particle size range, reduces the equipment investment of later stage powder-processed, reaches 3D
Print powder requirement.
Preferably, the rotating speed of the circumferential wave card is 10000~30000 turns/min.
One kind is provided and prepares 3D printing metal dust device, including reaction unit, gas atomization device and cooling tower granulation
Grading plant；The reaction unit granulates grading plant by gas atomization device and cooling tower and is connected；
The gas atomization device includes guiding gutter and nozzle；The guiding gutter is connected with reaction unit, the guiding gutter it is another
End is provided with nozzle, and the nozzle includes inner ring spray orifice and outer shroud spray orifice；
The cooling tower granulation grading plant includes rotatable circumferential wave card and multilevel screen, and the circumferential wave card is located at
Below nozzle, multilevel screen is set in the centrifugal direction of the circumferential wave card.
Reaction unit of the present invention is used to provide liquid metal, and atomising device is used to smash liquid metal, creatively used
Inner and outer rings spray orifice is designed, and liquid metals is smashed by dual high velocity air, improves powder by atomization efficiency；Atomising device formation
Molten drop cooling tower granulation grading plant in rapidly cool down, then fall high speed rotation circumferential wave card on carry out it is secondary
It is broken, particle size range is reduced by multi-stage screening under the action of the centrifugal, so that the purpose of granulation classification integration is reached,
While greatly improving production efficiency, the requirement of product granularity and sphericity is also achieved.
Preferably, the angle [alpha] of the inner ring spray orifice formation injection of the nozzle is 60~90 °.
Preferably, the angle beta of the outer shroud spray orifice formation injection of the nozzle is 40~60 °.
Preferably, the crest of the circumferential wave card and trough height difference are 0.5~5mm.
Preferably, the circumferential wave card uses graphite material.
Preferably, the multilevel screen includes one-level screen cloth and two grades of screen clothes, the mesh number of the one-level screen cloth for 120~
160 mesh, the mesh number of two grades of screen clothes is 800~1200 mesh.
The present invention also provides the 3D printing metal dust that a kind of use above method and equipment are prepared.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect：
Based on the preparation method of 3D printing metal dust of the present invention is using the ripe gas atomization in this area, liquid metal
Double-deck annular distance nozzle, circumferential wave card, multilevel screen are passed sequentially through, powder by atomization efficiency is remarkably improved, powder size is reduced,
The sphericity of metal dust product is improved, the metal dust product for meeting 3D printing requirement is prepared.
3D printing of the present invention is with metal dust device using granulation classification integrated design, and apparatus structure is simple；Using making
Grain classification integrated design reduces the input of screening plant, reduces energy consumption, reduces production cost；Improve production efficiency.
Bilayer annular distance nozzle design of the invention, significantly improves powder by atomization efficiency, powder size is reduced, using annular corrugated
Graphite cake design can effectively improve the sphericity of metal dust product, reduce powder diameter scope；Coordinate annular corrugated graphite
Plate under the action of the centrifugal, later stage powder-processed equipment investment is reduced by setting multilevel screen, energy-saving, reduction is produced into
This.
3D printing metal dust Granularity Distribution that the present invention is prepared is uniform, grain through be mainly distributed on 20 μm~
Between 45 μm.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 gas atomization device schematic diagrames.
Fig. 2 prepares 3D printing metal dust schematic device.
The D printing metal powder laser results of grain size analysis figures that Fig. 3 embodiments 2 are prepared.
The D printing metal dusts SEM figures that Fig. 4 embodiments 2 are prepared.
Wherein, 1- nitrogen cylinders, 2- nitrogen adjustment valves, 3- nitrogen inlets, 4- nitrogen intervention pipe, 5- charging apertures, 6- agitating shafts,
7- vent valves, 8- reactors, 9- chucks, 10- outlet valves, 11- nozzles, 12- cooling towers, 13, cooling tower protective cover, 14,16- mono-
Level stainless steel sieve, 15, bis- grades of stainless steels of 17- sieve, the annular corrugated graphite cakes of 18-, 19- power transmission shafts, 20- motors, 21,24- one-levels
Powder discharging bin, 22, the last discharging bin of 25- second patent flours, 23,26- three-level powder discharging bins, 27- guiding gutters, 28- nozzle housings,
29- air jetting holes.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.Wherein, being given for example only property of accompanying drawing illustrates,
What is represented is only schematic diagram, rather than pictorial diagram, it is impossible to be interpreted as the limitation to this patent；In order to which the reality of the present invention is better described
Example is applied, some parts of accompanying drawing have omission, zoomed in or out, and do not represent the size of actual product；To those skilled in the art
For, some known features and its explanation may be omitted and will be understood by accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Fig. 1~2, the present embodiment provides one kind and prepares 3D printing metal dust device, including reaction unit, aerosolization
Device and cooling tower granulation grading plant；Reaction unit granulates grading plant by gas atomization device and cooling tower and is connected；
Reaction unit includes nitrogen cylinder 1, nitrogen adjustment valve 2, nitrogen inlet 3, nitrogen intervention pipe 4, charging aperture 5, agitating shaft 6, put
Air valve 7, reactor 8, chuck 9 and outlet valve 10, nitrogen cylinder 1 adjust nitrogen by nitrogen adjustment valve 2 and enter nitrogen inlet 3, nitrogen
The nitrogen of gas import 3 is intervened pipe 4 by nitrogen and entered in reactor 8, and reactor 8 is provided with agitating shaft 6, charging aperture 5, vent valve
7th, chuck 9 and outlet valve 10, outlet valve 10 are connected with gas atomization device；
Gas atomization device includes nozzle 11, guiding gutter 27 and air jetting holes 29；One end of guiding gutter 27 is connected with outlet valve 10, is led
The other end of chute 27 is provided with nozzle 11, and nozzle 11 includes air jetting holes 29 and nozzle housing 28, and air jetting holes 29 are externally provided with spray
Mouth shell 28, air jetting holes 29 include inner ring spray orifice and outer shroud spray orifice, the angle [alpha] of the inner ring spray orifice formation injection of air jetting holes 29
For 60~90 °, the angle beta of the outer shroud spray orifice formation injection of air jetting holes 29 is 40~60 °,
Cooling tower granulation grading plant include cooling tower 12, cooling tower protective cover 13, multilevel screen, annular corrugated graphite cake 18,
Power transmission shaft 19, motor 20；Cooling tower protective cover 13 is located on cooling tower 12, provided with multilevel screen, annular corrugated in cooling tower 12
Graphite cake 18, power transmission shaft 19 and motor 20, power transmission shaft 19 and the composition transmission system of motor 20 control annular corrugated graphite cake 18 to revolve
Turn；The crest of annular corrugated graphite cake 18 is 0.5~5mm with trough height difference, and it is 120~160 mesh that multilevel screen, which includes mesh number,
One-level stainless steel sieve 14 and 16, mesh number be 800~1200 purpose, two grades of stainless steels sieve 15 and 17, cooling tower 12 be provided with it is many
One-level powder discharging bin 21 and 24, second patent flour end discharging bin 22 and 25, three-level powder discharging bin 23 and 26 that level screen cloth coordinates.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of preparation method of 3D printing metal dust, using the equipment of embodiment 1, and coordinates gas mist
Change method, including：
The reaction unit of supply liquid metals is set；Reaction unit exit is provided with guiding gutter 27, is set in the lower end of guiding gutter 27
Nozzle 11 for fracturing fluid metal；Nozzle 11 is provided with inner ring spray orifice and outer shroud spray orifice；
Rotatable annular corrugated graphite cake 18 is set, and annular corrugated graphite cake 18 is located at the lower section of nozzle 11；
In the centrifugal direction of annular corrugated graphite cake 18, multilevel screen is set；
Liquid metal in reaction unit flows out under the pressure of nitrogen from guiding gutter 27, is sprayed in the lower end nozzle 11 of guiding gutter 27
High-speed gas smash liquid metal, forming molten drop simultaneously makes its top layer rapidly cool down, ring of the high-temperature metal particle in rotation
Rotate and throw away on shape ripple graphite cake 18, the rotating speed of annular corrugated graphite cake 18 is 10000~30000 turns/min, in centrifugal force
Under effect, high-temperature metal particle finally gives 3D printing metal dust respectively through multi-stage screening.
The performance for the 3D printing metal dust that the present embodiment is prepared is as shown in Fig. 3~Fig. 4.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of preparation method of 3D printing metal dust, it is characterised in that use gas atomization, including：
The reaction unit of supply liquid metals is set, and the reaction unit exit is provided with guiding gutter, in the guiding gutter lower end
The nozzle of liquid metals is provided to break up, the nozzle is provided with inner ring spray orifice and outer shroud spray orifice；
Rotatable circumferential wave card is set, and the circumferential wave card is located at below nozzle；
In the centrifugal direction of the circumferential wave card, multilevel screen is set；
Liquid metal in the reaction unit flows out under the pressure of nitrogen from guiding gutter, is sprayed in nozzle described in guiding gutter lower end
The high-speed gas gone out smash liquid metal, form molten drop and its top layer is rapidly cooled down, high-temperature metal particle is in rotation
Rotation is thrown away on circumferential wave card, and under the action of the centrifugal force, high-temperature metal particle finally gives 3D and beaten respectively through multi-stage screening
Print metal dust.
2. the preparation method of 3D printing metal dust according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the circumferential wave card turns
Speed is 10000~30000 turns/min.
3. a kind of 3D printing apparatus for preparing metal powder, it is characterised in that including reaction unit, gas atomization device and cooling tower
Granulate grading plant；The reaction unit granulates grading plant by gas atomization device and cooling tower and is connected；
The gas atomization device includes guiding gutter and nozzle；The guiding gutter is connected with reaction unit, the guiding gutter it is another
End is provided with nozzle, and the nozzle includes inner ring spray orifice and outer shroud spray orifice；
The cooling tower granulation grading plant includes rotatable circumferential wave card and multilevel screen, and the circumferential wave card is located at
Below nozzle, multilevel screen is set in the centrifugal direction of the circumferential wave card.
4. 3D printing apparatus for preparing metal powder according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the inner ring spray orifice of the nozzle
The angle [alpha] for forming injection is 60~90 °.
5. 3D printing apparatus for preparing metal powder according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the outer shroud spray orifice of the nozzle
The angle beta for forming injection is 40~60 °.
6. 3D printing apparatus for preparing metal powder according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the circumferential wave card is used
Graphite material.
7. 3D printing apparatus for preparing metal powder according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the multilevel screen includes one
Level screen cloth and two grades of screen clothes, the mesh number of the one-level screen cloth is 120~160 mesh, and the mesh number of two grades of screen clothes is 800~1200
Mesh.
8. 3D printing apparatus for preparing metal powder according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the annular corrugated Lamb wave peak
It is 0.5~5mm with trough height difference.
9. a kind of 3D printing metal dust, it is characterised in that the 3D printing metal as described in claim 3~8 any one
Powder preparing unit is manufactured.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710465118.5A CN107322001A (en) | 2017-06-19 | 2017-06-19 | A kind of 3D printing metal dust and its preparation facilities and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710465118.5A CN107322001A (en) | 2017-06-19 | 2017-06-19 | A kind of 3D printing metal dust and its preparation facilities and method |
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ID=60195814
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| CN201710465118.5A Pending CN107322001A (en) | 2017-06-19 | 2017-06-19 | A kind of 3D printing metal dust and its preparation facilities and method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108031853A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-05-15 | 湖南工业大学 | A kind of preparation facilities and preparation method of 3D printing composite granule |
| CN109513942A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2019-03-26 | 安徽中体新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of nano/submicron globular metallic powder aerosolization preparation method |
| CN113345632A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-09-03 | 深圳市金环宇电线电缆有限公司 | Tin-plated copper core fluorinated ethylene propylene insulated wire for aerospace and manufacturing device |
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| CN113345632A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-09-03 | 深圳市金环宇电线电缆有限公司 | Tin-plated copper core fluorinated ethylene propylene insulated wire for aerospace and manufacturing device |
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Application publication date: 20171107 |