CN108158030B - Extraction method of compound traditional Chinese medicine extract and application of compound traditional Chinese medicine extract in cigarettes - Google Patents
Extraction method of compound traditional Chinese medicine extract and application of compound traditional Chinese medicine extract in cigarettes Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for extracting a composite traditional Chinese medicine extract, which comprises the following steps: 1) mixing and grinding Glechomae herba leaf, aerial parts of herba Cymbopogonis, pariphyllin leaf, cortex pseudolaricis, herba Polygoni Ciliinerve and radix Puerariae, soaking in ethanol water solution for extraction, and filtering to obtain soaking solution and soaking residue; 2) soaking the soaking residue in aqueous solution of malic acid and citric acid, extracting at high temperature and under high pressure, and filtering to obtain extractive solution and residue; 3) mixing the extraction residues with water, pulping, performing enzymolysis on the pulp by using a complex enzyme, adding L-leucine after the enzymolysis to perform Maillard reaction, and obtaining reaction liquid after the reaction is finished; 4) respectively concentrating the soaking solution and the extracting solution under reduced pressure, concentrating the reaction solution under reduced pressure to obtain paste, and fully mixing the concentrated solution and the concentrated paste to obtain the compound traditional Chinese medicine extract. According to the invention, the compound traditional Chinese medicine extract is added into the cigarette tobacco shreds, so that the content of HCN and benzo [ a ] pyrene in the mainstream smoke is obviously reduced, the harmfulness of the cigarette smoke is reduced, and the harm of smoking to human bodies is reduced while the requirements of consumers are met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cigarette additives, and particularly relates to a method for extracting a composite traditional Chinese medicine extract and application of the composite traditional Chinese medicine extract in cigarettes.
Background
The Chinese herbal medicine is applied to cigarettes to reduce the harm of cigarette smoke to human bodies, and has two main effects, on one hand, the Chinese herbal medicine extract is added into tobacco shreds, the Chinese herbal medicine substances in the tobacco shreds are heated in a gradient manner by burning the tobacco shreds, the effective components are steamed, gasified, volatilized and sublimated, and enter the cigarette smoke to capture the harmful components in the smoke or block the generation of the harmful components; on the other hand, Chinese herbal medicine components which are added into the cigarette and are beneficial to the body can enter the body along with the smoke, such as organic compounds of alkaloid, flavone, funnoside, phytoalexin, amino acid, vitamin and the like, and trace elements of iron, zinc, selenium and the like. China has rich Chinese herbal medicine resources and the theoretical basis of traditional Chinese medicine, and hoofs select Chinese herbal medicines which can selectively reduce harmful ingredients in cigarette smoke and are used for reducing the harm of smoking to health, so that the method is a way for developing the characteristic of low-harm Chinese cigarettes.
Mainstream Smoke (MS), which is the portion of smoke that enters the respiratory tract directly after being filtered during smoking; when the cigarette is sucked in the gap, the air flow speed in the cigarette is greatly reduced, the oxygen content near the combustion cone is sufficient, the oxidation reaction is mainly generated, and side-Stream Smoke (SS) is generated and is directly diffused and released to the environment through the cigarette paper. The mainstream smoke enters the lung through the respiratory tract of a smoker, can stimulate the central nervous system of a human body to generate an excitation effect, and directly determines the sensory quality of the cigarette smoke.
The cigarette mainstream smoke contains a large amount of substances harmful to human health, such as nicotine, tar, benzopyrene, crotonaldehyde, hydrocyanic acid and the like in the grain phase, and carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and the like in the gas phase. Wherein Nicotine is also called Nicotine (Nicotine), has a chemical formula of C10H14N2, and is alkaloid with strong volatility, bitter taste, and exciting effect. Nicotine can stimulate central nervous system to excite, increase epinephrine secretion, refresh mind, relieve fatigue, and increase pleasure, and can be absorbed by human body via oral cavity, nasal cavity, and trachea during smoking. After smokers have nicotine dependence, the smokers have smoking addiction, and long-term nicotine inhalation can reduce the vitality and memory of human bodies and easily cause cardiovascular diseases. Hydrocyanic acid, molecular formula HCN, is a highly toxic substance seriously harming human health. The tobacco smoke additive is a reaction product of nitrate, amino acid and the like in tobacco leaves, exists in gas phase and particle phase parts of main stream smoke at the same time, and has the proportion close to 1: 1, the content is not high, but the compound has the strongest cilia toxicity in the main stream smoke of the cigarette. HCN can inhibit the activity of 42 kinds of respiratory enzymes in human histiocyte, prevent histiocyte from normally utilizing oxygen in blood, damage human central nervous system, and can be quickly metabolized into thiocyanate in liver. Organic fragments obtained by insufficient combustion of tobacco under high-temperature and oxygen-deficient conditions form different kinds of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) in the polymerization process. About 30 PAHs with carcinogenicity have been identified in smoke, of which benzo [ a ] pyrene is the most typical carcinogen.
At present, people pay more and more attention to the health of the people, the release amount of harmful ingredients in cigarette smoke is controlled and reduced, the harmfulness of the cigarette smoke is reduced, and the great significance is achieved for reducing the harm of smoking to human bodies while meeting the requirements of consumers.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to realize the purpose, the invention provides a method for extracting a compound traditional Chinese medicine extract, which comprises the following steps:
1) mixing and grinding Glechomae herba leaves, aerial parts of herba Cymbopogonis, pariphyllin leaves, cortex pseudolaricis, herba Polygoni Ciliinerve and radix Puerariae, soaking the ground powder in a mixed solution of ethanol and water at 80-90 deg.C for more than or equal to 5 hr, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain a soaking solution and soaking residues;
2) soaking the soaking slag into an aqueous solution of malic acid and citric acid to form a mixed solution, putting the mixed solution into a closed container for high-pressure extraction, wherein the extraction pressure is 5-10 standard atmospheric pressures, the extraction temperature is not less than 120 ℃, balancing the internal and external air pressures of the closed container after the extraction is finished, naturally cooling the mixed solution to room temperature, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain an extracting solution and extracting slag;
3) mixing the extraction residues with water, putting the mixture into a pulping machine, pulping to obtain suspended slurry, adding the suspended slurry into a composite enzymolysis liquid, carrying out enzymolysis in an ultrasonic environment, filtering to remove solid-phase particles in the slurry after the enzymolysis is finished, dripping a small amount of ammonia water into the slurry to adjust the pH value, then adding L-leucine to carry out Maillard reaction and fully stirring, and obtaining reaction liquid after the reaction is finished;
4) and respectively concentrating the soak solution and the extracting solution under reduced pressure, concentrating the reaction solution to paste under reduced pressure, and fully mixing the concentrated paste of the reaction solution and the solution obtained after concentrating the soak solution and the extracting solution under reduced pressure to obtain the compound traditional Chinese medicine extract.
Further, in the step 1), the desmodium, the lemongrass, the paris polyphylla, the pseudolarix, the hedyotis diffusa and the kudzuvine root are respectively calculated according to the parts by weight: 10-20 parts of longtube ground ivy leaf, 8-15 parts of lemongrass herb, 9-16 parts of manyleaf paris rhizome leaf, 2-7 parts of pseudolarix, 2-3 parts of hedyotis and 2-3 parts of kudzu root.
Further, in the step 1), the desmodium, the lemongrass, the paris polyphylla, the pseudolarix, the hedyotis diffusa and the kudzuvine root are respectively calculated according to the parts by weight: 13 parts of longtube ground ivy herb, 11 parts of lemongrass herb, 10 parts of manyleaf paris rhizome, 4.5 parts of pseudolarix, 2 parts of hedyotis diffusa and 2 parts of kudzuvine root.
Further, in the step 1), the volume ratio of ethanol to water in the mixed solution of ethanol and water is 3:7, the solid-liquid mass ratio of the ground powder to the ethanol aqueous solution is 1: 3-5, and the soak solution in the step 4) is concentrated under reduced pressure to 1/5-1/4 of the original volume.
Further, in the step 2), in the aqueous solution of malic acid and citric acid, the mass percentages of malic acid and citric acid are respectively: 20% -25% and 6% -8%, the solid-liquid mass ratio of the soaking slag to the aqueous solution of malic acid and citric acid is 1: 3-5, the high-pressure extraction time is not less than 2h, and the extracting solution in the step 4) is concentrated under reduced pressure to 1/5-1/4 of the original volume.
Further, in the step 3), the mixing mass ratio of the extraction residues to water is 1: 2-3, the pulping clearance is 0.05-0.1 mm, the composite enzymatic hydrolysate contains cellulase, pectinase and protease, the mass percentage content of the cellulase, the pectinase and the protease in the composite enzymatic extract is 0.6-0.8%, 0.05-0.1% and 0.1-0.2%, the mass ratio of the suspension slurry to the composite enzymatic extract is 1: 0.1-0.3, the enzymolysis temperature is 45-50 ℃, the enzymolysis time is more than 2 hours, the addition amount of L-leucine is 0.03-0.1 times of the mass of the suspension slurry, the Maillard reaction temperature is 85-100 ℃, the reaction time is 1-5 hours, and the pH value is 8-9.
The invention also discloses application of the prepared composite traditional Chinese medicine extract as a cigarette additive to adding cigarette tobacco shreds.
Further, the addition amount of the compound traditional Chinese medicine extract is 0.2-0.3% of the weight of the tobacco shreds.
According to the technical scheme, the invention has the advantages that: according to the invention, the compound traditional Chinese medicine extract is added into the tobacco shreds of the cigarettes, the Chinese herbal medicine substances in the tobacco shreds are subjected to gradient heating, the effective components are steamed, gasified, volatilized and sublimated, and enter the smoke of the cigarettes to capture harmful components in the smoke, so that the content of HCN and benzo [ a ] pyrene in the mainstream smoke is obviously reduced, the harmfulness of the smoke of the cigarettes is reduced, the requirements of consumers are met, meanwhile, the harm of smoking to human bodies is reduced, and the cigarette smoke has good use value.
Detailed Description
The following is a detailed description with reference to examples:
example 1
A method for extracting a compound traditional Chinese medicine extract comprises the following steps:
1) mixing and grinding the desmodium leaves, the overground parts of the lemongrass, the pariphyllin leaves, the pseudolarix, the hedyotis flowers and the kudzuvine roots, wherein the desmodium leaves, the lemongrass, the pariphyllin leaves, the pseudolarix, the hedyotis flowers and the kudzuvine roots are respectively as follows according to parts by weight: 10 parts of longtube ground ivy herb leaves, 8 parts of lemongrass, 9 parts of manyleaf paris rhizome leaves, 2 parts of pseudolarix, 2 parts of hedyotis diffusa flowers and 2 parts of kudzuvine roots. Soaking the ground powder in an ethanol water solution with the volume ratio of ethanol to water being 3:7, wherein the solid-liquid mass ratio of the ground powder to the water is 1:3, the soaking temperature is 80-90 ℃, the soaking time is 5 hours, and after the soaking is finished, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a soaking solution and soaking residues;
2) the soaking slag is immersed into aqueous solutions of malic acid and citric acid to form a mixed solution, and the mass percentages of the malic acid and the citric acid in the aqueous solutions of the malic acid and the citric acid are respectively as follows: 20 percent and 6 percent, and the solid-to-liquid ratio in the mixed solution is 1: 3. Placing the mixed solution into a closed container for high-pressure extraction, wherein the extraction pressure is 8 standard atmospheric pressures, the extraction temperature is 120 ℃, the extraction time is 2 hours, balancing the internal and external air pressures of the closed container after the extraction is finished, naturally cooling the mixed solution to room temperature, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain an extracting solution and extraction residues;
3) mixing the extraction residues with water 2 times of the extraction residues in mass, putting the mixture into a pulping machine, pulping, wherein the pulping clearance is 0.05-0.1 mm, and obtaining suspended pulp, wherein the suspended pulp is added into a composite enzymolysis liquid, and is subjected to enzymolysis in an ultrasonic environment, wherein the composite enzymolysis liquid contains cellulase, pectinase and protease, and the mass percentage content of the cellulase, the pectinase and the protease in the composite enzymolysis liquid is 0.6%, 0.05% and 0.1% respectively. The mass ratio of the suspension slurry to the compound enzyme extracting solution is 1:0.1, the enzymolysis temperature is 45-50 ℃, and the enzymolysis time is 3 hours. Filtering to remove solid-phase particles in the slurry after enzymolysis, dropwise adding a small amount of ammonia water into the slurry to adjust the pH value to 8, then adding L-leucine with the mass of 0.03 time that of the suspended slurry to perform Maillard reaction at 85-100 ℃ for 1h, and fully stirring to obtain a reaction solution after the reaction is finished;
4) and concentrating the soak solution under reduced pressure to 1/5 of the original volume, concentrating the extracting solution under reduced pressure to 1/5 of the original volume, concentrating the reaction solution under reduced pressure to paste, and fully mixing the concentrated solution and the concentrated paste of the reaction solution after concentrating the soak solution and the extracting solution under reduced pressure to obtain the composite traditional Chinese medicine extract.
Example 2
A method for extracting a compound traditional Chinese medicine extract comprises the following steps:
1) mixing and grinding the desmodium leaves, the overground parts of the lemongrass, the pariphyllin leaves, the pseudolarix, the hedyotis flowers and the kudzuvine roots, wherein the desmodium leaves, the lemongrass, the pariphyllin leaves, the pseudolarix, the hedyotis flowers and the kudzuvine roots are respectively as follows according to parts by weight: 13 parts of longtube ground ivy herb, 11 parts of lemongrass herb, 10 parts of manyleaf paris rhizome, 4.5 parts of pseudolarix, 2 parts of hedyotis diffusa and 2 parts of kudzuvine root. Soaking the ground powder in an ethanol water solution with the volume ratio of ethanol to water being 3:7, wherein the solid-liquid mass ratio of the ground powder to the water is 1:3, the soaking temperature is 80-90 ℃, the soaking time is 5 hours, and after the soaking is finished, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a soaking solution and soaking residues;
2) the soaking slag is immersed into aqueous solutions of malic acid and citric acid to form a mixed solution, and the mass percentages of the malic acid and the citric acid in the aqueous solutions of the malic acid and the citric acid are respectively as follows: 22 percent and 7 percent, and the solid-liquid mass ratio in the mixed solution is 1: 3. Placing the mixed solution into a closed container for high-pressure extraction, wherein the extraction pressure is 5 standard atmospheric pressures, the extraction temperature is 120 ℃, the extraction time is 2 hours, balancing the internal and external air pressures of the closed container after the extraction is finished, naturally cooling the mixed solution to room temperature, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain an extracting solution and extraction residues;
3) mixing the extraction residues with water 2 times of the extraction residues in mass, putting the mixture into a pulping machine, pulping, wherein the pulping clearance is 0.05-0.1 mm, and obtaining suspended pulp, wherein the suspended pulp is added into a composite enzymolysis liquid, and is subjected to enzymolysis in an ultrasonic environment, wherein the composite enzymolysis liquid contains cellulase, pectinase and protease, and the mass percentage content of the cellulase, the pectinase and the protease in the composite enzymolysis liquid is 0.7%, 0.07% and 0.15% respectively. The mass ratio of the suspension slurry to the compound enzyme extracting solution is 1:0.2, the enzymolysis temperature is 45-50 ℃, and the enzymolysis time is 2 hours. Filtering to remove solid-phase particles in the slurry after enzymolysis, dropwise adding a small amount of ammonia water into the slurry to adjust the pH value to 8, then adding L-leucine with the mass of 0.05 time that of the suspended slurry to perform Maillard reaction at 85-100 ℃ for 2h, and fully stirring to obtain a reaction solution after the reaction is finished;
4) and concentrating the soak solution under reduced pressure to 1/5 of the original volume, concentrating the extracting solution under reduced pressure to 1/5 of the original volume, concentrating the reaction solution under reduced pressure to paste, and fully mixing the concentrated solution and the concentrated paste of the reaction solution after concentrating the soak solution and the extracting solution under reduced pressure to obtain the composite traditional Chinese medicine extract.
Example 3
A method for extracting a compound traditional Chinese medicine extract comprises the following steps:
1) mixing and grinding the desmodium leaves, the overground parts of the lemongrass, the pariphyllin leaves, the pseudolarix, the hedyotis flowers and the kudzuvine roots, wherein the desmodium leaves, the lemongrass, the pariphyllin leaves, the pseudolarix, the hedyotis flowers and the kudzuvine roots are respectively as follows according to parts by weight: 15 parts of longtube ground ivy leaf, 14 parts of lemongrass herb, 12 parts of manyleaf paris rhizome leaf, 5.7 parts of pseudolarix, 3 parts of hedyotis diffusa and 3 parts of kudzuvine root. Soaking the ground powder in an ethanol water solution with the volume ratio of ethanol to water being 3:7, wherein the solid-liquid mass ratio of the ground powder to the water is 1:4, the soaking temperature is 80-90 ℃, the soaking time is 5 hours, and after the soaking is finished, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a soaking solution and soaking residues;
2) the soaking slag is immersed into aqueous solutions of malic acid and citric acid to form a mixed solution, and the mass percentages of the malic acid and the citric acid in the aqueous solutions of the malic acid and the citric acid are respectively as follows: 24 percent and 7 percent, and the solid-liquid mass ratio in the mixed solution is 1: 5. Placing the mixed solution into a closed container for high-pressure extraction, wherein the extraction pressure is 9 standard atmospheric pressures, the extraction temperature is 120 ℃, the extraction time is 2 hours, balancing the internal and external air pressures of the closed container after the extraction is finished, naturally cooling the mixed solution to room temperature, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain an extracting solution and extraction residues;
3) mixing the extraction residues with water with the mass 3 times of that of the extraction residues, putting the mixture into a pulping machine for pulping, wherein the pulping clearance is 0.05-0.1 mm, and obtaining suspended pulp, wherein the suspended pulp is added into a composite enzymolysis liquid for enzymolysis in an ultrasonic environment, the composite enzymolysis liquid contains cellulase, pectinase and protease, and the mass percentage content of the cellulase, the pectinase and the protease in the composite enzymolysis liquid is 0.8%, 0.08% and 0.17% respectively. The mass ratio of the suspension slurry to the compound enzyme extracting solution is 1:0.3, the enzymolysis temperature is 45-50 ℃, and the enzymolysis time is 2 hours. Filtering to remove solid-phase particles in the slurry after enzymolysis, dropwise adding a small amount of ammonia water into the slurry to adjust the pH value to 9, then adding L-leucine with the mass of 0.1 time that of the suspended slurry to perform Maillard reaction at 85-100 ℃ for 3 hours, and fully stirring to obtain a reaction solution after the reaction is finished;
4) and (3) concentrating the soak solution under reduced pressure to 1/4 of the original volume, concentrating the extracting solution under reduced pressure to 1/5 of the original volume, concentrating the reaction solution under reduced pressure to paste, and fully mixing the concentrated solution and the concentrated paste of the reaction solution after concentrating the soak solution and the extracting solution under reduced pressure to obtain the composite traditional Chinese medicine extract.
Example 4
A method for extracting a compound traditional Chinese medicine extract comprises the following steps:
1) mixing and grinding the desmodium leaves, the overground parts of the lemongrass, the pariphyllin leaves, the pseudolarix, the hedyotis flowers and the kudzuvine roots, wherein the desmodium leaves, the lemongrass, the pariphyllin leaves, the pseudolarix, the hedyotis flowers and the kudzuvine roots are respectively as follows according to parts by weight: 18 parts of longtube ground ivy herb leaves, 15 parts of lemongrass, 14 parts of manyleaf paris rhizome leaves, 6.3 parts of pseudolarix, 3 parts of hedyotis cantoniensis hance flowers and 3 parts of kudzuvine roots. Soaking the ground powder in an ethanol water solution with the volume ratio of ethanol to water being 3:7, wherein the solid-liquid mass ratio of the soaking is 1:5, the soaking temperature is 80-90 ℃, the soaking time is 5 hours, and after the soaking is finished, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a soaking solution and soaking residues;
2) the soaking slag is immersed into aqueous solutions of malic acid and citric acid to form a mixed solution, and the mass percentages of the malic acid and the citric acid in the aqueous solutions of the malic acid and the citric acid are respectively as follows: 22 percent and 8 percent, and the solid-liquid mass ratio in the mixed solution is 1: 5. Placing the mixed solution into a closed container for high-pressure extraction, wherein the extraction pressure is 9 standard atmospheric pressures, the extraction temperature is 120 ℃, the extraction time is 2 hours, balancing the internal and external air pressures of the closed container after the extraction is finished, naturally cooling the mixed solution to room temperature, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain an extracting solution and extraction residues;
3) mixing the extraction residues with water with the mass 3 times of that of the extraction residues, putting the mixture into a pulping machine for pulping, wherein the pulping clearance is 0.05-0.1 mm, and obtaining suspended pulp, wherein the suspended pulp is added into a composite enzymolysis liquid for enzymolysis in an ultrasonic environment, the composite enzymolysis liquid contains cellulase, pectinase and protease, and the mass percentage content of the cellulase, the pectinase and the protease in the composite enzymolysis liquid is 0.8%, 0.1% and 0.2% respectively. The mass ratio of the suspension slurry to the compound enzyme extracting solution is 1:0.3, the enzymolysis temperature is 45-50 ℃, and the enzymolysis time is 2 hours. Filtering to remove solid-phase particles in the slurry after enzymolysis is finished, then dropwise adding a small amount of ammonia water into the slurry to adjust the pH value to 9, then adding L-leucine with the mass of 0.08 time that of the suspended slurry to perform Maillard reaction at the temperature of 85-100 ℃ for 4 hours, and fully stirring to obtain a reaction solution after the reaction is finished;
4) and concentrating the soak solution under reduced pressure to 1/4 of the original volume, concentrating the extracting solution under reduced pressure to 1/4 of the original volume, concentrating the reaction solution under reduced pressure to paste, and fully mixing the concentrated solution and the concentrated paste of the reaction solution after concentrating the soak solution and the extracting solution under reduced pressure to obtain the composite traditional Chinese medicine extract.
Example 5
A method for extracting a compound traditional Chinese medicine extract comprises the following steps:
1) mixing and grinding the desmodium leaves, the overground parts of the lemongrass, the pariphyllin leaves, the pseudolarix, the hedyotis flowers and the kudzuvine roots, wherein the desmodium leaves, the lemongrass, the pariphyllin leaves, the pseudolarix, the hedyotis flowers and the kudzuvine roots are respectively as follows according to parts by weight: 20 parts of longtube ground ivy leaf, 15 parts of lemongrass herb, 16 parts of manyleaf paris rhizome leaf, 7 parts of pseudolarix, 2 parts of spatholobus suberectus flower and 2 parts of kudzuvine root. Soaking the ground powder in an ethanol water solution with the volume ratio of ethanol to water being 3:7, wherein the solid-liquid mass ratio of the soaking is 1:5, the soaking temperature is 80-90 ℃, the soaking time is 5 hours, and after the soaking is finished, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a soaking solution and soaking residues;
2) the soaking slag is immersed into aqueous solutions of malic acid and citric acid to form a mixed solution, and the mass percentages of the malic acid and the citric acid in the aqueous solutions of the malic acid and the citric acid are respectively as follows: 25 percent and 8 percent, and the solid-liquid mass ratio in the mixed solution is 1: 5. Placing the mixed solution into a closed container for high-pressure extraction, wherein the extraction pressure is 10 standard atmospheric pressures, the extraction temperature is 120 ℃, the extraction time is 2 hours, balancing the internal and external air pressures of the closed container after the extraction is finished, naturally cooling the mixed solution to room temperature, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain an extracting solution and extraction residues;
3) mixing the extraction residues with water with the mass 3 times of that of the extraction residues, putting the mixture into a pulping machine for pulping, wherein the pulping clearance is 0.05-0.1 mm, and obtaining suspended pulp, wherein the suspended pulp is added into a composite enzymolysis liquid for enzymolysis in an ultrasonic environment, the composite enzymolysis liquid contains cellulase, pectinase and protease, and the mass percentage content of the cellulase, the pectinase and the protease in the composite enzymolysis liquid is 0.6%, 0.1% and 0.2% respectively. The mass ratio of the suspension slurry to the compound enzyme extracting solution is 1:0.3, the enzymolysis temperature is 45-50 ℃, and the enzymolysis time is 2 hours. Filtering to remove solid-phase particles in the slurry after enzymolysis, dropwise adding a small amount of ammonia water into the slurry to adjust the pH value to 8, then adding L-leucine with the mass of 0.1 time that of the suspended slurry to perform Maillard reaction at 85-100 ℃ for 5 hours, and fully stirring to obtain a reaction solution after the reaction is finished;
4) and concentrating the soak solution under reduced pressure to 1/5 of the original volume, concentrating the extracting solution under reduced pressure to 1/5 of the original volume, concentrating the reaction solution under reduced pressure to paste, and fully mixing the concentrated solution and the concentrated paste of the reaction solution after concentrating the soak solution and the extracting solution under reduced pressure to obtain the composite traditional Chinese medicine extract.
Comparative example 1
A method for extracting a compound traditional Chinese medicine extract, which has the same steps as the example 2, and is only different from the method in that the soaking slag in the step 2) is immersed in distilled water without malic acid and citric acid. The other steps and parameters are completely the same as those in example 2, and finally the composite traditional Chinese medicine extract of the comparative example is obtained.
Example 6
The composite traditional Chinese medicine extracts prepared in the above examples 1-5 and comparative example 1 are respectively added into cigarette tobacco shreds as cigarette additives, and finally cigarette finished products are prepared. The addition amount of the compound traditional Chinese medicine extract is 0.2% of the weight of the tobacco shreds. The cigarette finished products of each group containing the compound traditional Chinese medicine extracts prepared in the examples 1-5 and the comparative example 1 are respectively subjected to ignition test on test equipment, meanwhile, cigarettes made of ordinary cut tobacco without any additive are used as a blank control group to be subjected to ignition test on test equipment, smoke filtered by a filter rod is respectively collected to be detected and compared, the content of benzo [ a ] pyrene in main stream smoke is detected, meanwhile, according to the operation of a national tobacco industry on a method for measuring the Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN) in the mainstream smoke of the cigarettes by a continuous flow method (YC/T253-2008), 1mol/L NaOH solution is used for collecting the released amount of the Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN) in the mainstream smoke, an isonicotinic acid-barbituric acid method is used for detecting the content of the Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN) in the collected liquid, and compared with the Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN) content in mainstream smoke of the blank control group without the additive, the percentage reduction of the hydrogen cyanide content relative to the blank control group was calculated. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Test group reduction of Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN) percentage benzo [ a ] pyrene content (mg/50 pieces)
Blank control group/6.39
Example 143.82% 0.093
Example 247.51% 0.084
Example 342.19% 0.117
Example 440.03% 0.105
Example 542.20% 0.108
Comparative example 113.17% 3.446
As can be seen from Table 1, by adding the compound traditional Chinese medicine extract into the tobacco shreds of the cigarettes, the content of HCN and benzo [ a ] pyrene in the mainstream smoke is obviously reduced, the harmfulness of the cigarette smoke is reduced, the harm of smoking to human bodies is reduced while the requirements of consumers are met, and the cigarette has good use value. Comparing example 2 with comparative example 1, it can be seen that the beneficial components in the longhairy antenoron herb leaf, the rutabaga herb, the paris polyphylla leaf, the pseudolarix, the paederia scandens and the kudzuvine root which are beneficial to removing HCN and benzo [ a ] pyrene can be extracted by adopting malic acid and citric acid to extract the Chinese herbal medicine under high pressure, so that the harm reduction effect of the final extract is more optimized.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail above, and for those skilled in the art, the ideas according to the embodiments of the present invention may be changed in the specific implementation manners and the application ranges, and in summary, the content of the present description should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for extracting a composite traditional Chinese medicine extract for reducing the release of harmful substances in cigarette smoke is characterized by comprising the following extraction steps:
1) mixing and grinding Glechomae herba leaves, aerial parts of herba Cymbopogonis, pariphyllin leaves, cortex pseudolaricis, herba Polygoni Ciliinerve and radix Puerariae, soaking the ground powder in a mixed solution of ethanol and water at 80-90 deg.C for more than or equal to 5 hr, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain a soaking solution and soaking residues;
2) soaking the soaking slag into an aqueous solution of malic acid and citric acid to form a mixed solution, putting the mixed solution into a closed container for high-pressure extraction, wherein the extraction pressure is 5-10 standard atmospheric pressures, the extraction temperature is not less than 120 ℃, balancing the internal and external air pressures of the closed container after the extraction is finished, naturally cooling the mixed solution to room temperature, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain an extracting solution and extracting slag;
3) mixing the extraction residues with water, putting the mixture into a pulping machine, pulping to obtain suspended slurry, doping the suspended slurry into a composite enzymolysis liquid, carrying out enzymolysis in an ultrasonic environment, filtering to remove solid-phase particles in the slurry after the enzymolysis is finished, dropwise adding a small amount of ammonia water into the slurry to adjust the pH value, then adding L-leucine to carry out Maillard reaction and fully stirring, and obtaining reaction liquid after the reaction is finished;
4) respectively concentrating the soak solution and the extracting solution under reduced pressure, concentrating the reaction solution to paste under reduced pressure, and then fully mixing the concentrated paste of the reaction solution and the solution obtained after concentrating the soak solution and the extracting solution under reduced pressure to obtain the compound traditional Chinese medicine extract;
wherein in the step 1), the desmodium leaf, the lemongrass, the paris polyphylla leaf, the pseudolarix, the hedyotis diffusa and the kudzuvine root are respectively calculated according to the parts by weight: 10-20 parts of longtube ground ivy leaf, 8-15 parts of lemongrass herb, 9-16 parts of manyleaf paris rhizome leaf, 2-7 parts of pseudolarix, 2-3 parts of hedyotis and 2-3 parts of kudzu root;
in the step 2), in the aqueous solution of malic acid and citric acid, the mass percentages of malic acid and citric acid are respectively: 20% -25% and 6% -8%, the solid-liquid mass ratio of the soaking slag to the aqueous solution of malic acid and citric acid is 1: 3-5, the high-pressure extraction time is not less than 2h, and the extracting solution in the step 4) is concentrated under reduced pressure to 1/5-1/4 of the original volume.
2. The extraction method of the compound traditional Chinese medicine extract for reducing the release of harmful substances in cigarette smoke according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the desmodium leaf, the lemongrass herb, the paris polyphylla leaf, the pseudolarix, the hedyotis diffusa flower and the kudzuvine root are respectively as follows in parts by weight: 13 parts of longtube ground ivy herb, 11 parts of lemongrass herb, 10 parts of manyleaf paris rhizome, 4.5 parts of pseudolarix, 2 parts of hedyotis diffusa and 2 parts of kudzuvine root.
3. The extraction method of the compound traditional Chinese medicine extract for reducing the release of harmful substances in cigarette smoke according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the step 1), the volume ratio of ethanol to water in the mixed solution of ethanol and water is 3:7, the solid-liquid mass ratio of the ground powder to the mixed solution of ethanol and water is 1: 3-5, and the soak solution in the step 4) is concentrated under reduced pressure to 1/5-1/4 of the original volume.
4. The extraction method of the compound traditional Chinese medicine extract for reducing the release of harmful substances in cigarette smoke according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the step 3), the mixing mass ratio of extraction residues and water is 1: 2-3, the pulping clearance is 0.05-0.1 mm, the compound enzymolysis liquid contains cellulase, pectinase and protease, the mass percentages of the cellulase, pectinase and protease in the compound enzymolysis liquid are respectively 0.6-0.8%, 0.05-0.1% and 0.1-0.2%, the mass ratio of the suspension liquid to the compound enzymolysis liquid is 1: 0.1-0.3, the enzymolysis temperature is 45-50 ℃, the enzymolysis time is more than 2h, the addition amount of L-leucine is 0.03-0.1 time of the mass of the suspension liquid, the Maillard reaction temperature is 85-100 ℃, the reaction time is 1-5 h, and the pH value is 8-9.
5. The application of the compound traditional Chinese medicine extract for reducing the release of harmful substances in cigarette smoke according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in cigarettes is characterized in that the compound traditional Chinese medicine extract is added into cut tobacco of cigarettes as a cigarette additive.
6. The application of the compound traditional Chinese medicine extract for reducing the release of harmful substances in cigarette smoke in cigarettes according to claim 5 is characterized in that the adding amount of the compound traditional Chinese medicine extract is 0.2-0.3% of the weight of tobacco shreds.
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