CN108157049A - A kind of salt-soda soil matrimony vine implantation methods and its application - Google Patents
A kind of salt-soda soil matrimony vine implantation methods and its application Download PDFInfo
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- CN108157049A CN108157049A CN201810064776.8A CN201810064776A CN108157049A CN 108157049 A CN108157049 A CN 108157049A CN 201810064776 A CN201810064776 A CN 201810064776A CN 108157049 A CN108157049 A CN 108157049A
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- matrimony vine
- salt
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- soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of salt-soda soil matrimony vine implantation methods, including seed treatment, adaptability is cultivated twice, irrigation is used alternatingly successively with upper and lower two drip irrigation pipes, start to pour fresh water every 2h 4h after irrigating lower floor's saline Irrigation for the first time, interval time is gradually shortened later, matrimony vine cultivates salt alkalineresponse, it ins succession and cultivated for two generations, second generation brine and fresh water interval time shorten 1h 2h, it is to first spreading flax fiber 0.1m 0.4m in salt-soda soil processing ditch in transplanting crop field, Gastrodin organic fertilizer 0.2m is spread after backfilling saline-alkali soil again, it irrigates primary rear slotting thousand and cultivates harvest.Salt-soda soil matrimony vine implantation methods of the present invention, pest and disease damage is few, and yield and quality is all improved, and pulp thickness increases, and the influence of polysaccharides and beet alkali content is also more notable.Improve soil physics, chemistry and biological character when matrimony vine is planted, salinity declines significantly in soil, and matrimony vine volume increase is apparent, water-saving to reach the 1/3 2/3 of common plantation water consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of production methods of matrimony vine, belong to field of agricultural cultivation.
Background technology
Matrimony vine (LyciumBarbarum.L) is Solanaceae (Solanaceae) Lycium (Lycium) plant, and the whole world is about
There are 80 kinds, be distributed widely in South and North America, Eurasia, Africa and Austronesia.China's Lycium record has 7
Kind and 2 mutation, i.e. matrimony vine and its mutation northern Lycium chinense, lycium barbarum and its mutation yellow fruit matrimony vine, Lycium barbarum, black fruit Chinese holly
Qi cuts calyx matrimony vine, Yunnan matrimony vine, column casing matrimony vine.Lycium is mainly distributed on three areas in northwest and North China, first, sweet
Respectful one band of Zhangye, product claim " baogan medlar "；Second is that Zhongweiof Ningxia, northwest China, in ground, the product such as peaceful claim " FRUCTUS LYCII BARBARI "；Third, Tianjin
Area, product claim " fructus lycii sinensis ".Wherein, lycium barbarum quality is best, only lycium barbarum quilt《Chinese Pharmacopoeia》It includes as medicine
With the base plant of matrimony vine.At present, main matrimony vine kind of planting is mainly the series cultivated using lycium barbarum as breeding material in production
Mainly there are the ground such as Ningxia, Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang, the Inner Mongol in kind, the larger area of planting scale.
The main reason for salt-soda soil is all global low productive soil all the time, and salinization of soil is formed is drought, soil
Earth impeded drainage, level of ground water are high, salinity is big and other essential conditions, while with natural conditions such as landform, soil property, vegetation
Caused by combined influence.
The extensive planting site of matrimony vine is also exactly the more serious area of the salinization of soil, and at present, the correlation of alkaline land improving is ground
Study carefully and have many reports, and about the matrimony vine for having stronger annidation, saline-alkali tolerant, barren-resistant, drought resisting, anti-blown sand to salt-soda soil
The research range for also slowly entering people of improvement.Although everybody designs a lot of ways plants matrimony vine in salt-soda soil,
Patent CN201010135356.8 method for planting medlar in high-altitude saline-alkali soil, Ningxia Academy of Agri-Forestry Sciences disclosed in Gansu Agriculture University
The disclosed water-saving suppression salt cultural method of patent CN201210090357.4 salt-soda soils matrimony vine overlay film, Shandong Sheng Wei gardens science and technology are limited
The method that patent CN disclosed in company improves salt-soda soil by planting matrimony vine, China Petroleum and the Xinjiang Oilfield Company's afforestation emission reduction are made
A kind of black fruit fructus lycii artificial method for planting in the saline and alkaline soil of arid of patent CN201610452269.2 disclosed in industry area, Shanxi Agricultural
University Forestry institute Liu Yan, Yao Yan Bonehead is published in《Shanxi Forestry science and technology》Plantation matrimony vine on the periodical of in September, 2015 is to Jin Beichong
The improving effect in salt-soda soil is spent, University Of Science and Technology Of He'nan Zhang Youfu, Chen Chunyan etc. are published in《Henan Agricultural Sciences》6th phase in 2009
On research of the matrimony vine to primary salinization of land effect of salt restraint, river bend university Wang Xin is bright to be published in《Inner Mongol agricultural science and technology》2005
(7):75~76 salt-soda soil matrimony vine high-yield cultivating etc., although all provide from different perspectives using matrimony vine improve salt-soda soil or
The method that matrimony vine is planted in salt-soda soil, but salt-soda soil is still carried out using original fresh water salt discharge technology combination organic fertilizer and is changed
It makes, this method improvement salt-soda soil is costly, and water resource waste is serious, especially in the ground such as the Xinjiang of High aititude, Gansu, fresh water
Resource scarcity, fresh water presses the method performance difficulty of salt, and the matrimony vine of above-mentioned several technical solution plantations can all compare normal soil
Earth plant Severe Reduction, could not really solve matrimony vine be planted in salt-soda soil salt-soda soil is significantly improved simultaneously fresh-water-saving money
Source, also no method can be obtained approaches or higher yield of medlar with common plot.
Invention content
For could not really solve matrimony vine in the prior art and be planted in salt-soda soil that salt-soda soil is significantly improved while saved
Freshwater resources, also no method can be obtained approaches or the state of the art of higher yield of medlar with common plot, the present invention
A kind of salt-soda soil matrimony vine implantation methods are provided, matrimony vine is allowed slowly to adapt to high salinity environment using the method that adaptability is cultivated, adopted
Being poured with flax fiber by soil salt with the growth of matrimony vine reduces, and the organic fertilizer containing Gastrodin improves the production of matrimony vine
Amount has wide applicability in heavy saline matrimony vine plantation field of planting.
Technical solution provided by the invention is as follows：
Salt-soda soil matrimony vine implantation methods provided by the invention, include the following steps：
(1) seed treatment：Improved seeds can be selected, with fruit picking is big, color is bright-coloured, the ripening fruits of disease-free pityriasis simplex, summer adopts
It is first 2 × 10 with dosage after plucking7ions/cm2-5×107ions/cm2Ion beam irradiation, then with light salt brine impregnate a night, so
Rinsed 1-2 time with fresh water, impregnated with 30 DEG C of -60 DEG C of warm water afterwards, crumple seed, it is clean, dry, blocked prior to seeding with wet sand it is even,
20 DEG C of vernalization at room temperature are put, with the Na of 0.2%-0.6%NaCl and 0.1%-0.7% when thering is 30% seed to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally2CO3Composition
Saline sook seed diel, then row sowing.
(2) adaptability is cultivated：Sowing matrimony vine be planted in cultivation box, by line-spacing 40cm ditch drilling, deep 1.5cm-3cm,
Earthing 1cm-3cm, height of seedling 6cm-9cm, when final singling, spacing in the rows 12cm-15cm removes the side of shoot liftoff 40cm positions growth in time
Bud, during height of seedling 60cm should row pinching, as root thick 0.7cm transplanting replace cultivation box, add 0.1kg-0.2kg in advance in cultivation box
Gastrodin organic fertilizer has two drip irrigation pipes, upper strata drip irrigation pipe is passed through fresh water, and lower floor's drip irrigation pipe is passed through salt as base manure in cultivation box
Water first pours brine during pouring with lower floor's drip irrigation pipe, then is watered salt discharge with upper strata drip irrigation pipe, and filling is used alternatingly in two drip irrigation pipes successively
It irrigates, starts to pour fresh water every 2h-4h after irrigating lower floor saline Irrigation for the first time, when having poured the previous minor tick of brine ratio every time later
Between increase 4h-7h and pour fresh water again, the salinity of row is discharged from the osculum of cultivation box bottom, until pouring brine and pouring fresh water
Fresh water is no longer poured in interval after reaching -7 days 5 days, and when pouring only pours brine.
(3) second generation adaptability culture：The one of the lignifying of thick more than 0.3cm is adopted when matrimony vine height is to more than 0.9m
Year life branch, is cut into the cuttings of 18cm-20cm long, is bundled into wisp and is placed on 8h-12h in Gibberellins solution, then by spacing in the rows 6cm-
10cm oblique cuttings carry out second generation adaptability culture, are added in advance 0.1kg-0.2kg days in cultivation box in cultivation box, fill compaction
Numb element organic fertilizer starts to pour fresh water every 1h-2h, has poured salt every time later as base manure after irrigating lower floor's saline Irrigation for the first time
Water increases 2h-5h than the previous minor tick time and pours fresh water again, and the salinity of row is discharged from the osculum of cultivation box bottom, until pouring
It fills brine and pours after fresh water interval reaches -5 days 4 days and no longer pour fresh water, when pouring only pours brine, until matrimony vine plant is long
It is colonized during to 0.8 meter or more, spacing in the rows 1.2m-1.5m, line-spacing 1.8m-2.0m, prepares to insert thousand.
(4) salt-soda soil is handled：It ditches in salt-soda soil, furrow width selects 0.3m-0.4m, ditch depth 1.0m-1.5m, is spaced between ditch
2m-3m first spreads flax fiber 0.1m-0.4m in ditch, then backfills saline-alkali soil 0.4m-0.6m, and on saline-alkali soil upper berth, Rhizoma Gastrodiae is known as
Machine fertilizer 0.1m-0.3m, Rhizoma Gastrodiae organic fertilizer upper berth saline-alkali soil 0.1m-0.4m, pre-buried drip irrigation pipe one in saline-alkali soil, what is handled well
Saline and alkaline trench both sides, which are increased, to be formed 0.1m-0.2m and blocks sink, and -3 days 2 days fresh water irrigations are primary before plantation, and sink is completely blocked to irrigate
Subject to.
(5) thousand is inserted：On the matrimony vine plant Jing Guo second generation adaptability culture, the lignifying of thick more than 0.3cm is adopted
Annotinous branch is cut into the cuttings of 18cm-20cm long, is bundled into wisp and is placed on 8h-12h in Gibberellins solution, then by spacing in the rows
40cm-60cm inserts thousand to handling well in salt-soda soil.
(6) it cultivates：It is poured once every 12h-24h after inserting thousand well, irrigation volume is every plant of matrimony vine seedling trickle irrigation fresh water
200ml-400mL was poured once after matrimony vine germinates every 3-4 days, and every plant of trickle irrigation fresh water 200mL-500mL, matrimony vine grows to
It is primary every 15-20 days trickle irrigations according to local rain fall during more than 0.5m, it increases Rhizoma Gastrodiae when matrimony vine grows to 0.5m and is known as every plant
Machine fertilizer 0.2kg-0.5kg, matrimony vine are colonized when growing to high 1m, spacing in the rows 1.2m-1.5m, line-spacing 1.8m-2.0m, during plant blossom according to
Local rain fall is primary every -15 days 10 days trickle irrigations, and at plant 0.2m-0.3m every plant increase Gastrodin organic fertilizer
0.3kg-0.4kg and urea 0.1kg-0.2kg.
(7) it harvests：Processing and packing is carried out after the picking of matrimony vine maturation, wolfberry leaf and trimming branch bury after being cut into 3cm-4cm long
Enter under matrimony vine tree.
In the present invention, Gastrodin organic fertilizer is as made from the raw material of following parts by weight：2 parts -5 parts of Gastrodin, charcoal 10
- 17 parts of part, 40 parts -50 parts of cattle and sheep excrement, 1 part -5 parts of gibberellin.
In the present invention, Gastrodin organic fertilizer is as made from the raw material of following parts by weight：3 parts -4 parts of Gastrodin, charcoal 14
- 16 parts of part, 44 parts -47 parts of cattle and sheep excrement, 2 parts -4 parts of gibberellin.
In the present invention, flax fiber rolls 10min-20min for that will spread out the parallel ground of flax raw material, after turn again
10min-20min is rolled, flax material that rolled of tiling is trembled to the impurity that 4min-10min is rolled after unrest and removes crushing.
With dosage it is first 2 × 10 during seed treatment in the present invention7ions/cm2Ion beam irradiation, then impregnated with light salt brine
Then one night was rinsed 1-2 times with fresh water, impregnated with 40 DEG C of warm water, crumpled seed, is cleaned, is dried, blocked prior to seeding with wet sand
It is even, 20 DEG C of vernalization at room temperature are put, with the Na of 0.4%NaCl and 0.2% when thering is 30% seed to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally2CO3The saline sook of composition
Seed diel, then row sowing.
In the present invention, salt-soda soil is ditched when handling in salt-soda soil, furrow width selection 0.4m, ditch depth 1.2m, is spaced between ditch
2.5m first spreads flax fiber 0.2m in ditch, then backfills saline-alkali soil 0.5m, in saline-alkali soil upper berth Gastrodin organic fertilizer 0.2m, day
Numb organic fertilizer upper berth saline-alkali soil 0.2m, pre-buried drip irrigation pipe one in saline-alkali soil, increases to be formed in the saline and alkaline trench both sides handled well
0.1m blocks sink, and -3 days 2 days fresh water irrigations are primary before plantation, and sink is completely blocked in irrigation of being subject to.
In the present invention, adaptability cultivation further includes third generation adaptability culture, and breeding method is to be adapted to when by the second generation
The matrimony vine height of property culture is cut into 18cm-20cm to the annotinous branch for the lignifying that thick more than 0.3cm is adopted during more than 0.9m
Long cuttings is bundled into wisp and is placed on 8h-12h in Gibberellins solution, then by spacing in the rows 6cm-10cm oblique cuttings in cultivation box, pressure of banketing
It is real, third generation adaptability culture is carried out, adds 0.1kg-0.2kg Gastrodins organic fertilizer in cultivation box in advance as base manure, first
Start to pour fresh water every 0.5h-1h after secondary irrigation lower floor saline Irrigation, poured the previous minor tick time increasing of brine ratio every time later
1h-3h is added to pour fresh water again, the salinity of row is discharged from the osculum of cultivation box bottom, until pouring brine and pouring fresh water interval
No longer pour fresh water after reaching -4 days 3 days, when pouring only pours brine, is colonized when matrimony vine plant grows to 0.8 meter or more, strain
Away from 1.2m-1.5m, line-spacing 1.8m-2.0m, prepare to insert thousand to handling well in salt-soda soil.
In the present invention, salt-soda soil plantation matrimony vine harvest 4 times -6 times after, to salt-soda soil carry out rotation farming, matrimony vine is thick
The annotinous branch of the lignifying of more than 0.3cm is cut into the cuttings of 18cm-20cm long, is bundled into wisp and is placed in Gibberellins solution
Then 8h-12h inserts thousand in new treated salt-soda soil by spacing in the rows 40cm-60cm.
In the present invention, newly treated, and salt-soda soil processing method is：Original kind of planting ditch is filled and led up, between original ditch in salt-soda soil
New ditch is opened, new furrow width selects 0.4m, new ditch depth 1.2m, is spaced 0.8m between new ditch, flax fiber 0.2m first spread in ditch, then backfill
Saline-alkali soil 0.5m, in saline-alkali soil upper berth Gastrodin organic fertilizer 0.2m, Rhizoma Gastrodiae organic fertilizer upper berth saline-alkali soil 0.2m is pre-buried in saline-alkali soil
Drip irrigation pipe one increases to form 0.1m and block sink in the saline and alkaline trench both sides handled well, -3 days 2 days fresh water irrigations one before plantation
Secondary, sink is completely blocked in irrigation of being subject to.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
(1) matrimony vine being applicable in after salt-soda soil matrimony vine implantation methods of the present invention, pest and disease damage is few, and yield and quality is all improved,
Pulp thickness increases, and the influence of polysaccharides and beet alkali content is also more notable.Improve soil physics when matrimony vine is planted, change
It learns and biological character, salinity declines apparent in soil, and matrimony vine volume increase is apparent, the water-saving 1/3-2/3 for reaching common plantation water consumption.
(2) it is had dropped respectively to 0.7% He by 1.8% and 1.6% using surface soil salinity after plant method of the present invention
0.6%, before use compared with the range of decrease reached more than 60%, alkalization of soils degree drops to 7%, belongs to non-alkalized soil, thus
As it can be seen that the quality of salt affected soil can be improved after the alkali-affected soil modifying agent prepared using the present invention, and with good effect.
(3) 53.6% is also improved using the yield of matrimony vine after implantation methods of the present invention producing region yield more excellent than same breed,
Fruit Ratio of dry to fresh matter of leaves reduces moisture and is reduced, highly beneficial to being subsequently dehydrated processing, and dry fruit mass of 1000 kernel increases by 50%, polysaccharides
Increase by 11.3% and 28.6% respectively with glycine betaine, first-class fruit rate improves 74.5%, and amplification is extremely apparent.
Description of the drawings
Nothing
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention is furthur described in detail, but apparatus of the present invention are not
It is limited to following embodiments.
Embodiment one：A kind of salt-soda soil matrimony vine implantation methods
Salt-soda soil matrimony vine implantation methods provided by the invention, include the following steps：
(1) seed treatment：Improved seeds can be selected, with fruit picking is big, color is bright-coloured, the ripening fruits of disease-free pityriasis simplex, summer adopts
It is first 2 × 10 with dosage after plucking7ions/cm2Ion beam irradiation, then with light salt brine impregnate a night, then with fresh water rinse 1-2
It is secondary, it is impregnated with 30 DEG C of -60 DEG C of warm water, crumples seed, cleaned, dry, blocked prior to seeding with wet sand even, put 20 DEG C and urge at room temperature
Bud, with the Na of 0.2%-0.6%NaCl and 0.1%-0.7% when thering is 30% seed to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally2CO3The saline sook seed of composition
Diel, then row sowing.
(2) adaptability is cultivated：Sowing matrimony vine be planted in cultivation box, by line-spacing 40cm ditch drilling, deep 1.5cm-3cm,
Earthing 1cm-3cm, height of seedling 6cm-9cm, when final singling, spacing in the rows 12cm-15cm removes the side of shoot liftoff 40cm positions growth in time
Bud, during height of seedling 60cm should row pinching, as root thick 0.7cm transplanting replace cultivation box, add 0.1kg-0.2kg in advance in cultivation box
Gastrodin organic fertilizer has two drip irrigation pipes, upper strata drip irrigation pipe is passed through fresh water, and lower floor's drip irrigation pipe is passed through salt as base manure in cultivation box
Water first pours brine during pouring with lower floor's drip irrigation pipe, then is watered salt discharge with upper strata drip irrigation pipe, and filling is used alternatingly in two drip irrigation pipes successively
It irrigates, starts to pour fresh water every 2h-4h after irrigating lower floor saline Irrigation for the first time, when having poured the previous minor tick of brine ratio every time later
Between increase 4h-7h and pour fresh water again, the salinity of row is discharged from the osculum of cultivation box bottom, until pouring brine and pouring fresh water
Fresh water is no longer poured in interval after reaching -7 days 5 days, and when pouring only pours brine.
(3) second generation adaptability culture：The one of the lignifying of thick more than 0.3cm is adopted when matrimony vine height is to more than 0.9m
Year life branch, is cut into the cuttings of 18cm-20cm long, is bundled into wisp and is placed on 8h-12h in Gibberellins solution, then by spacing in the rows 6cm-
10cm oblique cuttings carry out second generation adaptability culture, are added in advance 0.1kg-0.2kg days in cultivation box in cultivation box, fill compaction
Numb element organic fertilizer starts to pour fresh water every 1h-2h, has poured salt every time later as base manure after irrigating lower floor's saline Irrigation for the first time
Water increases 2h-5h than the previous minor tick time and pours fresh water again, and the salinity of row is discharged from the osculum of cultivation box bottom, until pouring
It fills brine and pours after fresh water interval reaches -5 days 4 days and no longer pour fresh water, when pouring only pours brine, until matrimony vine plant is long
It is colonized during to 0.8 meter or more, spacing in the rows 1.2m-1.5m, line-spacing 1.8m-2.0m, prepares to insert thousand.
(4) salt-soda soil is handled：It ditches in salt-soda soil, furrow width selects 0.3m-0.4m, ditch depth 1.0m-1.5m, is spaced between ditch
2m-3m first spreads flax fiber 0.1m-0.4m in ditch, then backfills saline-alkali soil 0.4m-0.6m, and on saline-alkali soil upper berth, Rhizoma Gastrodiae is known as
Machine fertilizer 0.1m-0.3m, Rhizoma Gastrodiae organic fertilizer upper berth saline-alkali soil 0.1m-0.4m, pre-buried drip irrigation pipe one in saline-alkali soil, what is handled well
Saline and alkaline trench both sides, which are increased, to be formed 0.1m-0.2m and blocks sink, and -3 days 2 days fresh water irrigations are primary before plantation, and sink is completely blocked to irrigate
Subject to.
(5) thousand is inserted：On the matrimony vine plant Jing Guo second generation adaptability culture, the lignifying of thick more than 0.3cm is adopted
Annotinous branch is cut into the cuttings of 18cm-20cm long, is bundled into wisp and is placed on 8h-12h in Gibberellins solution, then by spacing in the rows
40cm-60cm inserts thousand in the salt-soda soil handled well.
(6) it cultivates：It is poured once every 12h-24h after inserting thousand well, irrigation volume is every plant of matrimony vine seedling trickle irrigation fresh water
200ml-400mL was poured once after matrimony vine germinates every 3-4 days, and every plant of trickle irrigation fresh water 200-500mL, matrimony vine grows to
It is primary every 15-20 days trickle irrigations according to local rain fall during more than 0.5m, it increases Rhizoma Gastrodiae when matrimony vine grows to 0.5m and is known as every plant
Machine fertilizer 0.2kg-0.5kg, definite value when matrimony vine grows to high 1m, spacing in the rows 1.2m-1.5m, line-spacing 1.8m-2.0m, when matrimony vine blooms according to
Local rain fall is primary every 10-15 days trickle irrigations, and at plant 0.2m-0.3m every plant increase Gastrodin organic fertilizer
0.3kg-0.4kg and urea 0.1kg-0.2kg.
(7) it harvests：Processing and packing is carried out after the picking of matrimony vine maturation, wolfberry leaf and trimming branch bury after being cut into 3cm-4cm long
Enter under matrimony vine tree.
Embodiment two：A kind of salt-soda soil matrimony vine implantation methods
Salt-soda soil matrimony vine implantation methods provided by the invention, include the following steps：
(1) seed treatment：Improved seeds can be selected, with fruit picking is big, color is bright-coloured, the ripening fruits of disease-free pityriasis simplex, summer adopts
It is first 5 × 10 with dosage after plucking7ions/cm2Ion beam irradiation, then with light salt brine impregnate a night, then with fresh water rinse 1-2
It is secondary, it is impregnated with 30 DEG C of -60 DEG C of warm water, crumples seed, cleaned, dry, blocked prior to seeding with wet sand even, put 20 DEG C and urge at room temperature
Bud, with the Na of 0.2%-0.6%NaCl and 0.1%-0.7% when thering is 30% seed to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally2CO3The saline sook seed of composition
Diel, then row sowing.
(2) adaptability is cultivated：After planting matrimony vine is planted in cultivation box, by line-spacing 40cm trench digging drillings, deep 1.5cm-
3cm, earthing 1cm-3cm, height of seedling 6cm-9cm, when final singling, spacing in the rows 12cm-15cm removes the growth of shoot liftoff 40cm positions in time
Lateral bud, during height of seedling 60cm should row pinching, as root thick 0.7cm transplanting replace cultivation box, add 0.1kg- in advance in cultivation box
0.2kg Gastrodins organic fertilizer has two drip irrigation pipes, upper strata drip irrigation pipe is passed through fresh water, lower floor's drip irrigation pipe as base manure in cultivation box
It is passed through brine, first pours brine with lower floor's drip irrigation pipe during pouring, then watered salt discharge with upper strata drip irrigation pipe, two drip irrigation pipes replace successively
Using irrigation, start to pour fresh water every 2h-4h after irrigating lower floor's saline Irrigation for the first time, pour every time later before brine ratio once
Interval time increases 4h-7h and pours fresh water again, and the salinity of row is discharged from the osculum of cultivation box bottom, until pouring brine and pouring
It fills and fresh water is no longer poured after fresh water interval reaches -7 days 5 days, when pouring only pours brine.
(3) second generation adaptability culture：The one of the lignifying of thick more than 0.3cm is adopted when matrimony vine height is to more than 0.9m
Year life branch, is cut into the cuttings of 18cm-20cm long, is bundled into wisp and is placed on 8h-12h in Gibberellins solution, then by spacing in the rows 6cm-
10cm oblique cuttings carry out second generation adaptability culture, are added in advance 0.1kg-0.2kg days in cultivation box in cultivation box, fill compaction
Numb element organic fertilizer starts to pour fresh water every 1h-2h, has poured salt every time later as base manure after irrigating lower floor's saline Irrigation for the first time
Water increases 2h-5h than the previous minor tick time and pours fresh water again, and the salinity of row is discharged from the osculum of cultivation box bottom, until pouring
It fills brine and pours after fresh water interval reaches -5 days 4 days and no longer pour fresh water, when pouring only pours brine, until matrimony vine plant is long
It is colonized during to 0.8 meter or more, spacing in the rows 1.2m-1.5m, line-spacing 1.8m-2.0m, prepares third generation adaptability culture.
(4) third generation adaptability culture：It is adopted when the matrimony vine height Jing Guo second generation adaptability culture is to more than 0.9m thick
The annotinous branch of the lignifying of more than 0.3cm is cut into the cuttings of 18cm-20cm long, is bundled into wisp and is placed on Gibberellins solution
Middle 8h-12h, then by spacing in the rows 6cm-10cm oblique cuttings in cultivation box, fill compaction carries out third generation adaptability culture, cultivation box
Interior advance addition 0.1kg-0.2kg Gastrodins organic fertilizer is opened as base manure after irrigating lower floor's saline Irrigation for the first time every 0.5h-1h
Beginning pours fresh water, has poured brine ratio previous minor tick time every time later and has increased 1h-3h and pour fresh water again, and the salinity of row is from plantation
The osculum discharge in bottom portion no longer pours fresh water until pouring brine and pouring after fresh water interval reaches -4 days 3 days, during pouring
Brine is only poured, is colonized when matrimony vine plant grows to 0.8 meter or more, spacing in the rows 1.2m-1.5m, line-spacing 1.8m-2.0m, prepares to insert
Thousand.
(5) salt-soda soil is handled：It ditches in salt-soda soil, furrow width selects 0.3m-0.4m, ditch depth 1.0m-1.5m, is spaced between ditch
2m-3m first spreads flax fiber 0.1m-0.4m in ditch, then backfills saline-alkali soil 0.4m-0.6m, and on saline-alkali soil upper berth, Rhizoma Gastrodiae is known as
Machine fertilizer 0.1m-0.3m, Rhizoma Gastrodiae organic fertilizer upper berth saline-alkali soil 0.1m-0.4m, pre-buried drip irrigation pipe one in saline-alkali soil, what is handled well
Saline and alkaline trench both sides, which are increased, to be formed 0.1m-0.2m and blocks sink, and -3 days 2 days fresh water irrigations are primary before plantation, and sink is completely blocked to irrigate
Subject to.
(6) thousand is inserted：On the matrimony vine plant Jing Guo third generation adaptability culture, the lignifying of thick more than 0.3cm is adopted
Annotinous branch is cut into the cuttings of 18cm-20cm long, is bundled into wisp and is placed on 8h-12h in Gibberellins solution, then by spacing in the rows
40cm-60cm inserts thousand in the salt-soda soil handled well.
(7) it cultivates：It is poured once every 12h-24h after inserting thousand well, irrigation volume is every plant of matrimony vine seedling trickle irrigation fresh water
200ml-400mL was poured once after matrimony vine germinates every 3-4 days, and every plant of trickle irrigation fresh water 200-500mL, matrimony vine grows to
It is primary every 15-20 days trickle irrigations according to local rain fall during more than 0.5m, it increases Rhizoma Gastrodiae when matrimony vine grows to 0.5m and is known as every plant
Machine fertilizer 0.2kg-0.5kg, definite value when matrimony vine grows to high 1m, spacing in the rows 1.2m-1.5m, line-spacing 1.8m-2.0m, when matrimony vine blooms according to
Local rain fall is primary every 10-15 days trickle irrigations, and at plant 0.2m-0.3m every plant increase Gastrodin organic fertilizer
0.3kg-0.4kg and urea 0.1kg-0.2kg.
(8) it harvests：Processing and packing is carried out after the picking of matrimony vine maturation, wolfberry leaf and trimming branch bury after being cut into 3cm-4cm long
Enter under matrimony vine tree.
(9) rotation farming：After the matrimony vine of salt-soda soil plantation harvests 4 times -6 times, rotation farming is carried out to salt-soda soil, by matrimony vine
The annotinous branch of the lignifying of thick more than 0.3cm is cut into the cuttings of 18cm-20cm long, is bundled into wisp and is placed on Gibberellins solution
Then middle 8h-12h inserts thousand in new treated salt-soda soil by spacing in the rows 40cm-60cm.
In the present invention, newly treated, and salt-soda soil processing method is：Original kind of planting ditch is filled and led up, between original ditch in salt-soda soil
New ditch is opened, new furrow width selects 0.4m, new ditch depth 1.2m, is spaced 0.8m between new ditch, flax fiber 0.2m first spread in ditch, then backfill
Saline-alkali soil 0.5m, in saline-alkali soil upper berth Gastrodin organic fertilizer 0.2m, Rhizoma Gastrodiae organic fertilizer upper berth saline-alkali soil 0.2m is pre-buried in saline-alkali soil
Drip irrigation pipe one increases to form 0.1m and block sink in the saline and alkaline trench both sides handled well, -3 days 2 days fresh water irrigations one before plantation
Secondary, sink is completely blocked in irrigation of being subject to.Apply example three：Seed treatment
It is 2 × 10 that dosage is selected during one seed treatment of the embodiment of the present invention7ions/cm2Ion beam irradiation, then with light salt
Water impregnates a night, is then rinsed 1-2 times with fresh water, then is impregnated with 40 DEG C of warm water, crumples seed, cleans, dries, use prior to seeding
Wet sand is blocked even, puts 20 DEG C of vernalization at room temperature, with the Na of 0.4%NaCl and 0.2% when having 30% seed to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally2CO3The salt of composition
Water impregnates seed diel, then row sowing.
One salt-soda soil of the embodiment of the present invention is ditched when handling in salt-soda soil, furrow width selection 0.4m, ditch depth 1.2m, between ditch between
Every 2.5m, flax fiber 0.2m is first spread in ditch, then backfills saline-alkali soil 0.5m, in saline-alkali soil upper berth Gastrodin organic fertilizer 0.2m,
Rhizoma Gastrodiae organic fertilizer upper berth saline-alkali soil 0.2m, pre-buried drip irrigation pipe one in saline-alkali soil, increases shape in the saline and alkaline trench both sides handled well
Sink is blocked into 0.1m, -3 days 2 days fresh water irrigations are primary before plantation, and sink is completely blocked in irrigation of being subject to.
Example IV：Flax fiber processing
Flax fiber rolls 10min-20min for that will spread out the parallel ground of flax raw material in the present invention, after turn again
10min-20min is rolled, flax material that rolled of tiling is trembled to the impurity that 4min-10min is rolled after unrest and removes crushing.
Embodiment five：Rhizoma Gastrodiae fertilizer
In the present invention, Gastrodin organic fertilizer is as made from the raw material of following parts by weight：Gastrodin 5kg, charcoal 17kg, ox
Sheep manure 50kg, gibberellin 5kg.
Embodiment six：Rhizoma Gastrodiae fertilizer
In the present invention, Gastrodin organic fertilizer is as made from the raw material of following weight：Gastrodin 2kg, charcoal 10kg, cattle and sheep
Excrement 40kg, gibberellin 1kg.
Embodiment seven：Rhizoma Gastrodiae fertilizer
In the present invention, Gastrodin organic fertilizer is as made from the raw material of following weight：Gastrodin 3kg, charcoal 14kg, cattle and sheep
Excrement 44kg, gibberellin 2kg.
Embodiment eight：Rhizoma Gastrodiae fertilizer
In the present invention, Gastrodin organic fertilizer is as made from the raw material of following weight：Gastrodin 4kg, charcoal 16kg, cattle and sheep
Excrement 47kg, gibberellin 4kg.
Embodiment nine：Salt-soda soil matrimony vine implantation methods planting experiment of the present invention
Field trial, trial zone surface layer are carried out in Yuepuhu County Se Yeke townshiies and Yi Li states Cha Buchaer Xian Wu townshiies within 2015
(0-30cm) soil salt content is respectively 1.8% and 1.6%, and basicity (ESP) belongs to severe alkali soil for 30% and 40%
Earth；Soil is improved with 2 implantation methods of the embodiment of the present invention in trial zone, and contrast test uses same breed general planting
Method is planted in peaceful Xia Zhongning En He townshiies.
Table 1：The variation of soil salt and basicity
Table 2：Yield of medlar and mass change after plantation
Experimental result：As can be seen from Table 1, using Yuepuhu County Se Yeke townshiies after 2 implantation methods of the embodiment of the present invention and
Yi Li states Cha Buchaer Xian Wu townshiies trial zone surface soil salinity is had dropped respectively to 0.7% and 0.6%, compared to drop before use
Width has reached more than 60%, and alkalization of soils degree drops to 7%, belongs to non-alkalized soil, it can be seen that, it is prepared using the present invention
The quality of salt affected soil can be improved after alkali-affected soil modifying agent, and with good effect.
As can be seen from Table 2, it is produced using the yield of matrimony vine after 2 implantation methods of embodiment of the present invention producing region more excellent than same breed
Amount also improves 53.6%, and fruit Ratio of dry to fresh matter of leaves reduces moisture and reduced, and highly beneficial, dry fruit mass of 1000 kernel is processed to being subsequently dehydrated
Increase by 50%, polysaccharides and glycine betaine increase by 11.3% and 28.6% respectively, and first-class fruit rate improves 74.5%, and amplification is extremely
Significantly.
As described above, you can preferably realize the present invention, the above embodiments are only the preferred implementation side to the present invention
Formula is described, and not the scope of the present invention is defined, and under the premise of design spirit of the present invention is not departed from, this field is general
The various modifications and improvement that logical technical staff makes technical scheme of the present invention, should all fall into present invention determine that protection domain
It is interior.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of salt-soda soil matrimony vine implantation methods, which is characterized in that the implantation methods include the following steps：
Seed treatment：Improved seeds can be selected, with fruit picking is big, color is bright-coloured, the ripening fruits of disease-free pityriasis simplex, after summer picking, first
It is 2 × 10 with dosage7 ions/cm2-5×107 ions/cm2Ion beam irradiation, then with light salt brine impregnate a night, Ran Houyong
Fresh water rinses 1-2 time, is impregnated with 30 DEG C of -60 DEG C of warm water, crumples seed, clean, dries, and is blocked prior to seeding with wet sand even, puts 20
DEG C vernalization at room temperature, with the Na of 0.2%-0.6%NaCl and 0.1%-0.7% when thering is 30% seed to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally2CO3The saline sook of composition
Seed diel, then row sowing；
Adaptability is cultivated：Sowing matrimony vine is planted in cultivation box, by line-spacing 40cm trench digging drillings, deep 1.5cm-3cm, earthing 1cm-
3cm, height of seedling 6cm-9cm, when final singling, spacing in the rows 12-15cm removes the lateral bud of shoot liftoff 40cm positions growth, height of seedling in time
During 60cm should row pinching, as root thick 0.7cm transplanting replace cultivation box, add 0.1kg-0.2kg Gastrodins in advance in cultivation box
Organic fertilizer has two drip irrigation pipes, upper strata drip irrigation pipe is passed through fresh water, and lower floor's drip irrigation pipe is passed through brine, pours as base manure in cultivation box
First brine to be poured with lower floor's drip irrigation pipe, then watered salt discharge with upper strata drip irrigation pipe during filling, irrigation is used alternatingly in two drip irrigation pipes successively, the
Start to pour fresh water every 2h-4h after primary irrigation lower floor saline Irrigation, poured the previous minor tick time increasing of brine ratio every time later
4h-7h is added to pour fresh water again, the salinity of row is discharged from the osculum of cultivation box bottom, until pouring brine and pouring fresh water interval
No longer pour fresh water after reaching -7 days 5 days, when pouring only pours brine；
Second generation adaptability culture：The annual shoot of the lignifying of thick more than 0.3cm is adopted when matrimony vine height is to more than 0.9m
Item is cut into the cuttings of 18cm-20cm long, is bundled into wisp and is placed on 8h-12h in Gibberellins solution, then oblique by spacing in the rows 6cm-10cm
Cultivation box is inserted in, fill compaction carries out second generation adaptability culture, and adding 0.1kg-0.2kg Rhizoma Gastrodiaes in advance in cultivation box is known as
Machine fertilizer starts to pour fresh water every 1h-2h, before having poured brine ratio every time later as base manure after irrigating lower floor's saline Irrigation for the first time
Interval time increases 2h-5h and pours fresh water again, and the salinity of row is discharged from the osculum of cultivation box bottom, until pouring brine
Fresh water is no longer poured with pouring after fresh water interval reaches -5 days 4 days, when pouring only pours brine, until matrimony vine plant grows to 0.8
Meter or more when be colonized, spacing in the rows 1.2m-1.5m, line-spacing 1.8m-2.0m, prepare insert thousand；
Salt-soda soil is handled：It ditches in salt-soda soil, furrow width selects 0.3m-0.4m, ditch depth 1.0m-1.5m, and 2m-3m is spaced between ditch,
Flax fiber 0.1m-0.4m is first spread in ditch, then backfills saline-alkali soil 0.4m-0.6m, in saline-alkali soil upper berth Gastrodin organic fertilizer
0.1m-0.3m, Rhizoma Gastrodiae organic fertilizer upper berth saline-alkali soil 0.1m-0.4m, pre-buried drip irrigation pipe one in saline-alkali soil are saline and alkaline what is handled well
Trench both sides, which are increased, to be formed 0.1m-0.2m and blocks sink, and -3 days 2 days fresh water irrigations are primary before plantation, and sink is completely blocked in irrigation of being subject to；
Insert thousand：On the matrimony vine plant Jing Guo second generation adaptability culture, the annual shoot of the lignifying of thick more than 0.3cm is adopted
Item is cut into the cuttings of 18cm-20cm long, is bundled into wisp and is placed on 8h-12h in Gibberellins solution, is then arrived by spacing in the rows 40cm-60cm
It handles well in salt-soda soil；
It cultivates：It being poured once every 12h-24h after inserting thousand well, irrigation volume is every plant of matrimony vine seedling trickle irrigation fresh water 200ml-400mL,
Primary, every plant of trickle irrigation fresh water 200mL-500mL, root when matrimony vine grows to more than 0.5m were poured every 3-4 days after matrimony vine germinates
It is primary every -20 days 15 days trickle irrigations according to local rain fall, increase Gastrodin organic fertilizer 0.2kg- for every plant when matrimony vine grows to 0.5m
0.5kg, definite value when matrimony vine grows to high 1m, spacing in the rows 1.2m-1.5m, line-spacing 1.8m-2.0m, according to local rainfall feelings when matrimony vine blooms
Condition is primary every 10-15 days trickle irrigations, and at plant 0.2m-0.3m every plant increase Gastrodin organic fertilizer 0.3kg-0.4kg
With urea 0.1kg-0.2kg；
Harvest：Processing and packing is carried out after the picking of matrimony vine maturation, wolfberry leaf and trimming branch are embedded to matrimony vine tree after being cut into 3cm-4cm long
Under.
2. a kind of salt-soda soil matrimony vine implantation methods as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the Gastrodin organic fertilizer by with
Made from the raw material of lower parts by weight：2 parts -5 parts of Gastrodin, 10 parts -17 parts of charcoal, 40 parts -50 parts of cattle and sheep excrement, 1 part of gibberellin -
5 parts.
3. a kind of salt-soda soil matrimony vine implantation methods as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the Gastrodin organic fertilizer by with
Made from the raw material of lower parts by weight：3 parts -4 parts of Gastrodin, 14 parts -16 parts of charcoal, 44 parts -47 parts of cattle and sheep excrement, 2 parts of gibberellin -
4 parts.
4. a kind of salt-soda soil matrimony vine implantation methods as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the flax fiber is will will be sub-
The parallel ground of numb raw material, which is spread out, rolls 10min-20min, rolls 10min-20min after turn again, and will tile the Asia rolled
Numb material rolls the impurity that 4min-10min removes crushing after trembling unrest.
5. a kind of salt-soda soil matrimony vine implantation methods as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that agent is first used during the seed treatment
Measure is 2 × 107 ions/cm2Ion beam irradiation, then with light salt brine impregnate a night, then with fresh water rinse 1-2 times, with 40 DEG C
Warm water impregnates, and crumples seed, cleans, dries, blocked prior to seeding with wet sand even, puts 20 DEG C of vernalization at room temperature, has treated that 30% seed reveals
The Na of Bai Shiyong 0.4%NaCl and 0.2%2CO3The saline sook seed diel of composition, then row sowing.
6. a kind of salt-soda soil matrimony vine implantation methods as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in salt during the salt-soda soil processing
Alkali is ditched in ground, furrow width selection 0.4m, ditch depth 1.2m, is spaced 2.5m between ditch, flax fiber 0.2m is first spread in ditch, then backfill salt
Alkaline earth 0.5m, in saline-alkali soil upper berth Gastrodin organic fertilizer 0.2m, Rhizoma Gastrodiae organic fertilizer upper berth saline-alkali soil 0.2m, pre-buried drop in saline-alkali soil
Guan Yigen is filled, increases to form 0.1m and block sink in the saline and alkaline trench both sides handled well, -3 days 2 days fresh water irrigations are primary before plantation,
Sink is completely blocked in irrigation of being subject to.
7. a kind of salt-soda soil matrimony vine implantation methods as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the adaptability cultivation further includes
Third generation adaptability culture, breeding method are thick to be adopted when the matrimony vine height Jing Guo second generation adaptability culture is to more than 0.9m
The annotinous branch of the lignifying of more than 0.3cm is cut into the cuttings of 18cm-20cm long, is bundled into wisp and is placed on Gibberellins solution
Middle 8h-12h, then by spacing in the rows 6cm-10cm oblique cuttings in cultivation box, fill compaction carries out third generation adaptability culture, cultivation box
Interior advance addition 0.1kg-0.2kg Gastrodins organic fertilizer is opened as base manure after irrigating lower floor's saline Irrigation for the first time every 0.5h-1h
Beginning pours fresh water, has poured brine ratio previous minor tick time every time later and has increased 1h-3h and pour fresh water again, and the salinity of row is from plantation
The osculum discharge in bottom portion no longer pours fresh water until pouring brine and pouring after fresh water interval reaches -4 days 3 days, during pouring
Brine is only poured, is colonized when matrimony vine plant grows to 0.8 meter or more, spacing in the rows 1.2m-1.5m, line-spacing 1.8m-2.0m, prepares to insert
Thousand.
A kind of 8. salt-soda soil matrimony vine implantation methods preparation method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the salt-soda soil kind
After the matrimony vine of plant harvests 4 times -6 times, rotation farming is carried out to salt-soda soil, by 1 year of the lignifying of thick more than the 0.3cm of matrimony vine
Raw branch is cut into the cuttings of 18cm-20cm long, is bundled into wisp and is placed on 8h-12h in Gibberellins solution, then by spacing in the rows 40cm-
60cm inserts thousand in new treated salt-soda soil.
9. a kind of salt-soda soil matrimony vine implantation methods preparation method as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that after the new processing
Salt-soda soil processing method be：Original kind of planting ditch is filled and led up, opens new ditch in salt-soda soil between original ditch, it is new furrow width selection 0.4m, new
Ditch depth 1.2m is spaced 0.8m between new ditch, flax fiber 0.2m is first spread in ditch, then backfill saline-alkali soil 0.5m, on saline-alkali soil upper berth
Gastrodin organic fertilizer 0.2m, Rhizoma Gastrodiae organic fertilizer upper berth saline-alkali soil 0.2m, pre-buried drip irrigation pipe one in saline-alkali soil, in the salt handled well
Alkali trench both sides, which are increased, to be formed 0.1m and blocks sink, and -3 days 2 days fresh water irrigations are primary before plantation, and sink is completely blocked in irrigation of being subject to.
10. if salt-soda soil matrimony vine implantation methods of the claim 1,7 or 9 as described in any one are in heavy salinized ground matrimony vine is planted
Application.
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