CN108149492A - 一种毛腈的染色工艺 - Google Patents

一种毛腈的染色工艺 Download PDF

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CN108149492A
CN108149492A CN201810087887.0A CN201810087887A CN108149492A CN 108149492 A CN108149492 A CN 108149492A CN 201810087887 A CN201810087887 A CN 201810087887A CN 108149492 A CN108149492 A CN 108149492A
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CN108149492B (zh
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冯惠祥
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Jiangsu colorful textile dyeing and finishing Co.,Ltd.
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种毛腈的染色工艺，涉及绞纱染色领域，主要包括如下步骤：步骤S1，挂纱进缸；步骤S2，第一阶段绞纱浸湿入料；步骤S3，第一阶段升温染色；步骤S4，第一阶段出水降温；步骤S5，第二阶段绞纱浸湿入料；步骤S6，第二阶段升温染色；步骤S7，加碱固色；步骤S8，第二阶段出水降温；步骤S9，冲洗并碱洗；步骤S10，中和并整理处理；步骤S11，出水降温出缸。本发明控制染色时条件，使得染色水可以作为皂洗剂的配液，不排出可以直接使用，从而提高了水资源的利用率。

Description

一种毛腈的染色工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及绞纱染色领域，特别涉及一种毛腈的染色工艺。
背景技术
毛腈是由两种不同材质的纤维混纺而成，两种材质分别为腈纶和羊毛，由于每种纤维上染所需的染料不同，例如羊毛的染色需要使用酸性染料，腈纶的染色需要使用阳离子燃料等，不但如此，对于不同种类的纤维在染色过程中所采用染色的条件例如温度、时间等也不同。
目前大多数毛腈的染色工艺在毛腈绞纱后处理过程中，一般都进行皂洗处理和多次清洗处理，目前因为染色完染色水的洁净度难以控制，所以会将染色水排出，重新加入清水，然后在倒入适量皂洗剂，搅拌后度对毛腈进行皂洗，皂洗完成后再排出皂洗液，下一步再加入清洗水进行冲洗，由此加工后得到产品需要消耗大量水，浪费水资源。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足，本发明提供了一种毛腈的染色工艺，控制染色时条件，使得染色水可以作为皂洗剂的配液，不排出可以直接使用，从而提高了水资源的利用率。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下技术方案：一种毛腈的染色工艺，主要包括如下步骤：步骤S1，挂纱进缸，将毛腈绞纱按照一定的间隔挂接到染缸内的蒸汽管上；
步骤S2，第一阶段绞纱浸湿入料，向染缸内通入清水，加入分散剂后进行搅拌，染缸加热系统对清水加热并升温至40℃，然后加入中性染料；
步骤S3，第一阶段升温染色，对于需要染至浅色的毛腈绞纱采用升温速度为1℃/min进行升温染色，且染色至70～75℃，然后加入阳离子染料，升温染色至100℃，保温40～60min；
步骤S4，打开染缸盖子使得染色水降温至80℃，然后加入浴比为1:8的皂洗剂，且染色水中皂洗剂的含量为2～4g/L；
步骤S5，中和并整理处理，向染缸内通入清水并加入平滑剂和柔软剂，接着升温至40℃并保温15min；
步骤S6，出水降温出缸，将步骤S15中染缸内的整理液排出，然后降温至室温，最后出缸。
通过上述技术方案，主要通过利用了上染完后的染色水继续使用，因为上染完成后染色水中的染色分子接近消耗完全，所以只要将一定比例皂洗剂放入到染色水中，进行搅拌洗涤就能够达到皂洗的目的，并不是将染色水排出，重新配制皂洗剂的洗涤液加入染缸内，然后加入水进行皂洗，所以大大减少了水资源的利用，间接提高了水资源的利用率，有利于环境保护，符合生态发展原则。
本发明进一步的，所述步骤S3中，染色至70～75℃后，继续升温至80℃，然后以1.5min/℃内升温至90℃，并且再以1min/℃内升温至100℃。
通过上述技术方案，阳离子染料在80～90℃内时，上染的比较多，上染的效果较好，所以相应地调节时间增长，能够达到最佳的上染效果。
本发明进一步的，所述柔软剂为嵌段硅油。
通过上述技术方案，嵌段硅油能够改变绞纱的静、动摩擦系数的化学物质，当改变了绞纱的静摩擦系数后，手感触摸有平滑感，易于在纤维或织物上移动；当改变了绞纱动摩擦系数后，纤维与纤维之间的微细结构易于相互移动，即易于形变，由此，整理后的腈纶绞纱光滑度好、蓬松度高。
本发明进一步的，所述皂洗剂包括FS分散剂、水质稳定剂、过氧基化合物和表面活性剂。
通过上述技术方案，FS分散剂对固体污垢有抗凝聚作用和分散作用；因为染色水中还存在这一些染料分子，通过水质稳定剂阻止染料分子或者杂质结垢的目的，同时有利于疏松结垢分子；过氧基化合物受热超过一定温度后会分解产生含氧自由基，能够避免毛腈绞纱被氧化；表面活性剂避免了在用皂洗剂处理时毛腈绞纱表面变得粗糙。
本发明进一步的，所述FS分散剂为聚丙烯酸钠；所述水质稳定剂为氨基三甲叉膦酸；所述过氧基化合物为过氧化苯甲酰；所述表面活性剂为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮。
本发明进一步的，所述步骤S4中，染色水中皂洗剂的含量为3g/L。
通过上述技术方案，染色水中皂洗剂的含量为3g/L时，皂洗处理的效果达到最佳。
本发明进一步的，染缸侧边设置有加剂料斗，加剂料斗的下端连接到染缸底部，加剂料斗侧边设置有开口和设置有启闭的开口封盖。
通过上述技术方案，普通采取打开染缸正面的盖子，然后向其内部加入漂染盐，如此操作不但容易造成工作人员被蒸汽误伤，另外会造成染缸内的温度降低，造成持续升温中断，难以达到稳定上染的目的，而采用侧边的加入，不容易造成大量蒸汽外溢，提高了上染效率。
本发明的染色工艺，得到浅色的毛腈绞纱具有柔顺的特点，且对于浅色的毛腈绞纱，其各部位之间的色差小，达到染色均匀的效果；此外通过设置的加剂料斗避免了蒸汽流出，提高了染色效率。
具体实施方式
以下通过制定10个试验进行比较，
实施例1，一种毛腈的染色工艺，主要包括如下步骤：
步骤S1，挂纱进缸，将毛腈绞纱按照一定的间隔挂接到染缸(染缸产自于东莞市大朗众顺锅炉经营部)内的蒸汽管上；
步骤S2，第一阶段绞纱浸湿入料，向染缸内通入清水，加入分散剂后进行搅拌，染缸加热系统对清水加热并升温至40℃，然后加入中性染料(中性橙RL)；
步骤S3，第一阶段升温染色，对于需要染至浅色的毛腈绞纱采用升温速度为1℃/min进行升温染色，且染色至70℃，然后加入阳离子染料(采用阳离子黄X-6G为作为阳离子染料)，1min/℃的升温速度升温染色至100℃，保温40min；
步骤S4，打开染缸盖子使得染色水降温至80℃，然后加入浴比为1:8的皂洗剂，且染色水中皂洗剂(乙二胺二邻苯基乙酸鈉)的含量为2g/L；
步骤S5，中和并整理处理，向染缸内通入清水并加入平滑剂和柔软剂(嵌段硅油)，接着升温至40℃并保温15min；
步骤S6，出水降温出缸，将步骤S15中染缸内的整理液排出，然后降温至室温，最后出缸。
实施例2，一种毛腈的染色工艺，与实施例1的不同之处在于，所述步骤S3中，染色至75℃后，继续升温至80℃，然后以1.5min/℃内升温至90℃，并且再以1min/℃内升温至100℃。
实施例3，一种毛腈的染色工艺，与实施例1的不同之处在于，所述步骤S3中，染色至75℃后，继续升温至80℃，然后以2min/℃内升温至90℃，并且再以1min/℃内升温至 100℃。
实施例4，一种毛腈的染色工艺，与实施例1的不同之处在于，所述步骤S3中，染色至75℃后，继续升温至80℃，然后以30s/℃内升温至90℃，并且再以1min/℃内升温至 100℃。
实施例5，一种毛腈的染色工艺，与实施例1的不同之处在于，所述步骤S5中，柔软剂采用烷基酰基季铵盐。
实施例6，一种毛腈的染色工艺，与实施例1的不同之处在于，所述FS分散剂为聚丙烯酸钠；所述水质稳定剂为氨基三甲叉膦酸；所述过氧基化合物为过氧化苯甲酰；所述表面活性剂为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮。
实施例7，一种毛腈的染色工艺，与实施例2的不同之处在于，所述FS分散剂为聚丙烯酸钠；所述水质稳定剂为氨基三甲叉膦酸；所述过氧基化合物为过氧化苯甲酰；所述表面活性剂为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮。
实施例8，一种毛腈的染色工艺，与实施例2的不同之处在于，所述步骤S4中，染色水中皂洗剂的含量为3g/L。
实施例9，一种毛腈的染色工艺，与实施例8的不同之处在于，染缸侧边设置有加剂料斗，加剂料斗的下端连接到染缸底部，加剂料斗侧边设置有开口和设置有启闭的开口封盖。
绞纱的性能表征：染色均匀度评定，照明条件按FJ/T 562第5章，采用D65标准光源，照度为600-1 000lx；具体操作为：将绞纱上的若干纱线缠绕在判色框上，纱线表面与入射光成45°角，观察方向大致垂直于纱线表面，观测距离30～40cm，在观察不清楚时，可将纱线表面与入射光成70°角，与观察人员目光成30°角，逐段观测，将纱线中最深段与最浅段之间的色差与灰色样卡对比，确定该绞纱的染色均匀度等级，结果在表1中示出。
表1实施例1-9和对比例的染色均匀度等级
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，本发明的保护范围并不仅局限于上述实施例，凡属于本发明思路下的技术方案均属于本发明的保护范围。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理前提下的若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种毛腈的染色工艺，其特征在于，主要包括如下步骤：
步骤S1，挂纱进缸，将毛腈绞纱按照一定的间隔挂接到染缸内的蒸汽管上；
步骤S2，第一阶段绞纱浸湿入料，向染缸内通入清水，加入分散剂后进行搅拌，染缸加热系统对清水加热并升温至40℃，然后加入中性染料；
步骤S3，第一阶段升温染色，对于需要染至浅色的毛腈绞纱采用升温速度为1℃/min进行升温染色，且染色至70~75℃，然后加入阳离子染料，升温染色至100℃，保温40~60min；
步骤S4，打开染缸盖子使得染色水降温至80℃，然后加入浴比为1:8的皂洗剂，且染色水中皂洗剂的含量为2~4g/L；
步骤S5，中和并整理处理，向染缸内通入清水并加入平滑剂和柔软剂，接着升温至40℃并保温15min；
步骤S6，出水降温出缸，将步骤S15中染缸内的整理液排出，然后降温至室温，最后出缸。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种毛腈的染色工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤S3中，染色至70~75℃后，继续升温至80℃，然后以1.5min/℃内升温至90℃，并且再以1min/℃内升温至100℃。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种毛腈的染色工艺，其特征在于，所述柔软剂为嵌段硅油。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种毛腈的染色工艺，其特征在于，所述皂洗剂包括FS分散剂、水质稳定剂、过氧基化合物和表面活性剂。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种毛腈的染色工艺，其特征在于，所述FS分散剂为聚丙烯酸钠；所述水质稳定剂为氨基三甲叉膦酸；所述过氧基化合物为过氧化苯甲酰；所述表面活性剂为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种毛腈的染色工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤S4中，染色水中皂洗剂的含量为3g/L。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种毛腈的染色工艺，其特征在于，染缸侧边设置有加剂料斗，加剂料斗的下端连接到染缸底部，加剂料斗侧边设置有开口和设置有启闭的开口封盖。
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