CN108147865A - A kind of method for making cultivation of auricularia auricula material using hickory nut production and processing waste - Google Patents
A kind of method for making cultivation of auricularia auricula material using hickory nut production and processing waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN108147865A CN108147865A CN201611110999.0A CN201611110999A CN108147865A CN 108147865 A CN108147865 A CN 108147865A CN 201611110999 A CN201611110999 A CN 201611110999A CN 108147865 A CN108147865 A CN 108147865A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The present invention is a kind of cultivation of auricularia auricula material, it is characterised in that with Chinese walnut twig powder, Pu shell bits, shell bits for primary raw material, is aided with the auxiliary materials such as rice bran, soy meal, calcium superphosphate, land plaster, the water content of culture material is 63% 65%.The production method that the content of present invention further includes the culture material.The advantage of the invention is that：First, Chinese walnut twig powder, Pu shell bits, shell bits, by sunlight exposure, secondary fermentation or accumulation ripening, not only toxic bateriostatics had been degraded, but also the macromolecular substances such as lignin, cellulose is made to be decomposed into the simple material for being conducive to the absorption of black fungus mycelia, have promoted the growth of black fungus mycelia；Second is that culture utilization is reasonable, bacterium material good permeability, water-retaining property are strong, and black fungus produce agaric performance is good, and yield is high, and biological efficiency is up to 120.2% 127.8%；Third, the harmless treatment for not being only Chinese walnut branch, Pu shell, shell provides a solution, also a kind of new matrix is had found for cultivation of auricularia auricula.
Description
Technical field
The present invention makes cultivation of auricularia auricula material using hickory nut production and processing waste, compatibility including culture material and should
The production method of culture material, belongs to fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
Hickory nut Pterostyrax Juglandaceae hickory is a kind of woody oil tree species, and fruit hickory nut is worldwide dry fruit,
The whole world shares 18 kinds, 3 subspecies.Hickory nut has long cultivation history in China, has so far more than 500 years, main point
It is distributed in around the temmoku mountain area of Zhejiang, two province of Anhui boundary, is located in 29 ° -31 ° of north latitude, 118 ° -120 ° of east longitude, total cultivated area is about
8.67 ten thousand hm2, more than 20,000 ton of annual output.
In hickory nut production and process, three classes waste can be generated.First, the branch generated after pruning.I
State's hickory nut cultivated area is big, the branch enormous amount that trimming is fallen from hickory nut garden every year, however, there is no obtain for these branches
It is utilized to rational, is largely used as fuel wood；Second is that pecan shell (being made of exocarp and middle pericarp).Hickory nut fresh fruit
Harvesting is got off, and one layer of Pu shell of outside is discarded after peeling with machine, and per 1 jin of dry seed of hickory nut of output, just have at least 4 jin
Pu shell.These Pu shells, quantity is very big, and by shelling also woods, (hickory nut is produced in mountain area after all, what much The mountains are high and the roads are steep for some
It is difficult to carry out that area, which will accomplish largely to go back woods), without also woods, by making charcoal personal or working as biological pesticide, dosage is also really
It is limited, therefore a large amount of pecan shell is arbitrarily abandoned or burned；Third, hickory nut shell, i.e. hickory nut endocarp, are wood
The hard shell that matter fossil cellular layer is formed.Past hickory nut is sold as dry fruit, and shell is difficult to recycle, and many mountains now
Walnut is by deep processing and utilization, and generated hickory nut shell is a large amount of and concentrate thus, these shell major part enterprises as
Waste is handled, and not only increases production cost, but also pollution environment.
Hickory nut branch, wood tissue is close, and content of lignin is high in unit volume；Pecan shell contains higher battalion
Substance is supported, according to surveying and determination, the Pu shell dried contains lignin about 43%, cellulose about 17%, nitrogen 0.56%, phosphorus 0.339%, potassium
0.797%；Shell contains the ingredients such as cellulose, lignin, wherein content of lignin about 52%, cellulose about 11%.It is above this
A little components can provide required carbon source for black fungus growth and development.But since this three classes waste also contains alkaloid and polyphenol
The substances such as class, these substances can inhibit the growth of black fungus mycelia, therefore the cultivation of hickory nut branch to be utilized, Pu shell, shell is black
Agaric, it is important to these antibacterial substances be enable to decompose and volatilize.
Black fungus is a kind of domestomycetes, has the ability of stronger decomposition lignin, cellulose, in edible mushroom Main Cultivation
Raw material (cotton seed hulls, sawdust) increasingly short today, if hickory nut branch, Pu shell, shell these waste wood matter substitution of resources woodss
Expect cultivating black fungus, be not only the drop of Edible Fungi this behave, but also be that a circular agriculture and environmental protection cause are lifted
It arranges.
Invention content
The present invention has following two aspects content：
1st, it is a kind of using hickory nut branch, Pu shell, shell as primary raw material cultivation of auricularia auricula material compatibility
2nd, the production method of culture material
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
A kind of cultivation of auricularia auricula material compatibility, there is following component and quality proportioning：Chinese walnut twig powder 7%-13%, Pu shell bits
16%-20%, shell bits 45%-55%, rice bran 15%, soy meal 5%, calcium superphosphate 1%, land plaster 1% is all dry matter
Quality, proportioning the sum of be 100%.
Chinese walnut twig powder：The particle of grain size 2mm-3mm is dried, be ground into, is then put outdoor stacking (windrow naturally
Place should centre be slightly higher, surrounding is slightly lower, and has ditch, not ponding), material heap high 1.5m-2m, wide 3m-5m are long unlimited.During windrow,
Bian Dui sides is answered to sprinkle water, make material fully drenched, usually keep material heap moistening (wood grain water content reaches saturation), and material heap surrounding passes through
Often it there are flowing out.During heap fermentation, every turning in 2 months is primary, altogether turning 4 times, and the time continues 1 year, fermentation ends
Afterwards, material is fully dried, collection is spare.
Pu shell is considered to be worth doing：The particle of grain size 5mm-7mm is dried, is ground into, then being put outdoor stack naturally (windrow place should
Centre is slightly higher, surrounding is slightly lower, and has ditch, not ponding), material heap high 2m-3m, wide 5m-10m are long unlimited.During windrow, Ying Biandui
Side is sprinkled water, and makes material fully drenched, usually keeps material heap moistening (Pu shell bits water content reaches saturation), and material heap surrounding often has water
Outflow.Primary per 20d turnings during heap fermentation, turning 4 times altogether, the time continues three months, after fermentation, will expect
It fully dries, collection is spare.
Shell is considered to be worth doing：The particle of grain size 3mm-5mm is dried, be ground into, is deposited at aeration-drying, is aged 1 year.
Rice bran：It is by-product when essence grinds rice after paddy husking, is soaked in rice bran containing protein 12%-18%, nitrogen-free
Go out object for 28%-43%, sugar 3%-8%, in addition, also rich in mineral nutrient, B family vitamin and vitamin E etc. in rice bran.
Soy meal：Soybean through drying, crush.
Calcium superphosphate：It is water soluble quick-acting phosphate fertilizer, phosphorus, sulphur nutritional ingredient is provided.
Land plaster：Stablize culture material acid-base value, increase calcium, sulphur nutritional ingredient.
The production method of culture material, includes the following steps：
1. shine material：Raw material is exposed to the sun 1d-2d before spice, part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material is killed, while make suppression using ultraviolet light
Bacterium substance decomposition is volatilized；
2. it prewets：First Chinese walnut twig powder, Pu shell bits, shell bits are turned uniformly in the dry state, it is pre- with water thereafter
Wet (fully drenched)；
3. bank up fermentation：Wet feed is piled into high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the unlimited trapezoidal heap of length, the cultivation per heap
Material is controlled in dry weight 300kg-500kg, and after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, then one is inserted on heap with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm
A little vertical stomatas, straight through reactor bottom, stomatal frequency are 1/m3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation；
4. turning：After material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep for 24 hours, then carrying out turning, and turning daily is primary later, finally
The auxiliary materials such as rice bran, soy meal, calcium superphosphate, land plaster are added in during turning, and are kept the skin wet depending on the water content of windrow, are turned over altogether
Heap 4-5 times, time continue 6d-7d, and when terminating fermentation, the water content of compost is 63%-65%；
5. it packs：Using folding length 15cm, length 60cm, thickness 0.05mm polyethylene from high pressure process bag cylinder, bacteria stick standard be stock column
Length (45 ± 1) cm, bacteria stick weight (2.3 ± 0.1) kg；
6. sterilizing, cooling：Material bag is subjected to normal-pressure sterilization, when kettle temperature reaches 100 DEG C (after discharge cold air), is kept
Then 10h-12h naturally cools to less than 25 DEG C.
Cave method (the equidistant dislocation in material bag both sides, i.e. 3, front, 2, the back side) inoculation is played using 5 points, hair is entered after inoculation
In the bacterium stage, culture room temperature control is at 20 DEG C -22 DEG C, and relative air humidity control is in 60%-75%, by the training of 50d-53d
It supports, mycelia covers with material bag, just into grand style, ear management.
The present invention, for primary raw material, is aided with rice bran, soy meal, peroxophosphoric acid with Chinese walnut twig powder, Pu shell bits, shell bits
The auxiliary materials such as calcium, land plaster make cultivation of auricularia auricula material.It the advantage is that：First, Chinese walnut twig powder, Pu shell bits, shell bits, warp
Sunlight exposure, secondary fermentation or accumulation ripening are crossed, had not only degraded toxic bateriostatics, but also lignin, cellulose etc. is made to divide greatly
Sub- substance decomposition is to be conducive to the simple material of black fungus mycelia absorption, promotes the growth of black fungus mycelia；Second is that _ _ cultivation
Material proportioning is reasonable, and bacterium material good permeability, water-retaining property are strong, and black fungus produce agaric performance is good, and yield is high, and biological efficiency reaches
120.2%-127.8%；Third, the harmless treatment for not being only Chinese walnut branch, Pu shell, shell provides a solution,
Also a kind of new matrix is had found for cultivation of auricularia auricula.
Specific embodiment
Mode 1：Cultivation of auricularia auricula material includes following component and quality proportioning in the present embodiment：Chinese walnut twig powder 7%, Pu
Shell bits 16%, shell bits 55%, rice bran 15%, soy meal 5%, calcium superphosphate 1%, land plaster 1% is all the matter of dry matter
The sum of amount, proportioning is 100%.
Production method：
1. shine material：Raw material is exposed to the sun 2d before spice, part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material is killed, while make bateriostatics using ultraviolet light
Matter decomposes volatilization；
2. it prewets：First Chinese walnut twig powder, Pu shell bits, shell bits are turned uniformly in the dry state, it is pre- with water thereafter
Wet (fully drenched)；
3. bank up fermentation：Wet feed is piled into high 1.2m, wide 3m, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted for the trapezoidal heap of long 5m, then
Some vertical stomatas, straight through reactor bottom are inserted on heap with the wooden stick of diameter 15cm, stomatal frequency is 1/m3, finally covers straw mat and allows
Its spontaneous fermentation；
4. turning：After material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep for 24 hours, then carrying out turning, and turning daily is primary later, finally
The auxiliary materials such as rice bran, analysis for soybean powder, calcium superphosphate, land plaster are added in during turning, and are kept the skin wet depending on the water content of windrow, are turned over altogether
Heap 4 times, time continue 6d, and when terminating fermentation, the water content of compost is 65%；
5. it packs：Using folding length 15cm, length 60cm, thickness 0.05mm polyethylene from high pressure process bag cylinder, bacteria stick standard be stock column
Length (45 ± 1) cm, bacteria stick weight (2.3 ± 0.1) kg；
6. sterilizing, cooling：Material bag is subjected to normal-pressure sterilization, when kettle temperature reaches 100 DEG C (after discharge cold air), is kept
Then 10h naturally cools to less than 25 DEG C.
Cave method (the equidistant dislocation in material bag both sides, i.e. 3, front, 2, the back side) inoculation is played using 5 points, hair is entered after inoculation
In the bacterium stage, culture room temperature control is at 22 DEG C, and relative air humidity control is 65%, and by the culture of 50d-53d, mycelia is covered with
Material bag, just into grand style, ear management.The biological efficiency of black fungus is up to 127.8%.
Mode 2：Cultivation of auricularia auricula material includes following component and quality proportioning in the present embodiment：Chinese walnut twig powder 10%,
Pu shell bits 18%, shell bits 50%, rice bran 15%, soy meal 5%, calcium superphosphate 1%, land plaster 1% is all the matter of dry matter
The sum of amount, proportioning is 100%.Production method reference mode 1.The biological efficiency of black fungus is up to 122.6%.
Mode 3：Cultivation of auricularia auricula material includes following component and quality proportioning in the present embodiment：Chinese walnut twig powder 3%, Pu
Shell bits 20%, shell bits 45%, rice bran 15%, soy meal 5%, calcium superphosphate 1%, land plaster 1% is all the matter of dry matter
The sum of amount, proportioning is 100%.Production method reference mode 1.The biological efficiency of black fungus is up to 120.2%.
Influence of the culture material of table different modes to black fungus biological efficiency
Claims (9)
1. a kind of cultivation of auricularia auricula material, it is characterised in that contain following component and quality proportioning：Chinese walnut twig powder 7%-13%,
Pu shell consider to be worth doing 16%-20%, shell bits 45%-55%, rice bran 15%, soy meal 5%, calcium superphosphate 1%, land plaster 1%, all for
The sum of the quality of dry matter, proportioning is 100%.
2. a kind of cultivation of auricularia auricula material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Chinese walnut twig powder is mountain core
The branch that peach garden trimming is fallen, through the particle for drying, being ground into grain size 2mm-3mm.
3. a kind of cultivation of auricularia auricula material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Pu shell bits are pecan shell,
Through the particle for drying, being ground into grain size 5mm-7mm.
4. a kind of cultivation of auricularia auricula material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Chinese walnut twig powder, Pu shell
Bits, it is necessary to ferment by natural packing, during windrow, Bian Dui sides be answered to sprinkle water, make material fully drenched, usually keep material heap moistening (bits
Grain water content reaches saturation), the every turning in two months of Chinese walnut twig powder is primary, and the composting time continues 1 year, and Pu shell bits are turned over per 20d
Heap is primary, and the time continues three months, after fermentation, material is fully dried, collection is spare.
5. a kind of cultivation of auricularia auricula material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the shell bits are hickory nut shell,
It through drying, be ground into the particle of grain size 3mm-5mm, is then deposited at aeration-drying, ageing 1 year is spare.
6. a kind of cultivation of auricularia auricula material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the rice bran is essence after paddy husking
Grind by-product during rice.
7. a kind of cultivation of auricularia auricula material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the soy meal is Soybean drying, powder
It is broken to form.
8. a kind of production method of the cultivation of auricularia auricula material described in claim 1-7, it is characterised in that：
1. shine material：Raw material is exposed to the sun 1d-2d before spice, part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material is killed, while make bateriostatics using ultraviolet light
Matter decomposes volatilization；
2. it prewets：First Chinese walnut twig powder, Pu shell bits, shell bits are turned uniformly in the dry state, is prewetted (fill with water thereafter
Divide drenched)；
3. bank up fermentation：Wet feed is piled into high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the unlimited trapezoidal heap of length, the culture material control per heap
It makes in dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, then some are inserted on heap with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm and is erected
Straight stomata, straight through reactor bottom, stomatal frequency are 1/m3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation；
4. turning：After material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep for 24 hours, then carrying out turning, and turning daily is primary later, last time
The auxiliary materials such as rice bran, soy meal, calcium superphosphate, land plaster are added in during turning, and are kept the skin wet depending on the water content of windrow, altogether turning 4-
5 times, the time continues 6d-7d, and when terminating fermentation, the water content of compost is 63%-65%；
5. it packs：Using folding length 15cm, length 60cm, thickness 0.05mm polyethylene from high pressure process bag cylinder, bacteria stick standard be stock column length
(45 ± 1) cm, bacteria stick weight (2.3 ± 0.1) kg：
6. sterilizing, cooling：Material bag is subjected to normal-pressure sterilization, when kettle temperature reaches 100 DEG C (after discharge cold air), keeps 10h-
Then 12h naturally cools to less than 25 DEG C.
9. utilize the cultivation of auricularia auricula material described in claim 1-8, it is characterised in that beat cave method (material bag both sides etc. using 5 points
Distance misplaces, i.e. 3, front, 2, the back side) inoculation, the bacterium germination stage is entered after inoculation, culture room temperature is controlled at 20 DEG C -22 DEG C,
Relative air humidity control is in 60%-75%, and by the culture of 50d-53d, mycelia covers with material bag, just into grand style, go out syrinx
Reason.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611110999.0A CN108147865A (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2016-12-06 | A kind of method for making cultivation of auricularia auricula material using hickory nut production and processing waste |
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| CN201611110999.0A CN108147865A (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2016-12-06 | A kind of method for making cultivation of auricularia auricula material using hickory nut production and processing waste |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108947637A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2018-12-07 | 周丽 | A method of cultivation of auricularia auricula material is made using hickory nut production and processing waste |
| CN109479623A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-03-19 | 施甸康宏农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of culture material and its cultural method using paper mulberry cultivating black fungus |
-
2016
- 2016-12-06 CN CN201611110999.0A patent/CN108147865A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108947637A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2018-12-07 | 周丽 | A method of cultivation of auricularia auricula material is made using hickory nut production and processing waste |
| CN109479623A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-03-19 | 施甸康宏农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of culture material and its cultural method using paper mulberry cultivating black fungus |
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Application publication date: 20180612 |