CN108142186A - A kind of large cherry Cultivate administration method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of large cherry Cultivate administration methods.The large cherry Cultivate administration method of the present invention uses different management methods in suitable period, enable to large cherry that can obtain best nutritional in each period, obtain optimum growh, dedicated fertilizer adds in fertilizer by coated with resin agent simultaneously can obtain slow-release function, so that the growing nutrient element of the various elements timesharing phase slow release supply large cherry of fertilizer, fertilizer is sprayed to different parts in suitable period according to large cherry cyclogenesis process respectively, cause large cherry fruit-setting rate 59.2% and single fruit weight 35.3%, soluble solid reaches 19.8% after testing, large cherry fruit calcium content is increased to 158 milligrams/hectogram by 11 milligrams common/hectogram simultaneously.

Description

A kind of large cherry Cultivate administration method

Technical field

The invention belongs to agricultural technology field, more particularly to a kind of large cherry Cultivate administration method.

Background technology

Large cherry, also referred to as Western cherry, 19 century 70 Western missionaries and countrymen residing abroad are passed to Shandong Yantai, are European sweet teas Cherry and sour cherry and its general name of cenospecies are gained the name due to its fruit size cherry more original than China is big.Due to sour cherry Peach and hybrid cherry cultivate that quantity is seldom in production, so large cherry in general sense refers both to sweet cherry.Large cherry fruit Containing abundant nutriment, also adjustable middle beneficial spleen, regulating qi and activating blood, soothing the liver is reduced phlegm and internal heat, and is a kind of health fruit promoted longevity, specially Family is referred to as " vitamin pill ".The big taste of large cherry fruit is good, 12~14 grams of mean fruit weight, and maximum 18.2 grams of single fruit weight, is common 4~6 times of small cherry, big as kyoto grape, the small meat of core is thick, belongs to meat type, sweet and sour taste, edible rate up to more than 95%, Skin depth, long fresh-keeping period, storage tolerance.Large cherry can also be processed into fruit juice, preserved fruit, jam, fruit wine etc. in addition to fresh food.

There are the management kinds that the fertilizer application time is improper, selection type is improper and uses for large cherry Cultivate administration at present The problems such as plant method is unreasonable so that the low output of large cherry, it is of low quality the problems such as.And large cherry does not have special fertilizer Material, generally also without slow-release function, in addition Fertilizer nutrient element is not comprehensive, causes cherry fertilizer in growth course ineffective It absorbs and utilizes, so as to cause later stage malnutrition, be in addition also required to reasonably adjust the opportunity of fertilising during fertilising, lead It causes nutritional imbalance and fertilizer absorption rate low, leads to large cherry low output.

Invention content

Goal of the invention：There is provided a kind of Cultivate administration methods of large cherry for the technical problems to be solved by the invention.

Technical solution：In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of Cultivate administration method of large cherry, packets Include following steps：

1) suspend mode period management：In late November to early Febuary, tree body fallen leaves after whitewash early trunk, Qing Yuan, remove disease fruit, Sick leaf, sick branch and pour freeze-up water；Heliogreenhouse is carried out after late January or adds the vinyl house of heat preservation heating measure that can detain canopy liter Temperature；The vinyl house of measure is not kept the temperature, heated in 2 months early and middle ten days button canopies；

2) it is managed before rudiment：Mid-February is to early March top dressing；There are 10~20 times of K84 pouring roots of use of root knot, there is root rot With beauteously that soil activating agent handles soil to use again after 10~14.5% multiple-effect spirit pouring root；Outdoor cropping before late Febuary germination, It sprays 5 Baume degrees lime sulfurs, 5%~10% urea and 0.5%~1.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and roots out overwintering bacterium source；

3) blooming period management：In mid or late March to early April, feather duster can be used in different product by carrying out florescence artificial supplementary pollination It rolls mutually between the tree of kind and is pollinated with profit, honeybee is put in orchard, and 0.1%~0.5% borax, 10~30mg/l seats are sprayed in full-bloom stage Fruit spirit, 200~400 times of beauteously that nutrient solution, 800~1200 times of humic acid, 0.4%~0.6% urea and 0.2%~0.4% Potassium dihydrogen phosphate；

4) young fruit period management：In early April to early and middle ten days in May, 200~400 times of beauteously that nutrition were sprayed every 10~15 days Liquid, 800~1200 times of humic acid, 0.2%~0.4% gold medal calcium 100,0.2%~0.4% sodium tetraborate and 0.4%~0.6% urine Element sprays 4 times altogether；Soil moisture is adjusted in time to 60%~80%；

5) fruit maturation period management：It carries out summer pruning in time after the first tenday period of a month in May to early June, fruiting period tree fruit picking, adjusts logical Wind light transmission, at the same spray 1.6%~2.0% 800~1200 times, 500 times Mancozebs of avermectin and 150-200 times 14%~ 16% paclobutrazol；

6) flower_bud formation period management：Mid-June to late August imposes bud differentiation fertilizer, generally imposes per acre in time after fruit picking 301 80-100 kilograms of bio-bacterial manures and 30 kilograms of high nitrogen and potassium composite fertilizer, 0.5% urea, 1：2：200 times of Bordeaux mixture, 0.3% Potassium dihydrogen phosphate；

7) the slow growing season management of young sprout：September carries out autumn basal dressing to October：Application of organic fertilizers is sheep manure or cow dung, and original is stringent By 1：0.2：1.2 proportion adjustment N P and K, and after 301 bacterium are fermented or directly 301 biological organic fertilizers of application 300- per acre 500 kilograms；Fertilizing method can cyclic annular ditch spread or ditch spread, also can interlacing fertilising；

8) vegetative storage period management：November to early December, attention control early defoliation disease, finding insect pest, spray 25% is gone out children in time 1 000 times of the suspending agent of urea 3, the last week of fallen leaves can spray 1-2% urea.

Top dressing is using large cherry dedicated fertilizer in the step 2), the dedicated fertilizer according to parts by weight include with The following group is grouped as：30~80 parts of urea, 2~10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 30~80 parts of potassium sulfate, 1~5 part of borax, ferrous sulfate 2 ~8 parts, 1~5 part of sterling zinc fertilizer, 2~8 parts of ammonium molybdate, 2~10 parts of calcium carbonate, 2~5 parts of coated with resin agent.

Wherein, above-mentioned coated with resin agent includes 80~90 parts of bisphenol A type epoxy resin, 2~5 parts of aluminium polychloride, adjacent benzene 2~5 parts of dicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester.

Wherein, the preparation method of above-mentioned fertilizer includes the following steps：

1) preparation of coated with resin agent：Parts by weight bisphenol A type epoxy resin described in accordance with the claim 3, aluminium polychloride, Repefral mixes, and is put into ethanol solution and obtains coating agent；

2) preparation of fertiliser granulates：By urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, borax, ferrous sulfate, sterling zinc fertilizer, ammonium molybdate and Calcium carbonate parts by weight described in accordance with the claim 2 are mixed to get fertiliser granulates in mixing machine, and fertiliser granulates are placed in stream Change on bed, inlet air temperature is 40~50 degrees Celsius, and leaving air temp is 30~40 degrees Celsius；

3) preparation of large cherry dedicated fertilizer：By coating agent and fluid bed hinder fertiliser granulates mix and can obtain fertilizer, it is described Sprinkler pressure on fluid bed is 0.08~0.25pa, and the pressure of compressed air is 0.5~0.75pa, flow for 800~ 1200ml/h。

Wherein, above-mentioned steps 3) in coating agent and fertiliser granulates weight ratio be 1:10~20.

The present invention also improves large cherry fruit-setting rate 59.95% by bearing fruit in growth period using growth regulator induction, reaches The mesh early rich to treelet early bearing.

Advantageous effect：The present invention has the following advantages relative to the prior art：The large cherry Cultivate administration method of the present invention In suitable period using different management methods, enable to large cherry that can obtain best nutritional in each period, obtain most Good growth, at the same dedicated fertilizer by coated with resin agent add in fertilizer can obtain slow-release function so that fertilizer it is various Element timesharing phase slow release supplies the growing nutrient element of large cherry, according to large cherry cyclogenesis process respectively suitable Period sprays fertilizer to different parts so that large cherry fruit-setting rate 59.2% and single fruit weight 35.3%, after testing soluble solids Object reaches 19.8%, while large cherry fruit calcium content is increased to 158 milligrams/hectogram by 11 milligrams common/hectogram, not only increases The strong disease resistance of tree body, it will be apparent that reduce the investment of pesticide, also lay a good foundation for the exploitation of functional supplementary calcium food.This hair It is bright also to improve large cherry fruit-setting rate 59.95% by bearing fruit in growth period using growth regulator induction, reach treelet early bearing morning Rich mesh.

Specific embodiment

With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is furture elucidated, however, the present invention is not limited thereto.

Embodiment 1

First, suspend mode period management (late November to early Febuary)

1st, trunk, clear garden removing disease fruit, sick leaf, sick branch are whitewashed after tree body fallen leaves early and pours freeze-up water.

2nd, our province has met the low temperature chilling requirement of large cherry after 1 last ten-days period, can carry out heliogreenhouse or have heat preservation, heating The vinyl house of measure can detain canopy heating；The vinyl house of measure is not kept the temperature, heated in 2 months early and middle ten days button canopies.

3rd, winter pruning is carried out in time, and treelet pays attention to the first transaction of a day's business major branch angle based on shaping；First fruiting period tree with delay put for It is main, notice that control is outer strong and upper strong, thorax fruit-bearing shoot cluster in culture；Trees in richful production period is to cultivate, rejuvenation, updates based on fruitful branch, suppression Under upper rush, quantity and the distribution of bud are adjusted.Sick branch is wiped out simultaneously, strikes off to stick up skin always and concentrate and burn.

2nd, managed before rudiment (in 2 months-early March)

1st, top dressing：It chases after available N fertilizer mid-February in time by output demand, improves Nitrogen Nutrition in tree body, Accelerate bloom knot Fruit improves yield.100 kilograms of fruits are often produced in principle and chase after 5 kilograms of quick-acting ammonium bicarbonates or ammonium sulfate, and non-bearing-age tree chases after 30 public affairs per acre Jin.It pours water in time after top dressing, arranges tree disk, mulch is covered, with sharp Meteorological effect.

2nd, there are the K84 pouring roots of 10 times of the use of root knot.After having the available 14.5% multiple-effect spirit pouring root of root rot, then with beauteously That soil activating agent (500 grams plus 150 grams of detritus acid) processing soil improves the penetrating environment of soil, mitigates the generation of disease.

3rd, greenhouse production should strictly control 23 DEG C of day temperature hereinafter, evening temperature is in 10 DEG C or more, humidity 70-80%, Florescence humidity 50% is hereinafter, with sharp Pollination Fertilization.Bee is put simultaneously or artificial pollination improves fruit-setting rate.

4th, outdoor cropping before late Febuary germination, sprays 5 Baume degrees lime sulfurs and 5% urea is added to add 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, Overwintering bacterium source is rooted out, supplements trunk infusion, improves tree body comprehensive resistance, reduces the generation of coming year pest and disease damage, while increases cell Liquid concentration plays the role of preventing late frost from endangering.

5th, it carries out spending preceding complex shears, overstocked bud of erasing, competition bud, saw kerf bud, stock bud etc..

6th, the scabs such as rot disease, dry rot, bleeding disease scrape and control coating (5 Baume degrees lime sulfurs or 500 times of support Cloth Tianjin), with the hole of the blocking branch-trunk insect such as poison label.

7th, at this time be exactly support branch, branch pulling and angle opening preferably period, can be needed according to tree-like by branch item to suitable angle, General major branch angle should be pulled to 70-80 degree.

3rd, blooming period management (down toward early April in 3 months)

1st, the indoor cherry of temperature has started coloring maturation, and should suitably take off film increases illumination, promotes coloring.

2nd, Snow coverage is prevented by florescence alternation of pouring water on a small quantity according to weather forecast before spending.

3rd, florescence artificial supplementary pollination is carried out can mutually to be rolled with profit pollination, orchard between different cultivars tree with feather duster Bee is put, and sprays 0.3% borax in full-bloom stage and clever 20mg/l inductions of bearing fruit is added to bear fruit, adding 300 times of spray, beauteously that nutrient solution adds 1000 times of detritus acid add 0.5% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate of foliar fertilizer to supplement trunk infusion and improve fruit-setting rate.

4th, flower thinning is carried out to trees in richful production period.Big tree is measured to flower and carries out complex shears, adjustment mosaic Bud ratio in time, is thinning out overstocked Weak flower, malformed flower are crossed, adjusts yield balance tree vigo(u)r.

5th, the big gourdshaped weevil first of timely artificial control's apple rain beetle, east chafer and young garden or with black light lamp or sugar Vinegar is trapped and killed.

4th, young fruit period management (April is up to early and middle ten days in May)

Beauteously that nutrient solution adds 1000 times of detritus acid to add 0.3% gold medal calcium 100 plus 0.3% 4 for primary 4 300 times of sprays of spray altogether in every 10 days Boratex adds 0.5% urea to supplement trunk infusion, promotes fruit development, prevents physiological fallen fruit, improves the prevention of fruit calcium content and splits Fruit improves quality.

2nd, the worm channel blocked in time with poison label or phosphatization aluminium flake on limb prevents red neck longicorn.

3rd, timely fruit thinning adjusts tree load capacity, prevents the weak generation for causing disease of tree vigo(u)r.Tree crown lower berth silver color is anti-simultaneously Light film can promote fruit color uniform, increase its vividness, improve its marketing quality.

4th, small water is poured when arid in time, soil moisture is adjusted to overdrying or overly moist between 60-80%, is sure not, prevents because of water Point metabolism disorder influences fruit development, causes dehiscent fruit.

5th, the tree body excessive to result quantities will suitably add biogas slurry fertilizer or composite fertilizer.To prevent the weak root rot of causing of tree vigo(u)r Occur.

5th, fruit maturation period management (the first tenday period of a month in May to early June)

1st, birds often like fruit of pecking in fruit maturation, can bury dummy or manually drive.

2nd, it pours stone water and is conducive to Fruit, can generally increase production 20%~30%.

2nd, summer pruning is carried out after the fruit picking of fruiting period tree in time, adjusts ventilation and penetrating light, while spray 1.8% avermectin The pests such as 1000 times of prevention red spider leaf rollers, leaf mining moth class cause harm plus 500 times of Mancozebs prevention shothole diseases add spray 150- 200 times of 15% paclobutrazol improves the regularity of bud differentiation, lays the foundation for next year high yield.

3rd, 2 years late Mays raw more than treelet spray in time, 100 times of paclobutrazol control tree vigo(u)r floral bud inductions are formed.

4th, it harvests：It gently to adopt, put down gently, avoid damage to fruit, should harvest by stages and in groups.Bouquet shape fruit branch is avoided damage to, with Annual output under the influence of exempting from.

6th, flower_bud formation period management (mid-June to late August)

1st, bud differentiation fertilizer is imposed after fruit picking in time, 80-100 kilograms of 301 bio-bacterial manure is generally imposed per acre plus high nitrogen and potassium is answered Soil is improved in 30 kilograms of Hefei, is improved utilization rate of fertilizer, is prevented the generation of root diseases, pour water in time after fertilising.Also it can combine Spray plus 0.5% urea of spray add 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

2nd, mid or late June sprays 1 in time：2：200 times of Bordeaux mixture prevent shothole disease, early defoliation disease etc..

3rd, June enters high temperature season, and since cherry root system is shallower, injury of the high temperature to superficial roots can be reduced by covering grass, Moisture-keeping function is may also function as, may advantageously facilitate the bud differentiation of cherry.But soil property sticks the level land of weight and waterlogged lowland and should not advocate and cover Grass leads to the generation of root diseases to prevent high humidity.

4th, early August sprays the pests such as 25% d ichlorbenzuron 3,1 000 times of suspending agent prevention boat-shaped caterpillar in time.

5th, enter after rainy season to August part in 7 and pay attention to drainage waterlogging prevention, timely tillage and weeding after rain.

7th, young sprout slow growth period (9-10 months)

1st, pay attention to the generation of pest and disease damage, protect blade, lay the foundation for next year high yield.

2nd, autumn basal dressing：Fine fertilizing management is carried out by yield target；Since cherry likes high nitrogen and potassium, to the needs of phosphate fertilizer Measure it is relatively fewer, therefore optimum organic fertilizer be sheep manure or cow dung, to reach in principle high yield garden jin 2 jin of organic fertilizers of fruit, together When will strictly press 1：0.2：1.2 proportion adjustment N P and K, and by 301 bacterium ferment after apply again or directly apply 301 biology 300-500 kilograms per acre of organic fertilizer.Fertilizing method can cyclic annular ditch spread or ditch spread, also can interlacing fertilising.

8th, vegetative storage phase (November to early December)

1st, it is that this phase is most important, work of most critical to protect blade, so it is noted that prevention early defoliation disease, find insect pest and When spray 25% d ichlorbenzuron 3,1 000 times of suspending agent.

2nd, timely and appropriate discovery waters, and prevents arid.

3rd, 1-2% urea can be sprayed in the last week of fallen leaves, to increase trunk infusion accumulation.

4th, orchard is cleaned in time, and 301 bacterium fermenting and producing organic fertilizers are reinstated into fallen leaves, residual branch collection one or is concentrated buried.With Eliminate winter pest and disease damage.

5th, it fills primary permeable before late December frozen soil, to meet needs of the winter-spring season large cherry to moisture, prevents Because stripping occurs for water shortage.

The large cherry dedicated fertilizer of application is formed according to parts by weight including following components：30 parts of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 parts, 30 parts of potassium sulfate, 1 part of borax, 2 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1 part of sterling zinc fertilizer, 2 parts of ammonium molybdate, 2 parts of calcium carbonate, coated with resin agent 2 parts.

Coated with resin agent includes 80 parts of bisphenol A type epoxy resin, 2 parts of aluminium polychloride, 2 parts of repefral.

A kind of preparation method of large cherry dedicated fertilizer, includes the following steps：

1) preparation of coated with resin agent：According to above-mentioned parts by weight by bisphenol A type epoxy resin, aluminium polychloride and neighbour

Rutgers mix, and are put into ethanol solution and obtain coating agent；The volumes of aqueous ethanol is 200ml, and quality is dense Spend is 85%.

2) preparation of fertiliser granulates：By urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, borax, ferrous sulfate, sterling zinc fertilizer, molybdic acid Ammonium and calcium carbonate are mixed to get fertiliser granulates according to above-mentioned parts by weight in mixing machine, and fertiliser granulates are placed in fluid bed On, inlet air temperature is 40 degrees Celsius, and leaving air temp is 30 degrees Celsius；

3) preparation of large cherry dedicated fertilizer：By coating agent and fluid bed hinder fertiliser granulates mix and can obtain fertilizer, it is described Sprinkler pressure on fluid bed is 0.08pa, and the pressure of compressed air is 0.5pa, flow 800ml/h.

The weight ratio of coating agent and fertiliser granulates in step 3) is 1:10.

Growth period using growth regulator induction bear fruit improve large cherry fruit-setting rate reach 54.95%, reach treelet morning The early rich mesh of fruit.

Embodiment 2

1) suspend mode period management：In late November to early Febuary, tree body fallen leaves after whitewash early trunk, Qing Yuan, remove disease fruit, Sick leaf, sick branch and pour freeze-up water；Heliogreenhouse is carried out after late January or adds the vinyl house of heat preservation heating measure that can detain canopy liter Temperature；The vinyl house of measure is not kept the temperature, heated in 2 months early and middle ten days button canopies；

2) it is managed before rudiment：Mid-February is to early March top dressing；There are 10~20 times of K84 pouring roots of use of root knot, there is root rot With beauteously that soil activating agent handles soil to use again after 10% multiple-effect spirit pouring root；Outdoor cropping before late Febuary germination, sprays 5 Baume degrees lime sulfur, 5%% urea and 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate root out overwintering bacterium source；

3) blooming period management：In mid or late March to early April, feather duster can be used in different product by carrying out florescence artificial supplementary pollination Kind tree between roll pollinated with profit mutually, orchard puts honeybee, spray 0.1% borax in full-bloom stage, 10mg/l bear fruit spirit, 200 times Beauteously that nutrient solution, 800 times of humic acid, 0.4% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate；

4) young fruit period management：In early April to early and middle ten days in May, every 200 times of spray in 10 days one time beauteously that nutrient solution, 800~ 1200 times of humic acid, 0.2% gold medal calcium 100,0.2% sodium tetraborate and 0.4% urea spray 4 times altogether；In time adjust soil moisture to 60%；

5) fruit maturation period management：It carries out summer pruning in time after the first tenday period of a month in May to early June, fruiting period tree fruit picking, adjusts logical Wind light transmission, while 800 times, 500 times Mancozebs of avermectin and 150 times of 14% paclobutrazol of spray 1.6%；

6) flower_bud formation period management：Mid-June to late August imposes bud differentiation fertilizer, generally imposes per acre in time after fruit picking 301 80 kilograms of bio-bacterial manures and 30 kilograms of high nitrogen and potassium composite fertilizer, 0.5% urea, 1：2：200 times of Bordeaux mixture, 0.3% phosphoric acid Potassium dihydrogen；

7) the slow growing season management of young sprout：September carries out autumn basal dressing to October：Application of organic fertilizers is sheep manure or cow dung, and original is stringent By 1：0.2：1.2 proportion adjustment N P and K, and after 301 bacterium are fermented or directly 301 biological organic fertilizers of application 300- per acre 500 kilograms；Fertilizing method can cyclic annular ditch spread or ditch spread, also can interlacing fertilising；

8) vegetative storage period management：November to early December, attention control early defoliation disease, finding insect pest, spray 25% is gone out children in time 1 000 times of the suspending agent of urea 3, the last week of fallen leaves can spray 1-2% urea.

Top dressing includes according to parts by weight with the following group using large cherry dedicated fertilizer, the dedicated fertilizer in step 2) It is grouped as：80 parts of urea, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 80 parts of potassium sulfate, 5 parts of borax, 8 parts of ferrous sulfate, 5 parts of sterling zinc fertilizer, molybdenum Sour 8 parts of ammonium, 10 parts of calcium carbonate, 5 parts of coated with resin agent.

Wherein, above-mentioned coated with resin agent includes 90 parts of bisphenol A type epoxy resin, 5 parts of aluminium polychloride, phthalic acid two 5 parts of methyl esters.

A kind of preparation method of large cherry dedicated fertilizer, includes the following steps：

1) preparation of coated with resin agent：According to above-mentioned parts by weight by bisphenol A type epoxy resin, aluminium polychloride and adjacent benzene two Formic acid dimethyl ester mixes, and is put into ethanol solution and obtains coating agent；The volumes of aqueous ethanol be 200ml, mass concentration 85%；

2) preparation of fertiliser granulates：By urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, borax, ferrous sulfate, sterling zinc fertilizer, ammonium molybdate and Calcium carbonate is mixed to get fertiliser granulates according to above-mentioned parts by weight in mixing machine, and fertiliser granulates are placed on fluid bed, into Air temperature is 50 degrees Celsius, and leaving air temp is 40 degrees Celsius；

3) preparation of large cherry dedicated fertilizer：By coating agent and fluid bed hinder fertiliser granulates mix and can obtain fertilizer, it is described Sprinkler pressure on fluid bed is 0.25pa, and the pressure of compressed air is 0.75pa, flow 1200ml/h.

The weight ratio of coating agent and fertiliser granulates in step 3) is 1:20.

Growth period using growth regulator induction bear fruit improve large cherry fruit-setting rate reach 59.1%, reach treelet early bearing Early rich mesh.

Embodiment 3：

1) suspend mode period management：In late November to early Febuary, tree body fallen leaves after whitewash early trunk, Qing Yuan, remove disease fruit, Sick leaf, sick branch and pour freeze-up water；Heliogreenhouse is carried out after late January or adds the vinyl house of heat preservation heating measure that can detain canopy liter Temperature；The vinyl house of measure is not kept the temperature, heated in 2 months early and middle ten days button canopies；

2) it is managed before rudiment：Mid-February is to early March top dressing；There are 20 times of K84 pouring roots of use of root knot, the use for having root rot Again with beauteously that soil activating agent processing soil after 12% multiple-effect spirit pouring root；Outdoor cropping before late Febuary germination, sprays 5 waves U.S. degree lime sulfur, 10% urea and 1.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate root out overwintering bacterium source；

3) blooming period management：In mid or late March to early April, feather duster can be used in different product by carrying out florescence artificial supplementary pollination Kind tree between roll pollinated with profit mutually, orchard puts honeybee, spray 0.5% borax in full-bloom stage, 30mg/l bear fruit spirit, 400 times Beauteously that nutrient solution, 1200 times of humic acid, 0.6% urea and 0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate；

4) young fruit period management：In early April to early and middle ten days in May, every 400 times of spray in 15 days one time beauteously that nutrient solution, 1200 times Humic acid, 0.4% gold medal calcium 100,0.4% sodium tetraborate and 0.6% urea spray 4 times altogether；Soil moisture is adjusted in time to 80%；

5) fruit maturation period management：It carries out summer pruning in time after the first tenday period of a month in May to early June, fruiting period tree fruit picking, adjusts logical Wind light transmission, while 1200 times, 500 times Mancozebs of avermectin and 200 times of 16% paclobutrazol of spray 2.0%；

6) flower_bud formation period management：Mid-June to late August imposes bud differentiation fertilizer, generally imposes per acre in time after fruit picking 301 100 kilograms of bio-bacterial manures and 30 kilograms of high nitrogen and potassium composite fertilizer, 0.5% urea, 1：2：200 times of Bordeaux mixture, 0.3% phosphorus Acid dihydride potassium；

7) the slow growing season management of young sprout：September carries out autumn basal dressing to October：Application of organic fertilizers is sheep manure or cow dung, and original is stringent By 1：0.2：1.2 proportion adjustment N P and K, and by 301 bacterium ferment after or directly apply 301 biological organic fertilizers per acre 500 public affairs Jin；Fertilizing method can cyclic annular ditch spread or ditch spread, also can interlacing fertilising；

8) vegetative storage period management：November to early December, attention control early defoliation disease, finding insect pest, spray 25% is gone out children in time 1 000 times of the suspending agent of urea 3, the last week of fallen leaves can spray 2% urea.

Top dressing is using large cherry dedicated fertilizer in the step 2), the dedicated fertilizer according to parts by weight include with The following group is grouped as：55 parts of urea, 6 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 55 parts of potassium sulfate, 3 parts of borax, 5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3 parts of sterling zinc fertilizer, 5 parts of ammonium molybdate, 6 parts of calcium carbonate, 3 parts of coated with resin agent.

Wherein, above-mentioned coated with resin agent includes 85 parts of bisphenol A type epoxy resin, 3 parts of aluminium polychloride, phthalic acid two 3 parts of methyl esters.

The preparation method of large cherry dedicated fertilizer, includes the following steps：

11) preparation of coated with resin agent：According to above-mentioned parts by weight by bisphenol A type epoxy resin, aluminium polychloride and adjacent benzene Dicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester mixes, and is put into ethanol solution and obtains coating agent；The volumes of aqueous ethanol is 200ml, and mass concentration is 85%；

2) preparation of fertiliser granulates：By urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, borax, ferrous sulfate, sterling zinc fertilizer, ammonium molybdate and Calcium carbonate is mixed to get fertiliser granulates according to above-mentioned parts by weight in mixing machine, and fertiliser granulates are placed on fluid bed, into Air temperature is 45 degrees Celsius, and leaving air temp is 35 degrees Celsius；

3) preparation of large cherry dedicated fertilizer：By coating agent and fluid bed hinder fertiliser granulates mix and can obtain fertilizer, it is described Sprinkler pressure on fluid bed is 0.15pa, and the pressure of compressed air is 0.6pa, flow 1000ml/h.

The weight ratio of coating agent and fertiliser granulates in step 3) is 1:15.

Large cherry fruit-setting rate 59.2% and single fruit weight 35.3%, after testing soluble solid reach 19.8%, while big Cherry fruit calcium content is increased to 158 milligrams/hectogram by 11 milligrams common/hectogram, not only increases the disease resistance of tree body, bright Reduce the investment of pesticide aobviously.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that：For the ordinary skill people of the art For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications also should It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of Cultivate administration method of large cherry, which is characterized in that include the following steps：

1) suspend mode period management：In late November to early Febuary, tree body fallen leaves after whitewash early trunk, Qing Yuan, remove disease fruit, Sick leaf, sick branch and pour freeze-up water；Heliogreenhouse is carried out after late January or adds the vinyl house of heat preservation heating measure that can detain canopy liter Temperature；The vinyl house of measure is not kept the temperature, heated in 2 months early and middle ten days button canopies；

2) it is managed before rudiment：Mid-February is to early March top dressing；There are 10~20 times of K84 pouring roots of use of root knot, there is root rot With beauteously that soil activating agent handles soil to use again after 10~14.5% multiple-effect spirit pouring root；Outdoor cropping before late Febuary germination, It sprays 5 Baume degrees lime sulfurs, 5%~10% urea and 0.5%~1.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and roots out overwintering bacterium source；

3) blooming period management：In mid or late March to early April, feather duster can be used in different product by carrying out florescence artificial supplementary pollination It rolls mutually between the tree of kind and is pollinated with profit, honeybee is put in orchard, and 0.1%~0.5% borax, 10~30mg/l seats are sprayed in full-bloom stage Fruit spirit, 200~400 times of beauteously that nutrient solution, 800~1200 times of humic acid, 0.4%~0.6% urea and 0.2%~0.4% Potassium dihydrogen phosphate；

4) young fruit period management：In early April to early and middle ten days in May, 200~400 times of beauteously that nutrition were sprayed every 10~15 days Liquid, 800~1200 times of humic acid, 0.2%~0.4% gold medal calcium 100,0.2%~0.4% sodium tetraborate and 0.4%~0.6% urine Element sprays 4 times altogether；Soil moisture is adjusted in time to 60%~80%；

5) fruit maturation period management：It carries out summer pruning in time after the first tenday period of a month in May to early June, fruiting period tree fruit picking, adjusts logical Wind light transmission, at the same spray 1.6%~2.0% 800~1200 times, 500 times Mancozebs of avermectin and 150-200 times 14%~ 16% paclobutrazol；

6) flower_bud formation period management：Mid-June to late August imposes bud differentiation fertilizer, generally imposes per acre in time after fruit picking 301 80-100 kilograms of bio-bacterial manures and 30 kilograms of high nitrogen and potassium composite fertilizer, 0.5% urea, 1：2：200 times of Bordeaux mixture, 0.3% Potassium dihydrogen phosphate；

7) the slow growing season management of young sprout：September carries out autumn basal dressing to October：Application of organic fertilizers is sheep manure or cow dung, and original is stringent By 1：0.2：1.2 proportion adjustment N P and K, and after 301 bacterium are fermented or directly 301 biological organic fertilizers of application 300- per acre 500 kilograms；Fertilizing method can cyclic annular ditch spread or ditch spread, also can interlacing fertilising；

8) vegetative storage period management：November to early December, attention control early defoliation disease, finding insect pest, spray 25% is gone out children in time 1 000 times of the suspending agent of urea 3, the last week of fallen leaves can spray 1-2% urea.

2. a kind of large cherry Cultivate administration method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that top dressing is adopted in the step 2) It is large cherry dedicated fertilizer, the dedicated fertilizer is formed according to parts by weight including following components：30~80 parts of urea, phosphorus 2~10 parts of acid dihydride potassium, 30~80 parts of potassium sulfate, 1~5 part of borax, 2~8 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1~5 part of sterling zinc fertilizer, molybdic acid 2~8 parts of ammonium, 2~10 parts of calcium carbonate, 2~5 parts of coated with resin agent.

3. a kind of large cherry Cultivate administration method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the coated with resin agent includes 80~90 parts of bisphenol A type epoxy resin, 2~5 parts of aluminium polychloride, 2~5 parts of repefral.

A kind of 4. large cherry Cultivate administration method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the preparation method of the fertilizer Include the following steps：

1) preparation of coated with resin agent：Parts by weight bisphenol A type epoxy resin described in accordance with the claim 3, aluminium polychloride, Repefral mixes, and is put into ethanol solution and obtains coating agent；

2) preparation of fertiliser granulates：By urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, borax, ferrous sulfate, sterling zinc fertilizer, ammonium molybdate and Calcium carbonate parts by weight described in accordance with the claim 2 are mixed to get fertiliser granulates in mixing machine, and fertiliser granulates are placed in stream Change on bed, inlet air temperature is 40~50 degrees Celsius, and leaving air temp is 30~40 degrees Celsius；

3) preparation of large cherry dedicated fertilizer：By coating agent and fluid bed hinder fertiliser granulates mix and can obtain fertilizer, it is described Sprinkler pressure on fluid bed is 0.08~0.25pa, and the pressure of compressed air is 0.5~0.75pa, flow for 800~ 1200ml/h。