CN1081145C - 齿条助力转向器 - Google Patents

齿条助力转向器 Download PDF

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CN1081145C
CN1081145C CN97199036A CN97199036A CN1081145C CN 1081145 C CN1081145 C CN 1081145C CN 97199036 A CN97199036 A CN 97199036A CN 97199036 A CN97199036 A CN 97199036A CN 1081145 C CN1081145 C CN 1081145C
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pinion
housing
rack
steering system
tooth bar
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CN1234003A (zh
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让-乌韦·哈费马尔兹
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ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62DMOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D5/00Power-assisted or power-driven steering
    • B62D5/06Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle
    • B62D5/20Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle specially adapted for particular type of steering gear or particular application
    • B62D5/22Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle specially adapted for particular type of steering gear or particular application for rack-and-pinion type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62DMOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D3/00Steering gears
    • B62D3/02Steering gears mechanical
    • B62D3/12Steering gears mechanical of rack-and-pinion type
    • B62D3/123Steering gears mechanical of rack-and-pinion type characterised by pressure yokes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19Gearing
    • Y10T74/19642Directly cooperating gears
    • Y10T74/1967Rack and pinion

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Gears, Cams (AREA)

Abstract

在一种在主动小齿轮壳体(6)与缸的壳体之间有一个例如塑料制的弹性连接壳体的齿条助力转向器中,齿条(1)和主动小齿轮(2)的支承位置不是刚性地固定在壳体内的。小齿轮轴线(A)与小齿轮壳体的对心通过存在的齿条齿与小齿轮齿的接触线(B)进行。按本发明,通过一在加压块(3)盖(5)中的附加的加压元件(7),将齿条齿无间隙地压入小齿轮的齿中,并由此使小齿轮轴线(A)与小齿轮壳体(6)对心。在齿条助力转向器装配在汽车中之后拆除此加压元件(7)以及弹簧加载加压块(3)的作用重新存在。定心的小齿轮轴线(A)保证小齿轮与齿条之间齿的良好滚动。

Description

齿条助力转向器
本发明涉及一种齿条助力转向器,它有分成多个部分的转向器壳体,此壳体有一小齿轮壳体和一缸的壳体以及设在这两个壳体之间例如用塑料制的大弹性连接壳体。主动小齿轮在小齿轮壳体内旋转。一根可在此分成多个部分的转向器壳体内轴向移动地被导引的齿条,在小齿轮壳体内通过一弹性加载的加压块与小齿轮保持啮合。齿条通过一活塞杆与活塞连接,活塞在缸的壳体内将伺服马达的两个压力腔彼此隔开。连接壳体设计为,没有任何定位力从小齿轮壳体传递给缸的壳体。
本发明以未预先公开的DE19545439为出发点,它介绍了一种齿条助力转向器,其中,齿条在转向器壳体内支承的过定位不可避免地要在加工转向器壳体和齿条时昂贵地缩小加工公差。为了便于加工,将小齿轮壳体与缸的壳体之间的连接壳体用一种弹性材料制造。采用这种本身不传力和扭矩的弹性连接壳体,可以避免齿条在转向器壳体内支承的过定位。小齿轮壳体相对于缸的壳体的位置由齿条来确定。
在小齿轮壳体与缸的壳体之间有比较刚性的连接的齿条助力转向器中,小齿轮壳体与齿条壳体之间的加工误差恶化了滚动特性。一方面是小齿轮与齿条的啮合齿决定这些轴线,另一方面齿条和小齿轮的支承位置又确定了另外两条轴线。为了使这些轴线互相一致,所涉及的构件都必须加工得非常精确。尺寸公差和形位公差比较小导致昂贵的加工成本。在按DE19545439的设计方案中,齿条和小齿轮的支承位置在壳体内不是刚性固定的。小齿轮轴线A的定位通过所存在的齿的接触线B进行。齿条齿被加压块压入小齿轮齿中,由此使小齿轮轴线定位。但由于存在的加压块间隙,小齿轮轴线还可相对于齿条齿小量地移动。其结果是又会导致恶化齿的滚动特性。
本发明的目的是,在具有一弹性连接壳体的齿条助力转向器中,避免因加压块间隙引起尚存在的误差源,从而获得齿的最佳滚动特性。
此目的通过具有权利要求1特征部分所述特征的齿条助力转向器达到。此方案在于,在弹性加载的加压块上作用一附加的加压元件,在齿条转向器还没有装入汽车内的状态下它将齿条无间隙地压入小齿轮中,而当转向器装配在汽车内后重新将其拆除。由此,小齿轮轴线与小齿轮壳体可按存在的啮合齿对心。通过加压元件将加压块朝齿条方向压以及将齿条朝小齿轮方向压,此加压元件因而消除了加压块的间隙。加压块的作用取消。以此方向保证小齿轮轴线按照齿条齿与小齿轮齿的接触线在这些构件之间无间隙地定心。
在权利要求2中说明了一种合乎目的的设计。加压元件支承在加压块的盖中并设计为螺钉。因此对于附加的作用在齿条1上的加压元件得到了一种经济的方案。
按照权利要求3,加压元件保证齿条处于中心位置,所以汽车处于一直向前行驶的状态。这一位置对于由汽车制造厂装配转向器而言是最佳的。
下面借助于附图表示的实施例进一步说明本发明。
其中:
图1局部取走壳体的转向器转向机构俯视图;以及
图2局部取走壳体并有加压块和加压元件的转向器转向机构另一
   个俯视图。
如图1和2所示,齿条1啮合在主动小齿轮2中。主动小齿轮轴线A的定心通过存在的接触线B(图2)实现。加压块3通过弹簧4的力将齿条的齿压入主动小齿轮的齿中,并使小齿轮轴线A定心。弹簧4支承在主动小齿轮壳体6内的盖5中。但是主动小齿轮轴线可相对于齿条齿在存在的加压块间隙范围内移动一个小的量。按照本发明,在盖5中装一加压元件7,它将加压块3朝齿条1的方向以及将齿条1朝主动小齿轮2的方向移动。作为加压元件7例如可使用一个螺钉。此螺钉7则与加压块3不同,它将齿条1无间隙地固定支承在主动小齿轮2内。在这一状态下接着将主动小齿轮壳体6装入汽车,然后重新拆除加压元件7。事先调整好的加压块间隙现在重新存在。
采用本发明可以获得一个如在选配法中类似的优点。在选配时准确测量壳体的支承位置,然后,通过选择小齿轮上的和齿条上的齿配成对。然而这种选配法由于费用高和需要大量的零件所以无法实施。在使用弹性连接壳体并结合按本发明的加压元件7的情况下,通过小齿轮轴线A按齿条1的齿来定心,自动形成这些构件的最佳配对。
其他的优点通过以下所述获得,即,在制造小齿轮的齿和齿条的齿时的加工误差可以比较大,不会恶化滚动特性。采用比较大的加工公差减少了废品以及可以使用具有更快的加工速度的加工过程。这导致在改善或有相同的齿滚动质量的情况下降低成本。
规定在工厂交货状态加压元件将齿条在中心位置通过加压块固定在小齿轮中,也就是说在此状态下汽车直线行驶。这种交货状态被许多汽车制造优先采用,因为这样一来在汽车中的装配能容易进行。

Claims (3)

1.齿条助力转向器,包括
-一个分成多个部分的转向器壳体有主动小齿轮壳体(6)和缸的壳体以及设在这两个壳体部分之间有大弹性的连接壳体;
-在主动小齿轮壳体内可旋转地支承一主动小齿轮(2);
-可在转向器壳体内轴向移动地被导引的齿条(1)在主动小齿轮壳体(6)内通过一弹簧加载的加压块(3)与主动小齿轮(2)保持啮合;
-齿条通过一活塞杆与活塞连接,活塞在缸的壳体内将伺服马达的两个压力腔彼此隔开,
其特征为:在弹簧加载的加压块(3)上作用了一个附加的加压元件(7),在齿条助力转向器还没有装入汽车内的状态下,它将齿条(1)无间隙地压入主动小齿轮(2),而当转向器装配在汽车内后将该加压元件除去。
2.按照权利要求1所述的齿条助力转向器,其特征为:加压元件(7)设计为一个装在加压块(3)盖(5)中的螺钉。
3.按照权利要求1所述的齿条助力转向器,其特征为:加压元件在转向器出厂交货状态将齿条(1)固定在中心位置。
CN97199036A 1996-11-19 1997-11-13 齿条助力转向器 Expired - Fee Related CN1081145C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19647797A DE19647797A1 (de) 1996-11-19 1996-11-19 Zahnstangen-Hilfskraftlenkung
DE19647797.2 1996-11-19

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CN1234003A CN1234003A (zh) 1999-11-03
CN1081145C true CN1081145C (zh) 2002-03-20

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CN97199036A Expired - Fee Related CN1081145C (zh) 1996-11-19 1997-11-13 齿条助力转向器

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US (1) US6193008B1 (zh)
EP (1) EP0939720B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2001503711A (zh)
CN (1) CN1081145C (zh)
DE (2) DE19647797A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO1998022326A1 (zh)

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DE10151295A1 (de) * 2001-10-17 2003-05-08 Zf Lenksysteme Gmbh Zahnstangenlenkung
JP4083596B2 (ja) * 2003-02-26 2008-04-30 ユニシア ジェーケーシー ステアリングシステム株式会社 パワーステアリング装置
CN100429107C (zh) * 2003-10-29 2008-10-29 唐行伦 汽车驾驶操纵装置
DE102011006816A1 (de) * 2011-04-06 2012-10-11 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Zahnstangenlenkgetriebe
CN103434564A (zh) * 2013-09-03 2013-12-11 苏州巴吉赛车科技有限公司 一种转向器

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19647797A1 (de) 1998-05-20
CN1234003A (zh) 1999-11-03
EP0939720B1 (de) 2001-02-14
JP2001503711A (ja) 2001-03-21
US6193008B1 (en) 2001-02-27
EP0939720A1 (de) 1999-09-08
DE59703004D1 (de) 2001-03-22
WO1998022326A1 (de) 1998-05-28

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