CN108046910A - A kind of anti-floating novel rice machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance and production method - Google Patents
A kind of anti-floating novel rice machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance and production method Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The present invention disclose a kind of anti-floating novel rice machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance, is formulated in proportion by the fermentation materials that mushroom slag, acid-sludge, manioc waste are formed after biofermentation harmless treatment and native and mushroom sward mixture etc., parts by volume component is：24 parts of fermentation materials, 12 parts of charcoal chaff, 12 parts of coconut palm chaff, 12 parts of vermiculite, 13 parts of soil, 12 parts of mushroom sward mixture；In addition the composite fertilizer of total weight 0.2 0.5% is added and in right amount containing minerals, the synergist of trace element, short strong agent；The production method of the matrix has the working process of raw material, organic materials fermentation process, mixing, adjustment physical and chemical index and quantitative package.The seedling raising ground substance that the present invention is made using industrial organic wastes as raw material, nutrient is comprehensive, stable quality, can promote rice shoot robust growth, meets water and does not float, is very suitable for rice planting technology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of production method of plant nutrient matrix, more particularly to a kind of anti-floating novel rice machine transplanting of rice
The production method of seedling raising ground substance, belongs to agricultural technology field.
Background technology
Rice is one of cereal crops of China's cultivated area maximum.Since rice-cultivating needs seedling, for a long time, pass
The rice seedling bed of system is all before seedling season, picks the relatively good field of soil fertility, and green manuring turns over together with topsoil
Retting is smooth after ploughing, then takes off ditch and dry reason into seedbed, and rice paddy seed is directly sowed in soil seedbed, surface covering ground surface soil,
Nutrition Soil made of the hybrid reactors such as frozen soil, plant ash, organic fertilizer, fetching earth year after year be easy to cause soil cultivation damage layer and surface layer is supported
Divide leakage.Chinese patent CN101507410B discloses " machine-transplanted rice seedling raising ground substance and its production of the inventions such as Wang Qichuan
Method ", and it is disclosed in detail that the after multiple beneficial microbial fermentation adds fertilizer using agriculture and forestry organic waste materials such as stalks as raw material
The seedling raising ground substance of the preparations such as sustained release agent, bonding agent, water-retaining agent is used for raising rice seedlings instead of soil.In July, 2013, Chinese patent
CN102503654A discloses a kind of " machine-transplanted rice seedling raising ground substance " of the inventions such as Zhenjiang Pei Lei matrix company Cai Lixin, and in detail
It discloses with rice seedling raising ground substance old and that agaricus bisporus leftover bits and pieces, needle mushroom leftover bits and pieces etc. are prepared for primary raw material then.
On May 4th, 2016, Chinese patent CN105532299A disclosed the " a kind of of the inventions such as Zhenjiang Xing Nong organic fertilizers Co., Ltd Cai Zhong
Raising rice seedlings organic substrate ", and be disclosed in detail the matrix by Jing Guo fermentation process acid-sludge, the mixing of manioc waste and straw powder
Material, coconut palm chaff wet feed, plant ash, turf, vermiculite composition.
Since the agriculture and forestry organic waste materials residuum such as agricultural crop straw is most of long, quality is light, transport, crushing and working process
Difficulty is larger, costly, and nutrient is low in addition, fiber content is high, and decomposition rate is slow, and decomposed period is long；Agaricus bisporus and acupuncture needle
The mushroom leftover bits and pieces fermentation reactor system time is long, and turning heavy workload, large area Commercialization application has certain limitation；And acid-sludge, wood
The organic materials such as potato slag, the mixed material of straw powder and coconut palm chaff, light specific gravity, easily floating of watering.So in the prior art, rice
The deficiencies of seedling raising ground substance generally existing nutrient is low, the fermentation reactor system time is long, turning heavy workload and quality are light, the skills such as watering floating
Art problem.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is being directed to the technical problems such as the deficiency of existing seedling raising ground substance and watering floating, provide using biology
The anti-floating novel rice machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance of one kind and production method of fermentation technique production, substrate products stable quality, particle
It is small, nutrient is high, no hydro-planing is very suitable for the growth and development of strengthening seedling of rice machine.
It is a further object to provide a kind of technologies of anti-floating novel rice machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance production method
Scheme.
The technical scheme is that be accomplished by the following way：
A kind of anti-floating novel rice machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance, by mushroom slag, acid-sludge, manioc waste after biofermentation harmless treatment
The fermentation materials of formation are formulated in proportion with charcoal chaff, coconut palm chaff, vermiculite, it is characterised in that：Also contain in the seedling raising ground substance
Soil and mushroom sward mixture；In terms of parts by volume, component is the machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance：2-4 parts of fermentation materials, charcoal chaff 1-2
Part, 1-2 parts of coconut palm chaff, 1-2 parts of vermiculite is 1-3 parts native, 1-2 parts of mushroom sward mixture；In addition answering for total weight 0.2-0.5% is added
Hefei and in right amount containing minerals, trace element synergist, short strong agent；
Finished product it is anti-floating novel rice machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance physical and chemical index be：Total nutrient content 2-5%, effective N, P, K content
4.5-10g/kg dry matter 0.3-0.55g/cm3, total porosity 55-70%, unit weight 0.5-0.65g/ml, grain size≤5mm, butt
Content of organic matter 30-45% in matter, EC value 2-3mS/cm, gas-water ratio 1：2-4, pH 5.5-7.0；The matrix is appearance in palm fibre
The granular solids of brown or dark brown, free from extraneous odour.
The mushroom slag is the mixing mushroom slag of needle mushroom, Pleurotus eryngii mushroom slag or needle mushroom and Pleurotus eryngii, water content 45-60%,
PH is 5.5-7.5, EC values 2.5-3.5mS/cm；The acid-sludge is the leftover bits and pieces of Zhi Cu enterprises, water content 50-65%, pH 5.0-
6.5, EC value 2.5-3.5mS/cm；The manioc waste is the leftover bits and pieces after cassava materials extraction alcohol, then is generated through anaerobic fermentation
The residue formed after biogas, water content 55-65%, pH 5.5-7.0, EC value 2-3.5mS/cm.
The carbon chaff is the bran particulate matter that the irregular material left after combusting rice hull is carbonized is formed through broken, sieving
Material, grain size 0.5-2mm；The coconut palm chaff is domestic or import coconut palm chaff, using wet expansion working process, water content 50-65%,
Diameter≤2mm, length≤5mm.
The soil is loess, the grogs of vegetable garden soil, land after broken processing, grain size≤3mm, water content 20-
30%；The mushroom sward mixture is the mushroom culture medium using rice and kernel grass as primary raw material, and output mushroom is decomposed through mushroom mycelium
The waste material left afterwards, and through decomposition reactor system one month or more, the mushroom that daylight is recycled to dry, is obtained after mechanical crushing processing
Mushroom sward mixed material, sward volume ratio are 3-4：1, water content 30-50%.
The composite fertilizer is 15-15-15 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers；The synergist is containing mineral calcium, magnesium, sulphur and micro member
Plain sheet, manganese, zinc, copper, molybdenum, boron, silicon, 1000 times of aqueous solutions of selenium, dosage are the 0.2-0.5% of matrix total weight；Short strong agent is more
1000 times of aqueous solutions of azoles are imitated, dosage is the 0.2-0.3% of matrix total weight.
Component of the machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance in terms of parts by volume be：3 parts of fermentation materials, 1 part of charcoal chaff, 1 part of coconut palm chaff, vermiculite 1
Part, in addition 2 parts of soil, 2 parts of mushroom sward mixture adds the composite fertilizer and 0.3% of total weight 0.3% containing minerals, micro member
The synergist of element, 0.2% short strong agent；The physical and chemical index of the machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance is：Total nutrient content 3%, effective N, P, K contain
Measure 7g/kg, dry matter 0.4g/cm3, total porosity 65%, unit weight 0.55g/ml, grain size 3-4mm, the content of organic matter in butt matter
36%, EC value 2.5mS/cm, gas-water ratio 1：3, pH 6.0.
The total nutrient is N+P2O5+K2O。
The production method and step of the machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance are as follows：
1）The working process of raw material
1. the mushroom slag in raw material is broken into the particulate matter of grain size≤5mm；Mushroom sward mixture, manioc waste dry respectively, powder
It is broken；
2. handling native water content to 20-30%, pulverize and sieve to 50 mesh, grain size 1-3mm；
3. by charcoal chaff powder is broken, to be screened into the granule materials of grain size 0.5-2mm spare；
4. by coconut palm chaff using wet expansion working process, water content 50-65%, diameter≤2mm, length≤5mm.
2）The fermentation process of organic materials：After mushroom slag, acid-sludge, manioc waste in raw material is mixed by formula rate, use
High temperature quick rotting agent carries out fermentation reactor system decomposed processing 45-90 days, after organic materials is fully decomposed, is crushed, is dry, sieving
Obtain fermentation materials；In the fermentation materials, mushroom slag accounts for 40-60%, acid-sludge 20-30%, manioc waste 20-30%；
3）It is mixed：By step 2）Obtained fermentation materials and step 1）1.-mushroom sward the mixture that 4. obtains, charcoal chaff,
Coconut palm chaff, soil and composite fertilizer, synergist, short strong agent uniformly mix, and form matrix semi-finished product；
4）It measures, adjustment physical and chemical index：It measures, the physical and chemical index of adjustment matrix, makes water content, total porosity, unit weight, air water
Than, EC values, pH indexs meet desired value described in claim 1；
5）Quantitative package：The rice mechanical transplanting seedling raising ground substance made quantitatively is packed into packaging bag, every bag of charge weight 25-40kg；
The high temperature quick rotting agent is pulvis, is made of actinomyces, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus, effective active bacterial content
Hundred million units/grams of 0.5-1, wherein actinomyces account for 40-60%；Dosage adds 40-60kg for the organic mixtures of 100m3
The fermentation maturity processing time is 60 days.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1st, the present invention carries out formula improvement on the basis of existing seedling raising ground substance, and is easily generated for the watering of existing seedling raising ground substance
The major defect of floating, the big raw materials of unit weights such as addition loess, vegetable garden soil, land, mushroom sward mixture, improves matrix
Physicochemical character solves watering flotation issue.
2nd, the present invention prepares the anti-floating novel rice machine of the one kind for producing and processing and forming through science using biofermentation technique
Seedling raising ground substance is inserted, is a kind of new medium of economic benefits and social benefits unification, which is not only suitable for machine-transplanted rice seedling raising, and is suitable for
Conventional rice seedling.
3rd, primary raw material of the present invention is industrial solid organic waste material, is under activation of microorganism effect, is sent out through high temperature
A kind of decomposed organic substrate formed of ferment.
4th, raw material of the present invention is handled through biofermentation high temperature purification, is not likely to produce pathogenic bacteria, can be reduced rice seedling seedling diseases
Insect pest occurs, and to cultivate the dark green health of well developed root system, leaf color, the transplanting strong sprout of no disease and pests harm lays the foundation.
5th, raw material preferred for this invention is organic waste, cheap and easy to get, and raw material supply is secure, not only improves ring
It protects, and is conducive to production and processing and simplifies, while production cost 20-25% can be reduced.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is furture elucidated, it should be understood that the embodiment be merely to illustrate the present invention and
It is not used in and limits the scope of the invention, after the present invention has been read, those skilled in the art are to the various shapes of equal value of the present invention
The modification of formula falls within the application scope as defined in the appended claims.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of anti-floating novel rice machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance, by mushroom slag, acid-sludge, manioc waste after biofermentation harmless treatment
The fermentation materials of formation are formulated in proportion with charcoal chaff, coconut palm chaff, vermiculite, soil and mushroom sward mixture, the machine transplanting of rice seedling base
Matter component in terms of parts by volume is：3 parts of fermentation materials, 1 part of charcoal chaff, 1 part of coconut palm chaff, 1 part of vermiculite, 2 parts of soil, mushroom sward mixture 2
Part, in addition add the 15-15-15 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers of matrix total weight 0.3%, matrix total weight 0.3% containing mineral calcium,
Magnesium, sulphur and trace elements iron, manganese, zinc, copper, molybdenum, boron, silicon, selenium 1000 times of aqueous solutions synergist, matrix total weight 0.25%
1000 times of aqueous solutions of paclobutrazol short strong agent.
The physical and chemical index of finished substrate is：N+P2O5+K2O total nutrient contents 3%, effective N, P, K content 7g/kg, dry matter
0.4g/cm3, total porosity 65%, unit weight 0.55g/ml, grain size 3-4mm, the content of organic matter 36% in butt matter, EC values 2.5mS/
Cm, gas-water ratio 1：3, pH 6.0；The matrix is appearance in sepia or the granular solids of dark brown, free from extraneous odour.
Mushroom slag be factory culture needle mushroom mushroom slag, water content 50%, pH 6.5, EC values 3.1mS/cm；Acid-sludge is Zhenjiang
The permanent leftover bits and pieces along vinegar industry, water content 50-65%, pH5.0-6.5, EC value 3.3mS/cm；Manioc waste is that Zhenjiang Alcohol Plant utilizes wood
Leftover bits and pieces after potato raw material extraction alcohol, then the residue formed after anaerobic fermentation generates biogas, water content 55-65%, pH are
5.5-7.0, EC value 2-3.5mS/cm.
Carbon chaff is the irregular material formed after one enterprise of Zhenjiang Dantu is carbonized using combusting rice hull, through broken, sieving
The bran granule materials of formation, grain size 0.5-2mm；Coconut palm chaff is import coconut palm chaff, using wet expansion working process, water content 50-
65%, diameter≤2mm, length≤5mm.
Grogs of the soil for vegetable garden soil after broken processing, grain size≤3mm, water content 20-30%；Mushroom sward mixture
It is the mushroom culture medium using rice and kernel grass as primary raw material, the waste material left after mushroom mycelium decomposes output mushroom, and pass through
Decomposition reactor system one month or more, the mushroom sward mixed material that daylight is recycled to dry, is obtained after mechanical crushing processing, sward body
Product is than being 3：1, water content 42%.
The production method and step of the machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance are as follows：
1）The working process of raw material
1. the mushroom slag in raw material is broken into the particulate matter of grain size≤5mm；Mushroom sward mixture, manioc waste dry respectively, powder
It is broken；
2. handling native water content to 20-30%, pulverize and sieve to 50 mesh, grain size 1-3mm；
3. by charcoal chaff powder is broken, to be screened into the granule materials of grain size 0.5-2mm spare；
4. by coconut palm chaff using wet expansion working process, water content 50-65%, diameter≤2mm, length≤5mm.
2）The fermentation process of organic materials：Mushroom slag, acid-sludge, manioc waste in raw material is pressed 50：25：After the mixing of 25 ratios,
Decomposition reactor system fermentation harmless treatment 60 days is carried out using high temperature quick rotting agent, after organic materials is fully decomposed, is crushed, is dry
Dry, sieving obtains fermentation materials；The high temperature quick rotting agent is pulvis, is made of actinomyces, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus,
Hundred million units/grams of effective active bacterial content 0.5-1, wherein actinomyces account for 40-60%；Dosage is the organic mixture additions of 100m3
50kg。
3）It is mixed：By step 2）Obtained fermentation materials and step 1）1.-mushroom sward the mixture that 4. obtains,
Charcoal chaff, coconut palm chaff, soil and composite fertilizer, synergist, short strong agent uniformly mix, and form matrix semi-finished product.
4）It measures, adjustment physical and chemical index：It measures, the physical and chemical index of adjustment matrix, makes water content, total porosity, unit weight, gas
Water than, EC values, pH indexs meet finished substrate requirement desired value.
5）Quantitative package：The rice mechanical transplanting seedling raising ground substance made quantitatively is packed into packaging bag, every bag of charge weight 30kg.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of anti-floating novel rice machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance, by mushroom slag, acid-sludge, manioc waste after biofermentation harmless treatment
The fermentation materials of formation are formulated in proportion with charcoal chaff, coconut palm chaff, vermiculite, soil and mushroom sward mixture, the machine transplanting of rice seedling base
Matter component in terms of parts by volume is：2 parts of fermentation materials, 1 part of charcoal chaff, 1 part of coconut palm chaff, 1 part of vermiculite, 1 part of soil, mushroom sward mixture 1
Part, in addition add the 15-15-15 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers of matrix total weight 0.2%, matrix total weight 0.2% containing mineral calcium,
Magnesium, sulphur and trace elements iron, manganese, zinc, copper, molybdenum, boron, silicon, selenium 1000 times of aqueous solutions synergist, matrix total weight 0.2%
The short strong agent of 1000 times of aqueous solutions of paclobutrazol.
The physical and chemical index of finished substrate is：N+P2O5+K2O total nutrient contents 2%, effective N, P, K content 4.5g/kg, dry
Weight 0.3g/cm3, total porosity 55%, unit weight 0.5g/ml, grain size 3-4mm, the content of organic matter 30% in butt matter, EC values 2mS/
Cm, gas-water ratio 1：2, pH 5.5；The matrix is appearance in sepia or the granular solids of dark brown, free from extraneous odour.
Mushroom slag be factory culture Pleurotus eryngii mushroom slag, water content 45%, pH 5.5, EC values 2.5mS/cm；Acid-sludge is Zhenjiang
The permanent leftover bits and pieces along vinegar industry, water content 60%, pH6.0, EC values 3.5mS/cm；Manioc waste is that Zhenjiang Alcohol Plant utilizes cassava materials
Extract the leftover bits and pieces after alcohol, then the residue formed after anaerobic fermentation generates biogas, water content 60%, pH 5.5, EC values
3.5mS/cm。
Carbon chaff is the irregular material formed after one enterprise of Zhenjiang Dantu is carbonized using combusting rice hull, through broken, sieving
The bran granule materials of formation, grain size 0.5-2mm；Coconut palm chaff is import coconut palm chaff, using wet expansion working process, water content 60%,
Diameter≤2mm, length≤5mm.
Grogs of the soil for loess after broken processing, grain size≤3mm, water content 20-30%；Mushroom sward mixture is
Using rice and kernel grass as the mushroom culture medium of primary raw material, the waste material that leaves after mushroom mycelium decomposes output mushroom, and through heap
It makes decomposed one month or more, the mushroom sward mixed material that daylight is recycled to dry, is obtained after mechanical crushing processing, sward volume
Than for 3.5：1, water content 50%.
The production method and step of the machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance are as follows：
1）The working process of raw material
1. the mushroom slag in raw material is broken into the particulate matter of grain size≤5mm；Mushroom sward mixture, manioc waste dry respectively, powder
It is broken；
2. handling native water content to 20-30%, pulverize and sieve to 50 mesh, grain size 1-3mm；
3. by charcoal chaff powder is broken, to be screened into the granule materials of grain size 0.5-2mm spare；
4. by coconut palm chaff using wet expansion working process, water content 50-65%, diameter≤2mm, length≤5mm.
2）The fermentation process of organic materials：Mushroom slag, acid-sludge, manioc waste in raw material is pressed 40：30：30 ratio mixing
Afterwards, the decomposed processing of fermentation reactor system 45 days is carried out using high temperature quick rotting agent, after organic materials is fully decomposed, is crushed, is dry,
Sieving obtains fermentation materials；The high temperature quick rotting agent is pulvis, is made of, has actinomyces, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus
Active bacterial content hundred million units/grams of 0.5-1 of effect, wherein actinomyces account for 40-60%；Dosage is the organic mixture additions of 100m3
60kg。
3）It is mixed：By step 2）Obtained fermentation materials and step 1）1.-mushroom sward mixture, the charcoal 4. obtained
Chaff, coconut palm chaff, soil and composite fertilizer, synergist, short strong agent uniformly mix, and form matrix semi-finished product.
4）It measures, adjustment physical and chemical index：It measures, the physical and chemical index of adjustment matrix, makes water content, total porosity, unit weight, gas
Water than, EC values, pH indexs meet the desired value of finished substrate.
5）Quantitative package：The rice mechanical transplanting seedling raising ground substance made quantitatively is packed into packaging bag, every bag of charge weight 25kg.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of anti-floating novel rice machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance, by mushroom slag, acid-sludge, manioc waste after biofermentation harmless treatment
The fermentation materials of formation are formulated in proportion with charcoal chaff, coconut palm chaff, vermiculite, soil and mushroom sward mixture, the machine transplanting of rice seedling base
Matter component in terms of parts by volume is：4 parts of fermentation materials, 2 parts of charcoal chaff, 2 parts of coconut palm chaff, 2 parts of vermiculite, 3 parts of soil, mushroom sward mixture 2
Part, in addition add the 15-15-15 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers of matrix total weight 0.5%, matrix total weight 0.5% containing mineral calcium,
Magnesium, sulphur and trace elements iron, manganese, zinc, copper, molybdenum, boron, silicon, selenium 1000 times of aqueous solutions synergist, matrix total weight 0.3%
The short strong agent of 1000 times of aqueous solutions of paclobutrazol.
The matrix physical and chemical index is：N+P2O5+K2O total nutrient contents 5%, effective N, P, K content 10g/kg, dry matter
0.55g/cm3, total porosity 70%, unit weight 0.65g/ml, grain size≤5mm, the content of organic matter 45% in butt matter, EC values 3mS/
Cm, gas-water ratio 1：4, pH 7.0；The matrix is appearance in sepia or the granular solids of dark brown, free from extraneous odour.
Mushroom slag is the mixing mushroom slag of factory culture needle mushroom and Pleurotus eryngii, water content 60%, pH 5.5, EC values 2.5mS/
cm；Acid-sludge is Zhenjiang perseverance along the leftover bits and pieces of vinegar industry, water content 65%, pH6.5, EC values 3.5mS/cm；Manioc waste is Zhenjiang Alcohol Plant
Using the leftover bits and pieces after cassava materials extraction alcohol, then the residue formed after anaerobic fermentation generation biogas, water content 55-65%,
PH is 5.5-7.0, EC values 2-3.5mS/cm.
Carbon chaff is the irregular material formed after one enterprise of Zhenjiang Dantu is carbonized using combusting rice hull, through broken, sieving
The bran granule materials of formation, grain size 0.5-2mm；Coconut palm chaff is import coconut palm chaff, using wet expansion working process, water content 50-
65%, diameter≤2mm, length≤5mm.
Grogs of the soil for land after broken processing, grain size≤3mm, water content 20-30%；Mushroom sward mixture
It is the mushroom culture medium using rice and kernel grass as primary raw material, the waste material left after mushroom mycelium decomposes output mushroom, and pass through
Decomposition reactor system one month or more, the mushroom sward mixed material that daylight is recycled to dry, is obtained after mechanical crushing processing, sward body
Product is than being 4：1, water content 30%.
The biofermentation is decomposed using high temperature after mixing mushroom slag, acid-sludge, manioc waste in 60%, 20%, 20% ratio
Microbial inoculum carries out decomposition reactor system fermentation harmless treatment；The rotten microbial inoculum of high temperature speed is by actinomyces, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus group
Into effective active bacterium bacteria containing amount hundred million units/grams of 0.5-1, wherein actinomyces account for 40-60%；The rotten microbial inoculum dosage of high temperature speed is every
100m3 material 40kg, fermentation time 90 days.
The production method and step of the machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance are as follows：
1）The working process of raw material
1. the mushroom slag in raw material is broken into the particulate matter of grain size≤5mm；Mushroom sward mixture, manioc waste dry respectively, powder
It is broken；
2. handling native water content to 20-30%, pulverize and sieve to 50 mesh, grain size 1-3mm；
3. by charcoal chaff powder is broken, to be screened into the granule materials of grain size 0.5-2mm spare；
4. by coconut palm chaff using wet expansion working process, water content 50-65%, diameter≤2mm, length≤5mm.
2）The fermentation process of organic materials：Mushroom slag, acid-sludge, manioc waste in raw material is pressed 60：20：20 ratio mixing
Afterwards, the decomposed processing of fermentation reactor system 90 days is carried out using high temperature quick rotting agent, after organic materials is fully decomposed, is crushed, is dry,
Sieving obtains fermentation materials；The high temperature quick rotting agent is pulvis, is made of, has actinomyces, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus
Active bacterial content hundred million units/grams of 0.5-1 of effect, wherein actinomyces account for 40-60%；Dosage is the organic mixture additions of 100m3
40kg。
3）It is mixed：By step 2）Obtained fermentation materials and step 1）1.-mushroom sward mixture, the charcoal 4. obtained
Chaff, coconut palm chaff, soil and composite fertilizer, synergist, short strong agent uniformly mix, and form matrix semi-finished product.
4）It measures, adjustment physical and chemical index：It measures, the physical and chemical index of adjustment matrix, makes water content, total porosity, unit weight, gas
Water meets the desired value of matrix requirement than, indexs such as EC values, pH.
5）Quantitative package：The rice mechanical transplanting seedling raising ground substance made quantitatively is packed into packaging bag, every bag of charge weight 40kg.
Rice mechanical transplanting seedling raising ground substance prepared by embodiment since 2015, has carried out big in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu city Dantu District successively
Area application test achieves significant effect, and peasant extremely welcomes, and the rice seedling brought out is healthy and strong strong, anti-injured, especially
It is suitble to mechanized planting.Using the matrix of the present embodiment 1 for raising rice seedlings, than conventional seedling raising ground substance and traditional Nutrition Soil
Good, watering does not generate floating, and the rice seedling well developed root system of cultivation, packing power is strong, and blade is roomy, bright in color, and pest and disease damage is few；
Rice shoot is short strong strong, and anti-injured is especially strong, and seedling quality is good, and transplanting survival rate is high；The rice shoot brought out than conventional Nutrition Soil
Average plant height reduces 10-15%, fits cultivation phase extension 4-7 days.The matrix of embodiment 1 sees attached list 1 with conventional nutraceutical soil seedling effect.
Test site：Industry Dantu District Gu Yang towns Gu Yang villages；Test variety type：Japonica rice；Seedling raising method：
Mould disk；Sowing quantity：2.5-3.0 kgs/acre of crop field, seed soaking time：48 it is small when, room temperature vernalization；Sowing time：On May 21st, 2016,
Application rate：150-175 grams of bud paddy/disk；Matrix and Nutrition Soil subsoil thickness：1.8-2.2 centimetres, 0.6-1.1 centimetres of lid seed soil.
1 Seedling Quality in Rice contrast table of subordinate list
Table 1 can be seen that the rice mechanical transplanting seedling raising ground substance described in embodiment 1, most of indexs are all slightly above other matrix, test table
Bright, the rice mechanical transplanting seedling raising ground substance of embodiment 1 has good using effect.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of anti-floating novel rice machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance, passes through biofermentation harmless treatment by mushroom slag, acid-sludge, manioc waste
The fermentation materials formed afterwards are formulated in proportion with charcoal chaff, coconut palm chaff, vermiculite, it is characterised in that：Also contain in the seedling raising ground substance
There are soil and mushroom sward mixture；In terms of parts by volume, component is the machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance：2-4 parts of fermentation materials, charcoal chaff 1-
2 parts, 1-2 parts of coconut palm chaff, 1-2 parts of vermiculite is 1-3 parts native, 1-2 parts of mushroom sward mixture；In addition add total weight 0.2-0.5%'s
Composite fertilizer and in right amount containing minerals, trace element synergist, short strong agent；
Finished product it is anti-floating novel rice machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance physical and chemical index be：Total nutrient content 2-5%, effective N, P, K content
4.5-10g/kg dry matter 0.3-0.55g/cm3, total porosity 55-70%, unit weight 0.5-0.65g/ml, grain size≤5mm, butt
Content of organic matter 30-45% in matter, EC value 2-3mS/cm, gas-water ratio 1：2-4, pH 5.5-7.0；The matrix is appearance in palm fibre
The granular solids of brown or dark brown, free from extraneous odour.
2. a kind of anti-floating novel rice machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The mushroom slag is gold
The mixing mushroom slag of pin mushroom, Pleurotus eryngii mushroom slag or needle mushroom and Pleurotus eryngii, water content 45-60%, pH 5.5-7.5, EC value 2.5-
3.5mS/cm；The acid-sludge is the leftover bits and pieces of Zhi Cu enterprises, water content 50-65%, pH 5.0-6.5, EC value 2.5-3.5mS/
cm；The manioc waste is that cassava materials extract the leftover bits and pieces after alcohol, then the residue formed after anaerobic fermentation generates biogas, is contained
Water 55-65%, pH 5.5-7.0, EC value 2-3.5mS/cm.
3. a kind of anti-floating novel rice machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The carbon chaff is rice
The bran granule materials that the irregular material left after shell burning carbonization is formed through broken, sieving, grain size 0.5-2mm；The coconut palm
Chaff is domestic or import coconut palm chaff, using wet expansion working process, water content 50-65%, diameter≤2mm, length≤5mm.
4. a kind of anti-floating novel rice machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The soil is Huang
The grogs of soil, vegetable garden soil, land after broken processing, grain size≤3mm, water content 20-30%；The mushroom sward mixing
Material is the mushroom culture medium using rice and kernel grass as primary raw material, the waste material left after mushroom mycelium decomposes output mushroom, and
Through decomposition reactor system one month or more, the mushroom sward mixed material that daylight is recycled to dry, is obtained after mechanical crushing processing, sward
Volume ratio is 3-4：1, water content 30-50%.
5. a kind of anti-floating novel rice machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The composite fertilizer is 15-15-15 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers；The synergist is containing mineral calcium, magnesium, sulphur and trace element
Iron, manganese, zinc, copper, molybdenum, boron, silicon, 1000 times of aqueous solutions of selenium, dosage are the 0.2-0.5% of matrix total weight；Short strong agent is multiple-effect
1000 times of aqueous solutions of azoles, dosage are the 0.2-0.3% of matrix total weight.
6. a kind of anti-floating novel rice machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The machine transplanting of rice seedling
Component of the matrix in terms of parts by volume be：3 parts of fermentation materials, 1 part of charcoal chaff, 1 part of coconut palm chaff, 1 part of vermiculite, 2 parts of soil, the mixing of mushroom sward
2 parts of material, in addition adds composite fertilizer and 0.3% synergist containing minerals, trace element of total weight 0.3%, 0.2% it is short strong
Agent.
7. a kind of anti-floating novel rice machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The machine transplanting of rice seedling
The physical and chemical index of matrix is：Total nutrient content 3%, effective N, P, K content 7g/kg, dry matter 0.4g/cm3, total porosity 65%,
Unit weight 0.55g/ml, grain size 3-4mm, the content of organic matter 36% in butt matter, EC value 2.5mS/cm, gas-water ratio 1：3, pH are
6.0。
8. according to the anti-floating novel rice machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance of the described one kind of claim 1 or 6, it is characterised in that：It is described total foster
It is divided into N+P2O5+K2O。
9. a kind of production method of anti-floating novel rice machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Make step
It is rapid as follows：
1）The working process of raw material
1. the mushroom slag in raw material is broken into the particulate matter of grain size≤5mm；Mushroom sward mixture, manioc waste dry respectively, powder
It is broken；
2. handling native water content to 20-30%, pulverize and sieve to 50 mesh, grain size 1-3mm；
3. by charcoal chaff powder is broken, to be screened into the granule materials of grain size 0.5-2mm spare；
4. by coconut palm chaff using wet expansion working process, water content 50-65%, diameter≤2mm, length≤5mm；
2）The fermentation process of organic materials：After mushroom slag, acid-sludge, manioc waste in raw material is mixed by formula rate, using high temperature
Quick rotting agent carries out fermentation reactor system decomposed processing 45-90 days, after organic materials is fully decomposed, is crushed, is dry, sieving obtains
Fermentation materials；In the fermentation materials, mushroom slag accounts for 40-60%, acid-sludge 20-30%, manioc waste 20-30%；
3）It is mixed：By step 2）Obtained fermentation materials and step 1）1.-mushroom sward the mixture that 4. obtains, charcoal chaff,
Coconut palm chaff, soil and composite fertilizer, synergist, short strong agent uniformly mix, and form matrix semi-finished product；
4）It measures, adjustment physical and chemical index：It measures, the physical and chemical index of adjustment matrix, makes water content, total porosity, unit weight, air water
Than, EC values, pH indexs meet desired value described in claim 1；
5）Quantitative package：The rice mechanical transplanting seedling raising ground substance made quantitatively is packed into packaging bag, every bag of charge weight 25-40kg；
The high temperature quick rotting agent is pulvis, is made of actinomyces, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus, effective active bacterial content
Hundred million units/grams of 0.5-1, wherein actinomyces account for 40-60%；Dosage adds 40-60kg for the organic mixtures of 100m3.
10. a kind of production method of anti-floating novel rice machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：
The fermentation maturity processing time is 60 days.
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