CN108003995B - 一种液压传动两用油及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种液压传动两用油及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108003995B
CN108003995B CN201711365195.XA CN201711365195A CN108003995B CN 108003995 B CN108003995 B CN 108003995B CN 201711365195 A CN201711365195 A CN 201711365195A CN 108003995 B CN108003995 B CN 108003995B
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金伟
左志军
杨小雪
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BEIJING UNIFLY TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Hebei Shensi New Material Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种液压传动两用油及其制备方法，属于润滑油加工技术领域。该液压传动两用油包括以质量份计的如下原料：基础油96‑99份、抗氧剂0.6‑4份和极压抗磨剂0.5‑1.5份，其中所述抗氧剂为抗氧抗腐剂和抗氧防胶剂的混合物。本发明的液压传动两用油具有优异的高温抗氧化性能，具有较高的粘度指数和较宽的使用温度范围，还具备良好的抗乳化性、防锈性、水解安定性和热稳定性，使机械设备在恶劣的工作条件下正常工作。

Description

一种液压传动两用油及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及润滑油加工技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种液压传动两用油及其制备方法。
背景技术
液压油，就是利用液体压力能的液压系统使用的液压介质，在液压系统中起着能量传递、抗磨、系统润滑、防腐、防锈、冷却等作用。对于液压油来说，首先应满足液压装置在工作温度下与启动温度下对液体粘度的要求，由于润滑油的粘度变化直接与液压动作、传递效率和传递精度有关，还要求油的粘温性能和剪切安定性应满足不同用途所提出的各种需求。传动油，就是利用液体动能来传递能量的传动系统所使用的介质，要求油品具有高的粘度指数和低的凝固点，良好的热氧化安定性和剪切安定性等。液压油和传动油是液压工程机械中应用最广泛，使用量最大的两种油品，它不仅在机械中充当工作介质进行能量的传递和转换，还起到润滑、冷却、清洁和密封的作用，故称为机械工程中的血液。
公开号CN104232274A公开了一种液力传动油，包括以下质量分数的组分：合成酯50-90％，添加剂3.5-11％，余量为聚烷撑二醇，具有优异的低温性能。
公开号CN105199814A公开了一种高抗磨液压油，按照重量百分含量包括以下组分：基础油85-95％，抗氧剂0.1-2％，磷基化合物0.1-5％，消泡剂0.1-2％，极压抗磨剂0.5-5％，金属减活剂0.1-1％。
公开号CN103773576A公开了一种低温液压油，按重量百分比是由86-93％HVIS基础油、2-4％粘度指数改进剂、1-2％降凝剂、0.5-2％抗氧剂和2.5-4％极压抗磨剂制成的。
以上现有技术仅公开了单一的液压油或是传动油，不具备液压油和传动油的双重功效，而且侧重提高的是油品的低温性能或抗磨性能，忽略了油品的高温抗氧化性能，而实际应用中，机械设备高速运转后内部温度会迅速升高，油品易颜色变深变粘稠，影响流动性进而影响机械工作。
发明内容
本发明提供一种克服上述问题的液压传动两用油，该液压传动两用油具有优异的高温抗氧化性能，具有较高的粘度指数和较宽的使用温度范围，还具备良好的抗乳化性、防锈性、水解安定性、热稳定性和过滤性，使机械设备在恶劣的工作条件下正常工作。
本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种液压传动两用油，以重量份计，包括如下原料：基础油96-99份、抗氧剂0.6-4份和极压抗磨剂0.5-1.5份，其中所述抗氧剂为抗氧抗腐剂和抗氧防胶剂的混合物。
上述技术方案中，抗氧抗腐剂能抑制油品氧化及保护润滑表面不受水或其它污染物的化学侵蚀，抗氧防胶剂能防止烯烃等物质的氧化、聚合，提高产品的氧化诱导期，防止胶质产生，从而提高产品安定性、过滤性和热稳定性，抗氧防胶剂与抗氧抗腐剂的复配产生协同作用，从而达到优异的高温抗氧化性能；同时，该技术方案中基础油的含量大于94％，突破了现有技术中常规含量，相应地减少了添加剂的用量，降低成本，但由于抗氧防胶剂与抗氧抗腐剂的协同作用，不影响油品的高温抗氧化性能。
优选地，所述抗氧抗腐剂为二烷基二硫代磷酸锌盐，所述抗氧防胶剂为N,N-二仲丁基对苯二胺。现有技术的指示是抗氧防胶剂优选2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚，其具有较好的抗氧化性能，可有效延长诱导期，在100℃以下时，抗氧效果显著。但是其高温抗氧化性能不如N,N-二仲丁基对苯二胺，且与二烷基二硫代磷酸锌盐复配效果一般，所以选用N,N-二仲丁基对苯二胺。
优选地，所述二烷基二硫代磷酸锌盐与所述N,N-二仲丁基对苯二胺的质量比为(0.5-30):1，优选3:1～4:1。在这个质量比范围内，协同效果更优，油品高温抗氧化性能更好。
优选地，所述基础油为加氢基础油，优选二类基础油250N、三类基础油250N、或二类基础油150N和500N的混合物，更优选三类基础油250N。三类基础油250N具有很高的黏度指数和很低的挥发性，油品粘度受温度的影响小，粘温性能好。所述极压抗磨剂为多烷基苄硫化物。现有技术中的硫磷型极压抗磨剂或是含磷抗磨剂，氧化产物酸性较强，会加剧对机械零部件的酸腐蚀，因此优选多烷基苄硫化物。
优选地，液压传动两用油还包括降凝剂、防锈剂、油性剂、抗泡剂和破乳剂中的一种或多种。加入降凝剂不但使油品适用于更低的工作环境，而且降凝剂与抗氧剂发挥协同作用，能十分有效地阻止油品的高温氧化及活塞的腐蚀。其它添加剂能使油品相应地具备良好的防锈性、抗乳化性和水解安定性，能延长机械设备的使用寿命。
优选地，以重量份计，包括如下原料：基础油96-99份、抗氧剂0.6-4份、极压抗磨剂0.5-1.5份、降凝剂0.1-0.5份、防锈剂0.02-0.08份、油性剂0.03-0.3份、抗泡剂0.0001-0.01份和破乳剂0.002-0.05份，其中所述抗氧剂为抗氧抗腐剂和抗氧防胶剂的混合物。
优选地，以重量份计，包括如下原料：250N三类基础油96-97.5份、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌盐1-1.5份、N,N-二仲丁基对苯二胺0.3-0.5份、多烷基苄硫化物0.5-1.5份、十二烯基丁二酸0.07-0.08份、苯三唑脂肪酸铵盐0.1-0.2份、聚甲基丙烯酸酯0.1-0.5份、甲基硅油0.0001-0.0003份和胺与环氧化合物缩合物0.02-0.05份。通过特定含量的特定组分发挥协同作用，使油品的综合性能达到最佳。
优选地，以重量份计，包括如下原料：250N三类基础油97.5份、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌盐1份、N,N-二仲丁基对苯二胺0.3份、多烷基苄硫化物0.5份、十二烯基丁二酸0.07份、苯三唑脂肪酸铵盐0.1份、聚甲基丙烯酸酯0.5份、甲基硅油0.0001份和胺与环氧化合物缩合物0.02份。
本发明还提供了以上所述的液压传动两用油的制备方法，先加热所述基础油，控制温度在60℃-70℃，然后加入其余原料，气体脉冲调合至混合均匀。该制备方法简单，反应条件温和，成本低。
本发明相对于现有技术具有的有益效果：
本发明的液压传动两用油具有液压油和传动油的双重功效，具有优异的高温抗氧化性能，较高的粘度指数和较宽的使用温度范围，适用于大马力农用机械如拖拉机，以及各种工程及港口机械的液压系统和传动系统，且即使在恶劣的工作条件下也能正常工作；本发明的两用油具备良好的抗乳化性、防锈性、水解安定性和热稳定性，能延长机械设备的使用寿命。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
本实施例提供了一种液压传动两用油，以重量份计，包括如下原料：250N三类基础油97份、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌盐(ZDDP)1.5份、N,N-二仲丁基对苯二胺(44PD)0.5份和多烷基苄硫化物(T324)1份。
本实施例还提供了上述液压传动两用油的制备方法：先向反应釜中加入250N三类基础油，加热至60℃，再加入其余原料，气体脉冲调合至混合均匀。
实施例2
本实施例提供了一种液压传动两用油，以重量份计，包括如下原料：250N三类基础油96份、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌盐(ZDDP)1.5份、N,N-二仲丁基对苯二胺(44PD)0.5份、十二烯基丁二酸(T746)0.08份、多烷基苄硫化物(T324)1.5份、苯三唑脂肪酸铵盐(T406)0.2份、聚甲基丙烯酸酯(T602HB)0.1份、甲基硅油(T901)0.0001份和胺与环氧化合物缩合物(T1001)0.05份，其制备方法同实施例1。
实施例3
本实施例提供了一种液压传动两用油，以重量份计，包括如下原料：250N三类基础油99份、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌盐(ZDDP)1.3份、N,N-二仲丁基对苯二胺(44PD)0.4份、十二烯基丁二酸(T746)0.07份、多烷基苄硫化物(T324)1份、苯三唑脂肪酸铵盐(T406)0.2份、聚甲基丙烯酸酯(T602HB)0.3份、甲基硅油(T901)0.001份和胺与环氧化合物缩合物(T1001)0.03份，其制备方法同实施例1。
实施例4
本实施例提供了一种液压传动两用油，以重量份计，包括如下原料：250N三类基础油97.5份、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌盐(ZDDP)1份、N,N-二仲丁基对苯二胺(44PD)0.3份、十二烯基丁二酸(T746)0.07份、多烷基苄硫化物(T324)0.5份、苯三唑脂肪酸铵盐(T406)0.1份、聚甲基丙烯酸酯(T602HB)0.5份、甲基硅油(T901)0.0001份和胺与环氧化合物缩合物(T1001)0.02份，其制备方法同实施例1。
对比例1
一种液压传动两用油，以重量份计，包括如下原料：250N三类基础油92份、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌盐(ZDDP)7份和多烷基苄硫化物(T324)1份，其制备方法同实施例1。
对比例2
一种液压传动两用油，以重量份计，包括如下原料：250N三类基础油95份、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌盐(ZDDP)2份、N,N-二仲丁基对苯二胺(44PD)1份、十二烯基丁二酸(T746)0.02份、多烷基苄硫化物(T324)0.5份、苯三唑脂肪酸铵盐(T406)0.1份、聚甲基丙烯酸酯(T602HB)0.3份、甲基硅油(T901)0.01份和胺与环氧化合物缩合物(T1001)0.02份，其制备方法同实施例1。
对比例3
其余与实施例4相同，不同的是将N,N-二仲丁基对苯二胺替换为2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚。
对比例4
其余与实施例4相同，不同的是将多烷基苄硫化物替换为硫代磷酸酯。
分析结果
对本发明实施例1-4及对比例1-4中的液压传动两用油进行技术指标分析，具体结果见表1。
表1产品技术指标分析结果
Figure BDA0001512714520000061
由上表可知，本发明产品质量满足国家标准JB/T 7282-2016中拖拉机液压传动两用油标准，并通过国内高压泵台架试验，即T5D叶片泵台架试验和Dension P46柱塞泵台架试验，油品质量达到了Dension HF-0规格要求。本发明产品具有优异的高温抗氧化性能，较高的粘度指数和较宽的使用温度范围，且具备良好的抗乳化性、防锈性、水解安定性和热稳定性。
最后，本发明的方法仅为较佳的实施方案，并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (3)

1.一种液压传动两用油，其特征在于，以重量份计，包括如下原料：250N三类基础油96-97.5份、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌盐1-1.5份、N,N-二仲丁基对苯二胺0.3-0.5份、多烷基苄硫化物0.5-1.5份、十二烯基丁二酸0.07-0.08份、苯三唑脂肪酸铵盐0.1-0.2份、聚甲基丙烯酸酯0.1-0.5份、甲基硅油0.0001-0.0003份和胺与环氧化合物缩合物0.02-0.05份，其中，二烷基二硫代磷酸锌盐与N,N-二仲丁基对苯二胺的质量比为3:1~4:1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种液压传动两用油，其特征在于，以重量份计，包括如下原料：250N三类基础油97.5份、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌盐1份、N,N-二仲丁基对苯二胺0.3份、多烷基苄硫化物0.5份、十二烯基丁二酸0.07份、苯三唑脂肪酸铵盐0.1份、聚甲基丙烯酸酯0.5份、甲基硅油0.0001份和胺与环氧化合物缩合物0.02份。
3.权利要求1或2所述的一种液压传动两用油的制备方法，其特征在于，先加热所述基础油，控制温度在60℃-70℃，然后加入其余原料，气体脉冲调合至混合均匀。
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