CN106433936A - 一种长寿命喷油回转式空气压缩机油组合物 - Google Patents

一种长寿命喷油回转式空气压缩机油组合物 Download PDF

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CN106433936A
CN106433936A CN201610841249.4A CN201610841249A CN106433936A CN 106433936 A CN106433936 A CN 106433936A CN 201610841249 A CN201610841249 A CN 201610841249A CN 106433936 A CN106433936 A CN 106433936A
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陈东
陈英
陈勇
潘莲莲
种盼盼
聂杰
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Zhejiang Ocean University ZJOU
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种长寿命喷油回转式空气压缩机油组合物,以质量百分数计算,各组分含量如下:

Description

一种长寿命喷油回转式空气压缩机油组合物
技术领域
本发明涉及一种长寿命喷油回转式空气压缩机油组合物,质量等级为L-DAH,是一种应用于螺杆式空气压缩机、喷油回转式空气压缩机或其他领域的润滑剂,属于润滑油领域。
背景技术
在GB/T 7631.9-2014《润滑剂、工业用油和有关产品(L类)的分类第9部分:D组(压缩机)》中,产品按照产品类型和(或)性能要求与典型应用分为DAG、DAH与DAJ三种质量等级,见表1,本发明的一种长寿命喷油回转式空气压缩机油组合物质量等级属于DAH。
表1 螺杆式空气压缩机油的质量等级、典型应用及操作条件情况
除了空气/润滑剂的温度不超过100℃的连续式或接近连续式操作外,螺杆式空气压缩机的工作循环工况苛刻,压缩机润滑处于高温,呈雾状且与空气、水及金属长期接触,要求油品具有良好的润滑性能、抗氧化性能及油水分离性能。对于螺杆式空气压缩机油而言,抗氧化是最重要的指标。
螺杆式空气压缩机油的最高使用温度受环境温度、负荷、冷却方式等因素影响,始终在一定范围内波动。目前主流螺杆式压缩机的工作温度大多在80℃~100℃之间,报警温度多设置为110℃。
目前市面销售的螺杆式空气压缩机油多为外国润滑油公司品牌及国内两大石油公司属下的润滑油品牌,如MOBIL、SHELL,中石化长城牌、中石油昆仑牌等,质量级别有DAG、DAH与DAJ。本发明的长寿命喷油回转式空气压缩机油在质量等级方面属于DAH。要求有较好的抗氧化性能、极压抗磨性能、油水分离性能等,可在环境较苛刻、负荷较高、使用温度较高的空气压缩机上使用较长时间,按照GB/T 7631.9-2014《润滑剂、工业用油和有关产品(L类)的分类第9部分:D组(压缩机)》,DAH标准要求为,2000h<换油周期≦4000h。
从目前公开发表的文章及已经申请空气压缩机油专利主要有:
(1)中国发明专利申请公开申请号为200510048003.3的喷油回转式空气压缩机油及制备方法,配方中使用了芳香胺型高温抗氧化剂,同时复合使用2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、磷酸三甲酚酯及苯三唑脂肪胺盐,其中磷酸酯添加剂作为油性剂使用。
(2)中国发明专利申请公开申请号为200510026494.1的一种合成空气压缩机油,发明的组分包括低残炭、可生物降解率较高的合成酯类为主的基础油、聚α烯烃、抗氧添加剂、极压抗磨剂、消泡剂、防锈剂、抗乳化剂或金属钝化剂,该发明以芳香酯/聚α烯烃油为基础油并使用芳香胺/酚型抗氧化剂体系。
(3)中国发明专利申请公开申请号为200710175271.0的压缩机油组合物,以加氢基础油,无灰分散剂、半受阻酚型抗氧化剂或胺型抗氧化添加剂和半受阻酚型抗氧化剂的组合,该发明抗氧化剂仍以芳香胺/酚型抗氧剂为主要特征。
(4)中国发明专利申请公开申请号为200910046629.9的一种复合合成空气压缩机油,包括二异(C8~C13)烷基直链二元酸酯15~20%,合成聚α烯烃5%~10%,二异烷基(C8~C13)邻苯二甲酸酯72%~74%.该发明仍以芳香酯、聚α烯烃为基础油并使用芳香胺、酚型抗氧化剂体系。
(5)中国发明专利申请公开申请号为201110456625.5的一种螺杆空气压缩机油组合物。以加氢油、PAO合成油及半合成油为基础油,使用高温抗氧化剂1%~5%、极压抗磨剂0.01%~5%,抗腐蚀剂0.01%~0.5%、防锈剂0.01%~0.5%,高温抗氧化剂使用三种类型的抗氧化剂复合的方式,具体由胺型抗氧化剂、酚型抗氧化剂和亚磷酸酯型抗氧化剂三者复合构成,比例为型抗氧化剂:酚型抗氧化剂:亚磷酸抗氧化添加剂重量比为20:30:50~50:30:20。
(6)中国发明专利申请公开申请号为201310127214.0的环境友好节能型重负荷螺杆压缩机油。以PAO与癸二酸二辛酯作为复合基础油90%~95%,加入复合极压抗磨添加剂1%~3%,复合抗氧防腐蚀剂0.5%~1.5%,复合抗泡沫剂0.002%~0.01%,复合防锈剂0.2%~0.6%;复合抗乳化剂0.05%~0.15%,复合金属清净剂2%~3%;复合无灰分散剂1%~2%。
(7)中国发明专利申请公开申请号为201410662014.X的螺杆压缩机油及制备方法。使用加氢基础油,采用硼酸酯抗氧化剂1%~5%;高温无灰抗磨剂0.01%~3%;苯三唑0.01%~0.5%;防锈剂0.01%~0.5%;降凝剂0.1%~2%。
从上述专利来看,配方都存在不合理之处,如使用金属清净剂及无灰分散剂,或者使用易水解的抗氧化剂,导致这种配伍下压缩机油组合物使用性能存在缺陷,如油水分离时间长(抗乳化性能差)、在油温温度较高、水与金属催化剂存在的情况下抗氧化性能变差,即使用寿命变短、部件磨损增加等的问题;或者没有指明所申请专利的质量等级等。因此有必要研发一种可在一定苛刻条件下使用的具有较长换油周期、有具体的使用范围的喷油回转式空气压缩机油,即一种长寿命喷油回转式空气压缩机油(DAH)组合物以满足不同的使用要求。
发明内容
本发明克服了现有配方技术中的缺陷,提出了一种具有较好的抗氧化性能、油水分离性能(抗乳化性能)、抗磨损性能、抗腐蚀性能的长寿命喷油回转式空气压缩机油组合物。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案来具体实现:
一种长寿命喷油回转式空气压缩机油组合物,以质量百分数计算,各组分含量如下:
各组分之和为100%,余量为基础油。
作为优选方案,上述的长寿命喷油回转式空气压缩机油组合物,以质量百分数计算,各组分含量如下:
优选的,所述基础油包括溶剂精制矿物基础油、加氢处理基础油(满足APIⅡ、Ⅲ)、烷基萘与聚α烯烃、多元醇酯类或聚醚中的一种或多种的组合。通过性能与经济性平衡的结果,优选为烷基萘与APIⅢ类加氢处理基础油组合物。
优选的,所述抗氧化添加剂组合物为胺型高温抗氧剂、酚型抗氧化剂和二正丁基二硫代氨基甲酸甲酯的组合;
优选的,所述胺型高温抗氧剂为C4/C8烷基取代二苯胺和苯基-α-萘胺混合物,进一步优选的,所述胺型高温抗氧剂占机油组合物的0.45%;
优选的,所述酚型抗氧化剂为3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酸C6~C8烷基酯或4,4-甲叉双(2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚);进一步优选的,所述酚型抗氧化剂为3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酸C6~C8烷基酯;进一步优选为3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酸2-乙基-己酯;进一步优选的,所述酚型抗氧化剂占机油组合物的0.55%;
优选的,所述二正丁基二硫代氨基甲酸甲酯占机油组合物的0.20%;
优选的,所述极压抗磨剂为磷酸三甲酚酯与二硫代磷酸酯的混合物或者正膦酸酯和二硫代磷酸酯的混合物,优选为磷酸三甲酚酯与二硫代磷酸酯的混合物。
优选的,所述金属钝化剂为N,N-二丁基氨基亚甲基苯三唑或N,N-二异辛基氨基亚甲基苯三唑;优选为N,N-二丁基氨基亚甲基苯三唑。
优选的,所述防锈剂为烯基丁二酸衍生物和/或N-油酰肌氨酸或磷酸辛酯十二胺盐;
优选的,所述防锈剂为烯基丁二酸衍生物,进一步优选的,所述烯基丁二酸衍生物选用十二烯基丁二酸、十二烯基丁二酸半酯或十七烯基咪唑烯基丁二酸盐中的一种或多种的混合;
进一步优选的,所述防锈剂为十七烯基咪唑烯基丁二酸盐与十二烯基丁二酸的混合物。
优选的,所述抗乳化剂为烷撑二胺四聚氧丙撑衍生物和环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷共聚物的混合物;
和/或,所述抗泡剂为丙烯酸与醚的共聚物和/或甲基硅油,优选的,所述抗泡剂为丙烯酸与醚的共聚物。
作为本发明最佳的技术方案,上述的长寿命喷油回转式空气压缩机油组合物,以质量百分数计算,各组分含量如下:
上述的长寿命喷油回转式空气压缩机油组合物的制备方法,准确称取基础油组合物,加热到50℃后(控制调合温度不得超过55℃),依次加入抗氧化添加剂、极压抗磨添加剂组合物、金属钝化剂、防锈添加剂组合物、抗乳化剂组合物搅拌60min~90min后,加入抗泡沫剂后继续搅拌30min。
本发明有益效果:
本发明提供的长寿命喷油回转式空气压缩机油组合物进行氧化特性试验(GB/T12581-2006),通过时间超过6500h;模拟强化氧化试验(旋转氧弹法,SH/T 0193-2008)通过时间超过1500min,且在实际使用过程中换油周期超过3000h。长寿命喷油回转式空气压缩机油组合物具有较好的抗氧化性能、油水分离性能(抗乳化性能)、抗磨损性能、抗腐蚀性能等。
具体实施方式
首先需要指出,本发明的实施例仅仅公开几个优选的实施方式,不应该理解成对本发明实施的限制,本发明的保护范围仍以权利要求书所公开的内容为准。
实施例1:32长寿命喷油回转式空气压缩机油组合物
在5000mL不锈钢桶,按以下配比进行(质量分数)称量2000g;功能添加剂准确到0.1g:
一、基础油组合物
(1)烷基萘 5%
(2)APIⅢ加氢基础油 余量
二、功能添加剂组合物
抗氧化添加剂组合物
胺型高温抗氧化添加剂组合物:
(1)C4/C8烷基取代二苯胺 0.20%
(2)苯基-α-萘胺 0.25%
酚型抗氧化添加剂:
3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酸2-乙基-己酯 0.55%
抗氧与抗磨多效添加剂:
二正丁基二硫代氨基甲酸甲酯 0.20%
极压抗磨添加剂组合物:
(1)磷酸三甲酚酯 0.20%
(2)二硫代磷酸酯 0.15%
金属钝化添加剂:
N,N-二丁基氨基亚甲基苯三唑 0.03%
防锈添加剂组合物:
(1)十七烯基咪唑烯基丁二酸盐 0.025%
(2)十二烯基丁二酸 0.015%
抗乳化添加剂组合物:
(1)烷撑二胺四聚氧丙撑衍生物 0.0009%
(2)环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷共聚物 0.0001%
抗泡沫添加剂:
丙烯酸与醚共聚物 0.001%
制备过程如下:
将准确称取烷基萘与APIⅢ加氢基础油,加入到容器中加热到50℃后(控制温度不得超过55℃),依次加入抗氧化添加剂组合物、极压抗磨添加剂组合物、金属钝化剂、防锈添加剂组合物、抗乳化添加剂组合物搅拌60min~90min后,加入抗泡沫添加剂后继续搅拌30min以上,分析数据见表2。
实施例2:32长寿命喷油回转式空气压缩机油组合物
在5000mL不锈钢桶,按以下配比进行(质量分数)称量2000g,功能添加剂准确到0.1g:
一、基础油组合物
(1)烷基萘 5%
(2)APIⅡ 20%
(3)溶剂精制润滑油基础油 余量二、功能添加剂组合物
抗氧化添加剂组合物
胺型高温抗氧化添加剂组合物:
(1)C4/C8烷基取代二苯胺 0.50%
(2)苯基-α-萘胺 0.40%
酚型抗氧化添加剂:
3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酸2-乙基-己酯 0.35%
抗氧化与抗磨多效添加剂:
二正丁基二硫代氨基甲酸甲酯 0.25%
极压抗磨添加剂组合物:
(1)磷酸三甲酚酯 0.30%
(2)二硫代磷酸酯 0.30%;
金属钝化添加剂:
N,N-二丁基氨基亚甲基苯三唑 0.06%
防锈添加剂组合物:
(1)十七烯基咪唑烯基丁二酸盐 0.02%
(2)十二烯基丁二酸 0.03%
抗乳化添加剂组合物:
(1)烷撑二胺四聚氧丙撑衍生物 0.0005%
(2)环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷共聚物 0.0002%
抗泡沫添加剂:
丙烯酸与醚共聚物 0.001%
制备过程如下:
将准确称取烷基萘、APIⅡ加氢基础油与溶剂精制润滑油基础油,加入到容器中加热到50℃后(控制温度不得超过55℃),依次加入抗氧化添加剂组合物、极压抗磨添加剂组合物、金属钝化剂、防锈添加剂组合物、抗乳化添加剂组合物搅拌60~90min后,加入抗泡沫添加剂后继续搅拌30min以上,分析数据见表2。
实施例3:32长寿命喷油回转式空气压缩机油组合物
在5000mL不锈钢桶,按以下配比进行(质量分数)称量2000g,功能添加剂准确到0.1g:
一、基础油组合物
(1)烷基萘 5%
(2)PAO 余量
二、功能添加剂组合物:
抗氧化添加剂组合物
胺型高温抗氧化添加剂:
(1)C4/C8烷基取代二苯胺 0.10%
(2)苯基-α-萘胺 0.10%
酚型抗氧化添加剂:
3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酸2-乙基-己酯 0.10%
抗氧与抗磨多效添加剂:
二正丁基二硫代氨基甲酸甲酯 0.10%
极压抗磨添加剂组合物:
(1)磷酸三甲酚酯 0.20%
(2)二硫代磷酸酯 0.20%;
金属钝化添加剂:
N,N-二丁基氨基亚甲基苯三唑 0.02%
防锈添加剂组合物:
(1)十七烯基咪唑烯基丁二酸盐 0.01%
(2)十二烯基丁二酸 0.005%
抗乳化添加剂组合物:
(1)烷撑二胺四聚氧丙撑衍生物 -
(2)环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷共聚物 -
抗泡添加剂:
丙烯酸与醚共聚物 0.0003%
过程如下:
将准确称取烷基萘与PAO,加入到容器中加热到50℃后(控制温度不得超过55℃),依次加入抗氧化添加剂组合物、极压抗磨添加剂组合物、金属钝化添加剂、防锈添加剂组合物、抗乳化添加剂组合物搅拌60min~90min后,加入抗泡沫添加剂后继续搅拌30min以上,分析数据见表2。
实施例4:32长寿命喷油回转式空气压缩机油组合物
在5000mL不锈钢桶,按以下配比进行(质量分数)称量2000g,功能添加剂准确到0.1g:
一、基础油组合物
(1)新戊基多元醇酯 5%
(2)聚醚 余量
二、功能添加剂组合物
抗氧化添加剂组合物
胺型高温抗氧化添加剂组合物:
(1)C4/C8烷基取代二苯胺 0.15%
(2)苯基-α-萘胺 0.15%
酚型抗氧化添加剂:
3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酸2-乙基-己酯 0.20%
抗氧与抗磨多效剂:
二正丁基二硫代氨基甲酸甲酯 0.10%
极压抗磨添加剂组合物:
(1)磷酸三甲酚酯 0.10%
(2)二硫代磷酸酯 0.10%;
金属钝化添加剂:
N,N-二丁基氨基亚甲基苯三唑 0.03%
防锈添加剂组合物:
(1)十七烯基咪唑烯基丁二酸盐 0.01%
(2)十二烯基丁二酸 0.02%
抗乳化添加剂组合物:
(1)烷撑二胺四聚氧丙撑衍生物 0.0004%
(2)环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷共聚物 0.0001%
抗泡沫添加剂
丙烯酸与醚共聚物 0.005%
过程如下:
将准确称取新戊基多元醇酯与聚醚基础油组合物,加入到容器中加热到50℃后(控制温度不得超过55℃),依次加入抗氧化添加剂组合物、极压抗磨添加剂组合物、金属钝化剂、防锈添加剂组合物、抗乳化添加剂组合物搅拌60~90min后,加入抗泡沫添加剂后继续搅拌30min,分析数据见表2。
表2 长寿命喷油回转式空气压缩机油检测数据
最后还应指出,任何单位和个人使用或实施本发明的技术方案都是对本发明的侵犯,任何单位和个人未经过本申请人的允许,都不能单独实施本专利。而任何单位和个人受到本发明的启发或经过简单调整而实施,也应认为是本专利的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种长寿命喷油回转式空气压缩机油组合物,其特征在于:以质量百分数计算,各组分含量如下:
各组分之和为100%,余量为基础油。
2.根据权利要求1所述的长寿命喷油回转式空气压缩机油组合物,其特征在于:以质量百分数计算,各组分含量如下:
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的长寿命喷油回转式空气压缩机油组合物,其特征在于:所述基础油包括溶剂精制矿物基础油、加氢处理基础油、烷基萘与聚α烯烃、多元醇酯类或聚醚中的一种或多种的组合,优选为烷基萘与APIⅢ类加氢处理基础油组合物。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的长寿命喷油回转式空气压缩机油组合物,其特征在于:所述抗氧化剂为胺型高温抗氧化添加剂、酚型抗氧化添加剂和二正丁基二硫代氨基甲酸甲酯的组合;
优选的,所述胺型高温抗氧化添加剂为C4/C8烷基取代二苯胺和苯基-α-萘胺混合物,进一步优选的,所述胺型高温抗氧化添加剂组合物占机油组合物的0.45%;
优选的,所述酚型抗氧化添加剂组合物为3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酸C6~C8烷基酯或4,4-甲叉双(2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚);进一步优选的,所述酚型抗氧化添加剂为3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酸C6~C8烷基酯;进一步优选为3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酸2-乙基-己酯;进一步优选的,所述酚型抗氧化添加剂组合物占机油组合物的0.35%;
优选的,所述二正丁基二硫代氨基甲酸甲酯占机油组合物的0.20%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的长寿命喷油回转式空气压缩机油组合物,其特征在于:所述极压抗磨添加剂组合物为磷酸三甲酚酯与二硫代磷酸酯的混合物或者正膦酸酯和二硫代磷酸酯的混合物,优选为磷酸三甲酚酯与二硫代磷酸酯的混合物。
6.根据权利要求1所述的长寿命喷油回转式空气压缩机油组合物,其特征在于:所述金属钝化添加剂为N,N-二丁基氨基亚甲基苯三唑或N,N-二异辛基氨基亚甲基苯三唑;优选为N,N-二丁基氨基亚甲基苯三唑,所占比例为0.03%。
7.根据权利要求1所述的长寿命喷油回转式空气压缩机油组合物,其特征在于:所述防锈添加剂为烯基丁二酸衍生物和/或N-油酰肌氨酸或磷酸辛酯十二胺盐;
优选的,所述防锈添加剂为烯基丁二酸衍生物,进一步优选的,所述烯基丁二酸衍生物选用十二烯基丁二酸、十二烯基丁二酸半酯或十七烯基咪唑烯基丁二酸盐中的一种或多种的混合构成的组合物;
进一步优选的,所述防锈添加剂为十七烯基咪唑烯基丁二酸盐与十二烯基丁二酸的混合而成的组合物。
8.根据权利要求1所述的长寿命喷油回转式空气压缩机油组合物,其特征在于:所述抗乳化剂为烷撑二胺四聚氧丙撑衍生物和环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷共聚物混合而成的组合物;
和/或,所述抗泡沫添加剂为丙烯酸与醚的共聚物和/或甲基硅油,优选的,所述抗泡沫添加剂为丙烯酸与醚的共聚物。
9.根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的长寿命喷油回转式空气压缩机油组合物,其特征在于:以质量百分数计算,各组分含量如下:
10.根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的长寿命喷油回转式空气压缩机油组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:准确称取基础油组合物,加热到50℃后,依次加入抗氧化添加剂组合物、极压抗磨添加剂组合物、金属钝化剂、防锈添加剂组合物剂、抗乳化添加剂搅拌60~90min后,加入抗泡沫添加剂后继续搅拌30min。
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