CN107929356B - 眼药水及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
眼药水及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107929356B CN107929356B CN201711455922.1A CN201711455922A CN107929356B CN 107929356 B CN107929356 B CN 107929356B CN 201711455922 A CN201711455922 A CN 201711455922A CN 107929356 B CN107929356 B CN 107929356B
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Abstract
本发明公开一种眼药水及其制备方法。以所述眼药水质量100%计,所述眼药水包括如下组分:人参浸提液4.5~6.0%;野菊花浸提液6.5~8.0%;羊蹄草浸提液5.0~6.5%;薄荷浸提液3.0~7%;硼砂15~20%;硼酸55~65%。该发明提供的眼药水眼为中药性质的眼药水,具有滋养视觉神经、减轻眼疲劳、消除眼睛干涩、提高视力的功效,从而达到修正假性近视的目的。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药技术领域,具体涉及一种眼药水及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
近视眼是正视眼的屈光系统处于静止状态,即解除调节作用后,眼的远点位于有限距离之内。换句话说,近视眼是由于先天或后天的因素而造成眼球前后径变长,平行光线进入眼内后在视网膜前形成焦点,引起视物模糊。而由于经常不正确的用眼,睫状肌持续收缩、痉挛,得不到应有的休息,晶状体也随之处于变厚的状态,平行光线进入眼内,经过变厚的晶状体屈折后,焦点落到了视网膜前面,看远处的东西自然就不清楚,此时形成的近视眼叫做假性近视。假性近视眼是在看远处物体时还有部分调节作用参加,从表面上看,假性近视也是看远模糊,看近清楚,但散瞳验光检查时又没有相应的屈光度改变。
如果是由于用眼不正确而引起的近视,由于眼球还没有变长,如果能够适当地休息和治疗,注意用眼卫生,合理使用眼睛,还有希望恢复正常视力,所以叫假性近视。如果在假性近视阶段不及时纠正和治疗,久而久之就会发展成真性近视。假性近视一般是由于长时间近距离工作,用眼姿势不良,伏在桌上、躺在床上或动荡不稳的车厢里看书;光线过强过弱等使眼睛睫状肌常常处于紧张、疲劳状态,造成视力减退常见于青少年学生在看近物时,由于使用调节的程度过强和持续时间太长,造成睫状肌的持续性收缩,引起调节紧张或凋节痉挛,因而在长时间读写后转为看远时,不能很快放松调节,而造成头晕,眼胀,视力下降等视力疲劳症状。这种由于眼的屈光力增强,使眼球处于近视状态,称为假性近视。假性近视和真性近视从症状上看都有视力疲劳、远视力不好而近视力好的特征。常见于青少年学生在看近物时,由于使用调节的程度过强和持续时间太长,造成睫状肌的持续性收缩,引起调节紧张或凋节痉挛,因而在长时间读写后转为看远时,不能很快放松调节,而造成头晕,眼胀,视力下降等视力疲劳症状。
现有治疗假性近视的药物一般为扩瞳药物或者解痉药物。其中,扩瞳药物一般是含有0.05%的阿托品或者2%的后马托的滴眼液;而解痉药物则是含有 0.25%托吡卡胺滴眼液。这些药物虽然有一定的疗效,但是,同时也会引起一些不良反应,并且停止用药后视力会慢慢下降。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种眼药水及其制备方法,以现有滴眼液存在的用药时会产生不良反应,并且停药后视力会下降等问题。
为了实现上述发明目的,本发明的技术方案如下:
一种眼药水,以所述眼药水质量100%计,所述眼药水包括如下组分:
以及,一种眼药水的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
按照重量份,称取用于制备浸提液的人参、野菊花、羊蹄草、薄荷的份数分别为180~220份、130~160份、90~110份、70~90份,同时称取硼砂380~420 份、硼酸1600~1850份;
将除所述硼砂、硼酸之外的其余所述药材加入90-100℃的水中进行至少一次热水浸提处理,待所述浸提处理结束,进行过滤收集,获得滤液;
对所述滤液进行再次加热95-100℃煮沸,收集上清液,对所述上清液进行浓缩处理,获得浓缩浸提液;
将所述浓缩浸提液与所述硼砂、硼酸进行混合处理,静置,收集上清液,对所述上清液进行过滤、灭菌处理,得到所述眼药水。
相对于现有技术:本发明提供的眼药水,为中药性质的眼药水,具有滋养视觉神经、减轻眼疲劳、消除眼睛干涩、提高视力的功效,从而达到修正假性近视的目的。
本发明眼药水的制备方法,采用中药药学工艺处理,可以有效获取方剂中药效成分,使得药物性能稳定、药效好。另外,本发明的方法简单,生产效率高,制备成本低。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
本发明提供一种眼药水,以所述眼药水质量100%计,所述眼药水包括如下组分:
具体地,上述人参的主要成分是人参皂甙、有机酸、酯类、维生素、甾醇等。可以调节中枢神经系统的兴奋过程和抑制过程,提高肌体的适应性等。在本发明中能够滋养视觉神经,使得视觉神经得到放松。在具体实施例中,该人参在制成眼药水后的含量为4.5~6.0%,其是以人参浸提液作为眼药水的成分,而在其制成配方之前,也就是原料成分一般加入180~220份。在中医领域中一般按克计,可选180克、185克、190克、195克、200克、205克、210克、215 克、220克等,优选200克。
上述野菊花的主要成分为白菊醇、白菊酮、dl-樟脑、β-3-蒈烯、桧烯及香草醇、野菊花内酯、密蒙花甙、木犀草素葡萄糖甙、菊红甙、菊黄质、环氧叶黄素、木犀草素、野菊花酮等。在本发明中能够降压舒缓视觉神经,使得视觉神经得到放松的作用,而且还能够抑制病原微生物的生长。在具体实施例中,该野菊花在制成眼药水后在眼药水中的含量为6.5~8.0%,其是以野菊花浸提液作为眼药水的成分,而在其制成配方之前,也就是原料成分一般加入130~160 份。在中医领域中一般按克计,可选130克、135克、140克、145克、150克、155克、160克等,优选150克。
上述羊蹄草含有克氏千里光碱、多榔菊碱、黄酮类、金丝桃甙、三叶豆甙、槲皮甙、芸香甙、槲皮素、熊果酸、西米杜鹃醇、β-谷甾醇、豆甾醇等。具有抑菌、杀菌等作用。在本发明中能够抑制以及杀灭金黄色葡萄球菌。在具体实施例中,该羊蹄草在制成眼药水后在眼药水中的含量为5.0~6.5%,其是以羊蹄草浸提液作为眼药水的成分,而在其制成配方之前,也就是原料成分一般加入 90~110份。在中医领域中一般按克计,可选90克、95克、100克、105克、110 克等,优选100克。
上述薄荷的主要成分为左旋薄荷醇、左旋薄荷酮、异薄荷酮、胡薄荷酮、乙酸癸酯、乙酸薄荷酯、苯甲酸甲酯、α-蒎烯、β-蒎烯、β-侧柏烯、3-戊醇(3-pentol), 2-已醇、3-辛醇、右旋月桂烯、柠檬烯等。具有抗病毒、镇痛、止痒、抗刺激等效果。在本发明中能够抑制眼药水中细菌的滋生,还能够延缓眼睛疲劳、降低眼睛肿胀等效果。在具体实施例中,该薄荷在制成眼药水后在眼药水中的含量为3.0~7.0%,其是以薄荷浸提液作为眼药水的成分,而在其制成配方之前,也就是原料成分一般加入70~90份。在中医领域中一般按克计,可选70克、75 克、80克、85克、90克等,优选80克。
硼砂在眼药水中起到杀菌的效果,而硼酸则作为酸碱调节剂、缓冲剂,同时还起到防腐的效果,使得本发明的眼药水可以长时间放置而不腐臭。
本发明提供的眼药水,为中药性质的眼药水,pH值在6.0~7.5区间,具有滋养视觉神经、减轻眼疲劳、消除眼睛干涩、提高视力的功效,从而达到修正假性近视的目的。
相应地,本发明实施例还提供上述眼药水的制备方法。
在一实施例中,该制备方法包括如下步骤:
S01:按照重量份,称取用于制备浸提液的人参180~220份、野菊花130~160 份、羊蹄草90~110份、薄荷70~90份,同时称取硼砂380~420份、硼酸1600~1850 份;
S02:将步骤S01中称取的除所述硼砂、硼酸之外的其余所述药材加入 90-100℃的水中进行至少一次热水浸提处理,待所述浸提处理结束,进行过滤收集,获得滤液;
S03:对步骤S02获得的滤液进行再次加热95-100℃煮沸,收集上清液,对所述上清液进行浓缩处理,获得浓缩浸提液;
S04:将所述浓缩浸提液与所述硼砂、硼酸进行混合处理,静置,收集上清液,对所述上清液进行过滤、灭菌处理,得到所述眼药水。
具体地,上述步骤S01中的药材应当确保干净、干燥,避免引入其他杂质成分。为了提高各组分浸提效果和达到相应的药效,该各药材优选先进行粉粹处理。
上述步骤S02中,浸提处理后,采用1000目及以上的筛网对浸提液进行过滤处理,初步筛除颗粒物杂质。可以将人参、野菊花、羊蹄草、薄荷分别进行浸提再将浸提液进行混合,而为减少处理工序,一般均是将人参、野菊花、羊蹄草、薄荷进行混合后再浸提。
上述步骤S03中,为了获得不易发生沉降的浓缩浸提液,在1500目的筛网中进行过滤。
上述步骤S04中,静置24h及以上,检测收集到的上清液的pH值,如果 pH值不在6.0~7.5之间,可以加入适量的硼酸或者适量的碱液,确保pH值在 6.0~7.5区间。
由于本发明提供的眼药水的制备方法制备的眼药水,具有清新、滋养视觉神经、减轻眼疲劳、消除眼睛干涩、提高视力的功效,因此可以用于假性近视的治疗中。
以下通过具体方剂和制备方法的实施例来说明上述眼药水制备方法做进一步说明。
实施例1
一种眼药水,以所述眼药水质量100%计,所述眼药水包括如下组分:
其制备方法如下:
S11:称取200克人参、150克野菊花、100克羊蹄草、80克薄荷,410克硼砂、1600克硼酸;
S12:将称取的除硼砂、硼酸外的所述药材进行粉碎处理,获得药材粉末,并将得到的药材粉末置于95℃的水中进行浸提处理,反复浸提3次,于1000 目筛网中进行过滤,获得滤液;
S13:将对步骤S12得到的滤液加热至100℃煮沸,冷却后收集上清液,对上清液进行浓缩处理,得到浓缩浸提液;
S14:将所述浓缩浸提液与所述硼砂、硼酸进行混合处理,静置,收集上清液,将所述上清液于1500目筛网中过滤,并将滤液进行灭菌处理,得到眼药水。
实施例2
一种眼药水,以所述眼药水质量100%计,所述眼药水包括如下组分:
其制备方法如下:
S11:称取200克人参、155克野菊花、110克羊蹄草、80克薄荷,400克硼砂、1700克硼酸;
S12:将称取的除硼砂、硼酸外的所述药材进行粉碎处理,获得药材粉末,并将得到的药材粉末置于95℃的水中进行浸提处理,反复浸提3次,于1000 目筛网中进行过滤,获得滤液;
S13:将对步骤S12得到的滤液加热至100℃煮沸,冷却后收集上清液,对上清液进行浓缩处理,得到浓缩浸提液;
S14:将所述浓缩浸提液与所述硼砂、硼酸进行混合处理,静置,收集上清液,将所述上清液于1500目筛网中过滤,并将滤液进行灭菌处理,得到眼药水。
实施例3
一种眼药水,以所述眼药水质量100%计,所述眼药水包括如下组分:
其制备方法如下:
S11:称取220克人参、150克野菊花、105克羊蹄草、80克薄荷,410克硼砂、1400克硼酸;
S12:将称取的除硼砂、硼酸外的所述药材进行粉碎处理,获得药材粉末,并将得到的药材粉末置于90℃的水中进行浸提处理,反复浸提3次,于1000 目筛网中进行过滤,获得滤液;
S13:将对步骤S12得到的滤液加热至98℃煮沸,冷却后收集上清液,对上清液进行浓缩处理,得到浓缩浸提液;
S14:将所述浓缩浸提液与所述硼砂、硼酸进行混合处理,静置,收集上清液,将所述上清液于1500目筛网中过滤,并将滤液进行灭菌处理,得到眼药水。
眼药水的临床试验研究
一.将上述实施例1-3制备的眼药水进行临床研究的结果如下:
1.1病例来源:某门诊医院2016年1至2017年1月眼科。
1.2病例选择标准
1.2.1诊断标准①症状:长时间阅读文章后,出现头晕、眼胀、看不清物品等症状,休息一段时间后有所延缓;②瞳孔持续性收缩,出现轻度或者重度的痉挛等;③长时间不看书或不看电脑时,症状有所减缓或者消失,考试或者阅读时,出现眼睛不舒服。
1.2.2纳入标准:所有符合诊断标准、有治疗需求的10-16岁男性患者、10-16 岁的女性患者皆为入选对象。
1.2.3排除标准:①年龄在10岁以下或16岁以上;②过敏体质或对本次试验药物过敏者;③排除其他急性疾病及心、脑、肝、肾和造血系统严重疾病者;④依从性差或有可能无法完成本研究全过程者;⑤有精神、神经障碍,不能表达自己意志者。
1.3研究方法
1.3.1随机化原则:入选120例患者,根据研究对象进入研究的时间顺序,采用区组随机化方法将受试者以30人为一组,每一区组内病例再随机分配到治疗组(G1~G3)、对照组1(G4),以避免研究时间过长而导致的非同期对照偏倚及两组间人数差异过大。
1.3.2治疗方法:
G1~G3组分别服用上述实施例1~3提供的眼药水,早中晚滴一次,每次2~3 滴,连用2个月。G4组用0.05%的阿托品滴眼液,早中晚滴一次,每次2~3滴,连用2个月。
1.4检测技术
所有研究对象疗程结束后立即进行疗效判定。
1.5脱落标准:受试者依从性差、发生严重不良事件、发生并发症或特殊生理变化不宜继续接受试验、不能按照规定完成研究全过程自行退出者可视为脱落。
1.6疗效判定标准:根据患者口述的结果将治疗效果分级量化,分4级评分: 0=无,1=轻,2=中,3=重,按中医证候疗效评定标准。疗效指数=(治疗前评分 -治疗后评分)/治疗前评分×100%。痊愈为临床症状和体征完全消失,0:疗效指数≥90%,患者口述无头晕、眼胀、看不清物品、瞳孔无痉挛等现象;有效为症状和体征明显减轻:1:90%>疗效指数≥60%,患者口述头晕、眼胀、看不清物品、瞳孔痉挛等现象明显减轻;好转为症状及体征减轻,2,患者口述头晕、眼胀、看不清物品、瞳孔痉挛等现象减轻:60%>疗效指数≥20%,患者口述头晕、眼胀、看不清物品、瞳孔痉挛等现象较治疗前有所减轻;无效为症状及体征无改变或加重,3:疗效指数<20%,患者口述基本无改善甚至更加严重。
2研究结果
共有150名患者接受临床研究,G1组1例、G3组1例、G4组3名患者因中途自行接受其他治疗而退出,其余115名均顺利完成研究,具体结果如表1 所示。
表1治疗组和对照组用药疗效比较
由上述表1的数据可知,本发明实施例眼药水在治疗青少年(10~16岁)假性近视上比0.05%阿托品滴眼液的治疗效果明显,而且停止用药1年后,本发明所提供的眼药水眼睛视力下降率低,也就是反弹少,相对疗效明显。因此,该本发明的眼药水的具有有效治疗假性近视的效果,而且反弹率低、不易产生耐药性。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种眼药水,其特征在于:以所述眼药水质量100%计,所述眼药水原料由如下组分制成:
人参浸提液 4.5~6.0%;
野菊花浸提液 6.5~8.0%;
羊蹄草浸提液 5.0~6.5%;
薄荷浸提液 3.0~7%;
硼砂 15~20%;
硼酸 55~65%。
2.如权利要求1所述的眼药水,其特征在于:以所述眼药水质量100%计,所述眼药水由如下组分制成:
人参浸提液 5.3%;
野菊花浸提液 7.5%;
羊蹄草浸提液 5.6%;
薄荷浸提液 5.0%;
硼砂 17%;
硼酸 59.6%。
3.如权利要求1或2任一项所述的眼药水,其特征在于:所述眼药水中人参浸提液、野菊花浸提液、羊蹄草浸提液、薄荷浸提液为将人参、野菊花、羊蹄草、薄荷组分分别采用热水浸提处理获得的浓缩液,或者将人参、野菊花、羊蹄草、薄荷组分混合后采用热水浸提处理获得的浓缩液。
4.如权利要求1或2任一项所述的眼药水,其特征在于:按照重量份,用于制备浸提液的所述人参180~220份、野菊花130~160份、羊蹄草90~110份、薄荷70~90份。
5.如权利要求1或2任一项所述的眼药水,其特征在于:按照重量份,用于制备浸提液的所述人参200份、野菊花150份、羊蹄草100份、薄荷80份。
6.如权利要求1或2任一项所述的眼药水,其特征在于:所述眼药水的pH值为6.0~7.5。
7.一种眼药水的制备方法,其特征在于:至少包括如下步骤:
按照权利要求1-2任一所述的眼药水中方剂药材的配伍称取各药材,同时称取硼砂380~420份、硼酸1600~1850份,将除所述硼砂、硼酸之外的其余所述药材加入90-100℃的水中进行至少一次热水浸提处理,待所述浸提处理结束,进行过滤收集,获得滤液;
对所述滤液进行再次加热95-100℃煮沸,收集上清液,对所述上清液进行浓缩处理,获得浓缩浸提液;
将所述浓缩浸提液与所述硼砂、硼酸进行混合处理,静置,收集上清液,对所述上清液进行过滤、灭菌处理,得到所述眼药水。
8.如权利要求7所述的眼药水的制备方法,其特征在于:所述浸提处理的温度为95℃,时间为2h。
9.如权利要求7所述的眼药水的制备方法,其特征在于:所述浸提液过滤处理以及所述上清液过滤处理采用1000目及以上的筛网。
10.如权利要求1~6任一项所述的眼药水或如权利要求7~9任一项所述的眼药水的制备方法制备的眼药水在制备假性近视修正药物中的应用。
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