CN107922335A - 六甲基二氢化茚 - Google Patents
六甲基二氢化茚 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107922335A CN107922335A CN201680046190.8A CN201680046190A CN107922335A CN 107922335 A CN107922335 A CN 107922335A CN 201680046190 A CN201680046190 A CN 201680046190A CN 107922335 A CN107922335 A CN 107922335A
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- aromatics
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- ZLAHFJJNOLRSNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,2,3,3,7-hexamethyl-1H-indene Chemical compound CC1c2c(cccc2C)C(C)(C)C1(C)C ZLAHFJJNOLRSNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 96
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 88
- -1 heteroaryl ammonia Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 31
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 29
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000005309 thioalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000005553 heteroaryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004475 heteroaralkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- XSXHWVKGUXMUQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Os]=O XSXHWVKGUXMUQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrimidine Chemical compound C1=CN=CN=C1 CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001769 aryl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005055 alkyl alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004986 diarylamino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 125000005241 heteroarylamino group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001126 phototherapy Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 74
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 63
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical class C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 18
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=CC3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,4-di(pentan-2-yl)phenoxy]acetyl chloride Chemical compound CCCC(C)C1=CC=C(OCC(Cl)=O)C(C(C)CCC)=C1 NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoranthrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=C22)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000004768 lowest unoccupied molecular orbital Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 8
- MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)(C)[O-] MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000004646 sulfenyl group Chemical group S(*)* 0.000 description 8
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazine Chemical compound C1=CN=CC=N1 KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical class COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 125000005605 benzo group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003851 azoles Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- WUNJCKOTXFSWBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indeno[2,1-a]carbazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2C=C3C4=NC5=CC=CC=C5C4=CC=C3C2=C1 WUNJCKOTXFSWBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VVVPGLRKXQSQSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolo[3,2-c]carbazole Chemical class C1=CC=CC2=NC3=C4C5=CC=CC=C5N=C4C=CC3=C21 VVVPGLRKXQSQSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- IUGYQRQAERSCNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pivalic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C(O)=O IUGYQRQAERSCNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 4
- XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoxaline Chemical compound N1=CC=NC2=CC=CC=C21 XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical group CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenazine Natural products C1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006887 Ullmann reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000005108 alkenylthio group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003760 hair shine Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
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- CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetralin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CCCCC2=C1 CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 150000003613 toluenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- TUQOTMZNTHZOKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylphosphine Chemical class CCCCP(CCCC)CCCC TUQOTMZNTHZOKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SLGBZMMZGDRARJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 SLGBZMMZGDRARJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N (2s)-2-[[4-[2-(2,4-diaminoquinazolin-6-yl)ethyl]benzoyl]amino]-4-methylidenepentanedioic acid Chemical compound C1=CC2=NC(N)=NC(N)=C2C=C1CCC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=C)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=CC2=C1 FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RICKKZXCGCSLIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[carboxymethyl-[[3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-4-yl]methyl]amino]ethyl-[[3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-4-yl]methyl]amino]acetic acid Chemical compound CC1=NC=C(CO)C(CN(CCN(CC(O)=O)CC=2C(=C(C)N=CC=2CO)O)CC(O)=O)=C1O RICKKZXCGCSLIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DXYYSGDWQCSKKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbenzothiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(C)=NC2=C1 DXYYSGDWQCSKKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7H-purine Chemical compound N1=CNC2=NC=NC2=C1 KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000006443 Buchwald-Hartwig cross coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- MSJMEQRRQOBTRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12.N1C=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12.N1C=CC=CC=C1 MSJMEQRRQOBTRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PCLIMKBDDGJMGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-bromosuccinimide Chemical compound BrN1C(=O)CCC1=O PCLIMKBDDGJMGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiazole Chemical class C1=CSC=N1 FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzothiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=NC2=C1 IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XSIFPSYPOVKYCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl benzoate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XSIFPSYPOVKYCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cumene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004913 cyclooctene Substances 0.000 description 2
- GCUVBACNBHGZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopenta-1,3-diene cyclopenta-2,4-dien-1-yl(diphenyl)phosphane iron(2+) Chemical compound [Fe++].c1cc[cH-]c1.c1cc[c-](c1)P(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1 GCUVBACNBHGZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004826 dibenzofurans Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WMKGGPCROCCUDY-PHEQNACWSA-N dibenzylideneacetone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 WMKGGPCROCCUDY-PHEQNACWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl benzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960005544 indolocarbazole Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
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- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D209/56—Ring systems containing three or more rings
- C07D209/80—[b, c]- or [b, d]-condensed
- C07D209/94—[b, c]- or [b, d]-condensed containing carbocyclic rings other than six-membered
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D265/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D265/28—1,4-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-oxazines
- C07D265/34—1,4-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-oxazines condensed with carbocyclic rings
-
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D265/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D265/28—1,4-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-oxazines
- C07D265/34—1,4-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-oxazines condensed with carbocyclic rings
- C07D265/38—[b, e]-condensed with two six-membered rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D279/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom and one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D279/10—1,4-Thiazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-thiazines
- C07D279/14—1,4-Thiazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-thiazines condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D279/18—[b, e]-condensed with two six-membered rings
- C07D279/20—[b, e]-condensed with two six-membered rings with hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
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- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings
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- C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
- C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
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- C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D405/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D405/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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- C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D405/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing three or more hetero rings
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- C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D409/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
- C07D409/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings
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- C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D409/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
- C07D409/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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- C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D409/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing three or more hetero rings
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- C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
- C07D413/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
- C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D417/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings
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- C07D491/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00
- C07D491/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D491/04—Ortho-condensed systems
- C07D491/044—Ortho-condensed systems with only one oxygen atom as ring hetero atom in the oxygen-containing ring
- C07D491/048—Ortho-condensed systems with only one oxygen atom as ring hetero atom in the oxygen-containing ring the oxygen-containing ring being five-membered
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- C07D491/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D491/10—Spiro-condensed systems
- C07D491/107—Spiro-condensed systems with only one oxygen atom as ring hetero atom in the oxygen-containing ring
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- C07D498/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D498/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D498/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/631—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine
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Abstract
本发明特别涉及有机化合物,组合物,制剂和电子器件。
Description
本发明描述了咔唑衍生物,其特别是用作有机电致发光器件中的三重态基质材料。本发明还公开了根据本发明的化合物的制备方法和包含这些化合物的电子器件的制备方法。
其中采用有机半导体作为功能材料的有机电致发光器件(OLED)的结构例如描述在US 4539507、US 5151629、EP 0676461和WO98/27136中。所采用的发光材料通常是显示磷光而不是荧光的有机金属络合物。出于量子力学原因,使用有机金属化合物作为磷光发光体可使能量和功率效率显著增加。通常,在OLED中,特别是在显示三重态发光(磷光)的OLED中,例如在效率、工作电压和寿命方面仍需要改进。
磷光OLED的特性不仅取决于所使用的三重态发光体。特别地,所使用的其它材料,例如基质材料,在这里也是特别重要的。这些材料的改进因此也可导致OLED性能的显著改进。
根据现有技术,尤其使用吲哚并咔唑衍生物(例如根据WO2007/063754或WO 2008/056746)或茚并咔唑衍生物(例如根据WO2010/136109或WO 2011/000455),特别是被缺电子的杂芳族化合物如三嗪取代的那些,作为磷光发光体的基质材料。此外,双二苯并呋喃衍生物(例如根据EP 2301926)例如用作磷光发光体的基质材料。然而,在使用这些基质材料时仍然需要改进,特别是在器件的效率、寿命和工作电压方面仍然需要改进。
本发明的目的是提供适合用于荧光或特别是磷光OLED中的、特别是作为基质材料的化合物。特别地,本发明的目的是提供如下的基质材料,其也适用于绿色磷光OLED以及(如果需要的话)蓝色磷光OLED,并且其导致良好效率、长寿命和低工作电压。基质材料的特性特别对有机电致发光器件的寿命和效率具有显著影响。
令人惊讶的是,已经发现包含下式(1)化合物的电致发光器件与现有技术相比具有改进,特别是在用作磷光掺杂剂的基质材料时更是如此。
其中以下适用于所用的符号:
Y在每次出现时相同或不同并且选自C(R1)2、N(R1)、C(=O)、C(=S)、O或S,优选C(R1)2、N(R1);
X在每次出现时相同或不同,并且X包括CR1或N,其中优选的是X基团中的任一个由CR1表示;
R1在每次出现时相同或不同,并且R1包括H,D,F,Cl,Br,I,CHO,N(Ar1)2,C(=O)Ar1,P(=O)(Ar1)2,S(=O)Ar1,S(=O)2Ar1,CR2=CR2Ar1,CN,NO2,Si(R2)3,B(OR2)2,B(R2)2,B(N(R2)2)2,OSO2R2,具有1至40个C原子的直链的烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷氧基基团,或具有3至40个C原子的支链或环状的烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷氧基基团,所述基团中的每个可被一个或多个R2取代,其中一个或多个非相邻的亚甲基基团可被R2C=CR2、C≡C、Si(R2)2、Ge(R2)2、Sn(R2)2、C=O、C=S、C=Se、C=NR2、P(=O)(R2)、SO、SO2、NR2、O、S或C(=O)NR2代替,并且其中一个或多个氢原子可包括选自D、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2的取代,或具有5至60个芳族环原子的芳族或杂芳族环系,所述环系在每种情况下可被一个或多个基团R2取代,或具有5至40个芳族环原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基基团,所述基团任选被一个或多个基团R2取代,或具有5至40个芳族环原子的芳烷基或杂芳烷基基团,所述基团任选被一个或多个基团R2取代,或这些体系的组合;其中两个或更多个取代基R1与其所键合至的原子一起,或两个取代基R1与其所键合至的原子一起,也可彼此形成单环或多环的脂族或芳族环系;
R2在每次出现时相同或不同,并且R2包括H,D,F,Cl,Br,I,N(R3)2,CN,NO2,Si(R3)3,B(OR3)2,C(=O)R3,P(=O)(R3)2,S(=O)R3,S(=O)2R3,OSO2R3,具有1至40个C原子的直链的烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷氧基基团,或具有2至40个C原子的直链的烯基或炔基,或具有3至40个C原子的支链或环状的烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷基烷氧基或硫代烷氧基基团,所述基团中的每个任选被一个或多个基团R3取代,其中一个或多个非相邻的CH2基团任选被R3C=CR3、C≡C、Si(R3)2、Ge(R3)2、Sn(R3)2、C=O、C=S、C=Se、C=NR3、P(=O)(R3)、SO、SO2、NR3、O、S或CONR3代替,并且其中一个或多个H原子任选被D、F、Cl、Br、I、CN或NO2代替,或具有5至60个芳族环原子的芳族或杂芳族环系,所述环系在每种情况下可被一个或多个基团R3取代,或具有5至60个芳族环原子的芳氧基、芳烷氧基或杂芳氧基基团,所述基团任选被一个或多个基团R3取代,或具有10至40个芳族环原子的二芳基氨基基团、二杂芳基氨基基团或芳基杂芳基氨基基团,所述基团任选被一个或多个基团R3取代,或这些基团中的两个或更多个的组合,其中两个或更多个取代基R2也可彼此形成单环或多环的脂族或芳族环系,其中优选两个或更多个孪位(geminal)和连位(vicinal)的取代基R2形成单个的单环或多环的脂族或芳族环系;
R3在每次出现时相同或不同,并且R3包括H,D,F,或具有1至20个C原子的脂族、芳族和/或杂芳族的烃基团,其中一个或多个H原子可被F取代,其中两个或更多个取代基R3也可彼此形成单环或多环的脂族或芳族环系,其中优选孪位和连位的取代基R3不形成单个的单环或多环的脂族或芳族环系;
R4在每次出现时相同或不同,并且R4包括Ar1,含有C1-C40烷基、C1-C40不饱和基团、C3-C40环状烷基或C3-C40不饱和环状基团的第一部分,所述部分还包含R2,其中一个或多个亚甲基基团,优选非连位的亚甲基基团,可包括选自R2C=CR2、C≡C、Si(R2)2、Ge(R2)2、Sn(R2)2、C=O、C=S、C=Se、C=NR2、P(=O)(R2)、SO、SO2、NR2、O或C(=O)NR2的取代,其中一个或多个氢原子可包括选自D、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2或Ar1的取代;
Ar1在每次出现时相同或不同,并且Ar1包括芳族环、芳族环系、杂芳族环、杂芳族环系或芳族杂芳族环系,其中Ar1可包括一个或多个R3取代;
m是0、1或2,优选地m是1,非常优选地m是0;
n是0或1,优选0,其中n=0是指两个环经由共价单键彼此键合。
两个或更多个取代基也可成环的叙述在本发明的范围内应理解为所述两个取代基通过化学单键连接,如以下方案所示:
此外,上面的叙述还应该理解为,对于当所述两个取代基之一是氢时的情况,第二取代基与氢所键合至的原子形成单键,如以下方案所示:
根据本发明的芳基基团含有至少6个C原子;根据本发明的杂芳基基团含有至少2个C原子和至少一个杂原子,条件是C原子和杂原子的总和为至少5。所述杂原子优选选自N、O和/或S。这里芳基基团或杂芳基基团被认为是指简单的芳族环即苯,或简单的杂芳族环例如吡啶、嘧啶、噻吩等,或稠合(缩合)的芳基或杂芳基基团例如萘、蒽、芘、喹啉、异喹啉等。
在本发明意义上芳族环系在环系中含有6至60个C原子。在本发明意义上杂芳族环系含有5至60个芳族环原子,其中的至少一个是杂原子。所述杂原子优选选自N、O和/或S。在本发明意义上芳族或杂芳族环系旨在被认为是指如下体系,其不必仅含有芳基或杂芳基基团,而是其中多个芳基或杂芳基基团还可通过非芳族单元(优选小于非H原子的10%)连接,所述非芳族单元例如是sp3杂化的C、Si、N或O原子,sp2杂化的C或N,或者sp杂化的C原子。因此,例如,和其中两个或更多个芳基基团例如通过环状的烷基基团、烯基或炔基或通过甲硅烷基基团连接的体系一样,诸如9,9'-螺二芴、9,9-二芳基芴、三芳基胺、二芳基醚、茋等的体系同样旨在被认为是在本发明意义上的芳族环系。此外,通过单键彼此连接的环系,例如联苯、三联苯或二苯基三嗪,被称为本申请意义上的芳族和杂芳族环系。
在每种情况下还可被上述取代基取代并且可经由任何希望的位置连接在芳族或杂芳族基团上的具有5-60个芳族环原子的芳族或杂芳族环系,特别被认为是指来自如下物质的基团:苯、萘、蒽、苯并蒽、菲、苯并菲、芘、苝、荧蒽、并四苯、并五苯、苯并芘、联苯、偶苯、三联苯、三聚苯、苯并菲、四联苯、芴、螺二芴、二氢菲、二氢芘、四氢芘、顺式或反式茚并芴、三聚茚、异三聚茚、螺三聚茚、螺异三聚茚、呋喃、苯并呋喃、异苯并呋喃、二苯并呋喃、噻吩、苯并噻吩、异苯并噻吩、二苯并噻吩、吡咯、吲哚、异吲哚、咔唑、吲哚并咔唑、茚并咔唑、吡啶、喹啉、异喹啉、吖啶、菲啶、苯并-5,6-喹啉、苯并-6,7-喹啉、苯并-7,8-喹啉、吩噻嗪、吩嗪、吡唑、吲唑、咪唑、苯并咪唑、萘并咪唑、菲并咪唑、吡啶并咪唑、吡嗪并咪唑、喹喔啉并咪唑、唑、苯并唑、萘并唑、蒽并唑、菲并唑、异唑、1,2-噻唑、1,3-噻唑、苯并噻唑、哒嗪、苯并哒嗪、嘧啶、苯并嘧啶、喹喔啉、1,5-二氮杂蒽、2,7-二氮杂芘、2,3-二氮杂芘、1,6-二氮杂芘、1,8-二氮杂芘、4,5-二氮杂芘、4,5,9,10-四氮杂苝、吡嗪、吩嗪、吩嗪、吩噻嗪、荧红环、萘啶、氮杂咔唑、苯并咔啉、菲咯啉、1,2,3-三唑、1,2,4-三唑、苯并三唑、1,2,3-二唑、1,2,4-二唑、1,2,5-二唑、1,3,4-二唑、1,2,3-噻二唑、1,2,4-噻二唑、1,2,5-噻二唑、1,3,4-噻二唑、1,3,5-三嗪、1,2,4-三嗪、1,2,3-三嗪、四唑、1,2,4,5-四嗪、1,2,3,4-四嗪、1,2,3,5-四嗪、嘌呤、蝶啶、吲哚嗪和苯并噻二唑,或来自这些体系的组合的基团。
出于本发明的目的,其中单独的H原子或CH2基团还可被上述取代基取代的具有1至40个C原子的直链的脂族烷基基团,具有3至40个C原子的支链或环状的脂族烷基基团,具有2至40个C原子的烯基基团或炔基基团,优选被认为是指如下的基团:甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、2-甲基丁基、正戊基、仲戊基、环戊基、新戊基、正己基、环己基、新己基、正庚基、环庚基、正辛基、环辛基、2-乙基己基、三氟甲基、五氟乙基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、乙烯基、丙烯基、丁烯基、戊烯基、环戊烯基、己烯基、环己烯基、庚烯基、环庚烯基、辛烯基、环辛烯基、乙炔基、丙炔基、丁炔基、戊炔基、己炔基、庚炔基或辛炔基。具有1至40个C原子的烷氧基或硫代烷基基团优选被认为是指甲氧基、三氟甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、异丁氧基、仲丁氧基、叔丁氧基、正戊氧基、仲戊氧基、2-甲基丁氧基、正己氧基、环己氧基、正庚氧基、环庚氧基、正辛氧基、环辛氧基、2-乙基己氧基、五氟乙氧基或2,2,2-三氟乙氧基、甲硫基、乙硫基、正丙硫基、异丙硫基、正丁硫基、异丁硫基、仲丁硫基、叔丁硫基、正戊硫基、仲戊硫基、正己硫基、环己硫基、正庚硫基、环庚硫基、正辛硫基、环辛硫基、2-乙基己硫基、三氟甲硫基、五氟乙硫基、2,2,2-三氟乙硫基、乙烯硫基、丙烯硫基、丁烯硫基、戊烯硫基、环戊烯硫基、己烯硫基、环己烯硫基、庚烯硫基、环庚烯硫基、辛烯硫基、环辛烯硫基、乙炔硫基、丙炔硫基、丁炔硫基、戊炔硫基、己炔硫基、庚炔硫基或辛炔硫基。
在本发明意义上的缺电子杂芳基基团定义为具有至少两个杂原子的5元环杂芳基基团,例如咪唑、唑、二唑等,或者具有至少一个杂原子的6元环杂芳基基团,例如吡啶、嘧啶、吡嗪、三嗪等。其它6元环芳基或6元环杂芳基基团也可稠合在这些基团上,例如在苯并咪唑或喹啉中的那样。
在一个实施方式中,上述化合物选自下式(1a)、(1b)或(1c)之一:
其中符号R1、R4、X和Y包括如上所述的基团并且m是0、1或2,优选地m是0或1,非常优选地m是0。
在另一个优选的实施方式中,上述式(1)化合物选自下式(2a)、(2b)或(2c)之一:
其中符号R4和X包括如上所述的基团。
在另一个优选的实施方式中,上述式(1)化合物选自下式(3a)、(3b)和(3c)之一,其中式(3a)和(3b)的化合物是特别优选的。特别优选的是如下的式(3a)、(3b)和(3c)的化合物,优选式(3a)和(3b)的化合物,其中R1等于H。
优选的是根据下式(4)的化合物
在一个特别优选的实施方式中,上述式(1)化合物选自下式(4a)、(4b)和(4c)之一,其中式(4a)和(4b)的化合物是特别优选的。
在另一个优选的实施方式中,上述式(1)化合物选自下式(5)之一。
其中用#标记的两个连位芳族碳原子键合到用*标记的下列基团(5-1)的碳原子和氮原子上。通过基团(5-1)与式(5)的连接,构成另外的五元环。
特别优选的是下式(5a)至(5r)之一。
而式(5g)、(5h)、(5j)和(5k)的化合物是特别优选的,式(5g)、(5h)和(5k)的化合物是非常特别优选的,式(5h)和(5k)的化合物是甚至更优选的。
在另一个优选的实施方式中,上述式(1)化合物选自下式(6a)至(6d)之一。
而式(6a)、(6b)和(6d)的化合物是特别优选的。
在另一个优选的实施方式中,上述式(1)化合物选自下式(7)之一。
其中用#标记的两个连位芳族碳原子键合到用*标记的下列基团(7-1)的碳原子上。通过基团(7-1)与式(7)的连接,构成另外的五元环。
特别优选的是下式(7a)至(7r)之一。
而式(7a)、(7b)、(7d)、(7e)、(7g)、(7h)、(7l)、(7k)、(7m)、(7n)、(7p)和(7q)的化合物是特别优选的。
在另一个优选的实施方式中,上述式(1)化合物选自下式(8a)至(8l)之一。
在另一个优选的实施方式中,上述式(1)化合物选自下式(9a)至(9r)之一。
其中用#标记的两个连位芳族碳原子与用*标记的基团(9-1)的碳原子或者基团(5-1)的碳和氮原子键合。
例如,有6种可能性来连接式(9a)和式(9-1)。下式示出这6种可能性之一。
在另一个优选的实施方式中,上述式(1)化合物选自下式(10)之一。
其中用#标记的两个连位芳族碳原子与用*标记的下列基团(10-1)的碳原子和氧原子键合。通过基团(10-1)与式(10)的连接,构成另外的五元环。
在另一个优选的实施方式中,上述式(1)化合物选自下式(10a)至(10l)之一。
在另一个优选的实施方式中,上述式(1)化合物选自下式(11)之一。
其中用#标记的两个连位芳族碳原子与用*标记的下列基团(11-1)的碳原子和氧原子键合。通过基团(11-1)与式(11)的连接,构成另外的六元环。
在另一个优选的实施方式中,上述式(1)化合物选自下式(11a)至(11r)之一。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,与氮原子键合的基团R4代表具有5至60个芳族环原子、优选具有6至24个芳族环原子的芳族或杂芳族环系,所述芳族或杂芳族环系也可被一个或多个R2取代。
在另一个实施方式中,R4选自苯基-、联苯基-、三联苯基-、四联苯基-、吡啶基-、嘧啶基-、吡嗪基-、哒嗪基-、三嗪基-、二芳基氨基苯基-、二芳基氨基联苯基-、芴基-、螺二芴基-、咔唑基-、茚并咔唑基-、吲哚并咔唑基-、二苯并噻吩基-或二苯并呋喃基基团,所述基团可被一个或多个在每次出现时可相同或不同的R2取代。
在另一个优选的实施方式中,R4选自苯基-、联苯基-、三联苯基-、四联苯基-、吡啶基-、嘧啶基-、吡嗪基-、哒嗪基-、三嗪基-、二芳基氨基苯基-或二芳基氨基联苯基基团,所述基团可被一个或多个在每次出现时可相同或不同的R2取代。
在另一个实施方式中,R4包含下列基团之一:
其中
R5在每次出现时相同或不同,并且R5包括H,D,F,Cl,Br,I,CHO,N(Ar2)2,C(=O)Ar2,P(=O)(Ar2)2,S(=O)Ar2,S(=O)2Ar2,CR6=CR6Ar2,CN,NO2,Si(R6)3,B(OR6)2,B(R6)2,B(N(R6)2)2,OSO2R6,具有1至40个C原子的直链的烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷氧基基团,或具有3至40个C原子的支链或环状的烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷氧基基团,所述基团中的每个可被一个或多个R6取代,其中一个或多个非相邻的亚甲基基团可被R6C=CR6、C≡C、Si(R6)2、Ge(R6)2、Sn(R6)2、C=O、C=S、C=Se、C=NR6、P(=O)(R6)、SO、SO2、NR6、O、S或C(=O)NR6代替,并且其中一个或多个氢原子可包括选自D、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2的取代,或具有5至60个芳族环原子的芳族或杂芳族环系,所述环系在每种情况下可被一个或多个基团R6取代,或具有5至40个芳族环原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基基团,所述基团任选被一个或多个基团R6取代,或具有5至40个芳族环原子的芳烷基或杂芳烷基基团,所述基团任选被一个或多个基团R6取代,或这些体系的组合;其中两个或更多个取代基R5与其所键合至的原子一起,或两个取代基R5与其所键合至的原子一起,也可彼此单环或多环的脂族或芳族环系;
R6在每次出现时相同或不同,并且R6包括H,D,F,或具有1至20个C原子的脂族、芳族和/或杂芳族的烃基团,其中一个或多个H原子可被F取代,其中两个或更多个取代基R6也可彼此形成单环或多环的脂族或芳族环系,其中优选地孪位和连位的取代基R6不形成单个的单环或多环的脂族或芳族环系;
Ar2在每次出现时相同或不同,并且Ar2包括芳族环、芳族环系、杂芳族环、杂芳族环系或芳族杂芳族环系,其中Ar2可包括5至40个环原子,其中Ar2包括一个或多个R6取代;
p是0、1、2、3、4或5。
特别优选的是如下的上述化合物,其中R4是苯基基团,所述苯基基团可未被取代或可被一个或多个如上所述的R5取代。
根据本发明的化合物的实例是下列结构。
根据本发明的化合物可通过本领域普通技术人员已知的合成步骤制备,该合成步骤例如是溴化、Suzuki偶联、Ullmann偶联、Hartwig-Buchwald偶联等。上述式之一的单元优选通过Suzuki偶联、Ullmann偶联或Hartwig-Buchwald偶联被引入到茚并咔唑基本结构或在桥连基中具有O或S的相应衍生物上。
本发明还涉及一种制备根据本发明的化合物的方法,其特征在于通过Suzuki偶联、Ullmann偶联或通过Hartwig-Buchwald偶联引入式(1)的基团。
本发明还涉及包含至少一种根据本发明的化合物和至少一种另外的化合物的混合物。如果使用根据本发明的化合物作为基质材料,则所述另外的化合物可以是例如荧光或磷光掺杂剂,特别是磷光掺杂剂。下文结合有机电致发光器件提及合适的掺杂剂,并且其对于根据本发明的混合物也是优选的。
为了从溶液或从液相处理,例如通过旋涂或通过印刷工艺进行处理,根据本发明的化合物或混合物的溶液或制剂是必要的。可优选的是使用两种或更多种溶剂的混合物。合适且优选的溶剂例如是甲苯,苯甲醚,邻二甲苯、间二甲苯或对二甲苯,苯甲酸甲酯,二甲基苯甲醚,均三甲基苯,萘满,邻二甲氧基苯,THF,甲基-THF,THP,氯苯,二烷,苯氧基甲苯,特别是3-苯氧基甲苯,(-)-葑酮,1,2,3,5-四甲基苯,1,2,4,5-四甲基苯,1-甲基萘,2-甲基苯并噻唑,2-苯氧基乙醇,2-吡咯烷酮,3-甲基苯甲醚,4-甲基苯甲醚,3,4-二甲基苯甲醚,3,5-二甲基苯甲醚,苯乙酮,α-萜品醇,苯并噻唑,苯甲酸丁酯,异丙苯,环己醇,环己酮,环己基苯,十氢化萘,十二烷基苯,苯甲酸乙酯,二氢化茚,NMP,对甲基异丙基苯,苯乙醚,1,4-二异丙基苯,二苄醚,二乙二醇丁甲醚,三乙二醇二甲醚,二乙二醇单丁醚,三丙二醇二甲醚,四乙二醇二甲醚,2-异丙基萘,戊苯,己苯,庚苯,辛苯,1,1-双(3,4-二甲基苯基)乙烷,或这些溶剂的混合物。
因此,本发明还涉及一种制剂,特别是溶液、悬浮液或细乳液,其包含至少一种根据本发明的化合物或混合物和一种或多种溶剂,特别是有机溶剂。可制备这种类型的溶液的方法是本领域普通技术人员所知的并且描述于例如WO 2002/072714、WO 2003/019694和其中引用的文献中。
根据本发明的化合物和混合物适用于电子器件中。这里的电子器件被认为是指包含至少一个包含至少一种有机化合物的层的器件。然而,这里的组件也可包含无机材料或者完全由无机材料构成的层。
本发明还包含根据本发明的化合物或混合物在电子器件中,特别是在有机电致发光器件中的用途。所述电子器件包含上述根据本发明的化合物或混合物中的至少一种。上述关于所述化合物所述的优选方式也适用于所述电子器件。
所述电子器件优选选自有机电致发光器件(OLED、PLED)、有机集成电路(O-IC)、有机场效应晶体管(O-FET)、有机薄膜晶体管(O-TFT)、有机发光晶体管(O-LET)、有机太阳能电池(O-SC)、有机染料敏化太阳能电池、有机光学检测器、有机光感受器、有机场猝熄器件(O-FQD)、发光电化学电池(LEC)、有机激光二极管(O-laser)和“有机等离子体发射器件”(D.M.Koller等,自然光子学(Nature Photonics),2008,1-4),优选有机电致发光器件(OLED、PLED),特别是磷光OLED。
根据本发明的化合物可用于电子器件的不同层中。例如,所述化合物可作为基质与荧光或磷光发光体一起,优选与磷光发光体一起用于发光层(EML)中。在一个实施方式中,所述EML包含另外的基质材料。在另一个实施方式中,所述EML包含另外的材料,其是宽带隙材料。
所述化合物可包含在电子传输层(ETL)中作为电子传输材料(ETM)。在一个实施方式中,所述ETL可包含另外的ETM。所述化合物可包含在空穴传输层(HTL)中作为空穴传输材料(HTM)。在一个实施方式中,所述HTL可包含另外的HTM。
在另一个实施方式中,所述化合物可用于空穴阻挡层(HBL)中作为空穴阻挡材料(HBM)。在一个实施方式中,所述HBL可包含另外的HBM。此外,所述化合物可用于电子阻挡层(EBL)中作为电子阻挡材料(EBM)。在一个实施方式中,所述EBL可包含另外的EBM。
所述有机电致发光器件包含阴极、阳极和至少一个发光层。除了这些层之外,它还可包含另外的层,例如在每种情况下的一个或多个空穴注入层、空穴传输层、空穴阻挡层、电子传输层、电子注入层、激子阻挡层、电子阻挡层和/或电荷产生层。具有例如激子阻挡功能的中间层,同样可被引入两个发光层之间。然而,应该指出,这些层中的每个都不一定必须都存在。这里的有机电致发光器件可包含一个发光层或多个发光层。如果存在多个发光层,则这些优选总共具有多个在380nm和750nm之间的发光峰值,总体上导致白色发光,即,将能够发荧光或发磷光的多种发光化合物用于该发光层中。特别优选的是具有三个发光层的体系,其中所述三个层显示蓝色、绿色和橙色或红色发光(关于基本结构,参见例如WO2005/011013)。这些可以是荧光或磷光发光层或者其中荧光和磷光发光层相互组合的混合体系。
根据上述实施方式的本发明化合物可在多种层中使用,这取决于确切结构。优选的是包含式(1)化合物作为用于荧光或磷光发光体、特别是磷光发光体的基质材料,和/或用于电子传输层中和/或用于电子阻挡或激子阻挡层中和/或用于空穴传输层中的有机电致发光器件,这取决于确切的取代。上述优选实施方式也适用于所述材料在有机电子器件中的用途。
在本发明的一个优选的实施方式中,所述式(1)化合物在发光层中用作荧光或磷光化合物、特别是磷光化合物的基质材料。这里的有机电致发光器件可包含一个发光层或多个发光层,其中至少一个发光层包含至少一种根据本发明的化合物作为基质材料。
如果所述式(1)化合物被用作发光层中的发光化合物的基质材料,则其优选与一种或多种磷光材料(三重态发光体)组合使用。本发明意义上的磷光是从自旋多重度>1的激发态发光,特别是从激发三重态发光。对于本申请的目的,所有发光的过渡金属络合物和发光的镧系元素络合物,特别是所有的铱、铂和铜的络合物,都被认为是磷光化合物。
基于包含发光体和基质材料的整个混合物计,包含式(1)化合物的混合物包含99重量%至1重量%、优选98重量%至10重量%、特别优选97重量%至60重量%、特别是95重量%至80重量%的式(1)化合物。相应地,基于包含发光体和基质材料的整个混合物计,所述混合物包含1重量%至99重量%、优选2重量%至90重量%、特别优选3重量%至40重量%、特别是5重量%至20重量%的发光体。
本发明的另一个优选的实施方式是式(1)化合物与至少一种另外的基质材料组合作为磷光发光体的基质材料的用途。可与式(1)化合物组合使用的特别合适的基质材料是芳族酮,芳族氧化膦或芳族亚砜或砜,例如根据WO 2004/013080、WO 2004/093207、WO2006/005627或WO2010/006680的,三芳基胺,咔唑衍生物,例如CBP(N,N-双咔唑基联苯)或公开在WO 2005/039246、US 2005/0069729、JP 2004/288381、EP1205527或WO 2008/086851中的咔唑衍生物,吲哚并咔唑衍生物,例如根据WO 2007/063754或WO 2008/056746的,茚并咔唑衍生物,例如根据WO 2010/136109和WO 2011/000455的,氮杂咔唑衍生物,例如根据EP1617710、EP 1617711、EP 1731584、JP 2005/347160的,双极性基质材料,例如根据WO2007/137725的,硅烷,例如根据WO2005/111172的,氮杂硼杂环戊二烯或硼酸酯,例如根据WO2006/117052的,三嗪衍生物,例如根据WO 2010/015306、WO2007/063754或WO 2008/056746的,锌络合物,例如根据EP 652273或WO 2009/062578的,二氮杂硅杂环戊二烯或四氮杂硅杂环戊二烯衍生物,例如根据WO 2010/054729的,二氮杂磷杂环戊二烯衍生物,例如根据WO 2010/054730的,桥连咔唑衍生物,例如根据US2009/0136779、WO 2010/050778、WO2011/042107、WO 2011/088877或根据未公布的申请EP 11003232.3的,苯并菲衍生物,例如根据WO2012/048781的,或内酰胺,例如根据WO 2011/116865或WO2011/137951的。
以比实际发光体更短的波长发光的其它磷光发光体也可作为共主体存在于混合物中。
合适的磷光化合物(=三重态发光体)特别是如下的化合物,其在适当激发时发光,优选在可见区发光,并且另外含有至少一种原子序数大于20、优选大于38且小于84、特别优选大于56且小于80的原子,特别是具有这种原子序数的金属。所使用的磷光发光体优选是含有铜、钼、钨、铼、钌、锇、铑、铱、钯、铂、银、金或铕的化合物,特别是含有铱或铂的化合物。对于本发明的目的,所有含有上述金属的发光化合物都被认为是磷光化合物。
申请WO 00/70655、WO 2001/41512、WO 2002/02714、WO2002/15645、EP 1191613、EP 1191612、EP 1191614、WO 05/033244、WO 05/019373、US 2005/0258742、WO 2009/146770、WO 2010/015307、WO 2010/031485、WO 2010/054731、WO 2010/054728、WO2010/086089、WO 2010/099852、WO 2010/102709、WO 2011/032626、WO 2011/066898、WO 2011/157339或WO 2012/007086公开了上述发光体的实例。一般地,根据现有技术用于磷光OLED的和在有机电致发光领域的普通技术人员所知的所有磷光络合物都是合适的,并且本领域普通技术人员将能够在未付出创造性劳动的情况下使用其它磷光络合物。
在本发明的另一个实施方式中,根据本发明的有机电致发光器件不包含单独的空穴注入层和/或空穴传输层和/或空穴阻挡层和/或电子传输层,即发光层与空穴注入层或阳极直接相邻,和/或发光层与电子传输层或电子注入层或阴极直接相邻,如在例如WO2005/053051中所述的。此外,可使用与发光层中的金属络合物相同或类似的金属络合物作为与发光层直接相邻的空穴传输或空穴注入材料,如在例如WO2009/030981中所述的。
此外,还可使用根据本发明的化合物作为功能材料,该功能材料选自空穴注入材料(HIM)、空穴传输材料(HTM)、空穴阻挡材料(HBM)、电子注入材料(EIM)、电子传输材料(ETM)、电子阻挡材料(EBM)、主体材料、基质材料、宽带隙材料、荧光发光体、磷光发光体、n型掺杂剂和p型掺杂剂。
所述功能材料优选是有机材料。在一个实施方式中,n型掺杂剂和p型掺杂剂可以是无机的和有机的,优选是有机的。在另一个实施方式中,所述宽带隙材料是例如在US 7,294,849中所述的材料。这些体系在电致发光器件中显示出有利的性能数据。
优选地,所述带隙材料由其带隙限定,该带隙应该大于3.5eV,非常优选大于3.7eV,特别优选大于3.9eV。
如本文所用的带隙由HOMO(最高占用分子轨道)和LUMO(最低未占分子轨道)能级之间的距离限定。因为HOMO和LUMO能级都强烈地依赖于用于测定的方法。使用不同的技术来确定HOMO和LUMO能量也将导致不同的带隙。为了确定化合物是否是宽带隙材料,使用特定的技术是至关重要的。
所示的能量值与这里所分离的化合物有关,并且如下所述确定。
所述材料的HOMO和LUMO能量以及三重态能级是通过量子化学计算来确定的。为此目的,这里使用“Gaussian09,修订版D.01”软件包(高斯公司)。然而,也可使用其它软件包,只要在其中实施了相同的方法即可。为了计算没有金属的有机物质,首先利用具有电荷0和多重度1的半经验方法AM1(高斯输入行“#AM1opt”)进行几何结构优化。然后,基于优化的几何结构,实施对于电子基态和三重态能级的能量计算(单点)。这里使用具有6-31G(d)基组的TDDFT(含时密度泛函理论)方法B3PW91(高斯输入行“#B3PW91/6-31G(d)td=(50-50,nstates=4)”)(电荷0,多重度1)。对于有机金属化合物,使用Hartree-Fock方法和LanL2MB基组(高斯输入行“#HF/LanL2MB opt”)(电荷0,多重度1)优化几何结构。如上所述与有机物质类似地实施能量计算,不同之处在于对于金属原子使用“LanL2DZ”基组,而对于配体使用“6-31G(d)”基组(高斯输入行“#B3PW91/gen pseudo=lanl2td=(50-50,nstates=4)”)。能量计算得到作为被两个电子占用的最后一个轨道的HOMO(αocc.特征值)和作为第一个未占用轨道的LUMO(αvirt.特征值),以哈特里为单位(HEh或LEh)。据此如下确定HOMO和LUMO值,其以电子伏特计,通过循环伏安法测量校准:
LUMO(eV)=(1.0658*LEh*27.212)-0.5049
HOMO(eV)=(0.8308*HEh*27.212)-1.1180
对于本申请的目的,这些值被认为是材料的HOMO或LUMO。
材料的三重态能级T1被定义为根据量子化学能量计算产生的具有最低能量的三重态的相对激发能量(以eV为单位)。
上述用于确定各能量值的条件和方法允许本领域普通技术人员以简单的方式从现有技术中鉴定合适的宽带隙材料。轨道能量的计算代表了本领域普通技术人员的常规活动,可借助上述方法在短时间内进行。
在根据本发明的有机电致发光器件的其余层中,可使用根据现有技术通常使用的所有材料。本领域普通技术人员可在未付出创造性劳动的情况下制备和制造已知用于有机电致发光器件的所有材料与根据本发明式(1)或根据优选实施方式的化合物组合。
此外优选的是一种如下的有机电致发光器件,其特征在于,借助于升华方法施加一个或多个层,其中在真空升华装置中,在小于10-5毫巴、优选小于10-6毫巴的初始压力下气相沉积所述材料。然而,所述初始压力也可更低或更高,例如小于10-7毫巴。
同样优选的是一种如下的有机电致发光器件,其特征在于通过OVPD(有机气相沉积)方法或借助于载气升华来施加一个或多个层,其中在105毫巴至1巴的压力下施加所述材料。这种方法的特别例子是OVJP(有机蒸气喷印)方法,其中所述材料通过喷嘴直接施加并且因此是结构化的(例如M.S.Arnold等,Appl.Phys.Lett.(应用物理快报)2008,92,053301)。
此外优选的是一种如下的有机电致发光器件,其特征在于从溶液中例如通过旋涂,或借助于任何希望的印刷方法例如喷墨印刷、LITI(光引发热成像,热转印)、丝网印刷、柔性版印刷、平版印刷或喷嘴印刷,来产生一个或多个层。对于这种目的,例如通过合适的取代获得的可溶性化合物是必要的。这些方法也特别适用于低聚物、树枝状大分子和聚合物。
混合工艺也是可行的,其中例如从溶液施加一个或多个层并且通过气相沉积施加一个或多个另外的层。因此,例如可从溶液施加发光层并且通过气相沉积施加电子传输层。
这些方法对于本领域普通技术人员来说通常是已知的,并且可在未付出创造性劳动的情况下应用于包含根据本发明的化合物的有机电致发光器件。
根据本发明的化合物在用于有机电致发光器件中时相比于现有技术具有下列令人惊讶的优点中的一个或多个:
1.与根据现有技术的体系相比,相应器件的功率效率变得更高。
2.与根据现有技术的体系相比,相应器件的稳定性变得更高,特别是从显著更长的寿命中清楚地得出这点。
3.根据本发明的有机电致发光器件具有降低的工作电压。
4.如果将根据本发明的化合物用作磷光发光体的基质材料,则仅利用大约小于10体积%的低发光体浓度即可获得非常好的结果。
5.根据本发明的化合物具有非常好的热稳定性。
应理解,可对本发明的上述实施方式进行变化,而仍然落入本发明的范围内。除非另有说明,否则本说明书中公开的每个特征可被提供相同、等同或相似目的的替代特征代替。因此,除非另有说明,否则所公开的每个特征仅是一系列等同或类似特征的一个实例。
本说明书中公开的所有特征可以以任何组合来组合,其中这些特征和/或步骤中的至少一些是相互排斥的组合除外。特别地,本发明的优选方式适用于本发明的所有方面,并且可以以任何组合使用。同样,非必需组合中描述的特征可单独(不是组合)使用。
应理解,上述的许多特征,特别是优选实施方式的特征,本身具有创造性,而不仅仅是作为本发明实施方式的一部分。除了目前要求保护的任何发明之外或替代目前要求保护的任何发明,可为这些特征寻求独立保护。
如这里所公开的教导可被提炼出来,并且与所公开的其它实例相结合。
将在以下对示例性实施方式和附图描述的过程中清楚本发明的其它特征,所述示例性实施方式和附图是为了说明本发明而给出的,而不打算限制本发明。
现在通过以下实施例更详细地示例本发明,而不希望由此限制本发明。
实施例
实施例1
1,1,2,2,3,3-六甲基-1,2,3,9-四氢-9-氮杂-环戊二烯并[b]芴(4a)和1,1,2,2,3,3-六甲基-1,2,3,6-四氢-环戊二烯并[c]咔唑(5a)的合成
(2-氯-苯基)-(1,1,2,2,3,3-六甲基-二氢化茚-5-基)-胺(3a)的合成
在2L四颈烧瓶中,将51.5g(183mmol,1.0当量)的5-溴-2,3-二氢-1,1,2,2,3,3-六甲基-1H-茚[1562418-80-7]与25.0g(196mmol,1.07当量)2-氯苯胺和45.7g(476mmol,2.6当量)叔丁醇钠一起溶解在840ml无水甲苯中。将混合物脱气30分钟,然后加入411mg(1.83mmol,0.01当量)的乙酸钯(II)和1.01g(1.83mmol,0.01当量)1,1'-双(二苯基膦基)二茂铁。将反应物加热至100℃持续4小时。反应完成后,加入300ml水并且将混合物再搅拌30分钟。然后,分离水相并用水洗涤有机相3次。将合并的水层用甲苯萃取一次。将合并的有机层经硫酸钠干燥并且在真空中除去溶剂。获得54.0g(164mmol,90%)的呈褐色油状的所需仲胺3a。
1,1,2,2,3,3-六甲基-1,2,3,9-四氢-9-氮杂-环戊二烯并[b]芴(4a)和1,1,2,2,3,3-六甲基-1,2,3,6-四氢-环戊二烯并[c]咔唑(5a)的合成
向1L四颈烧瓶中装入54.0g(164mmol,1.0当量)的(2-氯-苯基)-(1,1,2,2,3,3-六甲基-二氢化茚-5-基)-胺3a、56.7g(410mmol,2.5当量)碳酸钾和650ml 1-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮。将混合物脱气30分钟后,加入5.03g(49.2mmol,0.30当量)特戊酸、736mg(3.3mmol,0.02当量)乙酸钯(II)和6.6ml(6.6mmol,0.04当量)的1mol/l三叔丁基膦的甲苯溶液。反应在130℃下搅拌过夜,并且在反应完成后,在真空中除去溶剂和特戊酸,并且将剩余固体溶解在100ml甲苯中。溶液用150ml水洗涤3次并经硫酸钠干燥。蒸发溶剂后,通过从正庚烷中重结晶来分离异构体混合物。获得13.4g(45.9mmol,28%)的呈浅棕色晶体状的异构体4a,并且在蒸发溶剂后获得29.1g(100mmol,61%)的异构体5a。
1,1,2,2,3,3-六甲基-5-(2-硝基-苯基)-二氢化茚(8a)的合成
将50.0g(152mmol,1.0当量)2-(1,1,2,2,3,3-六甲基-二氢化茚-5-基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-[1,3,2]二氧杂硼戊环和32.3g(160mmol,1.05当量)1-溴-2-硝基苯与32.3g(305mmol,2.0当量)碳酸钠一起溶解在400ml甲苯、400ml 1,4-二烷和200ml水中。脱气30分钟后,加入1.76g(1.52mmol,0.01当量)四(三苯基膦)钯(0)并且将混合物在回流下搅拌过夜。然后,分离各相并用甲苯萃取水相一次。将合并的有机层用饱和NaCl溶液洗涤并经硫酸钠干燥。从正庚烷中结晶后,获得28.0g(86mmol,57%)呈轻微棕色晶体状的8a。蒸发剩余溶液直至更多产物沉淀,并且获得18.6g(57mmol,38%)的额外产物8a。
1,1,2,2,3,3-六甲基-1,2,3,9-四氢-9-氮杂-环戊二烯并[b]芴(4a)和1,1,2,2,3,3-六甲基-1,2,3,6-四氢-环戊二烯并[c]咔唑(5b)的合成
使40.5g(124mmol,1.0当量)8a与417mg(2.5mmol,0.02当量)乙酸钯(II)和2.40g(13mmol,0.11当量)1,10-菲咯啉在高压釜(140℃,最高7.6巴,35小时)中在500ml DMF中在2.8l一氧化碳存在下反应。反应完成后,将混合物在硅胶上用95:5庚烷/THF过滤并且在真空中蒸发溶剂。通过结晶分离异构体混合物。在两次结晶后获得14.3g(49mmol,40%)呈浅褐色晶体状的异构体4a,而在蒸发溶剂后获得19.7g(67mmol,55%)的异构体5a。
实施例2
6-溴-1,1,2,2,3,3-六甲基-1,2,3,9-四氢-9-氮杂-环戊二烯并[b]芴(9a)的合成
将15.1g(51.8mmol,1.0当量)咔唑4a溶解在400ml THF中并在乙醇/冰浴中冷却。然后,在0-5℃下随后加入9.51g(53.4g,1.03当量)N-溴代琥珀酰亚胺。在该温度下搅拌一小时后,将反应物在室温下搅拌过夜。将混合物浓缩至约50ml并加入100ml水。过滤沉淀物并用水洗涤。获得18.9g(51.0mmol,99%)的浅棕色固体。
类似地,可获得下列化合物:
实施例3
7-(1,1,2,2,3,3-六甲基-1,2,3,9-四氢-9-氮杂-环戊二烯并[b]芴-6-基)-12,12-二甲基-10-苯基-10,12-二氢-10-氮杂-茚并[2,1-b]芴(11a)的合成
将13.0g(35.1mmol,1.0当量)的6-溴-1,1,2,2,3,3-六甲基-1,2,3,9-四氢-9-氮杂-环戊二烯并[b]芴9a、17.5g(36.2mmol,1.03当量)12,12-二甲基-10-苯基-7-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-[1,3,2]二氧杂硼戊环-2-基)-10,12-二氢-10-氮杂-茚并[2,1-b]芴[1379585-25-7]10a和18.6g(70.2mmol,2.0当量)磷酸钾溶解在200ml甲苯、200ml 1,4-二烷和100ml水中。将混合物脱气30分钟后,加入79mg(0.35mmol,0.01当量)乙酸钯(II)和427mg(1.40mmol,0.04当量)三(邻甲苯基)-膦。反应在回流下搅拌过夜并升温至室温。混合物经硅藻土过滤并用400ml甲苯稀释。分离水层,有机相用NaCl溶液洗涤三次并且合并的有机相经硫酸钠干燥。蒸发溶剂后,将残余物在60℃下在200ml正庚烷中搅拌30分钟。过滤后,获得21.3g(32.8mmol,93%)呈灰棕色固体状的产物11a。
类似地,可获得下列化合物:
实施例4
7-(1,1,2,2,3,3-六甲基-9-苯基-1,2,3,9-四氢-9-氮杂-环戊二烯并[b]芴-6-基)-12,12-二甲基-10-苯基-10,12-二氢-10-氮杂-茚并[2,1-b]芴(13a)的合成
将20.0g(30.8mmol,1.0当量)7-(1,1,2,2,3,3-六甲基-1,2,3,9-四氢-9-氮杂-环戊二烯并[b]芴-6-基)-12,12-二甲基-10-苯基-10,12-二氢-10-氮杂-茚并[2,1-b]芴11a、3.57ml(33.9mmol,1.10当量)溴苯和8.88g(92.5mmol,3.0当量)叔丁醇钠溶解在500ml无水甲苯中。脱气30分钟后,加入138mg(0.616mmol,0.02当量)乙酸钯(II)和1.23ml(1.23mmol,0.04当量)的三叔丁基膦溶液(1mol/l于甲苯中)。将反应物在回流下搅拌两天,冷却至室温并经硅藻土过滤。将滤液浓缩至约50ml并加入500ml庚烷。将混合物搅拌一小时并且将沉淀物过滤并干燥。获得18.6g(25.7mmol,83%)作为粗产物的灰色固体。所述产物通过利用庚烷/甲苯5:1热萃取并利用甲苯/乙腈重结晶三次来纯化。两次升华后,获得2.45g(3.38mmol,11%)的呈无色固体状的最终产物13a,纯度>99.9%(HPLC)。
类似地,可获得下列化合物:
实施例5
(6-溴-1,1,2,2,3,3-六甲基-二氢化茚-5-基)-(1,1,2,2,3,3-六甲基-二氢化茚-5-基)-胺(17a)的合成
(1,1,2,2,3,3-六甲基-二氢化茚-5-基)-氨基甲酸叔丁酯(14a)的合成
将50.0g(178mmol,1.0当量)5-溴-1,1,2,2,3,3-六甲基-二氢化茚5-溴-1,1,2,2,3,3-六甲基-二氢化茚1a、31.2g(267mmol,1.5当量)氨基甲酸叔丁酯和146g(356mmol,2.0当量)碳酸铯溶解在750ml叔丁醇中并脱气20分钟。然后,加入6.52g(7.12mmol,0.04当量)三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0)和4.38g(10.7mmol,0.04当量)S-Phos并且将混合物回流过夜。反应完成后,在真空中除去溶剂。获得52.0g(164mmol,92%)褐色油状物。
1,1,2,2,3,3-六甲基-二氢化茚-5-基胺(15a)的合成
将52.0g(164mmol,1.0当量)(1,1,2,2,3,3-六甲基-二氢化茚-5-基)-氨基甲酸叔丁酯14a溶解在500ml二氯甲烷中并用63.2ml(820mmol,5.0当量)三氟乙酸处理。将反应在室温下搅拌14小时,并且在反应完成后,蒸发溶剂,将粗产物再次溶解在乙酸乙酯中并用碳酸钠洗涤。溶液经硫酸钠干燥并且在真空中除去溶剂。获得31.7g(146mmol,89%)呈轻微褐色油状的所需产物15a。
(6-溴-1,1,2,2,3,3-六甲基-二氢化茚-5-基)-(1,1,2,2,3,3-六甲基-二氢化茚-5-基)-胺(17a)的合成
在2L四颈烧瓶中,将30.0g(138mmol,1.0当量)的1,1,2,2,3,3-六甲基-二氢化茚-5-基胺15a与53.3g(148mmol,1.07当量)5,6-二溴-2,3-二氢-1,1,2,2,3,3-六甲基-1H-茚[1541101-19-2]16a和35.5g(359mmol,2.6当量)叔丁醇钠一起溶解在600ml无水甲苯中。将混合物脱气30分钟,然后加入310mg(1.38mmol,0.01当量)的乙酸钯(II)和765mg(1.38mmol,0.01当量)1,1'-双(二苯基膦基)二茂铁。将反应物加热至100℃持续12小时。反应完成后,加入200ml水并且将混合物再搅拌45分钟。然后,分离水相并且将有机相用水洗涤3次。合并的水层用甲苯萃取一次。合并的有机层经硫酸钠干燥并且在真空中除去溶剂。获得43.2g(86.9mmol,63%)呈褐色油状的所需仲胺17a。
类似地,可获得下列化合物:
实施例6
化合物18a的合成
向1L四颈烧瓶中装入43.0g(86.6mmol,1.0当量)的17a、29.9g(217mmol,2.5当量)碳酸钾和500ml 1-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮。将混合物脱气25分钟后,加入2.65g(26.0mmol,0.30当量)特戊酸、389mg(1.73mmol,0.02当量)乙酸钯(II)和3.46ml(3.46mmol,0.04当量)的1mol/l三叔丁基膦的甲苯溶液。反应在130℃下搅拌过夜,并且在反应完成后,在真空中除去溶剂和特戊酸,并且将剩余固体溶解在50ml甲苯中。将溶液用75ml水洗涤3次并经硫酸钠干燥。蒸发溶剂后,通过从正庚烷/甲苯中结晶来纯化粗产物。获得23.7g(56.9mmol,66%)呈浅棕色晶体状的产物18a。
类似地,可获得下列化合物:
实施例7
化合物20a的合成
将25.0g(56.9mmol,1.00当量)7-溴-12,12-二甲基-10-苯基-10,12-二氢-10-氮杂-茚并[2,1-b]芴19a与23.7g(56.9mmol,1.00当量)的离析物18a和8.46g(85.3mmol,1.50当量)叔丁醇钠一起溶解在500ml无水甲苯中。将反应物脱气30分钟后,加入1.30g(1.42mmol,0.03当量)三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0)和2.84ml(2.84mmol,0.05当量)三叔丁基膦溶液。将混合物回流过夜,并且在反应完成后,在真空中浓缩溶液。将沉淀物过滤并用水和乙醇洗涤。通过用庚烷/甲苯3:1热萃取和利用甲苯/庚烷三次重结晶来纯化产物。两次升华后,获得19.8g(25.6mmol,45%)呈无色固体状的最终产物20a,纯度>99.9%(HPLC)。
类似地,可获得下列化合物:
实施例8
化合物22a的合成:
向1.73g(43.3mmol,1.2当量)60重量%氢化钠于50ml无水DMF中的悬浮液中缓慢加入含15.0g(36.1mmol,1.0当量)离析物20a的50ml无水DMF。反应完成后,向混合物中加入含9.66g(36.1mmol,1.0当量)的2-氯-4,6-二苯基-[1,3,5]三嗪的另外50ml甲苯。搅拌过夜后,逐滴加入100ml水,并且将沉淀物过滤,用水和乙醇洗涤并在真空中干燥。通过利用庚烷/甲苯1:1热萃取和利用甲苯/庚烷两次重结晶来纯化产物。两次升华后,获得7.30g(11.3mmol,31%)呈无色固体状的最终产物20a,纯度>99.9%(HPLC)。
类似地,可获得下列化合物:
实施例9
器件制备和表征
下列实施例V1至E13(参见表1和表2)示出各种OLED的数据。
实施例V1-E13的基底预处理:用20 nm PEDOT:PSS(聚(3,4-亚乙基二氧基噻吩):聚(苯乙烯磺酸酯),来自德国贺利氏贵金属公司(Heraeus Precious Metals GmbHGermany)的CLEVIOSTM P VP AI 4083,从水基溶液旋涂)涂布具有结构化ITO(50 nm,氧化铟锡)的玻璃板并形成在上面加工OLED的基底。
所述OLED基本上具有以下层结构:基底/空穴传输层(HTL)/任选的中间层(IL)/电子阻挡层(EBL)/发光层(EML)/任选的空穴阻挡层(HBL)/电子传输层(ETL)/任选的电子注入层(EIL)和最后的阴极。所述阴极由厚度为100nm的铝层形成。确切的层结构示于表1中。所述OLED制造所用的材料呈现于表3中。
在真空室中通过热气相沉积施加所有材料。此处发光层总是由至少一种基质材料(主体材料)和发光掺杂剂(发光体)组成,所述发光掺杂剂与所述一种或多种基质材料以特定体积比例通过共蒸发混合。此处表述例如IC1:M1:TEG1(55%:35%:10%)是指,材料IC1在所述层中以55%的体积比例存在,M1在所述层中以35%的比例存在,而TEG1在所述层中以10%的比例存在。类似地,所述电子传输层也可由两种材料的混合物组成。
通过标准方法表征所述OLED。为此目的,从呈现朗伯发射特征的电流/电压/亮度特征线(IUL特征线)测定电致发光谱、电流效率(CE1000,在1000cd/m2下以cd/A计量)、发光效率(LE1000,在1000cd/m2下以lm/W计量)、外量子效率(EQE1000,在1000cd/m2下以%计量)和电压(U1000,在1000cd/m2下以V计量)。在1000cd/m2的发光密度下记录电致发光(EL)谱,然后根据所述EL谱计算CIE 1931x和y坐标。
各种OLED的器件数据总结在表2中。实施例V1是根据现有技术的比较例。实施例E1-E13示出本发明OLED的数据。
在下面的部分中更详细地描述一些实施例以示出本发明OLED的优点。
本发明化合物作为磷光OLED中的主体材料的用途
与现有技术的材料相比,使用本发明化合物作为主体材料导致显著改进的OLED器件数据,特别是在器件效率方面更是如此。
与含有材料IC3的器件相比,使用本发明材料13a作为主体与IC1混合导致外量子效率提高10%(实施例V1与E1进行比较)。
表1:OLED层结构
表2:OLED器件数据
表3 OLED材料的化学结构
Claims (20)
1.一种化合物,所述化合物根据式(1),
其中:
Y在每次出现时相同或不同并且选自C(R1)2、N(R1)、C(=O)、C(=S)、O或S,优选C(R1)2或N(R1);
X在每次出现时相同或不同,并且X包括CR1或N;
R1在每次出现时相同或不同,并且R1包括H,D,F,Cl,Br,I,CHO,N(Ar1)2,C(=O)Ar1,P(=O)(Ar1)2,S(=O)Ar1,S(=O)2Ar1,CR2=CR2Ar1,CN,NO2,Si(R2)3,B(OR2)2,B(R2)2,B(N(R2)2)2,OSO2R2,具有1至40个C原子的直链的烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷氧基基团,或具有3至40个C原子的支链或环状的烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷氧基基团,所述基团中的每个可被一个或多个R2取代,其中一个或多个非相邻的亚甲基基团可被R2C=CR2、C≡C、Si(R2)2、Ge(R2)2、Sn(R2)2、C=O、C=S、C=Se、C=NR2、P(=O)(R2)、SO、SO2、NR2、O、S或C(=O)NR2代替,并且其中一个或多个氢原子可包括选自D、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2的取代,或具有5至60个芳族环原子的芳族或杂芳族环系,所述芳族或杂芳族环系在每种情况下可被一个或多个基团R2取代,或具有5至40个芳族环原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基基团,所述芳氧基或杂芳氧基基团任选被一个或多个基团R2取代,或具有5至40个芳族环原子的芳烷基或杂芳烷基基团,所述芳烷基或杂芳烷基基团任选被一个或多个基团R2取代,或这些体系的组合;其中两个或更多个取代基R1与其所键合至的原子一起,或两个取代基R1与其所键合至的原子一起,也可彼此形成单环或多环的脂族或芳族环系;
R2在每次出现时相同或不同,并且R2包括H,D,F,Cl,Br,I,N(R3)2,CN,NO2,Si(R3)3,B(OR3)2,C(=O)R3,P(=O)(R3)2,S(=O)R3,S(=O)2R3,OSO2R3,具有1至40个C原子的直链的烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷氧基基团,或具有2至40个C原子的直链的烯基或炔基,或具有3至40个C原子的支链或环状的烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷基烷氧基或硫代烷氧基基团,所述基团中的每个任选被一个或多个基团R3取代,其中一个或多个非相邻的CH2基团任选被R3C=CR3、C≡C、Si(R3)2、Ge(R3)2、Sn(R3)2、C=O、C=S、C=Se、C=NR3、P(=O)(R3)、SO、SO2、NR3、O、S或CONR3代替,并且其中一个或多个H原子任选被D、F、Cl、Br、I、CN或NO2代替,或具有5至60个芳族环原子的芳族或杂芳族环系,所述芳族或杂芳族环系在每种情况下可被一个或多个基团R3取代,或具有5至60个芳族环原子的芳氧基、芳烷氧基或杂芳氧基基团,所述芳氧基、芳烷氧基或杂芳氧基基团任选被一个或多个基团R3取代,或具有10至40个芳族环原子的二芳基氨基基团、二杂芳基氨基基团或芳基杂芳基氨基基团,所述二芳基氨基基团、二杂芳基氨基基团或芳基杂芳基氨基基团任选被一个或多个基团R3取代,或这些基团中的两个或更多个的组合,其中两个或更多个取代基R2也可彼此形成单环或多环的脂族或芳族环系,其中优选两个或更多个孪位和连位的取代基R2形成单个的单环或多环的脂族或芳族环系;
R3在每次出现时相同或不同,并且R3包括H,D,F,或具有1至20个C原子的脂族、芳族和/或杂芳族的烃基团,其中一个或多个H原子可被F取代,其中两个或更多个取代基R3也可彼此形成单环或多环的脂族或芳族环系,其中优选孪位和连位的取代基R3不形成单个的单环或多环的脂族或芳族环系;
R4在每次出现时相同或不同,并且R4包括Ar1,含有C1-C40烷基、C1-C40不饱和基团、C3-C40环状烷基或C3-C40不饱和环状基团的第一部分,所述部分还包含R2,其中一个或多个亚甲基基团,优选非连位的亚甲基基团,可包括选自R2C=CR2、C≡C、Si(R2)2、Ge(R2)2、Sn(R2)2、C=O、C=S、C=Se、C=NR2、P(=O)(R2)、SO、SO2、NR2、O或C(=O)NR2的取代,其中一个或多个氢原子可包括选自D、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2或Ar1的取代;
Ar1在每次出现时相同或不同,并且Ar1包括芳族环、芳族环系、杂芳族环、杂芳族环系或芳族杂芳族环系,其中Ar1可包括一个或多个R3取代;
m是0、1或2,优选地m是1,非常优选地m是0;
n是0或1,优选0,其中n=0是指两个环经由共价单键彼此键合。
2.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,其中R4包括具有5至60个芳族环原子的芳族或杂芳族体系,所述芳族或杂芳族体系包含一个或多个R2取代。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的化合物,所述化合物包含式1a、1b或1c:
4.根据权利要求1至3中的一项或多项所述的化合物,所述化合物包含式2a、2b或2c:
5.根据权利要求1至4中的一项或多项所述的化合物,所述化合物选自下式:
6.根据权利要求1至5中的一项或多项所述的化合物,其中R4选自苯基-、联苯基-、三联苯基-、四联苯基-、吡啶基-、嘧啶基-、吡嗪基-、哒嗪基-、三嗪基-、二芳基氨基苯基-或二芳基氨基联苯基基团,所述基团可被一个或多个在每次出现时可相同或不同的R2取代。
7.根据权利要求1至6中的一项或多项所述的化合物,其中R4包括下列基团之一:
其中
R5在每次出现时相同或不同,并且R5包括H,D,F,Cl,Br,I,CHO,N(Ar2)2,C(=O)Ar2,P(=O)(Ar2)2,S(=O)Ar2,S(=O)2Ar2,CR6=CR6Ar2,CN,NO2,Si(R6)3,B(OR6)2,B(R6)2,B(N(R6)2)2,OSO2R6,具有1至40个C原子的直链的烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷氧基基团,或具有3至40个C原子的支链或环状的烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷氧基基团,所述基团中的每个可被一个或多个R6取代,其中一个或多个非相邻的亚甲基基团可被R6C=CR6、C≡C、Si(R6)2、Ge(R6)2、Sn(R6)2、C=O、C=S、C=Se、C=NR6、P(=O)(R6)、SO、SO2、NR6、O、S或C(=O)NR6代替,并且其中一个或多个氢原子可包括选自D、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2的取代,或具有5至60个芳族环原子的芳族或杂芳族环系,所述芳族或杂芳族环系在每种情况下可被一个或多个基团R6取代,或具有5至40个芳族环原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基基团,所述芳氧基或杂芳氧基基团任选被一个或多个基团R6取代,或具有5至40个芳族环原子的芳烷基或杂芳烷基基团,所述芳烷基或杂芳烷基基团任选被一个或多个基团R6取代,或这些体系的组合;其中两个或更多个取代基R5与其所键合至的原子一起,或两个取代基R5与其所键合至的原子一起,也可彼此形成单环或多环的脂族或芳族环系;
R6在每次出现时相同或不同,并且R6包括H,D,F,或具有1至20个C原子的脂族、芳族和/或杂芳族的烃基团,其中一个或多个H原子可被F取代,其中两个或更多个取代基R6也可彼此形成单环或多环的脂族或芳族环系,其中优选地孪位和连位的取代基R6不形成单个的单环或多环的脂族或芳族环系;
Ar2在每次出现时相同或不同,并且Ar2包括芳族环、芳族环系、杂芳族环、杂芳族环系或芳族杂芳族环系,其中Ar2可包括5至40个环原子,其中Ar2包括一个或多个R6取代;
p是0、1、2、3、4或5。
8.一种组合物,所述组合物包含至少一种根据权利要求1-6中的一项或多项所述的化合物和至少一种功能材料,所述功能材料选自空穴注入材料(HIM)、空穴传输材料(HTM)、空穴阻挡材料(HBM)、电子注入材料(EIM)、电子传输材料(ETM)、电子阻挡材料(EBM)、主体材料、基质材料、宽带隙材料、荧光发光体、磷光发光体、n型掺杂剂和p型掺杂剂。
9.根据权利要求8所述的组合物,其中所述功能材料选自基质材料。
10.根据权利要求8或9所述的组合物,所述组合物还包含至少一种磷光发光体。
11.根据权利要求8至10中的一项或多项所述的组合物,所述组合物还包含至少一种宽带隙材料,其中所述宽带隙材料优选具有3.5eV或更大的带隙。
12.根据权利要求8所述的组合物,其中所述至少一种化合物与低聚物、树枝状大分子或聚合物共价键合。
13.一种制剂,所述制剂包含至少一种根据权利要求1至7中的一项或多项所述的化合物或根据权利要求8至12中的一项或多项所述的组合物和至少一种溶剂。
14.根据权利要求1至7中的一项或多项所述的化合物或根据权利要求8至12所述的组合物优选在电子器件中的用途。
15.一种电子器件,所述电子器件包含根据权利要求1至7中的一项或多项所述的化合物或根据权利要求8至12中的一项或多项所述的组合物。
16.根据权利要求15所述的电子器件,其中所述器件选自有机集成电路(OIC)、有机场效应晶体管(OFET)、有机薄膜晶体管(OTFT)、有机电致发光器件、有机太阳能电池(OSC)、有机光学检测器、有机光感受器,优选有机电致发光器件。
17.根据权利要求15或16所述的电子器件,其特征在于所述器件是选自以下的电致发光器件:有机发光晶体管(OLET)、有机场猝熄器件(OFQD)、有机发光电化学电池(OLEC、LEC、LEEC)、有机激光二极管(O-Laser)和有机发光二极管(OLED),优选OLEC和OLED,非常优选OLED。
18.根据权利要求15至17中的一项或多项所述的电子器件,所述电子器件用于医学中以进行光疗,优选用于人类和动物皮肤的光疗。
19.根据权利要求15至18中的一项或多项所述的电子器件,所述电子器件用于照射人类和动物皮肤的美容用途。
20.一种用于制备根据权利要求15至18中的一项或多项所述的电子器件的方法,所述方法包括通过气相沉积或从溶液沉积所述器件的至少一个有机层。
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WO2023134228A1 (zh) * | 2022-01-12 | 2023-07-20 | 陕西莱特光电材料股份有限公司 | 含氮化合物及包含其的有机电致发光器件和电子装置 |
CN115466209A (zh) * | 2022-09-29 | 2022-12-13 | 南通大学 | 一种罗匹尼罗环戊烷并吲哚酮杂质的合成方法 |
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CN107922335B (zh) | 2021-06-04 |
WO2017025166A1 (en) | 2017-02-16 |
EP3334708A1 (en) | 2018-06-20 |
US10934292B2 (en) | 2021-03-02 |
US20200140440A1 (en) | 2020-05-07 |
KR20180039680A (ko) | 2018-04-18 |
JP6862420B2 (ja) | 2021-04-21 |
EP3334708B1 (en) | 2020-08-19 |
TW201718489A (zh) | 2017-06-01 |
JP2018530522A (ja) | 2018-10-18 |
TWI715607B (zh) | 2021-01-11 |
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