CN107827433A - A kind of middle low-temperature sintering ceramic product and its manufacturing process - Google Patents

A kind of middle low-temperature sintering ceramic product and its manufacturing process Download PDF

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CN107827433A
CN107827433A CN201711108914.XA CN201711108914A CN107827433A CN 107827433 A CN107827433 A CN 107827433A CN 201711108914 A CN201711108914 A CN 201711108914A CN 107827433 A CN107827433 A CN 107827433A
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parts
raw material
ceramic
middle low
temperature sintering
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CN107827433B (en
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郭春材
曾金钩
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Dehua County Fujian Province Yang Arts And Crafts Co Ltd
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Dehua County Fujian Province Yang Arts And Crafts Co Ltd
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    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
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    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/327—Iron group oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C04B2235/3275—Cobalt oxides, cobaltates or cobaltites or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bismuth cobaltate, zinc cobaltite
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    • C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
    • C04B2235/3436—Alkaline earth metal silicates, e.g. barium silicate
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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of middle low-temperature sintering ceramic product and its manufacturing process, and the ceramics include base substrate and the glaze layer imposed on base substrate, it is characterised in that the base substrate is made by the following raw material by weight：50~70 parts of white clouds soil, 10~25 parts of quartz, 10~25 parts of feldspar, 2~5 parts of cobalt oxide, 15~20 parts of diatomite, 5~20 parts of clay, 8~15 parts of calcium silicates, 4~8 parts of konjaku glucomannan；The glaze layer is made by the following raw material by weight：28~32 parts of quartz, 26~30 parts of feldspar, 14~18 parts of borax, 6~10 parts of white clouds soil, 8~12 parts of kaolin, 3~7 parts of zinc oxide, 5~10 parts of sodium metasilicate, 5~10 parts of silica, 4~6 parts of boron oxide, 5~10 parts of pigment.Middle low-temperature sintering ceramic product provided by the invention, its water absorption rate are less than 1%, solve the problems, such as that middle low-temp ceramics water absorption rate is low.

Description

A kind of middle low-temperature sintering ceramic product and its manufacturing process
Technical field
The invention belongs to ceramic production technology technical field, and in particular to a kind of middle low-temperature sintering ceramic product and its manufacture Technique.
Background technology
Medium temperature ceramics refer to ceramics of the firing temperature at 1000~1200 DEG C or so, can be divided into by material primary chemical composition Oxide, low-temp ceramics refer to ceramics of the firing temperature at 700~900 DEG C or so, and the firing temperature of middle low-temp ceramics is low, consumption The energy it is few, the advantages of firing time is short, meanwhile, it has the shortcomings that color wood is stagnant, porcelain is coarse, frangible, water absorption rate is high, because This, exploring the ceramics that a kind of middle firing temperature is low, water absorption rate is low has huge value.
The content of the invention
Based on above prior art, the present invention provides a kind of middle low-temperature sintering ceramic product and its manufacturing process, and it burns till Temperature is 700~950 DEG C, the ceramics of firing have color is vivid, porcelain is fine and smooth, ceramic is firm, nontoxic, heat-resisting, resistance to corruption, suction The characteristics of water rate is low.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows, a kind of middle low-temperature sintering ceramic product, including Base substrate and the glaze layer imposed on base substrate, it is characterised in that the base substrate is made by the following raw material by weight：White clouds soil 50 ~70 parts, quartz 10~25 parts, 10~25 parts of feldspar, 2~5 parts of cobalt oxide, 15~20 parts of diatomite, 5~20 parts of clay, silicic acid 8~15 parts of calcium, 4~8 parts of konjaku glucomannan；The glaze layer is made by the following raw material by weight：28~32 parts of quartz, 26~30 parts of feldspar, 14~18 parts of borax, 6~10 parts of white clouds soil, 8~12 parts of kaolin, 3~7 parts of zinc oxide, sodium metasilicate 5~ 10 parts, 5~10 parts of silica, 4~6 parts of boron oxide, 5~10 parts of pigment.
Preferably, the base substrate includes following raw material：The manufacture of the base substrate uses the following raw material：63 parts of white clouds soil, 18 parts of quartz, 18 parts of feldspar, 4 parts of cobalt oxide, 17 parts of diatomite, 15 parts of clay, 12 parts of calcium silicates, 6 parts of konjaku glucomannan；Institute Glaze layer is stated to be made by the following raw material by weight：30 parts of quartz, 28 parts of feldspar, 16 parts of borax, white clouds native 9 parts, kaolin 11 parts, 5 parts of zinc oxide, 7 parts of sodium metasilicate, 7 parts of silica, 5 parts of boron oxide, 8 parts of pigment.
Present invention also offers a kind of manufacturing process of middle low-temperature sintering ceramic product, its step includes：
Step 1：Each raw material is weighed respectively according to blank raw material formula, after white clouds soil, quartz, feldspar, cobalt oxide are mixed Water for ball milling is added 30~60 minutes with 60~180r/min speed, it is 35~40% to make its solid content, is subsequently added into diatomite simultaneously Stir, sequentially adding clay, calcium silicates, konjaku glucomannan in whipping process obtains ceramic material, and ceramic material is determined Type obtains ceramic crude green body body, and sharp base obtains ceramic body afterwards, uses base gel agent to prepare PH as 8.5~9.5 solution, will Ceramic body, which is immersed and is warming up to 65~80 DEG C, is incubated 5~20 minutes, takes out afterwards and dries solidified at normal temperatures Ceramic body, wherein, the base gel agent is at least one of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium acid carbonate；
Step 2：Each raw material is weighed respectively according to glaze layer raw material proportioning afterwards, with 200~400r/ after each raw material is mixed Min speed adds water for ball milling to obtain glaze water in 40~60 minutes, by glaze water vacuum be 10-2~10-1MPa, temperature are 30~60 Vacuum de-soak 3~20 minutes under the conditions of DEG C, it is 45~65% to make its solid content；
Step 3：Glaze water is sprayed at above-mentioned steps 1 obtains solidifying and ceramic body surfaces externally and internally and baked at 30~60 DEG C Moisture evaporating completely in 10~20 minutes to glaze water, finally fired 30~180 minutes at 750~950 DEG C, obtain middle low temperature Low fire ceramic product.
The present invention is as follows using base substrate and glaze layer raw material and its manufacturing process principle：
White clouds soil, the major ingredient of quartz, feldspar, cobalt oxide as ceramic body, ball milling is carried out after being mixed makes its mixing Uniformly, meanwhile, particle is diminished because of its intergranular friction, control adds the amount of water, obtain after ball milling solid content for 35~ 40% slurry, the diatomite added afterwards have excellent suspendability and absorption property, moreover it is possible to which the strong of ceramics is made in enhancing Degree, heat-resisting, wear-resisting, ageing resistace, clay, calcium silicates, konjaku glucomannan are added afterwards and obtains pug, wherein clay is The aluminium silicate salt that grain is less than 2 microns and plasticity is strong, calcium silicates are favorably improved the stickiness of pug, and konjaku glucomannan has height The gel characteristic of intensity, be advantageous to pug and shaped to obtain ceramic crude green body body, sharp base obtains ceramic body afterwards；In step 2 In, use base gel agent to prepare PH as 8.5~9.5 solution, base substrate is immersed and is warming up to 65~80 DEG C of insulation leachings Bubble 5~20 minutes, the konjaku glucomannan in ceramic body condenses on this condition, so that ceramic body solidifies, increase pottery The intensity of porcelain billet body, strengthened ceramic body；Match somebody with somebody enamel frit makeing water afterwards, because it is stirred in process for preparation, wherein doing pair Foam is produced, therefore to be 10 in vacuum-2~10-1, temperature be 30~60 DEG C under the conditions of vacuum de-soak, so as to avoid firing Obtain afterwards ceramics glaze layer in bubble be present, afterwards by the glaze water spraying plating after froth in vacuum in solidification ceramic body on and dry, Finally fired 30~180 minutes at 750~950 DEG C, obtain middle low-temperature sintering ceramic product.
Preferably, the stir speed (S.S.) in the step 1 is 120~135r/min, the stirring under this speed can make each original Material fully, uniformly mixes.
As it is another preferably, use in the step 1 base gel agent preparation solution PH for 9.0 ± 0.1, this pH value Under, the condensation of the konjaku glucomannan in ceramic body it is fastest, so as to quickly obtain solidification ceramics.
Beneficial effect
Using composition of raw materials of the present invention and the middle low-temperature sintering ceramic product of technique manufacture, have the advantages that：
(1), middle low-temperature sintering ceramic product provided by the invention has easy to clean, will not adsorb peculiar smell, will not occur The cracking of glaze paint and local drainage, the characteristics of service life is long.
(2), middle low-temperature sintering ceramic product provided by the invention, in the fabrication process, the konjaku glucomannan in base substrate Condensing in the basic conditions, ceramic body is solidified, after firing obtains ceramic, its water absorption rate is less than 1%, Solve the problems, such as that middle low-temperature sintering ceramic product water absorption rate is low.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of middle low-temperature sintering ceramic product, including base substrate and the glaze layer imposed on base substrate, the base Body is made by the following raw material by weight：50 parts of white clouds soil, 10 parts of quartz, 10 parts of feldspar, 2 parts of cobalt oxide, diatomite 15 Part, 5 parts of clay, 8 parts of calcium silicates, 4 parts of konjaku glucomannan；The glaze layer is made by the following raw material by weight：Quartz 28 parts, 26 parts of feldspar, 14 parts of borax, white clouds soil 6 parts, 8 parts of kaolin, 3 parts of zinc oxide, 5 parts of sodium metasilicate, 5 parts of silica, oxidation 4 parts of boron, 5 parts of pigment.
The present embodiment additionally provides a kind of technique of low-temperature sintering ceramic product in manufacture, and its step includes：
Step 1：Each raw material is weighed respectively according to blank raw material formula, after white clouds soil, quartz, feldspar, cobalt oxide are mixed Add water for ball milling 30 minutes, it is 35% to make its solid content, is subsequently added into diatomite and is stirred with 60r/min speed, whipping process In sequentially add clay, calcium silicates, konjaku glucomannan and obtain ceramic material, ceramic material is shaped to obtain ceramic crude green body Body, afterwards sharp base obtain ceramic body, use sodium hydroxide as base gel agent prepare PH for 8.5 solution, by ceramic blank Body, which is immersed and is warming up to 65 DEG C, is incubated 20 minutes, takes out afterwards and dries to obtain solidification ceramic body at normal temperatures；
Step 2：Each raw material is weighed respectively according to glaze layer raw material proportioning, is added after each raw material is mixed with 200r/min speed Water for ball milling obtains glaze water in 60 minutes, by glaze water vacuum be 1 × 10-2Vacuum de-soak 5 minutes under the conditions of MPa, temperature are 30 DEG C, It is 65% to make its solid content；
Step 3：Glaze water is sprayed at ceramic body surfaces externally and internally that above-mentioned steps 1 are solidified and bakes 20 at 30 DEG C Minute to the moisture evaporating completely in glaze water, finally fires 180 minutes at 750 DEG C, obtains middle low-temperature sintering ceramic product.
Water imbibition test is carried out to ceramics produced by the present invention, 5 potsherds is taken, is dried after cleaning, claim its weight respectively, It is placed in distilled water, boils 3 hours, during which the water surface is kept above more than potsherd 10mm, afterwards after potsherd is separated afterwards Potsherd is pulled out, with the water for having inhaled water saturated cloth and wiping potsherd surface attachment, weighs its weight, Zhi Houtong respectively rapidly Cross and each potsherd water absorption rate is calculated by formula, the mean water absorption rate for calculating potsherd is 0.2%, i.e., during the present embodiment is made The water absorption rate of low-temperature sintering ceramic product is 0.2%.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of middle low-temperature sintering ceramic product, including base substrate and the glaze layer imposed on base substrate, the base Body is made by the following raw material by weight：63 parts of white clouds soil, 18 parts of quartz, 18 parts of feldspar, 4 parts of cobalt oxide, diatomite 17 Part, 15 parts of clay, 12 parts of calcium silicates, 6 parts of konjaku glucomannan；The glaze layer is made by the following raw material by weight：Stone 30 parts of English, 28 parts of feldspar, 16 parts of borax, white clouds soil 9 parts, 11 parts of kaolin, 5 parts of zinc oxide, 7 parts of sodium metasilicate, 7 parts of silica, 5 parts of boron oxide, 8 parts of pigment.
The present embodiment additionally provides a kind of technique of low-temperature sintering ceramic product in manufacture, and its step includes：
Step 1：Each raw material is weighed respectively according to blank raw material formula, after white clouds soil, quartz, feldspar, cobalt oxide are mixed Add water for ball milling 45 minutes, it is 37% to make its solid content, is subsequently added into diatomite and is stirred with 120r/min speed, whipping process In sequentially add clay, calcium silicates, konjaku glucomannan and obtain ceramic material, ceramic material is shaped to obtain ceramic crude green body Body, afterwards sharp base obtain ceramic body, use sodium acid carbonate as base gel agent prepare PH for 9.0 solution, by ceramic blank Body, which is immersed and is warming up to 72 DEG C, is incubated 13 minutes, takes out afterwards and dries to obtain solidification ceramic body at normal temperatures；
Step 2：Each raw material is weighed respectively according to glaze layer raw material proportioning, is added after each raw material is mixed with 300r/min speed Water for ball milling obtains glaze water in 50 minutes, by glaze water vacuum be 7 × 10-2Vacuum de-soak 15 is divided under the conditions of MPa, temperature are 45 DEG C Clock, it is 50% to make its solid content；
Step 3：Glaze water is sprayed at ceramic body surfaces externally and internally that above-mentioned steps 1 are solidified and bakes 15 at 45 DEG C Minute to the moisture evaporating completely in glaze water, finally fires 100 minutes at 820 DEG C, obtains middle low-temperature sintering ceramic product.
Water imbibition test is carried out to ceramics produced by the present invention, 5 potsherds is taken, is dried after cleaning, claim its weight respectively, It is placed in distilled water, boils 3 hours, during which the water surface is kept above more than potsherd 10mm, afterwards after potsherd is separated afterwards Potsherd is pulled out, with the water for having inhaled water saturated cloth and wiping potsherd surface attachment, weighs its weight, Zhi Houtong respectively rapidly Cross and each potsherd water absorption rate is calculated by formula, the mean water absorption rate for calculating potsherd is 0.1%, i.e., during the present embodiment is made The water absorption rate of low-temperature sintering ceramic product is 0.1%.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment provides a kind of middle low-temperature sintering ceramic product, including base substrate and the glaze layer imposed on base substrate, the base Body is made by the following raw material by weight：70 parts of white clouds soil, 25 parts of quartz, 25 parts of feldspar, 5 parts of cobalt oxide, diatomite 20 Part, 20 parts of clay, 15 parts of calcium silicates, 8 parts of konjaku glucomannan；The glaze layer is made by the following raw material by weight：Stone 32 parts of English, 30 parts of feldspar, 18 parts of borax, 10 parts of white clouds soil, 12 parts of kaolin, 7 parts of zinc oxide, 10 parts of sodium metasilicate, silica 10 Part, 6 parts of boron oxide, 10 parts of pigment.
The present embodiment additionally provides a kind of technique of low-temperature sintering ceramic product in manufacture, and its step includes：
Step 1：Each raw material is weighed respectively according to blank raw material formula, after white clouds soil, quartz, feldspar, cobalt oxide are mixed Add water for ball milling 60 minutes, it is 40% to make its solid content, is subsequently added into diatomite and is stirred with 180r/min speed, whipping process In sequentially add clay, calcium silicates, konjaku glucomannan and obtain ceramic material, ceramic material is shaped to obtain ceramic crude green body Body, afterwards sharp base obtain ceramic body, use sodium carbonate and sodium acid carbonate as base gel agent preparation PH for 9.5 solution, Ceramic body is immersed and is warming up to 65~80 DEG C and is incubated 5~20 minutes, takes out and dries at normal temperatures afterwards and consolidated Change ceramic body；
Step 2：Each raw material is weighed respectively according to glaze layer raw material proportioning, is added after each raw material is mixed with 400r/min speed Water for ball milling obtains glaze water in 40 minutes, by glaze water vacuum be 1 × 10-1Vacuum de-soak 20 is divided under the conditions of MPa, temperature are 60 DEG C Clock, it is 65% to make its solid content；
Step 3：Glaze water is sprayed at ceramic body surfaces externally and internally that above-mentioned steps 1 are solidified and bakes 10 at 60 DEG C Minute to the moisture evaporating completely in glaze water, finally fires 35 minutes at 950 DEG C, obtains middle low-temperature sintering ceramic product.
Water imbibition test is carried out to ceramics produced by the present invention, 5 potsherds is taken, is dried after cleaning, claim its weight respectively, It is placed in distilled water, boils 3 hours, during which the water surface is kept above more than potsherd 10mm, afterwards after potsherd is separated afterwards Potsherd is pulled out, with the water for having inhaled water saturated cloth and wiping potsherd surface attachment, weighs its weight, Zhi Houtong respectively rapidly Cross and each potsherd water absorption rate is calculated by formula, the mean water absorption rate for calculating potsherd is 0.15%, i.e. the present embodiment is made The water absorption rate of middle low-temperature sintering ceramic product is 0.15%.
Low-temperature sintering ceramic product and middle low-temperature sintering ceramic of the prior art in being made in above-described embodiment 1 to 5 The water imbibition test result of product is as shown in the table：
The water imbibition test result of table 1
Test Existing ceramics Embodiment 1 Embodiment 2 Embodiment 3
Water absorption rate ≥1 0.2% 0.1% 0.15%
As seen from the above embodiment, the water absorption rate of low-temperature sintering ceramic product is overall 0.2% during embodiment 1 to 3 is made Hereinafter, wherein, the water absorption rate of middle low-temperature sintering ceramic product is minimum made from embodiment 2, best results.
Finally it should be noted that：The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it still may be used To be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitution is carried out to which part technical characteristic. Within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., it should be included in the present invention's Within protection domain.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of middle low-temperature sintering ceramic product, including base substrate and the glaze layer that imposes on base substrate, it is characterised in that the base substrate by The following raw material by weight is made：50~70 parts of white clouds soil, 10~25 parts of quartz, 10~25 parts of feldspar, cobalt oxide 2~5 Part, 15~20 parts of diatomite, 5~20 parts of clay, 8~15 parts of calcium silicates, 4~8 parts of konjaku glucomannan；The glaze layer is by by weight The following raw material of amount part meter is made：28~32 parts of quartz, 26~30 parts of feldspar, 14~18 parts of borax, 6~10 parts of white clouds soil, height 8~12 parts of ridge soil, 3~7 parts of zinc oxide, 5~10 parts of sodium metasilicate, 5~10 parts of silica, 4~6 parts of boron oxide, pigment 5~10 Part.
2. middle low-temperature sintering ceramic product according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the base substrate is by by weight The following raw material is made：63 parts of white clouds soil, 18 parts of quartz, 18 parts of feldspar, 4 parts of cobalt oxide, 17 parts of diatomite, 15 parts of clay, silicic acid 12 parts of calcium, 6 parts of konjaku glucomannan；The glaze layer is made by the following raw material by weight：Quartzy 30 parts, 28 parts of feldspar, 16 parts of borax, 9 parts of white clouds soil, 11 parts of kaolin, 5 parts of zinc oxide, 7 parts of sodium metasilicate, 7 parts of silica, 5 parts of boron oxide, pigment 8 Part.
A kind of 3. manufacturing process of the middle low-temperature sintering ceramic product described in claim 1 to 2, it is characterised in that its step bag Include：
Step 1：Each raw material is weighed respectively according to blank raw material formula, adds water after white clouds soil, quartz, feldspar, cobalt oxide are mixed Ball milling 30~60 minutes, it is 35~40% to make its solid content, is subsequently added into diatomite and is stirred with 60~180r/min speed, Clay, calcium silicates, konjaku glucomannan are sequentially added in whipping process and obtains ceramic material, ceramic material is shaped to obtain Ceramic crude green body body, afterwards sharp base obtain ceramic body, use base gel agent prepare PH for 8.5~9.5 solution, by ceramic blank Body, which is immersed and is warming up to 65~80 DEG C, is incubated 5~20 minutes, takes out afterwards and dries to obtain solidification ceramic blank at normal temperatures Body, wherein, the base gel agent is at least one of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium acid carbonate；
Step 2：Each raw material is weighed respectively according to glaze layer raw material proportioning, with 200~400r/min speed after each raw material is mixed Add water for ball milling to obtain glaze water in 40~60 minutes, by glaze water vacuum be 10-2~10-1Under the conditions of MPa, temperature are 30~60 DEG C Vacuum de-soak 3~20 minutes, it is 45~65% to make its solid content；
Step 3：Glaze water is sprayed at ceramic body surfaces externally and internally that above-mentioned steps 1 are solidified and bakes 10 at 30~60 DEG C Moisture evaporating completely in~20 minutes to glaze water, finally fired 30~180 minutes at 750~950 DEG C, obtain middle low temperature and burn Into ceramic.
4. the manufacturing process of middle low-temperature sintering ceramic product according to claim 3, it is characterised in that in the step 1 Stir speed (S.S.) is 120~135r/min.
5. according to the manufacturing process of the middle low-temperature sintering ceramic product of claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that in the step 1 Base gel agent is used to prepare the PH of solution as 9.0 ± 0.1.
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