CN107821455B - Traditional Chinese medicine preparation for health care and quality improvement of tobacco and use method thereof - Google Patents

Traditional Chinese medicine preparation for health care and quality improvement of tobacco and use method thereof Download PDF

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CN107821455B
CN107821455B CN201710957603.4A CN201710957603A CN107821455B CN 107821455 B CN107821455 B CN 107821455B CN 201710957603 A CN201710957603 A CN 201710957603A CN 107821455 B CN107821455 B CN 107821455B
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李迪秦
龚湛武
蒋南
刘伊芸
卢政言
熊娇军
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Hunan Agricultural University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/30—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N41/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a sulfur atom bound to a hetero atom
    • A01N41/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a sulfur atom bound to a hetero atom containing a sulfur-to-oxygen double bond
    • A01N41/04—Sulfonic acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
    • A01N63/10—Animals; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/24—Lauraceae [Laurel family], e.g. laurel, avocado, sassafras, cinnamon or camphor

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Abstract

The invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for health care and quality improvement of tobacco and a using method thereof. The method belongs to the technical field of tobacco cultivation, adopts natural propolis, artificially cultivated and produced ganoderma lucidum powder, natural cinnamon powder and schisandra chinensis powder according to the mass ratio of 1-10: 20-50: 25-45: 15-35, soaking in clean water for 4-6h, boiling, decocting with slow fire for 30-60 min, cooling to room temperature, and filtering with double-layer common gauze to obtain filtrate; 30 days after the tobacco leaves are transplanted, the filtrate is 1000g at 300-2The dosage is 10-25g/666.7m of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate as penetrant2Mixing the filtrate and penetrant with clean water until the filtrate concentration is 1-3%, spraying on leaf surface once every 10-20 days, and spraying for several times. Can promote the robust growth of tobacco plants, enhance the resistance of the tobacco plants to adverse environments, and improve the maturity resistance and the baking resistance of tobacco leaves, thereby improving the aroma content, the grade proportion, the yield and the quality of the tobacco leaves.

Description

Traditional Chinese medicine preparation for health care and quality improvement of tobacco and use method thereof
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco cultivation, and particularly relates to a tobacco health-care quality-improving traditional Chinese medicine preparation and a using method thereof, in particular to a tobacco health-care quality-improving traditional Chinese medicine preparation for improving the resistance of plants to adverse environments, enhancing the maturity resistance and baking resistance of tobacco leaves and improving the grade proportion, yield and quality of the tobacco leaves and an application method thereof.
Background art:
tobacco is one of the most important economic crops in agricultural production in China at present, and has important influence on the development of the economy and the society and the national revenue. In the tobacco production, due to unfavorable ecological environment conditions (such as low soil fertility level, soil-borne disease damage, over-high or over-low air temperature, over-high or over-low rainfall, over-high or under-high illumination and the like), low tobacco grower planting technology and management level and the like, the normal growth and development of tobacco plants and the mature harvesting of tobacco leaves are influenced, so that the stress resistance of the tobacco leaves in the field is poor, the tobacco leaves are not ripe and roast resistant, and the maturity difference of the tobacco leaf harvesting is large; and due to the mismatching between the universal baking process and equipment and local ecological environment conditions, planting level and the like, the baking quality of harvested tobacco leaves is influenced, the tobacco leaves after baking are often yellow but not fragrant, the inherent quality of the tobacco leaves is low, and the production of high-grade cigarette industry is further influenced.
How to improve the stress resistance of field tobacco plants under adverse environmental conditions, reduce the harm of soil-borne diseases, enhance the maturity resistance and baking resistance of tobacco leaves, realize the tobacco leaf baking fragrance of yellow and baked tobacco leaves, and further improve the grade quality of tobacco leaves? At present, the quality of tobacco leaves is improved through yellow-fired aroma curing mainly through cultivation technical measures such as proper sowing and transplanting period, transplanting density and leaf number, mature harvesting and the like in production and matching with proper baking process and the like, but the measures are often difficult to ensure the normal growth and development of tobacco plants and the improvement of the quality of the tobacco leaves among different years and different ecological regions due to the limitations of environmental conditions, cultivation management and baking technical measures, baking equipment and the like. Based on the traditional Chinese medicine health-care theory of homology of medicine and food, the invention strives to spray a pure traditional Chinese medicine preparation on the leaf surface as a food raw material through a field cultivation technical management process to enhance the physique of tobacco plants, alleviate disease harm, improve the stress resistance of the tobacco plants, increase the mature-resistant and baking-resistant performance of tobacco leaves under adverse environmental conditions, and finally realize the improvement of the yield and quality of the tobacco leaves on the basis of baking yellow and baking fragrance and improving the grade proportion of the tobacco leaves. Based on the purpose, the technology of the invention can effectively solve the problems in production to a certain extent. Practical application of the invention in production in recent years shows that: good effect, wide raw material source, low cost and easy preparation and use.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a tobacco health-care quality-improving traditional Chinese medicine preparation and a using method thereof, which effectively solve the problems of poor stress resistance, low tobacco leaf maturity resistance and low tobacco leaf baking resistance, yellow and fragrant tobacco leaf baked, poor tobacco leaf grade quality and quality, influence on industrial availability of the tobacco leaf and economic benefit of the tobacco leaf production and restriction on healthy and stable development of tobacco leaf and cigarette production in China caused by ecological environment conditions, cultivation technical measures, baking technical measures and processes, tobacco grower production technology and management level difference and the like in the current tobacco leaf production in China.
In addition, the invention is also a tobacco health-care quality-improving traditional Chinese medicine preparation which is researched and developed on the basis of the theoretical basis that a traditional Chinese medicine compound generates good body-building health-care curative effects through the cooperation of multiple components, multiple target points and multiple traditional Chinese medicine components and the commonness of the life activity rules of organisms and the like under the existing tobacco cultivation management, harvesting and baking technologies and equipment facilities in China.
A Chinese medicinal preparation for promoting health and improving quality of tobacco is a liquid preparation prepared from propolis, Ganoderma, cortex Cinnamomi Japonici, and fructus Schisandrae.
Further, the mass ratio of propolis, lucid ganoderma, cassia bark and Chinese magnoliavine fruit is 1-10: 20-50: 25-45: 15-35. Preferably, the ratio of 5: 45: 30: 20.
further, the propolis is natural propolis, the lucid ganoderma is artificially cultivated and produced, and the cassia bark is natural cassia bark.
The traditional Chinese medicine preparation for tobacco health care and quality improvement provided by the invention comprises the following raw materials in percentage by purity: the content of natural propolis is more than or equal to 98%, the content of artificially cultivated and produced lucid ganoderma is more than or equal to 98%, the content of natural cinnamon is more than or equal to 98%, and the content of schisandra chinensis is more than or equal to 98%.
Further crushing the ganoderma lucidum, the cassia bark and the schisandra chinensis to 150 meshes and 250 meshes.
The invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for tobacco health care and quality improvement, which comprises the following components in part by weight: the three substances of the lucid ganoderma, the cinnamon bark and the schisandra chinensis are dried at the constant temperature of 40 ℃, and are placed in an airflow pulverizer special for MKL-QL-1 traditional Chinese medicines (Ming Hu Bei Lu No. 21 of Anqiu economic development area in Weifang city in Shandong province and produced by Shandong Mokeli powder technology and equipment limited company) to be pulverized into powder for later use.
Further mixing the raw materials, boiling and filtering to obtain the aqueous solution.
The mass ratio of the raw materials to the water is 1: 50-100. Soaking the above materials in pure water for 4-6 hr, boiling, decocting with slow fire for 30-60 min, cooling to room temperature, and filtering to obtain filtrate. Preferably decocting with slow fire for 45 min, cooling to room temperature, and filtering with common cotton gauze to obtain the final product.
The application method of the tobacco health-care quality-improving traditional Chinese medicine preparation is characterized in that the tobacco health-care quality-improving traditional Chinese medicine preparation is sprayed on the leaf surfaces of planted tobacco.
And further adding calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, adding water, and stirring uniformly for use.
Further, 1000g of tobacco health-care quality-improving traditional Chinese medicine preparation with the concentration of 300-210-25g/666.7m of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate2The amount is used; after water is added, the concentration of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for improving the health care and quality of the tobacco is 1.0-3.0%.
Further spraying the leaves 30 days after the tobacco leaves are transplanted, wherein the spraying is carried out once every 10 to 20 days, and the spraying times are 2 to 5.
Preferably the Chinese medicinal preparation for promoting tobacco health and improving quality is 450g/666.7m2Adding 15g/666.7m of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate serving as a penetrating agent into the mixture for using2Mixing the filtrate with 30kg of clean water, spraying on leaf surface, and spraying once every 15 days. And (4) after the tobacco leaves are mature, baking the tobacco leaves according to the existing harvesting and baking technical measures and processes.
The invention can respectively improve the proportion, the average price, the yield and the output value of the middle-grade and the top-grade tobacco leaves of the tobacco leaves, and sequentially increase 4.5-5.0 percent, 3.2-3.6 percent, 1.12-2.19 yuan/kg, 91.2-91.2 kg/hm24882.98-4999.47 yuan/hm2；
The disease plant rate of main climatic spot, brown spot, common mosaic and black stem disease of the field 1 (the treatment of the invention) is reduced by 5.3 to 8.7 percent, 3.45 to 5.78 percent, 5.65 to 7.1 percent and 3.31 to 3.08 percent in sequence compared with the treatment 2 (the comparison); the disease index treatment 1 (treatment of the invention) is 1.78-5.15, 2.18-3.56, 3.11-3.2 and 3.13-3.51 lower than the treatment 2 (comparison) in sequence.
B2F total amount of petroleum ether extract, carotenoid aroma substance, degradation product, solanone, non-enzymatic browning reaction product, aromatic amino acid cracking product, neophytadiene, neutral aroma substance and the like in tobacco leaf aroma substance, 1 (treatment of the invention) is respectively improved by 0.35-0.38%, 1.90-2.00 mu g/g, 8.80-10.7 mu g/g, 9.90-10.6 mu g/g, 6.60-9.90 mu g/g, 4.50-5.80 mu g/g, 359.6-366.8 mu g/g and 412.5-434.5 mu g/g compared with 2 (control).
The total amount of petroleum ether extract, carotenoid aroma substances, degradation products, solanone, non-enzymatic browning reaction products, aromatic amino acid cracking products, neophytadiene, neutral aroma substances and the like in C3F tobacco leaf aroma substances is respectively increased by 0.38-0.45%, 1.50-2.10 Mug/g, 9.0-10.9 Mug/g, 9.7-9.9 Mug/g, 6.5-9.3 Mug/g, 3.90-5.60 Mug/g, 340.6-360.8 Mug/g and 400.5-430.5 Mug/g in treatment 1 (treatment of the invention) compared with treatment 2 (control).
The invention has the following characteristics:
the natural propolis contains flavonoid compounds including corilagin, caffeic acid phenethyl ester, terpenoids, various amino acids and microelements; the main components of Ganoderma include ganoderan, ganoderic acid, adenosine, and more than 10 kinds of alkali, oleic acid, cellulose, amino acids, microelements, etc.; the cortex Cinnamomi contains volatile oil such as cinnamaldehyde, cinnamyl acetate, ethyl cinnamate, benzyl benzoate, benzaldehyde, coumarin, beta-cubebene, calamene, beta-elemene, protocatechuic acid, trans-cinnamic acid, etc.; the schisandra chinensis contains volatile components, lignans, organic acids, citral, chlorophyll, sterols, vitamin C, vitamin E, saccharides, resin, tannin and the like, the active ingredients rich in the rare traditional Chinese medicines after decoction are utilized, and the active ingredients are sprayed and absorbed on the leaf surfaces to strengthen the body, so that the stress resistance of tobacco plants is improved, the resistance of the tobacco plants to main brown spot, climatic spot, black stem and common mosaic of tobacco is enhanced, the field hazard caused by diseases is reduced, the ripening resistance and the baking resistance of the tobacco leaves under adverse environmental conditions are increased, the content of aroma substances of the baked tobacco leaves is increased, the grade proportion of the baked tobacco leaves is improved, and the quality, the yield and the industrial availability of the tobacco leaves are further improved.
The advantages of the invention are as follows:
1. the raw material source is wide. Propolis is mainly produced naturally in the bee-keeping process and purchased in the market; the lucid ganoderma is cultivated by artificial cultivation, so that the market supply is abundant; the cinnamon is produced from artificially planted or wild cinnamon trees in China; chinese magnoliavine fruit is rich in natural and artificial cultivation resources in China. The materials are easily obtained through Chinese medicinal material markets such as Shaodanliko Chinese medicine trade market in Hunan province and the like. The raw materials are produced in Yunnan, Guizhou, Hunan, Chongqing, Sichuan, Fujian, Anhui, Henan, Guangxi, Jiangxi and the like in the main producing area of tobacco leaves in China on a large scale, and can be very easily obtained by special bee-keeping households and main traditional Chinese medicine trade markets; the penetrant calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate Wettable Powder (WP) is produced in developed chemical industry provinces of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hebei, Shandong and the like; the major manufacturers of the jet mill dedicated to MKL-QL-1 Chinese medicine have numerous mechanical enterprises such as Shandong Mokeli powder technology and equipment Limited company in the Anqiu economic development area of Shandong province Weifang city. The preparation method of the tobacco leaf health-care traditional Chinese medicine preparation comprises the following steps: firstly, drying the three substances of the lucid ganoderma, the cinnamon bark and the schisandra chinensis at the constant temperature of 40 ℃, respectively putting the dried substances into an airflow crusher special for MKL-QL-1 traditional Chinese medicine (Ming Hu Bei Lu No. 21 of an Anchu economic development area in Weifang city in Shandong province and produced by Shandong Mokeli powder technology and equipment limited company) to be crushed into powder for later use, and then mixing the propolis, the lucid ganoderma powder, the cinnamon bark powder and the schisandra chinensis powder according to the mass ratio of 5: 45: 30: 20, adding 8kg of clean water into a container, boiling for 45 minutes, cooling to room temperature, and filtering with common medical cotton yarn to obtain filtrate for later use. When in use, the concentration is preferably 450g/666.7m2A Chinese medicinal preparation for improving quality of tobacco plant health promotion tobacco leaf is prepared by adding penetrant calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate 15g/666.7m2Mixing, adding clean water 30kg/666.7m2Spraying the foliage once every 15 days.
2. The material is cheap. The market price of the propolis is 300-.
3. The tobacco leaf curing agent has the greatest characteristics that 1) the tobacco leaf spraying and absorbing are carried out on the basis of the traditional Chinese medicine theory of reasonable matching of Chinese medicinal materials and the physiological and biochemical characteristics similar to organisms on the basis of the traditional food and drug homology in China, the traditional Chinese medicinal materials with the function of improving the physiological functions of organisms are reasonably matched, the traditional Chinese medicinal materials are combined according to the traditional Chinese medicine decoction method, the physiological structural characteristics of plant leaves are combined, the traditional Chinese medicine preparation containing various nutrient components is sprayed and absorbed on the leaf surface and is utilized, the resistance of the tobacco plant to adverse environmental conditions and diseases is improved by improving the resistance of the tobacco plant, the maturity resistance and baking resistance of the tobacco leaf and the quality of the tobacco leaf are improved, 2) the corilagin, flavonoid phenethyl caffeic acid, terpenoid substance, various amino acids and trace elements contained in natural propolis, the ganoderma polysaccharide, the ganoderma lucidum acid, adenosine, 10 kinds of cellulose, oleic acid, the chlorophyll, the cinnamon and the cinnamon aldehyde are utilized, the vitamin E, the cinnamon aldehyde, the cinnamon, the vitamin, the cinnamon, the benzoic acid, the cinnamon, the benzoic acid, the vitamin, the cinnamon, the vitamin, the cinnamon, the vitamin2+And Ca2+Are important second messengers in cells that mediate signalingThe transduction can relieve the damage of adversity stress to plants and enhance the stress resistance of tobacco plants. The use method of reasonably matching the raw materials and combining the traditional Chinese medicine preparation and the modern cultivation technology is essentially different from the use method of singly adding the aroma-enhancing substances in the prior invention.
4. The preparation method is simple and easy. The propolis, the ganoderma lucidum powder, the cinnamon powder and the schisandra chinensis powder are mixed according to a certain mass ratio, placed in a container fired by an iron pan or pottery clay, soaked in clean water of a certain mass for 4-6 hours, boiled and decocted for a certain time by warm fire to prepare the cost preparation, and then the calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is added according to a certain ratio, and mixed with a certain amount of water to be sprayed on the leaf surfaces.
5. Is environment-friendly and safe. The material of the invention is mainly derived from natural Chinese medicinal materials which can be eaten by human beings, thus being safe and reliable; meanwhile, the stress resistance of tobacco plants is improved, so that the use of field pesticides can be reduced to a certain extent, the safety of tobacco leaves is facilitated, and the harm of pesticide use to the environment is reduced.
Note that:
1. according to the reasonable preparation proportion of the propolis, the ganoderma lucidum powder, the cinnamon powder and the schisandra chinensis powder, the boiling time is controlled within a proper range so as to avoid boiling to be dry.
2. When in use, the added calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate is controlled within a reasonable dosage range and can not be too little or excessive.
3. When the foliage spray is carried out in the field, the foliage spray is carried out after 4 pm in a sunny day or in a cloudy day when the tobacco leaves have no water drops, and the front and the back of the leaves are sprayed, so that the effect is better.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the following examples are intended to further illustrate the invention without limiting it.
The traditional Chinese medicine preparation for health care and quality improvement of tobacco adopted in the following embodiment is prepared from propolis, ganoderma lucidum powder, cinnamon powder and schisandra chinensis powder according to the mass ratio of 5: 45: 30: 20, adding 135g of mixture into a container, soaking for 4-6 hours by adding 8kg of clean water, boiling for 45 minutes, cooling to room temperature, and filtering with common medical cotton yarn to obtain filtrate for later use.
Example 1:
in 2015, a test flue-cured tobacco variety Yunyan 87 was tested, and a comparative test of two treatments, spray and no spray (control), was performed, in which: treatment 1: 400g of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for health care and quality improvement of tobacco and 15g of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate are mixed with clean water to prepare a solution with the concentration of 1.5 percent of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for health care and quality improvement of tobacco for 35 days, 45 days, 60 days and 70 days after transplantation, and the solution is sprayed on leaf surfaces; treatment 2 (control): spraying clean water with the same quality.
In the field, in combination with local common peak periods of the climate spots, brown spots, common mosaic diseases and black stem diseases, 3 points are randomly selected for each treatment, 50 plants are randomly investigated at each point, the number of the plants suffering from the diseases is investigated, and then the plant rate and the disease index of the diseases are calculated; when the tobacco is harvested and baked in a mature mode, each treatment is single harvest and single baking, classification is carried out after baking, the grade proportion of the tobacco leaves and the yield of the tobacco leaves are calculated, and the yield value is calculated according to the acquisition price of the current year; taking 0.5kg of each of B2F and C3F tobacco leaf samples, and performing main chemical component content detection and main aroma substance total amount analysis detection (employing phenethyl acetate as an internal standard, and performing aroma substance total amount determination by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/selective ion monitoring (GC-MS/SIM)).
As can be seen from Table 1, the plant incidence rates of the climatic leaf spot, the brown spot, the common mosaic and the black stem of field tobacco leaves after the treatment of the invention are 5.3%, 3.45%, 7.1% and 3.31% lower than that of the treatment 2 (control) in sequence for the treatment 1, and 1.78, 2.18, 3.2 and 3.51 lower than that of the treatment 2 (control) in sequence for the disease index treatment 1.
TABLE 1 different treatment of main diseases and diseases of field tobacco
Figure BDA0001434346910000061
As can be seen from Table 2, the economic trait indexes of tobacco leaf include the upper and middle tobacco ratio, the upper tobacco ratio, the average price, the yield and the output value, wherein the treatment 1 is 5.0%, 3.6%, 2.19 yuan/kg and 91.2kg/hm which are higher than the treatment 2 (comparison) in sequence24999.47 yuan/hm2。
TABLE 2 Main economic character indexes of tobacco leaves treated differently
Figure BDA0001434346910000062
As can be seen from Table 3, the total content of petroleum ether extract, carotenoid aroma substance, degradation product, solanone, non-enzymatic browning reaction product, aromatic amino acid cracking product, neophytadiene and neutral aroma substance in the main aroma of tobacco leaves B2F are respectively 0.35%, 2.00. mu.g/g, 10.7. mu.g/g, 10.6. mu.g/g, 9.90. mu.g/g, 5.80. mu.g/g, 366.8. mu.g/g and 412.5. mu.g/g higher than those of treatment 2 (control) in sequence in treatment 1.
The total content of main aroma substances of tobacco leaves, namely petroleum ether extract, the total content of carotenoid aroma substances, the total content of degradation products, the total content of solanone, the total content of non-enzymatic browning reaction products, the total content of aromatic amino acid cracking products, the total content of neophytadiene and the total content of neutral aroma substances of C3F are respectively 0.38 percent, 1.90 mu g/g, 8.80 mu g/g, 9.90 mu g/g, 6.60 mu g/g, 4.5 mu g/g, 359.6 mu g/g and 434.5 mu g/g higher than that of treatment 2 (comparison).
From the disease investigation in the field, the main economic character indexes of the tobacco leaves and the comparison of the total content of the main grade aroma substances of the tobacco leaves, the tobacco leaves treated by the tobacco leaf fertilizer have the advantages that the stress resistance in the field is greatly improved, the yield of the tobacco leaves is greatly increased, and the quality of the tobacco leaves is better improved.
TABLE 3 Total amount of different treated petroleum ether extracts, carotenoid aromas and degradation products, solanone, non-enzymatic browning reaction products, aromatic amino acid cleavage products, neutral aroma substances
Figure BDA0001434346910000071
Test 2:
in 2016, test flue-cured tobacco variety Xiangyan No. 5, a comparative test of two treatments, spray and no spray (control), was carried out, in which: treatment 1: 30 days, 45 days, 60 days and 75 days after transplanting, 450g of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for improving the health care of the tobacco and 12g of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate are mixed with clean water to prepare a solution with the concentration of 1.6 percent of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for improving the health care of the tobacco, and the solution is sprayed on the leaves; treatment 2 (control): spraying clean water with the same quality.
In the field, combining the local common outbreak peak periods of brown spot, climatic spot, common mosaic disease and black stem disease, randomly selecting 3 points for each treatment, randomly investigating 50 plants at each point, investigating the number of the outbreak plants, and then calculating the outbreak plant rate and the disease index; when the tobacco is harvested and baked in a mature mode, each treatment is single harvest and single baking, classification is carried out after baking, the grade proportion of the tobacco leaves and the yield of the tobacco leaves are calculated, and the yield value is calculated according to the acquisition price of the current year; taking 0.5kg of each of B2F and C3F tobacco leaves to perform main chemical component content detection and analysis and detection of the total amount of main aroma substances (the total amount of the aroma substances is determined by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/selective ion monitoring (GC-MS/SIM) by taking phenethyl acetate as an internal standard).
As can be seen from Table 4, the plant incidence rates of the climatic leaf spot, brown spot, general mosaic and black stem of field tobacco leaves after the treatment of the present invention were 8.7%, 5.78%, 5.65% and 3.08% lower in the treatment 1 than the treatment 2 (control), and the disease index treatment 1 was 5.15, 3.56, 3.11 and 3.13 lower in the treatment 2 (control).
TABLE 4 different treatment of main diseases and diseases of field tobacco
Figure BDA0001434346910000072
Figure BDA0001434346910000081
As can be seen from Table 5, the economic trait indexes of tobacco leaf include the upper and middle tobacco ratio, the upper tobacco ratio, the average price, the yield and the output value, wherein the treatment 1 is 4.5%, 3.2%, 1.12 yuan/kg and 91.2kg/hm which are higher than the treatment 2 (comparison) in sequence24882.98 yuan/hm2。
TABLE 5 Main economic character indexes of tobacco leaves treated differently
Figure BDA0001434346910000082
As can be seen from Table 6, the total content of petroleum ether extract, carotenoid aroma substance, degradation product, solanone, non-enzymatic browning reaction product, aromatic amino acid cracking product, neophytadiene and neutral aroma substance in the main aroma of tobacco leaf B2F are respectively 0.45%, 2.10. mu.g/g, 10.9. mu.g/g, 9.7. mu.g/g, 9.30. mu.g/g, 5.60. mu.g/g, 360.8. mu.g/g and 400.5. mu.g/g higher than those of treatment 2 (control) in sequence in treatment 1.
C3F total content of main aroma substance petroleum ether extract, total content of carotenoid aroma substance, total content of degradation product, total content of solanone, total content of non-enzymatic browning reaction product, total content of aromatic amino acid cracking product, total content of neophytadiene and total content of neutral aroma substance in tobacco leaf, wherein the ratio of treatment 1 to treatment 2 (comparison) is respectively 0.38%, 1.50 μ g/g, 9.0 μ g/g, 9.90 μ g/g, 6.50 μ g/g, 3.90 μ g/g, 340.6 μ g/g and 430.5 μ g/g.
Similarly, from field disease investigation in 2016 experiments, main economic character indexes of tobacco leaves and comparison of total content of main-grade aroma substances of the tobacco leaves, the tobacco leaves treated by the tobacco leaf treatment agent have the advantages that the field stress resistance is greatly improved, the tobacco leaf yield is greatly increased, and the tobacco leaf quality is well improved.
TABLE 6 Total amount of petroleum ether extract, carotenoid aroma and degradation products, solanone, non-enzymatic browning reaction product, aromatic amino acid cleavage product, neutral aroma substances, treated differently
Figure BDA0001434346910000083
Figure BDA0001434346910000091

Claims (6)

1. The application of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for health care and quality improvement of tobacco is characterized in that the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for health care and quality improvement of tobacco is sprayed on the leaf surfaces of planted tobacco; the Chinese medicinal preparation for promoting tobacco health and improving quality is aqueous solution prepared from propolis, Ganoderma, cortex Cinnamomi Japonici, and fructus Schisandrae; the mass ratio of propolis, ganoderma lucidum, cassia bark and schisandra chinensis is 1-10: 20-50: 25-45: 15-35; mixing the raw materials, soaking in clean water at a mass ratio of 1:50-100 for 4-6h, boiling, decocting with slow fire for 45 min, cooling to room temperature, and filtering to obtain filtrate; the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for health care and quality improvement of tobacco can improve the resistance of tobacco to alternaria leaf, climatic spot, black stem and common mosaic, improve the quality and yield of tobacco leaves, and increase the content of the tobacco leaves, including: the content of aromatic substances including petroleum ether extract, carotenoid aroma substances, degradation products, solanone, non-enzymatic browning reaction products, aromatic amino acid cracking products, neophytadiene and neutral aroma substances.
2. The application of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for health care and quality improvement of tobacco as claimed in claim 1, wherein the propolis is natural propolis, the ganoderma lucidum is artificially cultivated and produced, and the cinnamon is natural cinnamon bark.
3. The application of the tobacco health-care quality-improving traditional Chinese medicine preparation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ganoderma lucidum, the cinnamon and the schisandra chinensis are crushed to 150-mesh and 250-mesh.
4. The application of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for health care and quality improvement of tobacco as claimed in claim 1, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for health care and quality improvement of tobacco is added with calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, then added with water and stirred uniformly for use.
5. The use of the Chinese medicinal preparation for improving tobacco health and quality as claimed in claim 4, wherein the amount of the Chinese medicinal preparation for improving tobacco health and quality is 300-1000 g/666.67 m210-25g/666.7m of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate2The amount is used; after water is added, the concentration of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for improving the health care and quality of the tobacco is 1.0-3.0%.
6. The application of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for health care and quality improvement of tobacco according to claim 5, characterized in that spraying is carried out on the leaf surface 30 days after the transplantation of tobacco leaves, and the spraying is carried out once every 10-20 days for 2-5 times.
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