A kind of production method of cultivating dogwood mushroom
technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of new function type edible mushroom and production method thereof, particularly a kind of with discarded dogwood kernel and not good cornus fruit for raw material and a kind of production method of cultivating dogwood mushroom of developing.
background technology:
China is Edible Fungi big country, and the annual production of edible mushroom fresh goods has reached more than 1,000 ten thousand tons, accounts for 2/3 of world's total amount.Edible Fungi has become the rural area three industries of laying equal stress on plant husbandry, aquaculture, is the important channel of China mountain area or poverty-stricken area peasant programme.But, there is the serious phenomenon such as forest tree resource consumption is large, product function is single, economic benefit is low, output ratio reversal of the natural order of things in China's Edible Fungi.The vicious circle that mushroom industry has in fact stepped into and spelled resource, spell consumption, low output.According to statistics, China in 2006 is used for the forest consumption that " the raw bacterium of wood " produce and reaches 3,800 ten thousand m
3, cause the felling of serious forest tree resource, the destruction of ecotope and secondary disaster and take place frequently, " bacterium woods contradiction " becomes increasingly conspicuous.For promoting Edible Fungi Industry Development, utilize novel culture medium, creative research and development functional form edible mushroom, improves edible fungus quality and economic benefit, has become the problem being badly in need of exploring and solving.
China is again medicinal plant plantation and processing and utilization big country simultaneously, and produce medicinal plant per year and account for 2/3 of world's total amount, the medicinal plant developed reaches 11118 kinds.Due to China's botanical herbs mainly draw materials root, stem, leaf, flower, really, core, skin etc. are used as medicine for raw material, therefore in production and process, create a large amount of residues to go out of use, so far do not obtain scientific and effective exploitation, the wasting of resources of medicinal plant residue is huge.Modern science proves, and most medicinal plant residue contains the abundant active ingredient being of value to health, provides scientific basis and sufficient raw material for developing.
Dogwood be China tradition rare traditional Chinese medicine, with ripe cornus fruit abandon core dry after pulp be used as medicine, have natural distribution, main product Henan, Zhejiang, Shaanxi in China ten provinces.Songxian, Henan Volt-second product is China mushroom traditional cultivation ground, Ye Shi China rare traditional Chinese medicine dogwood main product ground, and after annual cornus fruit maturation is gathered, Volt-second product farm-to-market road both sides, Songxian County is seen everywhere a large amount of discarded dogwood kernel.According to statistics, Funiu Mountain In Henan Province district is dogwood main producing region, and annual discarded dogwood kernel about 6500 tons, about 2.1 ten thousand tons, whole nation dogwood kernel goes out of use.These dogwood kernel gone out of use, not only cause the serious waste of medicinal plant dogwood residue resource, also cause a large amount of flies, mosquito, are seriously degrading local hygienic conditions.For this reason, inventor cultivates functional form mushroom technology to dogwood residue dogwood kernel and researches and develops, and achieves good effect.
summary of the invention:
In sum, in order to alleviate " the bacterium woods contradiction " that becomes increasingly conspicuous, science, effectively utilize medicinal plant residue, solve the technical problem existed in actual production.The present invention have developed a kind of production method of cultivating dogwood mushroom.It is the outstanding problem for existing in Edible Fungi, utilizes dogwood kernel for main raw material(s), a kind of new function type edible mushroom " dogwood mushroom " human body being had more to health cultivated.By to " dogwood mushroom " effective substance and comparative analysis, find in " dogwood mushroom " containing the active ingredient being conducive to health in the dogwood such as ursolic acid.Ursolic acid has anticancer, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, transaminase lowering, cooling and the effect such as stable; Can be used as the emulsifier of medicine, food; Animal experiment proves, ursolic acid has antidiabetic effect, has obvious humidification to the phagocytic function of normal mouse macrophage.For the research and development utilizing medicinal plant residue to cultivate functional form edible mushroom provide highly effective approach and Research Thinking.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
Cultivate a production method for dogwood mushroom, the method comprises the following steps:
The first step, culture medium raw material are collected: the rear sorting of, harvesting ripe at cornus fruit, during stoning, collect the dogwood kernel and not good cornus fruit that go out of use, the dogwood kernel of collection and cornus fruit are dried respectively to moisture content 8.0% ~ 12.0%, is placed in drying, the storage of shady and cool place;
Second step, preparation medium: by the percentage by weight of dried feed, getting dogwood kernel 40 ~ 65%, cornus fruit 8 ~ 15%, broadleaf wood chip 10 ~ 20%, wheat bran 15 ~ 20%, land plaster 1 ~ 3% and sucrose 1 ~ 2% is respectively culture medium raw material; By weight the dogwood kernel after weighing being placed in after clear water soaks 20 ~ 24 hours, take out the dogwood kernel after soaking and after cornus fruit mixes, piles up and display 2 ~ 3 hours, again by weight by broadleaf wood chip, wheat bran, land plaster, sucrose adds and fully mixes, mix and obtain described medium, slowly clear water is added again in medium, medium and water mix according to weight ratio 1 ︰ 1.1 ~ 1.5, after accumulation is displayed 0.5 hour, conveniently method for cultivating mushroom carries out packing, sterilizing, cooling, inoculation, bacteria, urges mushroom and gather;
Prepared by the 3rd step, nutrient solution: by the cornus fruit after drying, pulverizing, glossy privet fruit, Chinese herbaceous peony cauline leaf, matrimony vine branches and leaves, flower bud of lily magnolia leaf mixes by the weight ratio of real ︰ Chinese herbaceous peony stem leaf ︰ matrimony vine branches and leaves ︰ flower bud of lily magnolia leaf=2 ~ 4 ︰ 1 ~ 2 ︰ 2 ︰ 1 ~ 3 ︰ 2 of the real ︰ glossy privet fruit of dogwood fruit, obtains mixture; Then add clear water according to 30 ~ 40 times of ratios of mixture weight and carry out decoction 1 ~ 2 hour, naturally cool, filter to obtain nutrient solution;
4th step, nutrient solution inject and supplement: before urging mushroom 5 ~ 8 days, and the nutrient solution of gained after filtering was injected bacterium bag in 8 hours, and every bag of amount at every turn injecting nutrient solution is 0.2 ~ 0.8kg; Or urge need to keep the skin wet between mushroom to picking time time, substitute clear water with nutrient solution and supplement;
5th step, nutrient solution immerse and supplement: after each tide results of mushroom, bacterium rod is immersed nutrient solution 24 hours, and after taking out, insulation urges mushroom, next damp mushroom of just can gathering after 10 ~ 12 days in time.
Further, cornus fruit in the 3rd described step, glossy privet fruit, Chinese herbaceous peony cauline leaf, matrimony vine branches and leaves, flower bud of lily magnolia leaf is ground into the particle of 0.1mm ~ 0.5mm respectively.
Further, after each tide results of described mushroom, refer to that one batch of mushroom can gather in the crops to obtain 3 ~ 4 tides.
The dogwood mushroom that the present invention cultivates takes full advantage of China's traditional plant Chinese medicine residue dogwood kernel and not good cornus fruit, the precious resources such as glossy privet fruit, Chinese herbaceous peony cauline leaf, matrimony vine branches and leaves, flower bud of lily magnolia leaf, open up the new way of dogwood kernel comprehensive utilization, a kind of novel green health food is provided to people, the beneficial functions that the mushroom improving traditional cultivation mode ensures health, reduce mushroom and cultivate the dependence to forest and the destruction to the forest resources, the research and development for China's pollution-free food, healthy food provide new approaches.
good effect of the present invention is:
1, the present invention take dogwood kernel as cultivating champignon primary raw material, provide conveniently for mountain area cultivating champignon raw material obtains, decrease whole demonstration area dogwood kernel residue huge waste and the felling of a large amount of forest tree resource, effectively improve local hygienic conditions, for the exploitation of China's rare traditional Chinese medicine residue dogwood kernel provides practicable convenient approach.
2, the present invention cultivates succeeding in developing of the production method of dogwood mushroom, take full advantage of rare traditional Chinese medicine dogwood kernel (fruit containing not good), glossy privet fruit, Chinese herbaceous peony cauline leaf, matrimony vine branches and leaves, the residue precious resources such as flower bud of lily magnolia leaf, provide a kind of to people and have more healthy pollution-free food, new approaches have been opened up in the research and development for China's pollution-free food, healthy food.
3, the present invention cultivates in the production method of dogwood mushroom, series of steps such as " the nutrient solution prescription processes of preparing Chinese medicine ", " nutrient solution injection " and " nutrient solution immersion " of employing, and not only convenient, but also feasible, favourable mushroom agriculture is grasped and implemented.The more important thing is the active ingredient enriched in medium, make mushroom product have more health to human body.
embodiment:
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
embodiment 1:
Cultivate a production method for dogwood mushroom, the method comprises the following steps:
The first step, culture medium raw material are collected: the rear sorting of, harvesting ripe at cornus fruit, during stoning, collect the dogwood kernel and not good cornus fruit that go out of use, the dogwood kernel of collection and cornus fruit are dried respectively to moisture content 8.0%, be placed in drying, the storage of shady and cool place;
Second step, preparation medium: according to the percentage by weight of siccative, getting dogwood kernel 65%, cornus fruit 8%, broadleaf wood chip 10%, wheat bran 15%, land plaster 1% and sucrose 1% is respectively culture medium raw material; Soak 24 hours by weight the dogwood kernel after weighing is placed in clear water, take out the dogwood kernel after soaking and after cornus fruit mixes, piles up and display 2 hours, again by weight by broadleaf wood chip, wheat bran, land plaster, sucrose adds and fully mixes, mix and obtain described medium, slowly clear water is added again in medium, medium and water mix according to weight ratio 1 ︰ 1.1, after accumulation is displayed 0.5 hour, conveniently method for cultivating mushroom carries out packing, sterilizing, cooling, inoculation, bacteria, urges mushroom and gather;
Prepared by the 3rd step, nutrient solution: by the cornus fruit after drying, pulverizing, glossy privet fruit, Chinese herbaceous peony cauline leaf, matrimony vine branches and leaves, flower bud of lily magnolia leaf mixes by the weight ratio of real ︰ Chinese herbaceous peony stem leaf ︰ matrimony vine branches and leaves ︰ flower bud of lily magnolia leaf=2 ︰ 2 ︰ 2 ︰ 2 ︰ 2 of the real ︰ glossy privet fruit of dogwood fruit, obtains mixture; Then add clear water according to 30 times of ratios of mixture weight and carry out decoction 1 hour, naturally cool, filter to obtain nutrient solution;
4th step, nutrient solution inject and supplement: urging mushroom first 5 days, and the nutrient solution filtering rear gained was injected bacterium bag in 8 hours, and every bag of amount at every turn injecting nutrient solution is 0.28kg; Or urge need to keep the skin wet between mushroom to picking time time, substitute clear water with nutrient solution and supplement;
5th step, nutrient solution immerse and supplement: after each tide results of mushroom, bacterium rod is immersed nutrient solution 24 hours, and after taking out, insulation urges mushroom, next damp mushroom of just can gathering after 10 ~ 12 days in time.
embodiment 2:
Cultivate a production method for dogwood mushroom, the method comprises the following steps:
The first step, culture medium raw material are collected: the rear sorting of, harvesting ripe at cornus fruit, during stoning, collect the dogwood kernel and not good cornus fruit that go out of use, the dogwood kernel of collection and cornus fruit are dried respectively to moisture content 10.0%, be placed in drying, the storage of shady and cool place;
Second step, preparation medium: according to the percentage by weight of siccative, getting dogwood kernel 60%, cornus fruit 10%, broadleaf wood chip 13%, wheat bran 15%, land plaster 1% and sucrose 1% is respectively culture medium raw material; Soak 23 hours by weight the dogwood kernel after weighing is placed in clear water, take out the dogwood kernel after soaking and after cornus fruit mixes, piles up and display 2.5 hours, again by weight by broadleaf wood chip, wheat bran, land plaster, sucrose adds and fully mixes, mix and obtain described medium, slowly clear water is added again in medium, medium and water mix according to weight ratio 1 ︰ 1.5, after accumulation is displayed 0.5 hour, conveniently method for cultivating mushroom carries out packing, sterilizing, cooling, inoculation, bacteria, urges mushroom and gather;
Prepared by the 3rd step, nutrient solution: by the cornus fruit after drying, pulverizing, glossy privet fruit, Chinese herbaceous peony cauline leaf, matrimony vine branches and leaves, flower bud of lily magnolia leaf mixes by the weight ratio of real ︰ Chinese herbaceous peony stem leaf ︰ matrimony vine branches and leaves ︰ flower bud of lily magnolia leaf=2.5 ︰ 2 ︰ 2 ︰ 1.5 ︰ 2 of the real ︰ glossy privet fruit of dogwood fruit, obtains mixture; Then add clear water according to 35 times of ratios of mixture weight and carry out decoction 1.5 hours, naturally cool, filter to obtain nutrient solution;
4th step, nutrient solution inject and supplement: urging mushroom first 7 days, and the nutrient solution filtering rear gained was injected bacterium bag in 6 hours, and every bag of amount at every turn injecting nutrient solution is 0.4kg; Or urge need to keep the skin wet between mushroom to picking time time, substitute clear water with nutrient solution and supplement;
5th step, nutrient solution immerse and supplement: after each tide results of mushroom, bacterium rod is immersed nutrient solution 24 hours, and after taking out, insulation urges mushroom, next damp mushroom of just can gathering after 10 ~ 12 days in time.
embodiment 3:
Cultivate a production method for dogwood mushroom, the method comprises the following steps:
The first step, culture medium raw material are collected: the rear sorting of, harvesting ripe at cornus fruit, during stoning, collect the dogwood kernel and not good cornus fruit that go out of use, the dogwood kernel of collection and cornus fruit are dried respectively to moisture content 12.0%, be placed in drying, the storage of shady and cool place;
Second step, preparation medium: according to siccative percentage by weight, getting dogwood kernel 60%, cornus fruit 15%, broadleaf wood chip 13%, wheat bran 20%, land plaster 1% and sucrose 1% is respectively culture medium raw material; Soak 24 hours by weight the dogwood kernel after weighing is placed in clear water, take out the dogwood kernel after soaking and after cornus fruit mixes, piles up and display 3 hours, again by weight by broadleaf wood chip, wheat bran, land plaster, sucrose adds and fully mixes, mix and obtain described medium, slowly clear water is added again in medium, medium and water mix according to weight ratio 1 ︰ 1.2, after accumulation is displayed 0.5 hour, conveniently method for cultivating mushroom carries out packing, sterilizing, cooling, inoculation, bacteria, urges mushroom and gather;
Prepared by the 3rd step, nutrient solution: by the cornus fruit after drying, pulverizing, glossy privet fruit, Chinese herbaceous peony cauline leaf, matrimony vine branches and leaves, flower bud of lily magnolia leaf mixes by the weight ratio of real ︰ Chinese herbaceous peony stem leaf ︰ matrimony vine branches and leaves ︰ flower bud of lily magnolia leaf=2.5 ︰ 1.5 ︰ 2 ︰ 2 ︰ 2 of the real ︰ glossy privet fruit of dogwood fruit, obtains mixture; Then add clear water according to 38 times of ratios of mixture weight and carry out decoction 1.5 hours, naturally cool, filter to obtain nutrient solution;
4th step, nutrient solution inject and supplement: urging mushroom first 8 days, and the nutrient solution filtering rear gained was injected bacterium bag in 8 hours, and every bag of amount at every turn injecting nutrient solution is 0.6kg; Or urge need to keep the skin wet between mushroom to picking time time, substitute clear water with nutrient solution and supplement;
5th step, nutrient solution immerse and supplement: after each tide results of mushroom, bacterium rod is immersed nutrient solution 24 hours, and after taking out, insulation urges mushroom, next damp mushroom of just can gathering after 10 ~ 12 days in time.
embodiment 4:
Cultivate a production method for dogwood mushroom, the method comprises the following steps:
The first step, culture medium raw material are collected: the rear sorting of, harvesting ripe at cornus fruit, during stoning, collect the dogwood kernel and not good cornus fruit that go out of use, the dogwood kernel of collection and cornus fruit are dried respectively to moisture content 11.0%, be placed in drying, the storage of shady and cool place;
Second step, preparation medium: according to siccative percentage by weight, getting dogwood kernel 40%, cornus fruit 15%, broadleaf wood chip 20%, wheat bran 20%, land plaster 3% and sucrose 2% is respectively culture medium raw material; Soak 23 hours by weight the dogwood kernel after weighing is placed in clear water, take out the dogwood kernel after soaking and after cornus fruit mixes, piles up and display 3 hours, again by weight by broadleaf wood chip, wheat bran, land plaster, sucrose adds and fully mixes, mix and obtain described medium, slowly clear water is added again in medium, medium and water mix according to weight ratio 1 ︰ 1.3, after accumulation is displayed 0.5 hour, conveniently method for cultivating mushroom carries out packing, sterilizing, cooling, inoculation, bacteria, urges mushroom and gather;
Prepared by the 3rd step, nutrient solution: by the cornus fruit after drying, pulverizing, glossy privet fruit, Chinese herbaceous peony cauline leaf, matrimony vine branches and leaves, flower bud of lily magnolia leaf mixes by the weight ratio of real ︰ Chinese herbaceous peony stem leaf ︰ matrimony vine branches and leaves ︰ flower bud of lily magnolia leaf=2 ︰ 1.5 ︰ 2 ︰ 2.5 ︰ 2 of the real ︰ glossy privet fruit of dogwood fruit, obtains mixture; Then add clear water according to 40 times of ratios of mixture weight and carry out decoction 2 hours, naturally cool, filter to obtain nutrient solution;
4th step, nutrient solution inject and supplement: urging mushroom first 6 days, and the nutrient solution filtering rear gained was injected bacterium bag in 8 hours, and every bag of amount at every turn injecting nutrient solution is 0.8kg; Or urge need to keep the skin wet between mushroom to picking time time, substitute clear water with nutrient solution and supplement;
5th step, nutrient solution immerse and supplement: after each tide results of mushroom, bacterium rod is immersed nutrient solution 24 hours, and after taking out, insulation urges mushroom, next damp mushroom of just can gathering after 10 ~ 12 days in time.