background technology:
China is Edible Fungi big country, and the annual production of edible mushroom fresh goods has reached more than 1,000 ten thousand tons, accounts for 2/3 of world's total amount.Edible Fungi has become the rural area three industries of laying equal stress on plant husbandry, aquaculture, is the important channel of China mountain area or poverty-stricken area peasant programme.Yet, in China's Edible Fungi, exist the serious phenomenons such as forest tree resource consumption is large, product function is single, economic benefit is low, output ratio reversal of the natural order of things.The vicious circle that mushroom industry has in fact stepped into and spelled resource, spelled consumption, low output.According to statistics, China in 2006 reaches 3,800 ten thousand m for the forest consumption of " the raw bacterium of wood " production
3, caused serious forest tree resource felling, destruction and the secondary disaster of ecotope to take place frequently, " bacterium woods contradiction " becomes increasingly conspicuous.For promoting Edible Fungi Industry Development, utilize novel culture medium, creative research and development functional form edible mushroom, improves edible fungus quality and economic benefit, the problem that has become urgent need to explore and solve.
China is again medicinal plant plantation and processing and utilization big country simultaneously, produces medicinal plant per year and accounts for 2/3 of world's total amount, and the medicinal plant having developed reaches 11118 kinds.Due to China's botanical herbs mainly draw materials root, stem, leaf, flower, really, core, skin etc. is used as medicine for raw material, therefore in production and process, having produced a large amount of residues goes out of use, so far do not obtain scientific and effective exploitation, the waste of medicinal plant residue resource is huge.Modern science proves, and most medicinal plant residues contain the abundant active ingredient that is of value to health, for developing, provides scientific basis and sufficient raw material.
Dogwood is China tradition rare traditional Chinese medicine, and the pulp after abandoning core and dry with ripe cornus fruit is used as medicine, and in ten provinces of China, has natural distribution, main product Henan, Zhejiang, Shaanxi.Funiu Shan Mountain district, Songxian, Henan is China mushroom traditional cultivation ground, Ye Shi China rare traditional Chinese medicine dogwood main product ground, after annual cornus fruit maturation is gathered, and farm-to-market road both sides, Funiu Shan Mountain district, Songxian County a large amount of discarded dogwood fruit stones that are seen everywhere.According to statistics, Funiu Mountain In Henan Province district is dogwood main producing region, approximately 6500 tons of annual discarded dogwood fruit stones, and the approximately 2.1 ten thousand tons of dogwood fruit stones in the whole nation go out of use.The dogwood fruit stone that these go out of use, has not only caused the serious waste of medicinal plant dogwood residue resource, also causes a large amount of flies, mosquito, has seriously worsened local hygienic conditions.For this reason, inventor cultivates functional form mushroom technology to dogwood residue dogwood fruit stone and researches and develops, and has obtained good effect.
summary of the invention:
In sum, in order to alleviate " the bacterium woods contradiction " becoming increasingly conspicuous, science, effectively utilize medicinal plant residue, solve the technical problem existing in actual production.The present invention has developed a kind of production method of cultivating dogwood mushroom.It is for the outstanding problem existing in Edible Fungi, utilizes dogwood fruit stone for main raw material(s), and that cultivates a kind ofly has more healthy new function type edible mushroom " dogwood mushroom " to human body.By to " dogwood mushroom " effective substance and comparative analysis, find to contain the active ingredient that is conducive to health in the dogwood such as ursolic acid in " dogwood mushroom ".That ursolic acid has is anticancer, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, transaminase lowering, cooling and the effect such as stable; Can be used as the emulsifier of medicine, food; Animal experiment proves, ursolic acid has antidiabetic effect, and the phagocytic function of normal mouse macrophage is had to obvious humidification.For the research and development that utilize medicinal plant residue to cultivate functional form edible mushroom provide highly effective approach and Research Thinking.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A production method of cultivating dogwood mushroom, the method comprises the following steps:
The first step, culture medium raw material are collected:, harvesting rear sorting ripe at cornus fruit, during stoning, the dogwood fruit stone that collection goes out of use and the not good cornus fruit of product picture, the dogwood fruit stone of collection and cornus fruit are dried respectively to moisture content 8.0% ~ 12.0%, be placed in dry, shady and cool place and store;
Second step, preparation medium: by the percentage by weight of dried feed, get respectively dogwood fruit stone 40 ~ 65%, cornus fruit 8 ~ 15%, broadleaf wood chip 10 ~ 20%, wheat bran 15 ~ 20%, land plaster 1 ~ 3% and sucrose 1 ~ 2% for culture medium raw material; By weight being placed in to clear water, soaks after 20 ~ 24 hours the dogwood fruit stone after weighing, the dogwood fruit stone and the cornus fruit that take out after soaking mix, pile up and display after 2 ~ 3 hours, again by weight by broadleaf wood chip, wheat bran, land plaster, sucrose adds and fully mixes, mix and obtain described medium, in medium, slowly add clear water again, medium and water mix according to weight ratio 1 ︰ 1.1~1.5, after accumulation is displayed 0.5 hour, according to conventional method for cultivating mushroom, pack, sterilizing, cooling, inoculation, bacteria, urge mushroom and gather;
The 3rd step, nutrient solution preparation: by the cornus fruit after drying, pulverizing, glossy privet fruit, Chinese herbaceous peony cauline leaf, matrimony vine branches and leaves, flower bud of lily magnolia leaf mixes by the weight ratio of real ︰ Chinese herbaceous peony stem leaf ︰ matrimony vine branches and leaves ︰ flower bud of lily magnolia leaf=2 ~ 4 ︰ of the real ︰ glossy privet fruit of dogwood fruit 1 ~ 2 ︰ 2 ︰ 1 ~ 3 ︰ 2, obtains mixture; Then according to 30~40 times of ratios of mixture weight, add clear water and decoct 1 ~ 2 hour, naturally cooling, filter to obtain nutrient solution;
The 4th step, nutrient solution are injected and are supplemented: before urging mushroom 5 ~ 8 days, the nutrient solution of gained after filtering was injected to bacterium bag in 8 hours, and every bag of each amount of injecting nutrient solution is 0.2 ~ 0.8kg; Or urging mushroom when needing between picking time to supplement moisture content, with nutrient solution, substitute clear water and supplement;
The 5th step, nutrient solution immerse and supplement: after each tide results of mushroom, bacterium rod is immersed to nutrient solution 24 hours, after taking out, insulation is in time urged mushroom, next damp mushroom of just can gathering after 10 ~ 12 days.
Further, cornus fruit in the 3rd described step, glossy privet fruit, Chinese herbaceous peony cauline leaf, matrimony vine branches and leaves, flower bud of lily magnolia leaf is ground into respectively the particle of 0.1mm ~ 0.5mm.
Further, after each tide results of described mushroom, refer to that one batch of mushroom can gather in the crops to obtain 3 ~ 4 tides.
The dogwood mushroom that the present invention cultivates takes full advantage of China's traditional plant Chinese medicine residue dogwood fruit stone and the not good cornus fruit of product picture, the precious resources such as glossy privet fruit, Chinese herbaceous peony cauline leaf, matrimony vine branches and leaves, flower bud of lily magnolia leaf, opened up the new way of dogwood fruit stone comprehensive utilization, to people, provide a kind of novel green health food, the beneficial functions that the mushroom that has promoted traditional cultivation mode ensures health, reduced mushroom and cultivated the dependence of forest and the destruction to the forest resources, for the research and development of China's pollution-free food, healthy food provide new approaches.
good effect of the present invention is:
1, the present invention be take dogwood fruit stone as cultivating champignon primary raw material, for obtaining, mountain area cultivating champignon raw material provides convenience, whole demonstration area dogwood fruit stone residue huge waste and a large amount of forest tree resource felling have been reduced, local hygienic conditions have effectively been improved, for the exploitation of China's rare traditional Chinese medicine residue dogwood fruit stone provides practicable convenient approach.
2, the present invention cultivates the succeeding in developing of production method of dogwood mushroom, take full advantage of rare traditional Chinese medicine dogwood fruit stone (containing the not good fruit of product picture), glossy privet fruit, Chinese herbaceous peony cauline leaf, matrimony vine branches and leaves, the residue precious resources such as flower bud of lily magnolia leaf, provide a kind of healthy pollution-free food that has more to people, for new approaches have been opened up in the research and development of China's pollution-free food, healthy food.
3, the present invention cultivates in the production method of dogwood mushroom, and the series of steps such as " the nutrient solution prescription process of preparing Chinese medicine " of employing, " nutrient solution injection " and " nutrient solution immersion " are convenient, feasible again, and favourable mushroom agriculture is grasped and implemented.The more important thing is and enriched the active ingredient in medium, make mushroom product have more health to human body.
embodiment:
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
embodiment 1:
A production method of cultivating dogwood mushroom, the method comprises the following steps:
The first step, culture medium raw material are collected:, harvesting rear sorting ripe at cornus fruit, during stoning, the dogwood fruit stone that collection goes out of use and the not good cornus fruit of product picture, dry respectively the dogwood fruit stone of collection and cornus fruit to moisture content 8.0%, is placed in dry, shady and cool place and stores;
Second step, preparation medium: according to the percentage by weight of siccative, getting respectively dogwood fruit stone 65%, cornus fruit 8 %, broadleaf wood chip 10 %, wheat bran 15 %, land plaster 1 % and sucrose 1 % is culture medium raw material; By weight being placed in to clear water, soaks 24 hours the dogwood fruit stone after weighing, the dogwood fruit stone and the cornus fruit that take out after soaking mix, pile up and display after 2 hours, again by weight by broadleaf wood chip, wheat bran, land plaster, sucrose adds and fully mixes, mix and obtain described medium, in medium, slowly add clear water again, medium and water mix according to weight ratio 1 ︰ 1.1, after accumulation is displayed 0.5 hour, according to conventional method for cultivating mushroom, pack, sterilizing, cooling, inoculation, bacteria, urge mushroom and gather;
The 3rd step, nutrient solution preparation: by the cornus fruit after drying, pulverizing, glossy privet fruit, Chinese herbaceous peony cauline leaf, matrimony vine branches and leaves, flower bud of lily magnolia leaf mixes by the weight ratio of real ︰ Chinese herbaceous peony stem leaf ︰ matrimony vine branches and leaves ︰ flower bud of lily magnolia leaf=2 ︰ of the real ︰ glossy privet fruit of dogwood fruit 2 ︰ 2 ︰ 2 ︰ 2, obtains mixture; Then according to 30 times of ratios of mixture weight, add clear water and decoct 1 hour, naturally cooling, filter to obtain nutrient solution;
The 4th step, nutrient solution inject and supplement: urging mushroom first 5 days, the nutrient solution of gained after filtering was injected to bacterium bag in 8 hours, every bag of each amount of injecting nutrient solution is 0.28kg; Or urging mushroom when needing between picking time to supplement moisture content, with nutrient solution, substitute clear water and supplement;
The 5th step, nutrient solution immerse and supplement: after each tide results of mushroom, bacterium rod is immersed to nutrient solution 24 hours, after taking out, insulation is in time urged mushroom, next damp mushroom of just can gathering after 10 ~ 12 days.
embodiment 2:
A production method of cultivating dogwood mushroom, the method comprises the following steps:
The first step, culture medium raw material are collected:, harvesting rear sorting ripe at cornus fruit, during stoning, the dogwood fruit stone that collection goes out of use and the not good cornus fruit of product picture, dry respectively the dogwood fruit stone of collection and cornus fruit to moisture content 10.0%, is placed in dry, shady and cool place and stores;
Second step, preparation medium: according to the percentage by weight of siccative, getting respectively dogwood fruit stone 60%, cornus fruit 10 %, broadleaf wood chip 13 %, wheat bran 15 %, land plaster 1 % and sucrose 1 % is culture medium raw material; By weight being placed in to clear water, soaks 23 hours the dogwood fruit stone after weighing, the dogwood fruit stone and the cornus fruit that take out after soaking mix, pile up and display after 2.5 hours, again by weight by broadleaf wood chip, wheat bran, land plaster, sucrose adds and fully mixes, mix and obtain described medium, in medium, slowly add clear water again, medium and water mix according to weight ratio 1 ︰ 1.5, after accumulation is displayed 0.5 hour, according to conventional method for cultivating mushroom, pack, sterilizing, cooling, inoculation, bacteria, urge mushroom and gather;
The 3rd step, nutrient solution preparation: by the cornus fruit after drying, pulverizing, glossy privet fruit, Chinese herbaceous peony cauline leaf, matrimony vine branches and leaves, flower bud of lily magnolia leaf mixes by the weight ratio of real ︰ Chinese herbaceous peony stem leaf ︰ matrimony vine branches and leaves ︰ flower bud of lily magnolia leaf=2.5 ︰ of the real ︰ glossy privet fruit of dogwood fruit 2 ︰ 2 ︰ 1.5 ︰ 2, obtains mixture; Then according to 35 times of ratios of mixture weight, add clear water and decoct 1.5 hours, naturally cooling, filter to obtain nutrient solution;
The 4th step, nutrient solution inject and supplement: urging mushroom first 7 days, the nutrient solution of gained after filtering was injected to bacterium bag in 6 hours, every bag of each amount of injecting nutrient solution is 0.4kg; Or urging mushroom when needing between picking time to supplement moisture content, with nutrient solution, substitute clear water and supplement;
The 5th step, nutrient solution immerse and supplement: after each tide results of mushroom, bacterium rod is immersed to nutrient solution 24 hours, after taking out, insulation is in time urged mushroom, next damp mushroom of just can gathering after 10 ~ 12 days.
embodiment 3:
A production method of cultivating dogwood mushroom, the method comprises the following steps:
The first step, culture medium raw material are collected:, harvesting rear sorting ripe at cornus fruit, during stoning, the dogwood fruit stone that collection goes out of use and the not good cornus fruit of product picture, dry respectively the dogwood fruit stone of collection and cornus fruit to moisture content 12.0%, is placed in dry, shady and cool place and stores;
Second step, preparation medium: according to siccative percentage by weight, getting respectively dogwood fruit stone 60%, cornus fruit 15 %, broadleaf wood chip 13 %, wheat bran 20 %, land plaster 1 % and sucrose 1 % is culture medium raw material; By weight being placed in to clear water, soaks 24 hours the dogwood fruit stone after weighing, the dogwood fruit stone and the cornus fruit that take out after soaking mix, pile up and display after 3 hours, again by weight by broadleaf wood chip, wheat bran, land plaster, sucrose adds and fully mixes, mix and obtain described medium, in medium, slowly add clear water again, medium and water mix according to weight ratio 1 ︰ 1.2, after accumulation is displayed 0.5 hour, according to conventional method for cultivating mushroom, pack, sterilizing, cooling, inoculation, bacteria, urge mushroom and gather;
The 3rd step, nutrient solution preparation: by the cornus fruit after drying, pulverizing, glossy privet fruit, Chinese herbaceous peony cauline leaf, matrimony vine branches and leaves, flower bud of lily magnolia leaf mixes by the weight ratio of real ︰ Chinese herbaceous peony stem leaf ︰ matrimony vine branches and leaves ︰ flower bud of lily magnolia leaf=2.5 ︰ of the real ︰ glossy privet fruit of dogwood fruit 1.5 ︰ 2 ︰ 2 ︰ 2, obtains mixture; Then according to 38 times of ratios of mixture weight, add clear water and decoct 1.5 hours, naturally cooling, filter to obtain nutrient solution;
The 4th step, nutrient solution inject and supplement: urging mushroom first 8 days, the nutrient solution of gained after filtering was injected to bacterium bag in 8 hours, every bag of each amount of injecting nutrient solution is 0.6kg; Or urging mushroom when needing between picking time to supplement moisture content, with nutrient solution, substitute clear water and supplement;
The 5th step, nutrient solution immerse and supplement: after each tide results of mushroom, bacterium rod is immersed to nutrient solution 24 hours, after taking out, insulation is in time urged mushroom, next damp mushroom of just can gathering after 10 ~ 12 days.
embodiment 4:
A production method of cultivating dogwood mushroom, the method comprises the following steps:
The first step, culture medium raw material are collected:, harvesting rear sorting ripe at cornus fruit, during stoning, the dogwood fruit stone that collection goes out of use and the not good cornus fruit of product picture, dry respectively the dogwood fruit stone of collection and cornus fruit to moisture content 11.0%, is placed in dry, shady and cool place and stores;
Second step, preparation medium: according to siccative percentage by weight, getting respectively dogwood fruit stone 40%, cornus fruit 15 %, broadleaf wood chip 20 %, wheat bran 20 %, land plaster 3 % and sucrose 2 % is culture medium raw material; By weight being placed in to clear water, soaks 23 hours the dogwood fruit stone after weighing, the dogwood fruit stone and the cornus fruit that take out after soaking mix, pile up and display after 3 hours, again by weight by broadleaf wood chip, wheat bran, land plaster, sucrose adds and fully mixes, mix and obtain described medium, in medium, slowly add clear water again, medium and water mix according to weight ratio 1 ︰ 1.3, after accumulation is displayed 0.5 hour, according to conventional method for cultivating mushroom, pack, sterilizing, cooling, inoculation, bacteria, urge mushroom and gather;
The 3rd step, nutrient solution preparation: by the cornus fruit after drying, pulverizing, glossy privet fruit, Chinese herbaceous peony cauline leaf, matrimony vine branches and leaves, flower bud of lily magnolia leaf mixes by the weight ratio of real ︰ Chinese herbaceous peony stem leaf ︰ matrimony vine branches and leaves ︰ flower bud of lily magnolia leaf=2 ︰ of the real ︰ glossy privet fruit of dogwood fruit 1.5 ︰ 2 ︰ 2.5 ︰ 2, obtains mixture; Then according to 40 times of ratios of mixture weight, add clear water and decoct 2 hours, naturally cooling, filter to obtain nutrient solution;
The 4th step, nutrient solution inject and supplement: urging mushroom first 6 days, the nutrient solution of gained after filtering was injected to bacterium bag in 8 hours, every bag of each amount of injecting nutrient solution is 0.8kg; Or urging mushroom when needing between picking time to supplement moisture content, with nutrient solution, substitute clear water and supplement;
The 5th step, nutrient solution immerse and supplement: after each tide results of mushroom, bacterium rod is immersed to nutrient solution 24 hours, after taking out, insulation is in time urged mushroom, next damp mushroom of just can gathering after 10 ~ 12 days.