CN107816601A - 真空隔热件 - Google Patents

真空隔热件 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107816601A
CN107816601A CN201710668724.7A CN201710668724A CN107816601A CN 107816601 A CN107816601 A CN 107816601A CN 201710668724 A CN201710668724 A CN 201710668724A CN 107816601 A CN107816601 A CN 107816601A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
corpus fibrosum
insulation panel
vacuumed insulation
corpus
fibrosum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201710668724.7A
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English (en)
Other versions
CN107816601B (zh
Inventor
刘白羽
冈崎亨
濑川彰继
浅井田康浩
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Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP2017105297A external-priority patent/JP6874529B2/ja
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Publication of CN107816601A publication Critical patent/CN107816601A/zh
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Publication of CN107816601B publication Critical patent/CN107816601B/zh
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Abstract

本发明提供一种真空隔热件，能够降低真空隔热件的外包覆件热桥。利用设有第1纤维体、配置在上述第1纤维体的外周部且厚度比内周部薄的第2纤维体、以及包覆上述第1纤维体和上述第2纤维体的外包覆件的真空隔热件。此外，利用上述第2纤维体与上述第1纤维体为分体的上述真空隔热件。此外，利用上述第2纤维体与上述第1纤维体被一体化的上述真空隔热件。此外，利用上述第2纤维体在面方向上比上述第1纤维体大且由上述第1纤维体夹着上述第2纤维体的上述真空隔热件。

Description

真空隔热件
技术领域
本发明涉及真空隔热件、应用了真空隔热件的设备。
背景技术
为了长期地维持真空隔热件的隔热性能，需要对于外包覆件使用气体阻隔性优异的薄膜，由此防止来自外部的气体侵入，以维持真空隔热件内部的真空度。
因而，以往，对于外包覆件广泛使用的是包含铝箔等金属箔的薄膜。但是，若将包含金属箔的薄膜用于真空隔热件，则会发生通过金属箔的热的回绕(热桥)，因此存在无法获得本来的隔热性能的课题。
为了解决该热桥现象，已知有作为阻隔层取代铝箔层而利用导热率比较小的不锈钢箔层的方法、利用陶瓷蒸镀薄膜层的方法、利用铝蒸镀薄膜层的方法等。
进而，如专利文献1那样，考虑到气体阻隔性和热桥这两方面，真空隔热件的表面和背面的任意一方的外包覆件利用的是在构成层中具有铝箔层作为气体阻隔层的层叠薄膜。作为另一方的外包覆件，利用的是在构成层中包含至少2层阻隔薄膜层作为气体阻隔层的层叠薄膜，其中，阻隔薄膜层具有多层无机氧化物蒸镀层。
在先技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日文专利第4649969号公报
然而，在专利文献1中，虽然降低了热桥，但其比例小。因而，热桥未被充分改善。进而，真空隔热件的尺寸越小则热桥的影响越显著，需要更进一步的降低。
发明内容
发明要解决的课题
本发明解决上述以往的课题，使得真空隔热件的外包覆件的热桥进一步降低。
为了实现上述目的，利用设有第1纤维体、配置在上述第1纤维体的外周部且厚度比内周部薄的第2纤维体、以及包覆上述第1纤维体和上述第2纤维体的外包覆件的真空隔热件。
此外，利用上述第2纤维体与上述第1纤维体为分体的上述真空隔热件。
此外，利用上述第2纤维体与上述第1纤维体被一体化的上述真空隔热件。
发明效果
根据本发明，通过降低真空隔热件的热桥从而能够提高真空隔热件的隔热性能，能够实现应用了真空隔热件的保温保冷设备以及办公设备的节能。
附图说明
图1是实施方式1中的真空隔热件的剖视图。
图2是实施方式1中的真空隔热件的立体图。
图3是表示实施方式1中的真空隔热件的制造流程的图。
图4(a)～(d)是说明实施方式1中的真空隔热件的制造工序的图。
图5是实施方式2中的真空隔热件的剖视图。
图6是表示实施方式2中的真空隔热件的制造流程的图。
图7(a)～(d)是说明实施方式2中的真空隔热件的制造工序的图。
图8是实施方式3中的真空隔热件的剖视图。
图9是表示实施方式3中的真空隔热件的制造流程的图。
图10(a)～(d)是说明实施方式3中的真空隔热件的制造工序的图。
图11是实施方式4中的真空隔热件的剖视图。
图12是表示实施方式4中的真空隔热件的制造流程的图。
图13(a)～(d)是说明实施方式4中的真空隔热件的制造工序的图。
图14是实施方式5中的真空隔热件的剖视图。
符号说明
11 真空隔热件
12 外包覆件
13 第1纤维体
14 第2纤维体
15 吸附剂
16 尺寸
41 真空隔热件
43 第1纤维体
44 第2纤维体
61 真空隔热件
63 第1纤维体
64 第2纤维体
81 真空隔热件
83 第1纤维体
84、84a、84b 第2纤维体
91 真空隔热件
具体实施方式
以下，参照附图来说明实施方式。
(实施方式1)
图1是本发明的实施方式1中的真空隔热件的剖视图，图2是本发明的实施方式1中的真空隔热件的立体图。
<构造>
在图1中，真空隔热件11由外包覆件12、第1纤维体13、第2纤维体14和吸附剂15构成。尺寸16表示第2纤维体14的突出长度。
外包覆件12用于维持真空隔热件11的真空度，构成为设有：最内层的热熔接用的低密度聚乙烯薄膜；作为抑制气体以及水分的浸透的阻隔层的、通过蒸镀使铝成膜而得到的聚丙烯酸系树脂薄膜和通过蒸镀使铝成膜而得到的PET薄膜的双重构造；和作为最外层的保护的尼龙薄膜。
另外，作为热熔接薄膜并不特别指定，能够使用低密度聚乙烯薄膜、直链低密度聚乙烯薄膜、高密度聚乙烯薄膜、聚丙烯薄膜、聚丙烯腈薄膜等热可塑性树脂、或它们的混合体。
此外，作为气体阻隔薄膜，能够使用铝箔、铜箔等金属箔、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜、乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物薄膜等基材上蒸镀了铝、铜等金属、氧化铝、二氧化硅等金属氧化物的薄膜等。
此外，作为表面保护薄膜，能够使用尼龙薄膜、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜、聚丙烯薄膜等以往公知的材料。厚度为0.1mm程度。
关于第1纤维体13和第2纤维体14，由两个长方体的第1纤维体13夹着一个长方体形状的第2纤维体14。第2纤维体14在俯视下比第1纤维体13大。因而，在俯视下，第2纤维体14比第1纤维体13周围突出。
第1纤维体13和第2纤维体14均对外包覆件12进行支承，并且是由玻璃纤维构成的成型体。另外，作为第1纤维体13和第2纤维体14的材料可利用导热率低的材料，能够利用被制成发泡体、粉粒体、纤维体的材料。例如，作为发泡体，可列举连续气泡的聚氨酯泡沫、苯乙烯泡沫、酚醛泡沫等。作为粉粒体，可列举无机系、有机系的材料，可列举将各种泡沫材粉碎后的材料、二氧化硅、氧化铝、珍珠岩等。作为纤维体，可列举无机系、有机系，可列举玻璃纤维、玻璃棉、岩棉、纤维素纤维等。
此外，作为对于第1纤维体13和第2纤维体14而采用的材料，可以采用热容量比较低的聚氨酯泡沫等发泡体或其粉粒体。进而，也可以混合使用上述的各种发泡体、粉粒体、纤维体。
此外，第1纤维体13和第2纤维体14的材料可以使用不同的材料。
此外，在本实施方式1中，由分体构件构成了第1纤维体13和第2纤维体14，但也可以设为从第1纤维体13进行除去加工而制成相同形状的一体成型体。
吸附剂15用于抑制气体、水蒸气的侵入所引起的气体热传导成分的增加，由沸石、氧化钙等构成。配置在第1纤维体13的角部，与第1纤维体13一起进行减压密封。吸附剂15不是必须的要素，优选利用。
<效果>
在真空隔热件11的制造上，先对外包覆件12的3边进行热熔接来制造袋状的外包覆件12。因而，对于外包覆件12的重叠之处的尺寸略微设有富余以使得能够后放入第1纤维体13。利用该富余的部分而在中央放入第2纤维体14，从而能够延长外包覆件12的导热路径，使得外包覆件12的热桥降低。
第2纤维体14的厚度越厚，或者，突出的尺寸16越长，则外包覆件12的热桥的降低效果越显著。另一方面，如果以实际应用上的观点来考虑，则本实施方式优选第2纤维体14的突出尺寸16为5mm～10mm程度。此外，由于外包覆件12的鳍部(尺寸16所示的部分)折弯来使用，因此优选厚度为2mm程度以使得第2纤维体14能够折弯。
<制造方法>
说明真空隔热件11的制造方法。
图3是制造流程图。图4是说明与图3的制造流程对应的制造工序的俯视图。
步骤(Step)1、图4(a)为对外包覆件12的3边进行熔接。作为外包覆件12，层叠有如下3层。使用了如下的3层构成，即，设有：最内层的热熔接用的低密度聚乙烯薄膜；作为抑制气体以及水分的浸透的阻隔层的、通过蒸镀使铝成膜而得到的聚丙烯酸系树脂薄膜和通过蒸镀使铝成膜而得到的PET薄膜的双重构造；和作为最外层的保护的尼龙薄膜。使切成长方形的层压薄膜的对置的边的热熔接处彼此面对面，对一边进行热熔接，接着对另一边进行热熔接，来制造袋状的外包覆件12。
步骤2、图4(b)为第1纤维体13和第2纤维体14的制作。通过加热压缩使玻璃纤维的片材成型之后，切断为使用尺寸，获得2片第1纤维体13，获得1片第2纤维体14。然后，将第2纤维体14配置在2片第1纤维体13之间。
步骤3、图4(c)为将第1纤维体13和吸附剂15插入外包覆件袋。第1纤维体13和第2纤维体14成为一体地与吸附剂15一起插入外包覆件12。
步骤4、图4(d)为抽真空和对开口部进行熔接。将未封口的真空隔热件设置在腔内，使内部减压至10Pa以下之后，对开口部进行热熔接来获得真空隔热件11。
结果，真空隔热件11在侧面的外周层叠、接合有上下的外包覆件12。在其内周，第2纤维体14被上下的外包覆件12覆盖。在最内周，第1纤维体13被上下的外包覆件12覆盖。
<评价>
接下来，通过模拟仿真确认了本发明的实施方式1的效果。将模拟仿真条件示出在表1中，将模拟仿真结果示出在表2中。另外，将真空隔热件11的上下的两面的温度差设为20K，将侧面的边界条件设定为隔热，并设定为不考虑辐射。此外，外包覆件12的双方利用了性能最优的铝蒸镀的材料。
表1、表2所示的上段的记载为比较例的部分对应于已有的真空隔热件。下段的记载为实施例的部分对应于本实施方式的真空隔热件11。比较例和实施例，设整体的芯材厚度同为10mm，内部构成不同。相对于比较例的1片10mm的第1纤维体13，实施例由2片4mm的第1纤维体13和1片2mm的第2纤维体14构成。
[表1]
[表2]
通过模拟仿真而获得的结果如表2所示。在比较例中，通过外包覆件12的单位面积的热量为0.4W。另一方面，在本实施例中，通过外包覆件12的单位面积的热量为0.2W。
即，实施例的真空隔热件11相对于比较例，外包覆件12的热桥改善了50％。另外，该结果是关于作为外包覆件12而利用了在面内方向的导热率低的中间层通过蒸镀使铝成膜而得到的片材的情况的评价结果。作为外包覆件12的中间层而利用铝箔的情况下能进一步得到改善。
(实施方式2)
图5是本发明的实施方式2中的真空隔热件的剖视图。
<构造>
实施方式2的真空隔热件41相对于实施方式1的真空隔热件11，不同之处在于，第2纤维体44为中空形状。未记载的事项与实施方式1相同。
第2纤维体44为边框状，具有四边形的中空部分。在该中空部分插入第1纤维体43。
<效果>
不仅具有实施方式1的效果还具有以下的效果。
另外，第1纤维体43嵌入第2纤维体44的中空部分。第1纤维体43嵌入第2纤维体44的中空部分，但不进入第2纤维体44的内部。因而，在实施的情况下，第2纤维体44的部分相对于第1纤维体43易于变形且易于使用。
<制造方法>
说明真空隔热件41的制造方法。
在图6中示出制造流程，在图7(a)～图7(d)中示出此时的制造工序。制造流程与实施方式1相同。仅说明不同点。在步骤2、图7(b)的芯材的制成中，不同之处在于，将第2纤维体44嵌入到第1纤维体43的中央。
除此之外与实施方式1的制造方法相同。
(实施方式3)
图8是本发明的实施方式3中的真空隔热件的剖视图。
<构造>
实施方式3的真空隔热件61相对于实施方式1的真空隔热件11，不同之处在于，第2纤维体64位于第1纤维体63的最下方。未记载的事项与实施方式1相同。
<效果>
第2纤维体64在俯视下比第1纤维体63大。因而，外包覆件12的导热路径变长，能够使得外包覆件12的热桥降低。此外，由于是第2纤维体64位于第1纤维体63的最下方的构造，因此易于制造。
<制法>
说明真空隔热件61的制造方法。
在图9中示出制造流程，在图10(a)～图10(d)中示出此时的制造工序。顺序与实施方式1的制造流程不同。未记载的事项与实施方式1的制造方法相同。
步骤1、图10(a)为第1纤维体63和第2纤维体64的制作。通过加热压缩使玻璃纤维的片材成型之后，切断为使用尺寸，获得2片第1纤维体63，获得第2纤维体64。
步骤2、图10(b)为将第1纤维体63和第2纤维体64连同吸附剂15一起配置在2片外包覆件12之间。
步骤3、图10(c)为对外包覆件12的3边进行熔接。
步骤4、图10(d)为抽真空和对开口部进行熔接。将未封口的真空隔热件设置在腔内，使内部减压至10Pa以下之后，对开口部进行热熔接来获得真空隔热件61。
(实施方式4)
图11是本发明的实施方式4中的真空隔热件的剖视图的一例。
<构造>
实施方式4的真空隔热件81相对于实施方式1的真空隔热件11，不同之处在于第2纤维体84。
第2纤维体84为条状形状或者板状形状。第2纤维体84被第1纤维体83的四侧面之中的至少1面夹着或者埋入。图11是两个第2纤维体84a、84b被第1纤维体83的对置的2面夹着或者埋入的剖视图。第2纤维体84a、84b的一端位于第1纤维体83的内部，另一端位于第1纤维体83的外部。未记载的事项与实施方式1相同。
第2纤维体84不仅可以为2面，还可以为1面、3面、4面。进而，在1边不仅可以具有一个，也可以具有多个第2纤维体84。
第2纤维体84可以不在面的中央而在面的下部、上部。
<效果>
在该构造中，由于具有第2纤维体84，因此在真空隔热件11的侧面能够形成凸部。由于该凸部，外包覆件12的导热路径变长，能够使得外包覆件12的热桥降低。
<制法>
利用图12、13来说明真空隔热件81的制造方法。
在图12中示出制造流程。在图13中示出制造工序。制造流程、制造工序与实施方式1相同。仅说明不同点。在步骤2的芯材的制成(图12(b))中，将第2纤维体84夹在第1纤维体83的四边中的至少一边。
在此，夹入的方法有两种方法。第一种是：在第1纤维体83形成凹部，放入第2纤维体84的方法。第二种是：在第1纤维体83的厚度方向的中央切出缺口，将第2纤维体84放入切除之处的方法。在该情况下，放入第2纤维体84的部分的真空隔热件81的厚度变厚，隔热性能高。优选第二种方法。
获得真空隔热件81。图12是第2纤维体84夹在第1纤维体13的二边的端部的制造流程。
(实施方式5)
图14是本发明的实施方式5中的真空隔热件11的剖视图的一例。与实施方式1不同之处在于，将尺寸16的部分进行了折弯。
尺寸16是位于第1纤维体13的周边部分的第2纤维体14的部分。该部分是从真空隔热件11突出的部分，在将真空隔热件11配置于各种设备时成为障碍。若将该尺寸16的部分向第1纤维体13侧折弯，则成为长方体形状，易于配置于设备等。
另外，实施方式2～4的真空隔热件也同样能够将尺寸16折弯。
(作为整体)
实施方式能够进行组合。另外，本发明也能够应用于真空隔热件以外的隔热件。
产业上的可利用性
如以上，本发明涉及的真空隔热件并不限于要求节能化的保温保冷设备，也能够应用于集装箱、保温箱等需要保冷的用途。此外，真空隔热件变小变薄也能够维持隔热性能，因此并不限于办公设备，也能够应用于电子设备，应用于防寒用具、寝具等需要保湿的用途。

Claims (14)

1.一种真空隔热件，设有：
第1纤维体；
配置在所述第1纤维体的外周部且厚度比内周部薄的第2纤维体；和
包覆所述第1纤维体和所述第2纤维体的外包覆件。
2.根据权利要求1所述的真空隔热件，其中，
所述第2纤维体与所述第1纤维体是分体的。
3.根据权利要求1所述的真空隔热件，其中，
所述第2纤维体与所述第1纤维体被一体化。
4.根据权利要求1所述的真空隔热件，其中，
所述第2纤维体在面方向上比所述第1纤维体大，
由所述第1纤维体夹着所述第2纤维体。
5.根据权利要求1所述的真空隔热件，其中，
所述第2纤维体在面方向上比所述第1纤维体大，配置于所述第1纤维体的一个面。
6.根据权利要求1所述的真空隔热件，其中，
所述第2纤维体为框体状，配置于所述第1纤维体的侧面。
7.根据权利要求1所述的真空隔热件，其中，
所述第2纤维体的一端埋入所述第1纤维体的至少一面，另一端位于所述第1纤维体的外部。
8.根据权利要求7所述的真空隔热件，其中，
所述第1纤维体为一个，所述第2纤维体为多个。
9.根据权利要求8所述的真空隔热件，其中，
所述多个第2纤维体配置于所述第1纤维体的对置的面。
10.根据权利要求1所述的真空隔热件，其中，
所述第1纤维体和所述第2纤维体为无机质纤维体。
11.根据权利要求1所述的真空隔热件，其中，
由无机质纤维体或陶瓷或树脂构成了所述第2纤维体。
12.根据权利要求1所述的真空隔热件，其中，
所述外包覆件将吸附剂连同第1纤维体和第2纤维体一起进行包覆。
13.根据权利要求1所述的真空隔热件，其中，
所述外包覆件由2片构成，由所述2片外包覆件来覆盖所述真空隔热件的上下，
在所述真空隔热件的外周部分，所述2片外包覆件被紧闭接合。
14.根据权利要求1所述的真空隔热件，其中，
将位于所述第1纤维体的外周部的所述第2纤维体进行了折弯。
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