CN107799007B - 显示装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及显示装置,其包含记忆伸展状态、以通电加热的方式设置的第一形状记忆丝线(66),记忆弯曲状态、以通电加热的方式设置的第二形状记忆丝线(68),和层叠的多个层。多个层具有第一挠性层(10),第二挠性层(60),排列有多个发光元件(42)的显示元件层(58)。在第一挠性层的上下任一侧和与其接触的层之间具有第一界面(56),在第二挠性层的上下任一侧和与其接触的层之间具有不同于所述第一界面的第二界面(62)。第一形状记忆丝线设置于第一挠性层的内部或第一界面。第二形状记忆丝线设置于第二挠性层的内部或第二界面。本发明的显示装置可抑制当以电的方式使显示器变形时的误动作。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及显示装置。
背景技术
开发了具有在可弯曲的柔性基板上层叠有显示元件的构造的柔性显示器(Display)。如专利文献1所公开的那样,若将柔性显示器折叠以使得能够携带的话,将会便于搬运。另外,若能够以电的方式进行显示器的开闭的话,则即便在两手占满的时候也是便利的,例如,这能够通过使用由形状记忆合金制成的丝线(wire)而实现。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2016-15618号公报
专利文献2:日本特开2015-152816号公报
发明内容
发明所要解决的问题
形状记忆合金具有通过热而恢复至初始形状的性质。专利文献2中公开了,使用初始形状为弯的丝线、和初始形状为直的丝线这两者,从而能够实现显示器的卷绕及展开。但是,若向一个丝线施加的热传导至另一个丝线的话,由于丝线会向相反的方向变形,因此发生误动作。
本发明的目的在于抑制当以电的方式使显示器变形时的误动作。
用于解决问题的手段
本发明涉及的显示装置一种显示装置,所述显示装置的特征在于,包含:记忆伸展状态、以通电加热的方式设置的第一形状记忆丝线,记忆弯曲状态、以通电加热的方式设置的第二形状记忆丝线,和层叠的多个层,其中,所述多个层具有第一挠性层,第二挠性层,排列有多个发光元件的显示元件层,用于控制所述多个发光元件的电路层,和将所述显示元件层封固的封固层,在所述第一挠性层的上下任一侧和与其接触的层之间具有第一界面,在所述第二挠性层的上下任一侧和与其接触的层之间具有不同于所述第一界面的第二界面,所述第一形状记忆丝线设置于所述第一挠性层的内部或所述第一界面,所述第二形状记忆丝线设置于所述第二挠性层的内部或所述第二界面。
通过本发明,由于第一形状记忆丝线与第二形状记忆丝线位于在多个层的层叠方向上彼此分开的位置,因此热将变得难以向彼此传导。由此,能够抑制当以电的方式使显示器变形时的误动作。
附图说明
图1是本发明的第一实施方式涉及的显示装置的俯视图。
图2是图1所示的显示装置的II-II线剖面的概略图。
图3是图2中以III表示的部分的放大图。
图4是图1所示的显示装置的IV-IV线剖视图。
图5是图1所示的显示装置的V-V线剖视图。
图6中的(A)~(D)是表示本发明的第一实施方式涉及的显示装置的制造方法的图。
图7中的(A)~(C)是表示本发明的第一实施方式涉及的显示装置的制造方法的图。
图8是本发明的第二实施方式涉及的显示装置的剖视图。
图9是本发明的第三实施方式涉及的显示装置的剖视图。
图10是本发明的第四实施方式涉及的显示装置的剖视图。
图11是表示本发明的第四实施方式涉及的显示装置的制造方法的图。
附图标记说明
10第一挠性层,10a下层膜,10b上层膜,12底涂层,14半导体层,16源电极,18漏电极,20栅极绝缘膜,22栅电极,24层间绝缘膜,26薄膜晶体管,28钝化膜,30平坦化层,32像素电极,34接触孔,36绝缘层,38发光层,40对置电极,42发光元件,44封固层,46无机绝缘层,48有机绝缘层,50粘接层,52膜,54电路层,56第一界面,58显示元件层,60第二挠性层,62第二界面,64粘接层,66第一形状记忆丝线,66a端部,66b端部,66c往路部,66d连接部,66e复路部,68第二形状记忆丝线,68a端部,68b端部,68c往路部,68d连接部,68e复路部,70第一柔性印刷基板,72端子,74端子,76各向异性导电膜,78第二柔性印刷基板,80端子,82端子,84各向异性导电膜,86玻璃基板,210第一挠性层,244封固层,250粘接层,252膜,260第二挠性层,262第二界面,264粘接层,268第二形状记忆丝线,310第一挠性层,354电路层,356第一界面,366第一形状记忆丝线,410第一挠性层,456第一界面,460第二挠性层,464粘接层,466第一形状记忆丝线,486玻璃基板,DA显示区域。
具体实施方式
以下,参照附图对本发明的实施方式进行说明。但是,本发明在不脱离其主旨的范围内能够以各种方式实施,并解释为不限定在以下例示的实施方式的记载内容。
为了更清楚地进行说明,与实际情况相比,附图中有时对各部分的宽度、厚度、形状等进行示意性表示,但终究不过是一例,并非用来限定本发明的解释。此外,在本说明书与各图中,对发挥与关于已经出现的图已说明过的要素同样的功能的要素有时标注同一标记,省略重复的说明。
此外,在本发明的详细说明中,当对某构成物与其他构成物的位置关系进行限定时,“上”“下”不仅包括位于某构成物的正上或正下的情况,在没有特别说明的情况下,还包括在之间进一步存在其他构成物的情况。
[第一实施方式]
图1是本发明的第一实施方式涉及的显示装置的俯视图。作为显示装置,举出有机电致发光显示装置作为例子。显示装置例如通过将红、绿及蓝构成的多色的单位像素(子像素)、形成全色(full color)的像素,从而在显示区域显示全色的图像。显示装置具有以矩阵状配置有多个像素的显示区域DA。
图2是图1所示的显示装置的II-II线剖面的概略图。显示装置具有层叠的多个层。多个层包含由聚酰亚胺树脂或聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯等形成的第一挠性层10。
图3是图2中以III表示的部分的放大图。第一挠性层10中形成有作为相对于其自身含有的杂质加以阻隔的阻隔层(barrier)的底涂层12。底涂层12由硅氧化膜或硅氮化膜等形成,也可以是它们的层叠构造。在底涂层12之上形成有半导体层14。半导体层14与源电极16及漏电极18电连接,并且覆盖半导体层14而形成有栅极绝缘膜20。在栅极绝缘膜20之上形成有栅电极22,覆盖栅电极22形成有层间绝缘膜24。源电极16及漏电极18贯通栅极绝缘膜20及层间绝缘膜24。通过半导体层14、源电极16、漏电极18及栅电极22构成薄膜晶体管26。以覆盖薄膜晶体管26的方式设置有钝化膜28。在钝化膜28之上设置有平坦化层30。
在平坦化层30之上设置有以分别与多个单位像素(子像素)对应的方式构成的多个像素电极32(例如阳极)。对于平坦化层30而言,形成为至少其设置有像素电极32的表面为平坦。作为平坦化层30,多使用感光性丙烯酸树脂等有机材料。像素电极32通过贯通平坦化层30及钝化膜28的接触孔34而电连接于半导体层14上的源电极16及漏电极18的一者。
在平坦化层30及像素电极32上形成有绝缘层36。绝缘层36载置于像素电极32的周缘部,且以使像素电极32的一部分(例如中央部)开口的方式形成。通过绝缘层36而形成围绕像素电极32的一部分的堤(bank)。
在像素电极32上设置有发光层38。发光层38按每个像素电极32而分别(分离地)设置,且还载置于绝缘层36。这种情况下,发光层38对应于各像素而发出蓝、红或绿的光。对应于各像素的颜色不限于此,例如,也可以是黄或白等。发光层38例如利用蒸镀而形成。或者,发光层38可以以跨越多个像素的方式而形成在覆盖显示区域DA(参见图1)的整个表面。也就是说,也可以以连续的方式在绝缘层36上形成发光层38。这种情况下,发光层38通过利用溶剂分散而进行的涂布而形成。在以跨越多个像素的方式形成发光层38的情况下,成为如下构成,即在所有子像素中均以白色发光、通过未图示的彩色滤光器而取出所期望的颜色波长部分。
在发光层38之上设置有对置电极40(公共电极或阴极)。对置电极40载置于成为堤的绝缘层36之上。构成发光元件42,该发光元件42包含发光层38、以及夹持发光层38的像素电极32及对置电极40。多个像素各自具有发光元件42。发光层38被像素电极32与对置电极40夹持,并通过流过两者间的电流而控制从而发光。在发光层38与像素电极32之间可以设置未图示的空穴传输层及空穴注入层中的至少一层。在发光层38与对置电极40之间可以设置未图示的电子传输层及电子注入层中的至少一层。
发光元件42通过层叠于对置电极40的封固层44而被覆盖,由此被封固从而阻隔水分。封固层44包含由SiN等构成的至少一层的无机绝缘层46、且也可以是层叠构造。例如,封固层44可以是在一对无机绝缘层46之间夹持由树脂等构成的至少一层的有机绝缘层48的构造。封固层44覆盖显示区域DA(参见图1)。在封固层44上经由粘接层50而粘贴有膜52。膜52由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、环烯烃聚合物树脂或环烯烃共聚物树脂等形成。
如图2所示,用于控制多个发光元件42的电路层54层叠于第一挠性层10。在第一挠性层10的上下任一侧和与其接触的层(例如电路层54)之间具有第一界面56。排列有多个发光元件42的显示元件层58层叠于电路层54。多个层包含将显示元件层58封固的封固层44。
多个层包含由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、环烯烃聚合物树脂或环烯烃共聚物树脂等构成的第二挠性层60。第二挠性层60是显示装置所具有的多个层中的表背中的任一者(在图2的例子中为背侧)的最外表面层。在第二挠性层60的上下任一侧和与其接触的层之间具有不同于第一界面56的第二界面62。多个层包含将第一挠性层10与第二挠性层60贴合的粘接层64。第二界面62存在于第二挠性层60与粘接层64之间。
如图1、图2及图4(图1所示的显示装置的IV-IV线剖视图)所示,显示装置具有多个第一形状记忆丝线66。第一形状记忆丝线66设置在第一挠性层10的内部或第一界面56(本实施方式中为内部)。第一形状记忆丝线66记忆着伸展状态(直直地伸展的状态)。因而,对于第一形状记忆丝线66而言,只要在某一温度(转变点)以下的话,即便被弯曲,但若加热至该温度以上的话,即可回复至初始形状(直直地伸展的状态)。
如图1所示,对于第一形状记忆丝线66而言,两端部66a、66b相邻地配置。第一形状记忆丝线66具有从一个端部66a沿第一方向D1而以直线状延伸的往路部66c。第一形状记忆丝线66具有在与第一方向D1交叉的第二方向D2上从往路部66c延伸的连接部66d。第一形状记忆丝线66具有从连接部66d沿第一方向D1而以直线状到达另一端部66b的复路部66e。
显示装置具有多个第二形状记忆丝线68。如图2所示,第二形状记忆丝线68设置于第二挠性层60的内部或第二界面62(在本实施方式中为第二界面62)。第二形状记忆丝线68记忆着弯曲状态。所谓弯曲状态,例如,既可以是显示图像的表面向内侧弯曲的状态,相反,也可以是背面向内侧弯曲的状态。只要在某一温度(转变点)以下,第二形状记忆丝线68即便直直地伸展后,若加热至该温度以上的话,也能回复至初始形状(弯曲了的状态)。
对于第二形状记忆丝线68而言,两端部68a、68b相邻地配置。第二形状记忆丝线68具有从一个端部68a沿第一方向D1而以直线状延伸的往路部68c。第二形状记忆丝线68具有在与第一方向D1交叉的第二方向D2上从往路部68c延伸的连接部68d。第二形状记忆丝线68具有从连接部68d沿第一方向D1而以直线状到达另一端部68b的复路部68e。
如图2或图4所示,第一形状记忆丝线66及第二形状记忆丝线68在多个层的层叠方向上位于不同位置,因此两者位于分开的位置。此外,第一形状记忆丝线66及第二形状记忆丝线68以在多个层的层叠方向上不重合的方式配置。具体而言,第一形状记忆丝线66及第二形状记忆丝线68位于在第二方向上错开而交替的位置。由此,能够将第一形状记忆丝线66及第二形状记忆丝线68进一步分开。
图5是图1所示的显示装置的V-V线剖视图。第一形状记忆丝线66以通电加热的方式设置。因此,第一挠性层10连接有用于与外部电连接的第一柔性印刷基板70。具体而言,以连接于第一形状记忆丝线66的两端部66a、66b的方式,在第一挠性层10上设置端子72。第一柔性印刷基板70的端子74、与设置于第一挠性层10的端子72经由各向异性导电膜76而电连接。
若从第一柔性印刷基板70向第一形状记忆丝线66流入电流,则第一形状记忆丝线66通过焦耳热而被加热。第一形状记忆丝线66由于记忆着伸展状态,因此通过热,其从弯曲的状态变为扩展的状态。由此,能够使被折叠、或卷起的显示器成为扩展从而能够使用的形状。
另外,第二形状记忆丝线68以通电加热的方式设置。因此,第二挠性层60连接有用于与外部电连接的第二柔性印刷基板78。具体而言,以连接于第二形状记忆丝线68的两端部68a、68b的方式,在第二挠性层60上设置端子80。第二柔性印刷基板78的端子82、与设置于第二挠性层60的端子80经由各向异性导电膜84而电连接。
若从第二柔性印刷基板78向第二形状记忆丝线68流入电流,则第二形状记忆丝线68通过焦耳热而被加热。第二形状记忆丝线68由于记忆着弯曲状态,因此通过热,其从伸展的状态而弯曲。由此,能够将显示器折叠、卷起从而成为便于携带的形状。
通过本实施方式,第一形状记忆丝线66与第二形状记忆丝线68位于在多个层的层叠方向上相互分开的位置,因此热难以相互传导。由此,能够抑制当以电的方式使显示器变形时的误动作。
图6的(A)~图7的(C)是表示本发明的第一实施方式涉及的显示装置的制造方法的图。
如图6的(A)所示,在玻璃基板86上对由第一挠性层10的材料(例如聚酰亚胺树脂)构成的下层膜10a进行成膜。如图6的(B)所示,在下层膜10a之上形成第一形状记忆丝线66。作为其材料,能够使用NiTi合金(NiTiCo合金、NiTiCu合金等)、CuZnAl合金等。
使第一形状记忆丝线66记忆伸展状态。对于使其记忆形状而言,加热至比临界温度高的温度从而将记忆暂时清除,在要被记忆的形状(伸展状态)下,进行于比临界温度低的温度保持较长时间的热处理。通过利用热处理而使合金充分规则,由此能够使合金记忆形状。形状回复温度为40~100℃,优选为40~70℃。
如图6的(C)所示,以覆盖第一形状记忆丝线66的方式,在下层膜10a之上将上层膜10b成膜。上层膜10b的材料与下层膜10a的材料相同,两者一体化从而形成第一挠性层10。在第一挠性层10的内部配置第一形状记忆丝线66。如图6(D)所示,在第一挠性层10之上形成电路层54。电路层54的详情如参照图3而说明的那样。
如图7的(A)所示,在电路层54之上形成显示元件层58和封固层44。它们的详情也如参照图3而说明的那样。如图7的(B)所示,在封固层44之上经由粘接层50而粘贴膜52。需要说明的是,膜52用于封固层44的保护、防止外部光线反射,若不需要这些功能,则并不一定要粘贴膜52。然后,如图7的(C)所示,将玻璃基板86从第一挠性层10剥离。
然后,如图2所示,形成有第二形状记忆丝线68的第二挠性层60经由粘接层64而粘贴于第一挠性层10。粘接层64先行粘贴于第二挠性层60从而准备。使第二形状记忆丝线68记忆弯曲状态。例如,在第二挠性层60中形成第二形状记忆丝线68,使第二形状记忆丝线68与第二挠性层60一起弯曲,从而使其记忆该弯曲状态。对于使之记忆的方法的详情而言,能够适用针对第一形状记忆丝线66而在上文所述的内容。
[第二实施方式]
图8是本发明的第二实施方式涉及的显示装置的剖视图。咋本实施方式张,第二挠性层260是显示图像的一侧、且是最外表面层。具体而言,在封固层244上经由粘接层250而粘贴第二挠性层260。第二形状记忆丝线268位于粘接层250与第二挠性层260之间(第二界面262)。另外,第二形状记忆丝线268避开显示区域DA而配置。经由粘接层264而向第一挠性层210粘贴膜252。其他内容能够适用在第一实施方式中说明过的内容。
[第三实施方式]
图9是本发明的第三实施方式涉及的显示装置的剖视图。在本实施方式中,经由第一界面356而与第一挠性层310接触的层为电路层354。第一形状记忆丝线366设置于第一界面356。其他内容能够适用在第一实施方式中说明过的内容。
[第四实施方式]
图10是本发明的第四实施方式涉及的显示装置的剖视图。在本实施方式中,第一挠性层410与第二挠性层460经由粘接层464而粘贴。
第一界面456位于第一挠性层410与粘接层464之间。第一形状记忆丝线466设置于第一界面456。其他内容能够适用在第一实施方式中说明过的内容。
图11是表示本发明的第四实施方式涉及的显示装置的制造方法的图。对于在图10所示的位置形成第一形状记忆丝线466而言,如图11所示,在玻璃基板486上形成第一形状记忆丝线466,在其之上形成第一挠性层410。在之后的工序中,与参照图6(D)~图7(C)而说明的工序相同。
将玻璃基板486从第一形状记忆丝线466及第一挠性层410剥离,从而得到图10所示的构造。
需要说明的是,显示装置不限于有机电致发光显示装置,既可以是各像素具有量子点发光元件(QLED:Quantum-Dot Light Emitting Diode)这样的发光元件的显示装置,也可以是液晶显示装置。
本发明不限于上述实施方式,而是能够进行各种变形。例如,在实施方式中说明的构成能够置换为实质上相同的构成、能够产生相同的作用效果的构成、或者能够实现相同的目的的构成。
Claims (9)
1.一种显示装置,所述显示装置的特征在于,包含:
记忆伸展状态、以通电加热的方式设置的第一形状记忆丝线,
记忆弯曲状态、以通电加热的方式设置的第二形状记忆丝线,和
层叠的多个层,
其中,所述多个层具有
第一挠性层,
第二挠性层,
排列有多个发光元件的显示元件层,
用于控制所述多个发光元件的电路层,和
将所述显示元件层封固的封固层,
在所述第一挠性层的上下任一侧和与其接触的层之间具有第一界面,
在所述第二挠性层的上下任一侧和与其接触的层之间具有不同于所述第一界面的第二界面,
所述第一形状记忆丝线设置于所述第一挠性层的内部或所述第一界面,
所述第二形状记忆丝线设置于所述第二挠性层的内部或所述第二界面,
经由所述第一界面而与所述第一挠性层接触的所述层为所述电路层,
在所述电路层上层叠有所述显示元件层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的显示装置,其特征在于,所述第一形状记忆丝线及所述第二形状记忆丝线各自的两端部位于相邻的位置,且分别具有从所述两端部的一者沿第一方向而以直线状延伸的往路部、在与所述第一方向交叉的第二方向上从所述往路部延伸的连接部、和从所述连接部沿所述第一方向而以直线状到达所述两端部的另一者的复路部。
3.根据权利要求1所述的显示装置,其特征在于,所述第一形状记忆丝线及所述第二形状记忆丝线以在所述多个层的层叠方向上不重合的方式配置。
4.根据权利要求1所述的显示装置,其特征在于,
所述第一形状记忆丝线包含多个第一形状记忆丝线,
所述第二形状记忆丝线包含多个第二形状记忆丝线。
5.根据权利要求1所述的显示装置,其特征在于,
所述第一形状记忆丝线设置在所述第一挠性层的内部。
6.根据权利要求1所述的显示装置,其特征在于,
所述第一形状记忆丝线设置于所述第一界面。
7.根据权利要求6所述的显示装置,其特征在于,
所述多个层进一步具有贴合所述第一挠性层与所述第二挠性层的粘接层,
所述第一界面在所述第一挠性层与所述粘接层之间,
所述第二界面在所述第二挠性层与所述粘接层之间。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的显示装置,其特征在于,
所述第二挠性层是所述多个层的表背任一的最外表面层。
9.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的显示装置,其特征在于,
所述第二挠性层是显示图像的一侧、且是所述多个层的最外表面层,
所述第二形状记忆丝线避开显示区域而配置。
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