CN107731864A - 微发光二极管显示器和制作方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明揭露了一种微发光二极管显示器及其制作方法,制作方法包含下列步骤。首先,形成发光二极管芯片于供给基板上。接着,提供第一基板,第一基板上具有印制电路。再将供给基板倒置覆盖于第一基板上,并使发光二极管芯片对位貼合于印制电路。然后,使发光二极管芯片从供给基板上脱落。随后,移除供给基板。接着,形成溶胶‑凝胶玻璃于第一基板上,并完全填充于发光二极管芯片间的空隙。然后,貼合第二基板于第一基板上。本发明可提高良率与可靠性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域,尤其涉及一种微发光二极管显示器和制作方法。
背景技术
微发光二极管(Micro LED)是一种尺寸在几微米到几百微米之间的组件,由于其尺寸仅有普通发光二极管的1%,使得单一个微发光二极管作为像素 (Pixel)用于显示成为可能,并且每一个像素都能寻址、单独驱动发光,画素间的距离也能由原本的毫米级降到微米级。
微发光二极管显示器(Micro LED Display)便是一种以高密度的微发光二极管阵列作为显示像素阵列的显示器。承继了发光二极管的特性,微发光二极管的优点包括低功耗、高亮度、超高分辨率与色彩饱和度、反应速度快、超省电、寿命较长、效率较高等。特别是,其消耗功率只需要液晶显示器(LCD)的10%,或是有机发光显示器(OLED)的50%。而且,与同样是自发光显示的有机发光显示器相较下,亮度还比其高出30倍,分辨率更可达1500PPI。另外,还具有较佳的材料稳定性与无影像烙印的优势。
目前微发光二极管阵列的制作方法,包括了芯片绑定(Chip Bonding)、晶圆片绑定(Wafer Bonding)与薄膜转移(Thin film transfer)。在芯片绑定的制作方法中,由于晶格匹配的原因,微发光二极管组件必须先在供给基板上制作,随后通过激光剥离(Laserlift-off,LL0)将微发光二极管裸芯片(bare chip)从供给基板上分离,随后再通过微转印(Micro Transfer Print,MTP)将其转移到已经预先制备电路图案的接受基板上,形成微发光二极管阵列。然而,在微转印技术制作微发光二极管阵列的过程中,需要使用传送头对微发光二极管阵列进行转移,而传送头的结构相对复杂,可靠性偏低,且需要额外的制造成本。由于以传送头进行微转印存在上述许多问题,使得晶圆片绑定的技术受到本领域的重视与开发。
发明内容
本发明提出了一种微发光二极管显示器及制作方法,可提高良率與可靠性。
本发明提出一种微发光二极管显示器的制作方法,包含下列步骤:形成发光二极管芯片于供给基板上;提供第一基板,所述第一基板上具有印制电路;将所述供给基板倒置覆盖于所述第一基板上,并使所述发光二极管芯片对位貼合于所述印制电路;使所述发光二极管芯片从所述供给基板上脱落;移除所述供给基板;形成溶胶-凝胶玻璃于所述第一基板上,并完全填充于所述发光二极管芯片间的空隙;貼合第二基板于所述第一基板上。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述第二基板贴合于所述第一基板的表面具有荧光膜,并且所述荧光膜对位于所述发光二极管芯片。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述第一基板和/或所述第二基板为玻璃基板。
在本发明的一实施例中,在形成溶胶-凝胶玻璃于所述第一基板上时,还包括使所述溶胶-凝胶玻璃覆盖所述发光二极管芯片与所述印制电路,研磨所述溶胶-凝胶玻璃,直到所述发光二极管芯片表面曝露出来的步骤。
在本发明的一实施例中,在进行将所述供给基板倒置覆盖于所述第一基板上的步骤时,更包含步骤:形成焊锡层于所述第一基板的所述印制电路上;且热回流所述焊锡层。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述形成溶胶-凝胶玻璃于所述第一基板上的步骤是在真空环境下进行。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述发光二极管芯片上具有第一金属电极与第二金属电极,且所述印制电路具有第一驱动电极与第二驱动电极,当所述发光二极管芯片对位貼合于所述印制电路时,所述第一金属电极貼合于对位的所述第一驱动电极,所述第二金属电极貼合于对位的所述第二驱动电极。
本发明提出一种微发光二极管显示器,包含:第一基板,所述第一基板上具有印制电路;发光二极管芯片,对位貼合于所述印制电路上;溶胶-凝胶玻璃,完全填充于所述发光二极管芯片间的空隙;荧光膜,对位形成于所述发光二极管芯片上表面;且第二基板,位于所述荧光膜上且貼合于第一基板。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述第一基板和/或所述第二基板为玻璃基板。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述印制电路具有第一驱动电极与第二驱动电极,所述发光二极管芯片下表面具有第一金属电极与第二金属电极,其中所述第一金属电极貼合于对位的所述第一驱动电极,所述第二金属电极貼合于对位的所述第二驱动电极。
在本发明的一实施例中,更包括焊锡层,位于所述第一金属电极与所述第一驱动电极间,且位于所述第二金属电极与所述第二驱动电极间。
本发明提出的微发光二极管显示器结构及其制作方法,可大幅提升良率与可靠度。由于溶胶-凝胶玻璃是在真空环境下涂布填充于相邻发光二极管芯片间的空隙,因此能充分完全的填充于相关构件间的所有空隙,除了达成微发光二极管数组表面平坦化的效果外,还能进一步提供固定且支撑微发光二极管的效果,降低微发光二极管相关构件断裂脱落的机会。
上述说明仅是本发明技术方案的概述,为了能够更清楚了解本发明的技术手段,而可依照说明书的内容予以实施,并且为了让本发明的上述和其他目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂,以下特举较佳实施例,并配合附图,详细说明如下。
附图说明
所包括的附图用来提供对本申请实施例的进一步的理解,其构成了说明书的一部分,用于例示本申请的实施方式,并与文字描述一起来阐释本申请的原理。显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。在附图中:
图1a至图1f是微发光二极管显示器基板的截面图,显示本发明制作微发光二极管显示器的方法流程。
图2是本发明一种微发光二极管显示器制作方法的方法流程图。
图3a是微发光二极管显示器基板的截面图,显示制作于供给基板上的发光二极管芯片。
图3b是微发光二极管显示器基板的截面图,显示貼合于第一基板上的发光二极管芯片。
图3c是微发光二极管显示器基板的截面图,显示所制作的微发光二极管显示器。
具体实施方式
这里所公开的具体结构和功能细节仅仅是代表性的,并且是用于描述本发明的示例性实施例的目的。本发明可以通过许多替换形式来具体实现,并且不应当被解释成仅仅受限于这里所阐述的实施例。
在本发明的描述中,需要理解的是,术语“直向”、“横向”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或组件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外,术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此,限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。
在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“配置”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个组件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
这里所使用的术语仅仅是为了描述具体实施例而不意图限制示例性实施例。除非上下文明确地另有所指,否则这里所使用的单数形式“一个”、“一条”还意图包括复数。还应当理解的是,这里所使用的术语“包括”和/或“包含”规定所陈述的特征、整数、步骤、操作、单元和/或组件的存在,而不排除存在或添加一个或更多其他特征、整数、步骤、操作、单元、组件和/或其组合。
图1a至图1f是微发光二极管显示器基板的截面图,显示本发明一实施例中制作微发光二极管显示器的方法流程。
如图1a所示,首先提供一供给基板10,并形成多个发光二极管芯片100 于供给基板10上。多个发光二极管芯片100是以矩阵阵列分布于供给基板 10上。在一实施例中,所述供给基板为蓝宝石基板。发光二极管芯片100 的制作则可先在供给基板10上依序沉积所需的N型半导体层、发光层、P 型半导体层,再透过微影蚀刻技术,形成阵列分布的多个发光二极管芯片 100。
接着,如图1b所示,提供第一基板11,所述第一基板11上具有印制电路110。在一实施例中,所述第一基板11为玻璃基板。至于印制电路110,如图中所示,具有多组,分别对应于所述供给基板10上的多个发光二极管芯片100。亦即,此多组印制电路110在第一基板11上的分布配置方式,相同且对应于发光二极管芯片100在供给基板10上的分布配置方式。在一实施例中,第一基板11可作为一主动阵列基板使用,亦即其上表面可划分出多个矩阵阵列分布的像素区,每一个像素区包括了红、蓝、绿三个子像素区,每一个子像素区中的印制电路110包括了薄膜电晶管与电容,用于跟发光二极管芯片100连接,以控制并驱动发光二极管芯片100发光。
再如图1c所示,将所述供给基板10倒置覆盖于所述第一基板11上,并使所述发光二极管芯片100对位貼合于所述印制电路110。在一实施例中,可在发光二极管芯片100与印制电路110间施加焊锡层,用以连结并绑定发光二极管芯片100与印制电路110。亦即,在进行将所述供给基板10倒置覆盖于所述第一基板11上的步骤时,形成焊锡层于所述第一基板11的所述印制电路上110,并且热回流(reflow)焊锡层,以便绑定发光二极管芯片100 与印制电路110。
另外,如同前述,由于第一基板11上的多组印制电路110彼此间的间隔距离与阵列分布的方式,基本上相同于供给基板10上的多个发光二极管芯片100彼此间的间隔距离与阵列分布的方式,因此在倒置供给基板10并覆盖于所述第一基板11上时,每一个发光二极管芯片100正好会对位于一组对应的印制电路110,而使每一个发光二极管芯片100能貼合于印制电路 110的上表面。
接着,如图1c所示,以激光L照射供给基板10,使所述发光二极管芯片100从所述供给基板10上脱落,而固定在对应的印制电路110上。亦即,使每一个发光二极管芯片100绑定于第一基板11上对应的子像素区域中,而完成微发光二极管阵列的制作。除了选择激光照射方式外,在一实施例中也可使用蚀刻的方式来分离发光二极管芯片100与供给基板10。
在完成使发光二极管芯片100从供给基板10上脱离的步骤后,如图1d 所示,可移除所述供给基板10。
接着,请参考图1e,形成溶胶-凝胶玻璃(SOG)112于所述第一基板11 上,并完全填充于所述发光二极管芯片100间的空隙。在一实施例中,所述形成溶胶-凝胶玻璃112于所述第一基板11上的步骤是在真空环境下进行。
然后,如图1f,貼合第二基板12于所述第一基板11上。
在一实施例中,在形成溶胶-凝胶玻璃112于所述第一基板11上时,还包括使所述溶胶-凝胶玻璃112覆盖所述发光二极管芯片100与所述印制电路110,研磨所述溶胶-凝胶玻璃112,直到所述发光二极管芯片100表面曝露出来的步骤。
在一实施例中,所述第二基板12上具有荧光膜120,并且所述荧光膜 120对位于所述发光二极管芯片100。如图中所示,荧光膜120具有多个,以陣列方式分佈於第二基板12上,並分别对应于所述多个发光二极管芯片 100。亦即,此多个荧光膜120在第二基板12上的分布配置方式,相同且对应于发光二极管芯片100在第一基板11上的分布配置方式。因此在覆盖第二基板12于第一基板11上时,每一个荧光膜120正好会对位于一个对应的发光二极管芯片100,使每一个发光二极管芯片100的上表面皆具有荧光膜 120。此外,在一实施例中,所述第二基板12为一玻璃基板。
在一实施例中,所述荧光膜120可以用贴附膜层的方式,贴附于第二基板12表面,或是采用涂敷或喷洒荧光粉的方式制作。所制作的荧光膜120 亦是以矩阵阵列的方式排列,且分别对应至各个发光二极管芯片100。除了将荧光膜120制作于第二基板12表面上外,在一实施例中,也可直接将荧光膜120形成于发光二极管芯片100的上表面。并且,根据所属子像素区域设定的颜色,所形成的荧光膜120会以不同的荧光粉制作。如此一来,当发光二极管芯片100发出的蓝光或紫外光,照射于上方的荧光膜120时,可激发不同的荧光粉,而分别产生红、蓝、绿的光线。
请参见图2,图2是本发明一种微发光二极管显示器的制作方法的方法流程图。制作方法的步骤说明如下。请同时参考图1a至图1f所显示的微发光二极管显示器基板截面图。首先,形成发光二极管芯片100于供给基板10 上(步骤21)。接着,提供第一基板11,所述第一基板11上具有印制电路 110(步骤22)。再将所述供给基板10倒置覆盖于所述第一基板11上,并使所述发光二极管芯片100对位貼合于所述印制电路110(步骤23)。然后,可选择激光照射或蚀刻的方式,使所述发光二极管芯片100从所述供给基板10 上脱落(步骤24)。并且,移除所述供给基板10(步骤25)。接着,形成溶胶- 凝胶玻璃112于所述第一基板11上,并完全填充于所述发光二极管芯片100 间的空隙(步骤26)。最后,貼合第二基板12于所述第一基板11上(步骤 27)。
本发明并揭示一种微发光二极管显示器的结构,如图1f所示,微发光二极管显示器1的主要构成组件说明如下。第一基板11,在所述第一基板 11上表面具有印制电路110。发光二极管芯片100,对位貼合于所述印制电路110上。溶胶-凝胶玻璃112,完全填充于所述发光二极管芯片100间的空隙。荧光膜120,对位形成于所述发光二极管芯片100上表面。第二基板12,位于所述荧光膜120上,且貼合于第一基板11。
在一实施例中,所述印制电路110有多组,以矩阵阵列方式制作于第一基板11上表面,并且每一组印制电路110对应于一子像素区域。所述发光二极管芯片100有多个,分别貼合于对应的印制电路110。
此外,溶胶-凝胶玻璃112会完全填充于相邻发光二极管芯片100间的空隙,并且完全填充于相邻印制电路110间的空隙。如图中所示,溶胶-凝胶玻璃112覆盖住第一基板11与印制电路110,而仅露出发光二极管芯片 100的表面。
在另一实施例中,所述第一基板11与第二基板12可选择使用透光的基板,例如可选择玻璃基板。
接着,请参考图3a至图3b,此部份图标显示了发光二极管芯片的细部结构。其中,图3a显示了制作于供给基板上的发光二极管芯片;图3b显示了貼合于第一基板上的发光二极管芯片;图3c显示了所制作的微发光二极管显示器。
请参考图3a,一供给基板20上具有多个发光二极管芯片200。多个发光二极管芯片200是以矩阵阵列分布于供给基板20上。在一实施例中,所述供给基板20为蓝宝石基板。发光二极管芯片200至少包括了N型半导体层200a、发光层200b、P型半导体层200c、第一金属电极2001与第二金属电极2002。其中,N型半导体层200a形成于供给基板20上表面,发光层200b 形成于N型半导体层200a上表面,P型半导体层200c形成于发光层200b 上表面。
在一实施例中,发光层200b与P型半导体层200c的尺寸小於N型半导体层200a的尺寸,因此当其堆叠于N型半导体层200a上时,不会完全遮蔽 N型半导体层200a的上表面,并会曝露出部份N型半导体层200a的上表面。随后制作的第一金属电极2001与第二金属电极2002正好分别位于P型半导体层200c与N型半导体层200a的上表面,如图3a所示。
请参考图3b,当发光二极管芯片200对位貼合于第一基板21上的印制电路210后,由于发光二极管芯片200的对位貼合,是藉由将供给基板20 倒置覆盖于第一基板21上来进行,所以位于第一基板21上的发光二极管芯片200,相较于图3a中的情形,会呈现倒置的状态。亦即,发光二极管芯片 200的第一金属电极2001与第二金属电极2002变成位于发光二极管芯片200 的下侧表面,并向下与第一基板21上的印制电路210对位貼合。
在一实施例中,印制电路210具有第一驱动电极2101与第二驱动电极 2102,当发光二极管芯片200对位貼合于印制电路210时,第一金属电极2001 貼合于对位的第一驱动电极2101,第二金属电极2002貼合于对位的第二驱动电极2102。
在一实施例中,发光二极管芯片200与印制电路210间更具有焊锡层 211,用以连结并绑定发光二极管芯片200与印制电路210。亦即,所述焊锡层211会位于第一金属电极2001与第一驱动电极2101间,并且位于第二金属电极2002与第二驱动电极2102间,以便将发光二极管芯片200绑定于印制电路210上。
在一实施例中,如图3b所示,由于发光二极管芯片200的第一金属电极2001与第二金属电极2002位置高度具有阶梯差,因此填充于第二金属电极2002与第二驱动电极2102间的焊锡层211,相较于第一金属电极2001 与第一驱动电极2101间的焊锡层211,具有较大的厚度。
再如图3c所示,所制作的微发光二极管显示器2的主要构成组件说明如下。第一基板21,在所述第一基板21上表面制作有印制电路210,并且印制电路210具有第一驱动电极2101与第二驱动电极2102。发光二极管芯片200,对位貼合于所述印制电路210上。发光二极管芯片200至少包括了 N型半导体层200a、发光层200b、P型半导体层200c、第一金属电极2001 与第二金属电极2002。如图中所示,第一金属电极2001与第二金属电极2002 正好分别位于P型半导体层200c与N型半导体层200a的下侧,用于对位貼合下方的第一驱动电极2101与第二驱动电极2102。并且,透过位于第一金属电极2001与第一驱动电极2101间的焊锡层211,以及位于第二金属电极 2002与所述第二驱动电极2102间的焊锡层211,来貼合发光二极管芯片200 与印制电路210。溶胶-凝胶玻璃212,完全填充于所述发光二极管芯片200 间的空隙,且曝露出所述发光二极管芯片200的上表面。荧光膜220,对位形成于所述发光二极管芯片200上表面。第二基板22,位于所述荧光膜220 上,且貼合于第一基板21。
在一实施例中,所述荧光膜220可以用贴附膜层的方式,贴附于第二基板22表面,或是采用涂敷或喷洒荧光粉的方式制作。所制作的荧光膜220 以矩阵阵列的方式排列,且分别对应至各个发光二极管芯片200。除了将荧光膜220制作于第二基板22表面上外,在一实施例中,也可直接将荧光膜 220形成于发光二极管芯片200的上表面。并且,根据所属子像素区域设定的颜色,所形成的荧光膜220会以不同的荧光粉制作。如此一来,当发光二极管芯片200发出的蓝光或紫外光,照射于上方的荧光膜220时,可激发不同的荧光粉,而分别产生红、蓝、绿的光线。
在一实施例中,溶胶-凝胶玻璃212会完全填充于相邻发光二极管芯片 200间的空隙,并且完全填充于相邻印制电路210间的空隙。亦即,溶胶- 凝胶玻璃212会完全填充第一金属电极2001、第二金属电极2002、第一驱动电极2101以及第二驱动电极2102彼此间的空隙。
在一实施例中,所述第一基板21可作为一主动阵列基板使用,亦即其上表面可划分出多个矩阵阵列分布的像素区,每一个像素区包括了红、蓝、绿三个子像素区,每一个子像素区中的印制电路210用于跟发光二极管芯片 200连接,以控制并驱动发光二极管芯片200发光。
在一实施例中,所述印制电路210有多组,以矩阵阵列方式制作于第一基板21上表面,并且每一组印制电路210对应于一子像素区域。所述发光二极管芯片200有多个,分别貼合于对应的印制电路210。
本发明所带来的益处说明如下。本发明提出一种新的微发光二极管显示器及其制作方法,可大幅提升良率与可靠度。由于溶胶-凝胶玻璃是在真空环境下涂布填充于相邻发光二极管芯片间的空隙,因此能充分完全的填充于相关构件间的所有空隙,除了达成微发光二极管数组表面平坦化的效果外,还能进一步提供固定且支撑微发光二极管的效果,降低微发光二极管相关构件断裂脱落的机会。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制,虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上,然而并非用以限定本发明, 任何熟悉本专业的技术人员,在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内,当可利用上述揭示的方法及技术内容作出些许的更动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例,但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰,均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。
Claims (11)
1.一种微发光二极管显示器的制作方法,其特征在于,包含步骤:
形成发光二极管芯片于供给基板上;
提供第一基板,所述第一基板上具有印制电路;
将所述供给基板倒置覆盖于所述第一基板上,并使所述发光二极管芯片对位貼合于所述印制电路;
使所述发光二极管芯片从所述供给基板上脱落;
移除所述供给基板;
形成溶胶-凝胶玻璃于所述第一基板上,并完全填充于所述发光二极管芯片间的空隙;
貼合第二基板于所述第一基板上。
2.如权利要求1所述的制作方法,其特征在于,所述第二基板贴合于所述第一基板的表面具有荧光膜,并且所述荧光膜对位于所述发光二极管芯片。
3.如权利要求1所述的制作方法,其特征在于,所述第一基板和/或所述第二基板为玻璃基板。
4.如权利要求1所述的制作方法,其特征在于,在形成溶胶-凝胶玻璃于所述第一基板上时,还包括使所述溶胶-凝胶玻璃覆盖所述发光二极管芯片与所述印制电路,研磨所述溶胶-凝胶玻璃,直到所述发光二极管芯片表面曝露出来的步骤。
5.如权利要求1所述的制作方法,其特征在于,在进行将所述供给基板倒置覆盖于所述第一基板上的步骤时,更包含步骤:
形成焊锡层于所述第一基板的所述印制电路上;且
热回流所述焊锡层。
6.如权利要求1所述的制作方法,其特征在于,所述形成溶胶-凝胶玻璃于所述第一基板上的步骤是在真空环境下进行。
7.如权利要求1所述的制作方法,其特征在于,所述发光二极管芯片上具有第一金属电极与第二金属电极,且所述印制电路具有第一驱动电极与第二驱动电极,当所述发光二极管芯片对位貼合于所述印制电路时,所述第一金属电极貼合于对位的所述第一驱动电极,所述第二金属电极貼合于对位的所述第二驱动电极。
8.一种微发光二极管显示器,其特征在于,包含:
第一基板,所述第一基板上具有印制电路;
发光二极管芯片,对位貼合于所述印制电路上;
溶胶-凝胶玻璃,完全填充于所述发光二极管芯片间的空隙;
荧光膜,对位形成于所述发光二极管芯片上表面;且
第二基板,位于所述荧光膜上且貼合于第一基板。
9.如权利要求8所述的微发光二极管显示器,其特征在于,所述第一基板和/或所述第二基板为玻璃基板。
10.如权利要求8所述的微发光二极管显示器,其特征在于,所述印制电路具有第一驱动电极与第二驱动电极,所述发光二极管芯片下表面具有第一金属电极与第二金属电极,其中所述第一金属电极貼合于对位的所述第一驱动电极,所述第二金属电极貼合于对位的所述第二驱动电极。
11.如权利要求8所述的微发光二极管显示器,其特征在于,更包括焊锡层,位于所述第一金属电极与所述第一驱动电极间,且位于所述第二金属电极与所述第二驱动电极间。
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