CN107729285A - A kind of washing salinity by irrigation method of calculating flux for saline-alkali water pond culture - Google Patents
A kind of washing salinity by irrigation method of calculating flux for saline-alkali water pond culture Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 7
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000252233 Cyprinus carpio Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001149925 Fenneropenaeus indicus Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000020551 Helianthus annuus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003222 Helianthus annuus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017784 Mespilus germanica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000182216 Mimusops elengi Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000000560 Mimusops elengi Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000007837 Vangueria infausta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000219094 Vitaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021021 grapes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- XZPVPNZTYPUODG-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Cl-] XZPVPNZTYPUODG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
A kind of washing salinity by irrigation method of calculating flux for saline-alkali water pond culture, described saline-alkali water pond culture, it is by culture zone of the land divide for growing area and for fish culture, the soil of growing area belongs to salt affected soil, the saline-alkali water that desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching immersion is formed is carried out to growing area soil for improvement growing area salt affected soil, by the neutralization of cistern, the pond fish culture that saline-alkali water is used in culture zone, the washing salinity by irrigation flow rate calculation includes formula：Qa=Sa × (P/50% E)+Sa × Qc × k) × 2Qb=Sb × h × 10% × M × N is wherein, Qa growing area waters, Qb culture zones water, Qc growing area irrigation volumes, Sa growing area areas, Sb culture zones area, P precipitation, E evaporation capacity, k infiltration coefficients, the h ponds depth of water, M quantity of exchanged water, N change waterside number.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fish culture, and particularly relates to a method for calculating irrigation salt-washing flow for culture in a saline-alkali pond.
Background
In the patent document with publication number CN106719258A, "brine water is a third water resource different from seawater and fresh water. The saline-alkali water in China is abundant in resources, the total amount is about 6.9 hundred million acres, the saline-alkali water is widely distributed in 19 provinces, cities and autonomous regions in China, and the saline-alkali water tends to rise year by year. Due to the complexity and diversity of saline-alkali water quality, people and animals cannot drink the saline-alkali water, agriculture cannot be directly utilized, the development and utilization rate is less than 2%, and most of the saline-alkali water is in an idle state.
The development of the saline-alkali water fishery not only provides a new idea for the development and utilization of unconventional water resources and the relief of water consumption contradictions, but also can effectively solve the problem of the outlet of saline-alkali water generated by saline-alkali water treatment and transformation, and has important strategic significance for promoting the ecological civilization construction of China, solving the three-agriculture problem in remote areas and guaranteeing the national food safety.
The patent document with publication number CN106719258A further discloses "improving saline-alkali soil and comprehensively utilizing saline-alkali water body by means of combination of field cutting and pond planting, realizing comprehensive utilization of water body in the soil improvement process, improving economic value of land and improving ecological environment; meanwhile, through the optimized flow channel design, water circulation is formed between the saline-alkali water and the aquaculture pond, and the neutralization effect is formed between the saline-alkali water and the acidified aquaculture pond, so that the acidity of the aquaculture pond is reduced, and the effect of killing two birds with one stone is achieved. The technical scheme is as follows:
' 1) saline-alkali soil is improved and saline-alkali water is comprehensively utilized by combining strip field planting and pond planting, so that the comprehensive utilization of the water in the soil improvement process is realized, the economic price of the land is increased, and the ecological environment is improved;
2) through the optimized flow channel design, water circulation is formed between the saline-alkali water and the aquaculture pond, and the neutralization effect is formed between the saline-alkali water and the acidified aquaculture pond, so that the acidity of the aquaculture pond is reduced, and the effect of killing two birds with one stone is achieved.
3) The flow channel is ingenious in design, the saline-alkali soil is fully washed, the neutralized saline-alkali water is partially recycled, and the water, the energy and the environment are saved.
4) The invention integrates strip fields, ditches and culture ponds, not only plants but also cultures, can utilize the strip fields to plant and improve saline-alkali soil, utilizes the ditches to collect the improved saline-alkali water, and utilizes the saline-alkali water comprehensively for pond culture. The method of the invention not only improves the ecological environment, but also improves the land economic value. The planting and breeding comprehensive utilization of the saline-alkali soil of the inscriptions is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for calculating the flow of irrigation and salt leaching for saline-alkali water pond culture, which is used for accurately calculating the flow of irrigation and salt leaching in fish culture in a saline-alkali water pond, estimating the water quantity of a planting area and the water quantity of a culture area required in the culture mode and guiding the arrangement of the area of the pond of the culture area.
A method for calculating the flow of irrigation and salt washing for the pond culture of saline-alkali water includes such steps as dividing the soil into planting area and culture area, washing the saline-alkali water from the soil in planting area, and neutralizing the water pool to obtain the flow of irrigation and salt washing, and calculating the flow of irrigation and salt washing:
Qa＝Sa×(P/50％-E)+Sa×Qc×k)×2 (1)
Qb＝Sb×h×10％×M×N (2)
wherein,
and Qa: the water quantity of the planting area is increased,
qb is the water quantity of the culture area,
qc is the irrigation quantity of the planting area,
in Sa, the area of a planting area,
sb is the area of a culture area,
p is the amount of precipitation,
e, the evaporation capacity is calculated as the total amount of the solvent,
k is the permeability coefficient of the mixture, k is the total weight of the mixture,
h, the depth of the pond water is,
m: the water quantity is changed,
n is the number of times of water change,
according to the formula (1) and the formula (2), the agricultural water discharge amount of the strip field and the field lifting in the planting area is estimated according to the salt leaching and soaking times, the total agricultural water discharge amount in one salt leaching and alkali leaching period is estimated by referring to the water evaporation amount in the local past year, the capacity of the reservoir is set, and the area of the pond in the breeding area is estimated on the basis that the reservoir meets 10% of water supply of the pond.
According to the calculation formula of the invention, in the practice of fish culture in saline-alkali water ponds in northwest China, particularly for the most common sulfate saline-alkali water culture, the data calculation is accurate, so that agricultural production is guided powerfully, and a better actual effect is obtained.
Detailed Description
The following is an example of the application of the formula according to the invention in the northwest region of China.
The water consumption condition of a planting area in inner Mongolia and Ningxia regions is mainly a yellow irrigation area, main plant species are rice, corn, edible sunflower, medlar, grapes and the like, the precipitation is different at 200-500mm, the precipitation is mainly concentrated on 50% of the whole year in 6-8 months, the winter irrigation and the spring irrigation are generally arranged for 2 times, the single field soaking irrigation quota is 60cm, for the most common 2-5g/kg salt content area, the leaching seepage water is about 40cm, and the average seepage water mineralization is about 4 g/L. Irrigation water in the plant growth period has different leakage of 0-150cm depending on plant variety. Wherein the corn is not irrigated; the leakage of rice can reach more than 150cm, and the mineralization degree of the water leakage in the growth period of plants is about 1-3 g/L.
The salt and alkali resistant variety suitable for being cultivated in the salt and alkali water is mainly south American white prawn, crucian, carp and the like, wherein the water depth of a shrimp cultivation pond is 0.5-1m, the water depth of a fish cultivation pond is 1.5-2.5m, the water changing peak period is 6-9 months and accounts for 60% of the whole year, water is changed generally every 20 days to 1 month, the water changing amount for one time accounts for 10% of the whole pond, and the mineralization degree in the water body of the pond is about 0.1-0.3g/L for the most common sulfate salt and alkali water cultivation area. The water is added for three times in the pond culture period, and the water is added for 33 percent each time.
The method estimates the discharge amount of agricultural water for strip fields and field lifting according to the times of salt washing and soaking, estimates the total discharge amount of the agricultural water for one salt washing and alkali washing period by referring to the water evaporation amount of the local past year, reasonably arranges the water storage tank, and estimates the area of the aquaculture pond according to the condition that the water storage tank meets 10 percent of pond water supply. The calculation formula comprises:
Qa＝Sa×(P/50％-E)+Sa×Qc×k)×2 (1)
Qb＝Sb×h×10％×M×N (2)
and Qa: the water quantity of the planting area is increased,
qb is the water quantity of the culture area,
qc is the irrigation quantity of the planting area,
in Sa, the area of a planting area,
sb is the area of a culture area,
p is the amount of precipitation,
e, the evaporation capacity is calculated as the total amount of the solvent,
k is the permeability coefficient of the mixture, k is the total weight of the mixture,
h, the depth of the pond water is,
m: the water quantity is changed,
and N, changing water times.
Therefore, according to the calculation of the formulas (1) and (2), in the northwest Ningxia region of China, if the rice planting is taken as a target, the ratio of the planting area to the culture area is 5: 1-10: 1.
it should be noted that while the foregoing has described the spirit and principles of the invention with reference to several specific embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, nor is the division of aspects, which is for convenience only as the features in these aspects cannot be combined. The invention is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. The method for calculating the irrigation and salt-washing flow for the pond culture of the saline-alkali water comprises the following steps of dividing a land into a planting area and a culture area for fish culture, wherein the soil of the planting area belongs to saline-alkali soil, carrying out salt-washing soaking on the soil of the planting area to improve the saline-alkali soil of the planting area to form saline-alkali water, and using the saline-alkali water for the pond fish culture in the culture area through neutralization of a reservoir, wherein the irrigation and salt-washing flow calculation comprises the following formula:
Qa＝Sa×(P/50％-E)+Sa×Qc×k)×2 (1)
Qb＝Sb×h×10％×M×N (2)
wherein,
and Qa: the water quantity of the planting area is increased,
qb is the water quantity of the culture area,
qc is the irrigation quantity of the planting area,
in Sa, the area of a planting area,
sb is the area of a culture area,
p is the amount of precipitation,
e, the evaporation capacity is calculated as the total amount of the solvent,
k is the permeability coefficient of the mixture, k is the total weight of the mixture,
h, the depth of the pond water is,
m: the water quantity is changed,
n is the number of times of water change,
according to the formula (1) and the formula (2), the agricultural water discharge amount of the strip field and the field lifting in the planting area is estimated according to the salt leaching and soaking times, the total agricultural water discharge amount in one salt leaching and alkali leaching period is estimated by referring to the water evaporation amount in the local past year, the capacity of the reservoir is set, and the area of the pond in the breeding area is estimated on the basis that the reservoir meets 10% of water supply of the pond.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108935238A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-07 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | A kind of method in carp-herbage collective species cultivation improvement salt-soda soil |
| CN108935239A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-07 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | A kind of method in graining-herbage collective species cultivation improvement salt-soda soil |
| CN114467807A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-05-13 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Method for removing salt and reducing alkali in chloride type saline-alkali pond |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114467807A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-05-13 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Method for removing salt and reducing alkali in chloride type saline-alkali pond |
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