CN107709542A - 3‑羟基丁酸的生产 - Google Patents
3‑羟基丁酸的生产 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107709542A CN107709542A CN201680035160.7A CN201680035160A CN107709542A CN 107709542 A CN107709542 A CN 107709542A CN 201680035160 A CN201680035160 A CN 201680035160A CN 107709542 A CN107709542 A CN 107709542A
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- cell
- clostridium
- gly
- ala
- acetoacetate
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Abstract
提供了能够生产乙酰乙酸、3‑羟基丁酸和/或3‑羟基丁酸变体的微生物细胞,其中所述细胞被基因修饰以包含相对于其野生型细胞下述增加的表达:‑能够催化乙酰辅酶A转化成乙酰乙酰辅酶A的酶E1;‑能够催化乙酰乙酰辅酶A转化为乙酰乙酸的酶E2;和‑能够催化乙酰乙酸转化为3‑羟基丁酸和/或其变体的酶E3。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生产3-羟基丁酸和/或其变体的生物技术方法。特别地,该方法涉及通过乙酰乙酰辅酶A和乙酰乙酸从碳源生物技术生产3-羟基丁酸。
背景技术
3-羟基丁酸也称为β-羟基丁酸,是具有式CH3CH(OH)CH2CO2H的有机化合物。它是一种β羟基酸,且是具有两种对映体D-3-羟基丁酸和L-3-羟基丁酸的手性化合物。其氧化和聚合衍生物广泛存在于自然界中。3-羟基丁酸是聚酯的前体,其是包括聚(3-羟基丁酸酯)的生物可降解的塑料。3-羟基丁酸也是用于生产2-羟基异丁酸和含有2-羟基异丁酸单体单元(包括甲基丙烯酸)的聚羟基链烷酸酯的前体。甲基丙烯酸、其酯和聚合物广泛用于生产丙烯酸玻璃板、注射模塑产品、涂料和许多其他产品。
本领域已知有几种用于制备3-羟基丁酸的方法。然而,这些方法大多使用石油作为生产3-羟基丁酸的起始点。石油和石油基产品的过度利用已造成了环境问题,包括CO2大气浓度增加、石油化学生产和使用造成的污染以及生物不可降解的塑料材料的处理。更重要的是,石油资源在自然界中是有限的,且不可再生。由于这些原因,有必要寻求替代方法来使用可再生资源生产燃料和化学药品。近年来,光合作用蓝细菌因其能够分别利用太阳能和CO2作为唯一能源和碳源,作为生产生物燃料和化学药品的‘微生物工厂’,已引起了相当大的关注。蓝细菌也是天然存在的生物可降解塑料聚羟基丁酸酯(PHB)的天然生产者。尽管有通过基因工程策略和培养条件的最优化两者来提高PHB生物合成的努力,但蓝细菌的PHB生物合成是一个多级培养过程,其涉及氮饥饿,然后补充果糖或乙酸,其不利用蓝细菌的重要光合潜力。最重要的是,由于细胞既不分泌脂质也不分泌PHB,所以其提取所需的过程是耗能的,并且仍然是商业应用的主要障碍之一。
因此,本领域需要更有效和/或可替代的生产3-羟基丁酸的生物技术方法。
发明内容
本发明提供了已经过基因修饰以产生乙酰乙酸的细胞。特别地,细胞可能能够将乙酰乙酸转化为3-羟基丁酸。这是有利的,因为可以使用单个细胞来生产3-羟基丁酸,从而使得该过程更简单并且不需要分离步骤,并因此在这个过程中没有材料损失。根据本发明的任何方面的细胞还可以被重新使用,从而减少废物并且导致3-羟基丁酸的总体提高的生产效率。3-羟基丁酸也可以由废气产生,因此不依赖化石燃料。
根据本发明的一个方面,提供了能够生产3-羟基丁酸和/或其变体的微生物细胞,其中所述细胞被基因修饰以包含相对于其野生型细胞下述增加的表达:
- 能够催化乙酰辅酶A转化成乙酰乙酰辅酶A的酶E1;
- 能够催化乙酰乙酰辅酶A转化为乙酰乙酸的酶E2;和
- 能够催化乙酰乙酸转化为3-羟基丁酸和/或其变体的酶E3,条件是所述基因修饰细胞具有降低的乙酰乙酸脱羧酶(adc;EC 4.1.1.4)表达或不表达乙酰乙酸脱羧酶(adc;EC4.1.1.4)。
如本文中与细胞或微生物一起使用的短语“野生型”可以表示具有野生中天然看到的形式的基因组组成。该术语可能适用于整个细胞和个别基因两者。因此,术语“野生型”不包括这样的细胞或这样的基因,其中基因序列已被人类使用重组方法至少部分改变。
技术人员将能够使用本领域已知的任何方法来基因修饰细胞或微生物。根据本发明的任何方面,基因修饰细胞可以被基因修饰,从而使得在限定的时间间隔内,在2小时内,特别是在8小时或24小时内,其形成的乙酰乙酸和/或3-羟基丁酸为野生型细胞的至少2倍,尤其至少10倍、至少100倍、至少1000倍或至少10000倍。产物形成的增加可以通过例如在相同条件(相同细胞密度、相同营养培养基、相同培养条件)下在合适营养培养基中各自独立地培养根据本发明的任何方面的细胞和野生型细胞确定的时间间隔,并然后测定营养培养基中目标产物(3-羟基丁酸)的量来确定。
基因修饰细胞或微生物可以与野生型细胞或微生物在遗传上不同。根据本发明的任何方面的基因修饰微生物与野生型微生物之间的遗传差异可以是在基因修饰微生物中存在可能在野生型微生物中不存在的完整基因、氨基酸、核苷酸等。在一个实例中,根据本发明的任何方面的基因修饰微生物可包含使微生物能够生产乙酰乙酸和/或3-羟基丁酸和/或其变体的酶。相对于本发明的基因修饰微生物的野生型微生物可以不具有或不具有可检测到的使得基因修饰微生物能够生产乙酰乙酸和/或3-羟基丁酸和/或其变体的酶的活性。如本文所用的,术语‘基因修饰微生物’可以与术语‘基因修饰细胞’互换使用。根据本发明的任何方面的基因修饰在微生物的细胞上进行。
根据本发明的任何方面的细胞根据本领域已知的任何方法进行遗传转化。特别地,可以根据WO/2009/077461中公开的方法生产细胞。
如本文所用的,短语‘基因修饰的细胞与其野生型相比具有增加的酶活性’是指相应酶的活性增加到至少2倍,特别是至少10倍,更特别是至少100倍,还更特别是至少1000倍,且甚至更特别是至少10000倍。在一个实例中,根据本发明的任何方面的增加的酶表达可以是与野生型细胞中的所述酶的表达相比多5、10、15、20、25、30、25、40、45、50、55、60、65、70、75、80、85、90、95或100%。类似地,根据本发明的任何方面的降低的酶表达可以是与野生型细胞中的所述酶的表达相比少5、10、15、20、25、30、25、40、45、50、55、60、65、70、75、80、85、90、95或100%。
本文使用的短语‘增加的酶活性’应理解为增加的细胞内活性。基本上,通过增加编码酶的基因序列或多个基因序列的拷贝数、使用强启动子或利用编码具有增加的活性的相应酶的基因或等位基因并任选地组合这些措施可以实现酶促活性中的增加。用于根据本发明的方法中的基因修饰细胞例如通过转化、转导、接合或这些方法的组合由含有所需基因、该基因的等位基因或其部分的载体和使得基因可能表达的载体生产。异源表达特别通过将基因或等位基因整合到细胞染色体或染色体外复制载体中来实现。在一个实例中,细胞中‘增加的酶活性’可以指细胞中酶的超表达。
根据本发明的任何方面的微生物可以是产乙酸细菌。如本文所用的术语“产乙酸细菌”是指能够执行Wood-Ljungdahl途径并因此能够将CO、CO2和/或氢转化为乙酸的微生物。这些微生物包括其野生型形式不具有Wood-Ljungdahl途径,但是由于基因修饰已经获得了这个性状的微生物。这样的微生物包括但不限于大肠杆菌(E. coli)细胞。这些微生物也可以称为一氧化碳营养菌。目前,本领域已知21个不同的产乙酸细菌属(Drake等,2006),并且这些属也可以包括一些梭状芽胞杆菌(clostridia)(Drake & Kusel,2005)。这些细菌能够使用二氧化碳或一氧化碳作为碳源,以氢作为能源(Wood,1991)。此外,醇、醛、羧酸以及大量己糖也可用作碳源(Drake等,2004)。导致乙酸形成的还原途径称为乙酰辅酶A或Wood-Ljungdahl途径。特别地,产乙酸细菌可以选自潮湿厌氧醋菌(Acetoanaerobium notera)(ATCC 35199)、长醋丝菌(Acetonema longum)(DSM 6540)、甲醇醋酸杆菌(Acetobacterium carbinolicum)(DSM 2925)、苹果酸醋酸杆菌(Acetobacterium malicum)(DSM 4132)、醋酸杆菌属第446号物种(Acetobacterium species no. 446)(Morinaga等、 1990、 J. Biotechnol.、 Vol. 14、 p. 187-194)、威氏醋酸杆菌(Acetobacterium wieringae)(DSM 1911)、伍氏醋酸杆菌(Acetobacterium woodii)(DSM 1030)、Alkalibaculum bacchi (DSM 22112)、闪烁古生球菌(Archaeoglobus fulgidus)(DSM 4304)、Blautia producta (DSM 2950、以前为产生瘤胃球菌(Ruminococcus productus),以前为产生消化链球菌(Peptostreptococcus productus))、食甲基丁酸杆菌(Butyribacterium methylotrophicum)(DSM 3468)、醋酸梭菌(Clostridium aceticum)(DSM 1496)、Clostridium autoethanogenum(DSM 10061、DSM 19630和DSM 23693)、 Clostridium carboxidivorans (DSM 15243)、Clostridium coskatii (ATCC no. PTA- 10522)、Clostridium drakei (ATCC BA-623)、蚁酸醋酸梭菌(Clostridium formicoaceticum)(DSM 92)、乙二醇梭菌(Clostridium glycolicum)(DSM 1288)、扬氏梭菌(Clostridium ljungdahlii)(DSM 13528)、扬氏梭菌(Clostridium ljungdahlii)C-01 (ATCC 55988)、扬氏梭菌(Clostridium ljungdahlii)ERI-2 (ATCC 55380)、扬氏梭菌(Clostridium ljungdahlii)O-52 (ATCC 55989)、马犹姆贝梭菌(Clostridium mayombei)(DSM 6539)、Clostridium methoxybenzovorans (DSM 12182)、Clostridium ragsdalei (DSM 15248)、粪味梭菌(Clostridium scatologenes)(DSM 757)、梭菌属(Clostridium)物种ATCC 29797 (Schmidt等、 1986,Chem. Eng. Commun.,Vol. 45,p. 61-73)、库氏脱硫肠状菌(Desulfotomaculum kuznetsovii)(DSM 6115)、热苯脱硫肠状菌thermosyntrophicum亚种(Desulfotomaculum thermobezoicum subsp. thermosyntrophicum)(DSM 14055)、粘液真杆菌(Eubacterium limosum)(DSM 20543)、噬乙酸甲烷八叠球菌(Methanosarcina acetivorans)C2A (DSM 2834)、穆尔氏菌属物种(Moorella sp.)HUC22-1 (Sakai等,2004, Biotechnol. Let.,Vol. 29,p. 1607-1612)、热醋穆尔氏菌(Moorella thermoacetica)(DSM 521、以前为热醋梭菌(Clostridium thermoaceticum))、热自养穆尔氏菌(Moorella thermoautotrophica)(DSM 1974)、普氏产醋杆菌(Oxobacter pfennigii)(DSM 322)、 Sporomusa aerivorans (DSM 13326)、卵形鼠孢菌(Sporomusa ovata)(DSM 2662)、 Sporomusa silvacetica (DSM 10669)、球形鼠孢菌(Sporomusa sphaeroides)(DSM 2875)、白蚁鼠孢菌(Sporomusa termitida)(DSM 4440)和凯伍热厌氧菌(Thermoanaerobacter kivui)(DSM 2030、以前为凯伍产醋菌(Acetogenium kivui))。
更特别地,可以使用Clostridium carboxidivorans的菌株ATCC BAA-624。甚至更特别地,可以使用如例如U.S. 2007/0275447和U.S. 2008/0057554中所述的标记为Clostridium carboxidivorans的“P7”和“P11”的细菌菌株。
另一种特别合适的细菌可以是扬氏梭菌。特别地,选自扬氏梭菌PETC、扬氏梭菌ERI2、扬氏梭菌COL和扬氏梭菌O-52的菌株可用于将合成气转化为己酸。这些菌株例如描述于WO 98/00558、WO 00/68407、ATCC 49587、ATCC 55988和ATCC 55989中。
在另一个实例中,可使用菌株Clostridium autoethanogenum(DSM 10061、DSM 19630和DSM 23693)。特别地,该菌株可以是Clostridium autoethanogenum DSM 10061。
3-羟基丁酸(3HB)及其变体包括但不限于(S)-3-羟基丁酸、(S)-3-羟基丁酸酯、(R)-3-羟基丁酸、(R)-3-羟基丁酸酯、3-羟基丁酸钠、3-羟基丁酸甲酯等。特别地,3-HB的变体选自(S)-3-羟基丁酸、(S)-3-羟基丁酸酯、(R)-3-羟基丁酸、(R)-3-羟基丁酸酯、3-羟基丁酸钠和3-羟基丁酸甲酯。
根据本发明的任何方面的细胞可以产生至少乙酰乙酸。乙酰乙酸然后可以转化为3HB。然而,最后的结果总是包含小百分比的尚未转化为3HB的乙酰乙酸。因此,根据本发明的任何方面的细胞可能能够生产乙酰乙酸和/或3HB。
根据本发明任何方面的细胞,其中E1可以是硫解酶(E.C.2.3.1.9)中,E2可以是乙酰乙酸辅酶A转移酶(EC 2.8.3.8),和/或E3可以是仲醇脱氢酶(EC 1.1.1.1)。根据本发明的任何方面的细胞中这些酶的组合允许从起始碳源向形成最终所需产物3-羟基丁酸和/或其变体的‘牵引’。特别地,根据本发明的任何方面的细胞可以在低底物浓度下以高反应速率导致乙酰乙酰辅酶A的水解,并且因此可以防止乙酰乙酰辅酶A的积累并确立对在前的硫解酶介导的可逆乙酰乙酰辅酶A生物合成反应的“牵引”。
特别地,E1可能能够催化乙酰辅酶A转化为乙酰乙酰辅酶A。E1可以是乙酰乙酰辅酶A硫解酶,也称为乙酰辅酶A乙酰转移酶。乙酰乙酰辅酶A硫解酶包括登记号为NP_416728的来自大肠杆菌atoB的基因产物(Martin等人,2003),衍生自丙酮丁醇梭菌(C. acetobutylicum)的硫解酶。更特别地,E1可以包含与SEQ ID NO:2具有50、55、60、65、70、75、80、85、90、95或100%序列同一性的氨基酸序列。甚至更特别地,根据本发明的任何方面的细胞可以被基因修饰以包含SEQ ID NO:2的序列。
技术人员可能能够鉴定可能起E1作用的其他硫解酶。特别地,技术人员可能能够使用任何数目的已知方法评估功能等同变体是否具有与核酸或多肽基本上相同的功能,所述功能等同变体是所述核酸或多肽的变体。在一个实例中,在Wiesenborn等,1988、Wiesenborn等,1989、Peterson和Bennet,1990、Ismail等,1993、de la Plaza等,2004或中概述的方法可用于评估E1的酶活性。
E2可以是乙酰乙酸辅酶A转移酶(EC 2.8.3.9)。乙酰乙酸辅酶A转移酶保存了辅酶A-酯键中储存的能量。这些酶天然地表现出所需的乙酰乙酰辅酶A转移酶活性,或者它们可以通过定向进化工程改造来以提高的效率接受乙酰乙酰辅酶A作为底物。特别地,这样的酶也可能能够通过转移酶机制催化3-羟基丁酰辅酶A转化成3-羟基丁酸。E2的实例可包括来自大肠杆菌的登记号为P76459.1或P76458.1的辅酶A转移酶(Hanai等,2007)、来自丙酮丁醇梭菌的登记号为NP_149326.1或NP_149327.1的ctfAB(Jojima等,2008)、来自糖乙酸多丁醇梭菌(Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum)的登记号为AAP42564.1或AAP42565.1的ctfAB(Kosaka等,2007)等。特别地,E2还可以选自登记号分别为P38946.1、P38942.2和EDK35586.1的克氏梭菌(Clostridium kluyveri)的cat1、cat2和cat3的基因产物(Seedorf等,2008;Sohling和Gottschalk,1996),登记号XP_001330176的阴道毛滴虫(Trichomonas vaginalis)的转移酶产物(van Grinsven等,2008),登记号XP_828352的布氏锥虫(Trypanosoma brucei)(Riviere等,2004),具核梭杆菌(Fusobacterium nucleatum)(Barker等,1982),梭菌属SB4(Barker等,1978),丙酮丁醇梭菌(Wiesenborn等,1989),登记号分别为NP_603179.1和NP_603180.1的FN0272和FN0273(Kapatral等,2002),具有登记号NP_602657.1和NP_602656.1的具核梭杆菌中的同源物如FN1857和FN1856(Kreimeyer等,2007),具有登记号NP_905281.1或NP_905290.1的牙龈卟啉单胞菌(Porphyrmonas gingivalis)和具有登记号NP_622378.1或NP_622379.1的Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis的转移酶产物(Kreimeyer等,2007)。更特别地,E2可包含与SEQ ID NO:4或6具有50、55、60、65、70、75、80、85、90、95或100%序列同一性的氨基酸序列。特别地,E2包含氨基酸序列SEQ ID NO:4和6。E2可包含与SEQ ID NO:3或5具有50、55、60、65、70、75、80、85、90、95或100%序列同一性的核苷酸序列。更特别地,E2可包含与SEQ ID NO:3和5具有50、55、60、65、70、75、80、85、90、95或100%序列同一性的核苷酸序列。
E2的表达可以使用本领域已知的任何方法来测量。特别地,E2表达的增加可以通过测定在酶存在下获得的最终产物的量并将结果与不存在酶E2时获得的最终产物的量进行比较来测量。在一个实例中,最终产物可以是3-羟基丁酸。在另一个实例中,E2的表达可以通过确定在所得培养基中表达的E2蛋白质的量来确定。在一个实例中,可以使用Charrier C.,2006中公开的方法测量E2的表达。
E3可以是醇脱氢酶。“醇脱氢酶”可以包括能够催化酮(例如丙酮)向仲醇(例如异丙醇)转化或反过来也一样的醇脱氢酶。这样的醇脱氢酶包括仲醇脱氢酶和伯醇脱氢酶。“仲醇脱氢酶”是可以将酮(如丙酮)转化为仲醇(如异丙醇)的,或反过来也一样。“伯醇脱氢酶”是可以将醛转化为伯醇的,或反过来也一样;然而,许多伯醇脱氢酶也能够催化酮转化成仲醇,或反过来也一样。这些醇脱氢酶也可以被称为“伯-仲醇脱氢酶”。存在恶臭假单胞菌(Pseudomonas putida)GPO1 AlkJ型的膜结合的、黄素依赖性的醇脱氢酶,其使用香味(flavor)辅因子代替NAD+。另一组包括含铁的、氧敏感的醇脱氢酶,其在细菌中发现并且在酵母中是无活性的形式。另一组包括NAD+-依赖性醇脱氢酶,包括含锌醇脱氢酶,其中活性中心具有半胱氨酸配位的锌原子,其固定醇底物。在一个实例中,在本文中使用的表述“醇脱氢酶”下,应理解为其是指将醛或酮氧化为相应的伯醇或仲醇的酶。特别地,根据本发明的任何方面的醇脱氢酶可以是NAD+-依赖性醇脱氢酶,即,使用NAD+作为氧化醇的辅因子或使用NADH用于还原相应的醛或酮的醇脱氢酶。在最优选的实施方案中,醇脱氢酶是NAD+-依赖性的、含锌醇脱氢酶。合适的NAD+-依赖性醇脱氢酶的实例可以包括来自赤红球菌(Rhodococcus ruber )的醇脱氢酶A(数据库编号AJ491307.1)或其变体。进一步的实例包含来自马肝的Ralstonia eutropha(ACB78191.1)、短乳杆菌(Lactobacillus brevis)(YP_795183.1)、高加索酸奶乳杆菌(Lactobacillus kefiri)(ACF95832.1),泛养副球菌(Paracoccus pantotrophus)(ACB78182.1)和Sphingobium yanoikuyae(EU427523.1)的醇脱氢酶,以及其各自的变体。在一个实例中,如本文所用的,表述“NAD(P)+-依赖性醇脱氢酶”是指NAD+-和/或NADP+-依赖性的醇脱氢酶。
在一个实例中,E3可以是仲醇脱氢酶或选自其他醇脱氢酶或等同的醛还原酶,且也可以充当3-羟基丁醛还原酶的候选物。T. E3可以是选自登记号为AAR91477.1的来自热葡糖苷酶地芽孢杆菌(Geobacillus thermoglucosidasius)的adhl的基因产物(Jeon等人,2008),来自拜氏梭菌(C. beijerinckii)的SADH,Tani等人,2000中公开的登记号为BAB122273.1的醇脱氢酶可用作E3。E3也可以选自来自啤酒糖酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)的登记号为NP_014032.1的ADH2(Atsumi等,2008)、来自大肠杆菌的登记号为NP_417484.1的yqhD(Sulzenbacher等,2004和Perez等。2008)、登记号分别为NP_349892.1和NP_349891.1的来自丙酮丁醇梭菌的bdh I和bdh II(Walter等,1992)和来自运动发酵单胞菌(Zymomonas mobilis)的登记号为YP_162971.1的ADH1(Kinoshita等,1985)。
更特别地,E3可以是仲醇脱氢酶。甚至更特别地,E3可以是来自拜氏梭菌的仲醇脱氢酶。E3可以包含与SEQ ID NO:8具有50、55、60、65、70、75、80、85、90、95或100%序列同一性的氨基酸序列。E3可以包含与SEQ ID NO:7具有50、55、60、65、70、75、80、85、90、95或100%序列同一性的核苷酸序列。
本申请中使用的任何登记号是指来自NCBI运行的Genbank数据库的相应序列,其中所引用的发布是2015年3月30日在线可获得的发布。
E3的表达可以使用本领域已知的任何方法来测量。特别地,E3表达的增加可以通过测定在酶存在下获得的最终产物的量并将结果与在不存在酶E3的情况下获得的最终产物的量进行比较来测量。在一个实例中,最终产物可以是伯醇和/或仲醇。在另一个实例中,E3的表达可以通过确定在所得培养基中表达的E3蛋白质的量来确定。在一个实例中,可以使用在Ismaiel, A.A.(1993)中公开的方法来测量E3的表达。
根据本发明的任何方面,细胞可以包含酶E1、E2和E3。特别地,E1可以是硫解酶(E.C.2.3.1.9),E2可以是乙酰乙酸辅酶A转移酶,且E3可以是仲醇脱氢酶。更特别地,E1可以包含氨基酸序列SEQ ID NO:2,E2可以包含氨基酸序列SEQ ID NO:4或6,并且E3可以包含氨基酸序列SEQ ID NO:8。甚至更特别地,E1可以包含氨基酸序列SEQ ID NO:2,E2可以包含氨基酸序列SEQ ID NO:4和6,并且E3可以包含氨基酸序列SEQ ID NO:8。在一个实例中,E1可以由氨基酸序列SEQ ID NO:2组成,E2可以由氨基酸序列SEQ ID NO:4和6组成,并且E3可以由氨基酸序列SEQ ID NO:8组成。
根据本发明的任何方面,细胞可以包含酶E1、E2和E3以及乙酰乙酸脱羧酶(Adc;EC4.1.1.4)的减少的表达或不表达。为了表达显著降低水平的adc,根据本发明的任何方面的细胞可以被基因修饰以去除adc的表达,这可以通过使用本领域技术人员已知的标准重组DNA技术实现。分别负责adc生产的基因序列可以被灭活或部分或完全消除。因此,根据本发明的任何方面的细胞表达降低的或不可检测的水平的adc或表达功能灭活的adc。
在一个实例中,根据本发明的任何方面的细胞可以天然表达adc,并且可以被基因修饰以将细胞中adc的表达相对于野生型细胞降低至约0%或不可检测的水平。在另一个实例中,根据本发明的任何方面的细胞具有约0%或不可检测的其野生型形式中的adc表达水平。特别地,当根据本发明的任何方面的细胞具有不可检测的酶adc的表达时,可以增强第二脱氢酶(E3)的活性,从而可能导致乙酰乙酸和/或3-羟基丁酸的生产增加。最终产物乙酰乙酸和/或3-羟基丁酸也可以在反应混合物中找到。因此,根据本发明的任何方面的细胞可导致乙酰乙酸和/或3-羟基丁酸向含水培养基中的输出和/或释放。因此细胞将不必经历提取目标产物并因此可能在此过程中杀死细胞的进一步步骤。
由与根据SEQ ID NO:1、3、5和7的序列具有90%、95%、99%和特别是100%同一性的核酸编码的酶适用于本发明的方法。使用已知方法测定相对于SEQ ID NO:1、3、5和7的“核苷酸同一性”。通常,考虑到特殊的要求,使用具有算法的特殊的计算机程序。可用于确定同一性的方法首先产生待比较序列之间的最大一致。用于测定同一性的计算机程序包括但不限于GCG软件包,包括GAP(Deveroy, J.等,1984)和BLASTP、BLASTN和FASTA(Altschul,S.等,1990)。BLAST程序可以从美国国家生物技术信息中心(National Center forBiotechnology Information)(NCBI)和其他来源(BLAST手册,Altschul S.等人,1990)获得。
众所周知的Smith-Waterman算法也可用于确定核苷酸同一性。
核苷酸比较的参数可以包括下述:
- 算法Needleman和Wunsch,1970,
- 比较矩阵
匹配=+10
错配=0
缺口罚分=50
缺口长度罚分=3
GAP程序也适用于上面给出的参数。这些参数通常是核苷酸序列比较中的默认参数。
要使用的培养基必须适合特定菌株的要求。《普通细菌学方法手册(Manual ofMethods for General Bacteriology)》中给出了各种微生物培养基的说明。
除非另有说明,所有百分比(%)都是质量百分数。
就包含二氧化碳和/或一氧化碳的底物来源而言,本领域技术人员将理解,存在提供CO和/或CO2作为碳源的许多可能的来源。可以看出,实际上,作为本发明的碳源,可以使用任何气体或任何气体混合物,其能够向微生物供应足够量的碳,从而乙酸和/或乙醇可以由CO和/或CO2的来源形成。
通常,对于本发明的细胞,碳源包含至少50重量%、至少70重量%、特别是至少90重量%的CO2和/或CO,其中重量百分比-%涉及根据本发明的任何方面可用于细胞的全部碳源。碳材料源可以被提供。
气体形式的碳源的实例包括诸如合成气、烟道气和通过酵母发酵或梭菌发酵产生的石油炼制气的废气。这些废气由含纤维素的材料气化或煤气化形成。在一个实例中,这些废气不一定是作为其它工艺的副产物而产生的,而可以专门生产用于本发明的混合培养物。
根据本发明的任何方面,碳源可以是合成气。合成气可以例如作为煤气化的副产物生产。因此,根据本发明的任何方面的微生物可能能够将作为废产物的物质转化为有价值的资源。
在另一个实例中,合成气可以是广泛可获得的低成本农业原材料的气化副产物,其供本发明的混合培养物使用以生产取代和未取代的有机化合物。
有许多可以转化为合成气的原材料的例子,这是因为几乎所有形式的植被都可以用于此目的。特别地,原材料选自多年生草如芒属植物(miscanthus)、玉米渣、加工废物如锯末等。
一般来说,合成气可以在干燥生物质的气化装置中主要通过热解、部分氧化和蒸汽转化获得,其中合成气的初级产物是CO、H2和CO2。通常,首先对从气化过程获得的一部分合成气进行处理,以最优化产物得率,并避免形成焦油。合成气中不需要的焦油和CO的裂化可以使用石灰和/或白云石进行。这些过程在例如Reed,1981中有详细描述。
来源的混合物可以用作碳源。
根据本发明的任何方面,还原剂例如氢可以与碳源一起供应。特别地,当供应和/或使用C和/或CO2时可以供应这种氢。在一个实例中,氢气是根据本发明的任何方面存在的合成气的一部分。在另一个例子中,在合成气中的氢气不足以用于本发明的方法的情况下,可以供应额外的氢气。
技术人员将理解执行本发明的方法所必需的其他条件。特别地,容器(例如发酵罐)中的条件可以依赖于所使用的第一和第二微生物而变化。适合于微生物最佳发挥作用的条件的变化在本领域技术人员的知识范围内。
根据本发明的另一个方面,提供了生产至少一种3-羟基丁酸和/或其变体的方法,所述方法包括
- 使根据本发明的任何方面的重组微生物细胞与包含碳源的培养基接触。
在一个实例中,本发明的方法可以在pH为5-8、5.5-7的含水培养基中进行。压力可以为1-10巴。
如本文所用的,术语“接触”是指促使根据本发明的任何方面的细胞与包含碳源的培养基直接接触。例如,细胞和包含碳源的培养基可以处于不同的隔室中。特别地,根据本发明的任何方面,碳源可以处于气态并添加到包含细胞的培养基中。
特别地,含水培养基可以包含细胞和包含CO和/或CO2的碳源。更特别地,包含CO和/或CO2的碳源在连续的气流中提供给包含细胞的含水培养基。甚至更特别地,连续气流包含合成气。这些气体可以例如使用打通进入含水培养基中的喷嘴、过滤器板(frits)、在将气体供应到含水培养基中的管内的膜等来供应。
本发明方法的总效率、醇生产率和/或总碳捕获可以依赖于连续气流中CO2、CO和H2的化学计量。所施加的连续气流可以具有组成CO2和H2。特别地,在连续气流中,CO2的浓度范围可以是按重量计约10-50%,特别是3%,并且H2将在按重量计44%-84%,特别是64%-66.04%的范围内。在另一个实例中,连续气流也可以包含惰性气体如N2,直到50重量%的N2浓度。甚至更特别地,根据本发明的任何方面的碳源可以包含50%或更多H2。
如本文所用的,术语‘约’是指在20%以内的变化。特别地,如本文所用的,术语‘约’是指给定测量结果或值的+/-20%,更特别地,+/-10%,甚至更特别地,+/-5%。
技术人员将理解,监控流的组成和流速可能是必需的。可以通过改变组分流的比例来实现对流的组成的控制,以实现目标或期望的组成。可以通过本领域已知的任何方式来监控流的组成和流速。在一个实例中,对系统进行改造以连续监控流的流速和组成,并将它们组合以在最佳组成的连续气流中产生单一混合的底物流,以及用于使最优化的底物流传到本发明的细胞的装置。
将CO2和/或CO转化为乙酸和/或乙醇,特别是乙酸的微生物,以及用于进行该代谢反应的合适程序和工艺条件在本领域中是众所周知的。例如在WO9800558、WO2000014052和WO2010115054中描述了这样的方法。
术语“水溶液”或“培养基”包含任何包含水的溶液,主要是作为溶剂的水,其可以用于将根据本发明的任何方面的细胞至少暂时地保持在代谢活性和/或活的状态,并且如果必需的话可以包括任何额外的物质。本领域技术人员熟悉许多水溶液的制备,通常称为培养基,其可用于保持本发明的细胞,例如在大肠杆菌的情况下为LB培养基,在扬式梭菌的情况下可以使用ATCC 1754-培养基。作为水溶液使用基本培养基,即具有相当简单的组成的培养基是有利的,这种培养基与复合培养基相反只包含对于将细胞保持于代谢活性和/或活的状态所不可缺少的最低限度的盐和养分组,以避免不需要的副产物对产物的不必要污染。例如,M9培养基可以用作基本培养基。将细胞与碳源温育足够长以生产期望的产物3HB及其变体。例如,至少1、2、4、5、10或20小时。选择的温度必须是这样的以使得根据本发明的任何方面的细胞保持有催化能力和/或代谢活性,例如10-42℃,优选30-40℃,特别地,32-38℃,如果细胞是扬式梭菌细胞的话。
根据本发明的另一个方面,提供了根据本发明的任何方面的细胞用于生产3-羟基丁酸和/或其变体的用途。
附图说明
图1是质粒主链pSOS95的图解。
实施例
以上描述了优选实施方案,如本领域技术人员将理解的,在不背离权利要求的范围的情况下,其可以在设计、构造或操作方面进行变化或修改。例如,这些变化旨在被权利要求的范围所涵盖。
实施例1
生成基因修饰的产乙酸菌以经由乙酰乙酸形成3HB
将来自丙酮丁醇梭菌ATTC 824的硫解酶(thl)、来自丙酮丁醇梭菌ATTC 824的乙酰乙酸转移酶(ctfAB)和来自拜氏梭菌DSM 6423的仲醇脱氢酶(sadh)基因插入载体pEmpty。该质粒基于质粒骨架pSOS95(图1)。为使用pSOS95,用BamHI和Kasl将其消化。这除去了操纵子ctfA-ctfB-adc,但留下了adc的thl启动子和rho-非依赖性终止子。扬氏梭菌和C. autoethanogenum的转化如Leang等人2013中所述的进行。所用酶的核苷酸序列分别是SEQID NO:1、3(ctfA)、5(ctfB)和7。这些序列被转化以受硫解酶启动子控制,并作为单个操纵子整合到载体主链中。创建的载体被命名为pTCtS。然后使用Leang等人2013公开的方法使用载体pTCts修饰扬氏梭菌和C. autoethanogenum。修饰的扬氏梭菌菌株被命名为扬氏梭菌pTCtS。修饰的C. autoethanogenum菌株被命名为C. autoethanogenum pTCtS。
实施例2
3HB菌株在H
2
和CO
2
上发酵显示乙酰乙酸和3HB生产
对于扬氏梭菌pTCts的细胞培养,使5 mL培养物厌氧生长于具有约400 mg/L L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐和400 mg/L Na2S×9H2O,给予100 mg/L红霉素的500 ml培养基(ATCC1754培养基:pH 6.0;20 g/L MES;1 g/L酵母提取物,0.8 g/L NaCl,1 g/L NH4Cl,0.1 g/L KCl,0.1 g/L KH2PO4,0.2 g/L MgSO4×7H2O;0.02 g/L CaCl2×2H2O;20 mg/L次氮基三乙酸10 mg/LMnSO4×H2O;8 mg/L (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2×6H2O;2 mg/L CoCl2×6H2O;2 mg/L ZnSO4×7H2O;0.2mg/L CuCl2×2H2O;0.2 mg/L Na2MoO4×2H2O;0.2 mg/L NiCl2×6H2O;0.2 mg//L Na2SeO4;0.2 mg/L Na2WO4×2H2O;20μg/L d-生物素,20μg/L叶酸,100 g/L吡哆醇-HCl;50μg/L硫胺素-HCl×H2O;50μg/L核黄素;50μg/L烟酸,50μg/L泛酸钙,1μg/L维生素B12;50μg/L对氨基苯甲酸盐;50μg/L硫辛酸,约67.5 mg/L NaOH)中。在具有由67% H2,33% CO2组成的预混合气体混合物的1 L玻璃瓶中,于37℃、150 rpm和3 L/h的通气在开放水浴摇床中,一式两份地进行70.3 h的培养。
气体通过安装在反应器中部充气管(gassing tube)处的孔径为10微米的过滤器进入培养基。取样时各取5 ml样品测定OD600nm、pH和产物范围。产物浓度的测定通过半定量1H-NMR波谱学进行。使用三甲基甲硅烷丙酸钠(T(M)SP)作为内部定量标准。培养物在70.3小时内生产7 ppm乙酰乙酸和26 ppm 3-HB。另一培养物在70.3小时内生产24 ppm乙酰乙酸和104 ppm 3-HB。
实施例3
载体对照菌株的发酵不生产乙酰乙酸或3HB
对于扬氏梭菌pEmpty的细胞培养,使5 mL培养物厌氧生长于具有约400 mg/L L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐和400 mg/L Na2S×9H2O,给予100 mg/L红霉素的500 ml培养基(ATCC1754培养基:pH 6.0;20 g/L MES;1 g/L酵母提取物,0.8 g/L NaCl,1 g/L NH4Cl,0.1 g/L KCl,0.1g/L KH2PO4,0.2 g/L MgSO4×7H2O;0.02 g/L CaCl2×2H2O;20 mg/L次氮基三乙酸10 mg/LMnSO4×H2O;8 mg/L (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2×6H2O;2 mg/L CoCl2×6H2O;2 mg/L ZnSO4×7H2O;0.2mg/L CuCl2×2H2O;0.2 mg/L Na2MoO4×2H2O;0.2 mg/L NiCl2×6H2O;0.2 mg//L Na2SeO4;0.2 mg/L Na2WO4×2H2O;20μg/L d-生物素,20μg/L叶酸,100 g/L吡哆醇-HCl;50μg/L硫胺素-HCl×H2O;50μg/L核黄素;50μg/L烟酸,50μg/L泛酸钙,1μg/L维生素B12;50μg/L对氨基苯甲酸盐;50μg/L硫辛酸,约67.5 mg/L NaOH)中。在具有由67% H2,33% CO2组成的预混合气体混合物的1 L玻璃瓶中,于37℃、150 rpm和3 L/h的通气在开放水浴摇床中,一式两份地进行70.3 h的培养。
气体通过安装在反应器中部充气管(gassing tube)处的孔径为10微米的过滤器进入培养基。取样时各取5 ml样品测定OD600nm、pH和产物范围。产物浓度的测定通过半定量1H-NMR波谱学进行。使用三甲基甲硅烷丙酸钠(T(M)SP)作为内部定量标准。既没有生产乙酰乙酸也没有生产3HB。
实施例4
C. autoethanogenum pTCts在CO、H
2
和CO
2
上发酵显示3HB生产
对于C. autoethanogenum pTCts的细胞培养,使5 mL培养物厌氧生长于具有约400mg/L L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐和400 mg/L Na2S×9H2O,给予100 mg/L红霉素的500 ml培养基(ATCC1754培养基:pH 6.0;20 g/L MES;1 g/L酵母提取物,0.8 g/L NaCl,1 g/L NH4Cl,0.1 g/L KCl,0.1 g/L KH2PO4,0.2 g/L MgSO4×7H2O;0.02 g/L CaCl2×2H2O;20 mg/L次氮基三乙酸10 mg/L MnSO4×H2O;8 mg/L (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2×6H2O;2 mg/L CoCl2×6H2O;2 mg/LZnSO4×7H2O;0.2 mg/L CuCl2×2H2O;0.2 mg/L Na2MoO4×2H2O;0.2 mg/L NiCl2×6H2O;0.2mg//L Na2SeO4;0.2 mg/L Na2WO4×2H2O;20μg/L d-生物素,20μg/L叶酸,100 g/L吡哆醇-HCl;50μg/L硫胺素-HCl×H2O;50μg/L核黄素;50μg/L烟酸,50μg/L泛酸钙,1μg/L维生素B12;50μg/L对氨基苯甲酸盐;50μg/L硫辛酸,约67.5 mg/L NaOH)中。在具有由55% CO、20%H2、10% CO2和15% N2组成的预混合气体混合物的1 L玻璃瓶中,于37℃、150 rpm和3 L/h的通气在开放水浴摇床中,一式两份地进行7天的培养。
气体通过安装在反应器中部充气管(gassing tube)中的孔径为10微米的过滤器进入培养基。取样时取5 ml样品测定OD600、pH和产物范围。产物浓度的测定通过半定量1H-NMR波谱学进行。使用三甲基甲硅烷丙酸钠(T(M)SP)作为内部定量标准。修饰的菌株在7天内生产40 ppm的3-HB。
实施例5
C. autoethanogenum载体对照菌株的发酵不生产乙酰乙酸或3HB
对于C. autoethanogenum pEmpty的细胞培养,使5 mL培养物厌氧生长于具有约400mg/L L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐和400 mg/L Na2S×9H2O,给予100 mg/L红霉素的500 ml培养基(ATCC1754培养基:pH 6.0;20 g/L MES;1 g/L酵母提取物,0.8 g/L NaCl,1 g/L NH4Cl,0.1 g/L KCl,0.1 g/L KH2PO4,0.2 g/L MgSO4×7H2O;0.02 g/L CaCl2×2H2O;20 mg/L次氮基三乙酸10 mg/L MnSO4×H2O;8 mg/L (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2×6H2O;2 mg/L CoCl2×6H2O;2 mg/LZnSO4×7H2O;0.2 mg/L CuCl2×2H2O;0.2 mg/L Na2MoO4×2H2O;0.2 mg/L NiCl2×6H2O;0.2mg//L Na2SeO4;0.2 mg/L Na2WO4×2H2O;20μg/L d-生物素,20μg/L叶酸,100 g/L吡哆醇-HCl;50μg/L硫胺素-HCl×H2O;50μg/L核黄素;50μg/L烟酸,50μg/L泛酸钙,1μg/L维生素B12;50μg/L对氨基苯甲酸盐;50μg/L硫辛酸,约67.5 mg/L NaOH)中。在具有由55% CO、20%H2、10% CO2组成的预混合气体混合物的1 L玻璃瓶中,于37℃、150 rpm和3 L/h的通气在开放水浴摇床中,一式两份地进行7天的培养。
气体通过安装在反应器中部充气管(gassing tube)中的孔径为10微米的过滤器进入培养基。取样时取5 ml样品测定OD600nm、pH和产物范围。产物浓度的测定通过半定量1H-NMR波谱学进行。使用三甲基甲硅烷丙酸钠(T(M)SP)作为内部定量标准。既没有生产乙酰乙酸也没有生产3HB。
参考文献
序列表
<110> Evonik Industries AG
<120> 3-羟基丁酸的生产
<130> 201400344EP
<150> 15178769.4
<151> 2015-07-29
<160> 8
<170> PatentIn version 3.5
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atgaaagaag ttgtaatagc tagtgcagta agaacagcga ttggatctta tggaaagtct 60
cttaaggatg taccagcagt agatttagga gctacagcta taaaggaagc agttaaaaaa 120
gcaggaataa aaccagagga tgttaatgaa gtcattttag gaaatgttct tcaagcaggt 180
ttaggacaga atccagcaag acaggcatct tttaaagcag gattaccagt tgaaattcca 240
gctatgacta ttaataaggt ttgtggttca ggacttagaa cagttagctt agcagcacaa 300
attataaaag caggagatgc tgacgtaata atagcaggtg gtatggaaaa tatgtctaga 360
gctccttact tagcgaataa cgctagatgg ggatatagaa tgggaaacgc taaatttgtt 420
gatgaaatga tcactgacgg attgtgggat gcatttaatg attaccacat gggaataaca 480
gcagaaaaca tagctgagag atggaacatt tcaagagaag aacaagatga gtttgctctt 540
gcatcacaaa aaaaagctga agaagctata aaatcaggtc aatttaaaga tgaaatagtt 600
cctgtagtaa ttaaaggcag aaagggagaa actgtagttg atacagatga gcaccctaga 660
tttggatcaa ctatagaagg acttgcaaaa ttaaaacctg ccttcaaaaa agatggaaca 720
gttacagctg gtaatgcatc aggattaaat gactgtgcag cagtacttgt aatcatgagt 780
gcagaaaaag ctaaagagct tggagtaaaa ccacttgcta agatagtttc ttatggttca 840
gcaggagttg acccagcaat aatgggatat ggacctttct atgcaacaaa agcagctatt 900
gaaaaagcag gttggacagt tgatgaatta gatttaatag aatcaaatga agcttttgca 960
gctcaaagtt tagcagtagc aaaagattta aaatttgata tgaataaagt aaatgtaaat 1020
ggaggagcta ttgcccttgg tcatccaatt ggagcatcag gtgcaagaat actcgttact 1080
cttgtacacg caatgcaaaa aagagatgca aaaaaaggct tagcaacttt atgtataggt 1140
ggcggacaag gaacagcaat attgctagaa aagtgctag 1179
<210> 2
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Met Lys Glu Val Val Ile Ala Ser Ala Val Arg Thr Ala Ile Gly Ser
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Tyr Gly Lys Ser Leu Lys Asp Val Pro Ala Val Asp Leu Gly Ala Thr
20 25 30
Ala Ile Lys Glu Ala Val Lys Lys Ala Gly Ile Lys Pro Glu Asp Val
35 40 45
Asn Glu Val Ile Leu Gly Asn Val Leu Gln Ala Gly Leu Gly Gln Asn
50 55 60
Pro Ala Arg Gln Ala Ser Phe Lys Ala Gly Leu Pro Val Glu Ile Pro
65 70 75 80
Ala Met Thr Ile Asn Lys Val Cys Gly Ser Gly Leu Arg Thr Val Ser
85 90 95
Leu Ala Ala Gln Ile Ile Lys Ala Gly Asp Ala Asp Val Ile Ile Ala
100 105 110
Gly Gly Met Glu Asn Met Ser Arg Ala Pro Tyr Leu Ala Asn Asn Ala
115 120 125
Arg Trp Gly Tyr Arg Met Gly Asn Ala Lys Phe Val Asp Glu Met Ile
130 135 140
Thr Asp Gly Leu Trp Asp Ala Phe Asn Asp Tyr His Met Gly Ile Thr
145 150 155 160
Ala Glu Asn Ile Ala Glu Arg Trp Asn Ile Ser Arg Glu Glu Gln Asp
165 170 175
Glu Phe Ala Leu Ala Ser Gln Lys Lys Ala Glu Glu Ala Ile Lys Ser
180 185 190
Gly Gln Phe Lys Asp Glu Ile Val Pro Val Val Ile Lys Gly Arg Lys
195 200 205
Gly Glu Thr Val Val Asp Thr Asp Glu His Pro Arg Phe Gly Ser Thr
210 215 220
Ile Glu Gly Leu Ala Lys Leu Lys Pro Ala Phe Lys Lys Asp Gly Thr
225 230 235 240
Val Thr Ala Gly Asn Ala Ser Gly Leu Asn Asp Cys Ala Ala Val Leu
245 250 255
Val Ile Met Ser Ala Glu Lys Ala Lys Glu Leu Gly Val Lys Pro Leu
260 265 270
Ala Lys Ile Val Ser Tyr Gly Ser Ala Gly Val Asp Pro Ala Ile Met
275 280 285
Gly Tyr Gly Pro Phe Tyr Ala Thr Lys Ala Ala Ile Glu Lys Ala Gly
290 295 300
Trp Thr Val Asp Glu Leu Asp Leu Ile Glu Ser Asn Glu Ala Phe Ala
305 310 315 320
Ala Gln Ser Leu Ala Val Ala Lys Asp Leu Lys Phe Asp Met Asn Lys
325 330 335
Val Asn Val Asn Gly Gly Ala Ile Ala Leu Gly His Pro Ile Gly Ala
340 345 350
Ser Gly Ala Arg Ile Leu Val Thr Leu Val His Ala Met Gln Lys Arg
355 360 365
Asp Ala Lys Lys Gly Leu Ala Thr Leu Cys Ile Gly Gly Gly Gln Gly
370 375 380
Thr Ala Ile Leu Leu Glu Lys Cys
385 390
<210> 3
<211> 657
<212> DNA
<213> 丙酮丁醇梭菌(Clostridium acetobutylicum)
<400> 3
atgaactcta aaataattag atttgaaaat ttaaggtcat tctttaaaga tgggatgaca 60
attatgattg gaggtttttt aaactgtggc actccaacca aattaattga ttttttagtt 120
aatttaaata taaagaattt aacgattata agtaatgata catgttatcc taatacaggt 180
attggtaagt taatatcaaa taatcaagta aaaaagctta ttgcttcata tataggcagc 240
aacccagata ctggcaaaaa actttttaat aatgaacttg aagtagagct ctctccccaa 300
ggaactctag tggaaagaat acgtgcaggc ggatctggct taggtggtgt actaactaaa 360
acaggtttag gaactttgat tgaaaaagga aagaaaaaaa tatctataaa tggaacggaa 420
tatttgttag agctacctct tacagccgat gtagcattaa ttaaaggtag tattgtagat 480
gaggccggaa acaccttcta taaaggtact actaaaaact ttaatcccta tatggcaatg 540
gcagctaaaa ccgtaatagt tgaagctgaa aatttagtta gctgtgaaaa actagaaaag 600
gaaaaagcaa tgacccccgg agttcttata aattatatag taaaggagcc tgcataa 657
<210> 4
<211> 218
<212> PRT
<213> 丙酮丁醇梭菌(Clostridium acetobutylicum)
<400> 4
Met Asn Ser Lys Ile Ile Arg Phe Glu Asn Leu Arg Ser Phe Phe Lys
1 5 10 15
Asp Gly Met Thr Ile Met Ile Gly Gly Phe Leu Asn Cys Gly Thr Pro
20 25 30
Thr Lys Leu Ile Asp Phe Leu Val Asn Leu Asn Ile Lys Asn Leu Thr
35 40 45
Ile Ile Ser Asn Asp Thr Cys Tyr Pro Asn Thr Gly Ile Gly Lys Leu
50 55 60
Ile Ser Asn Asn Gln Val Lys Lys Leu Ile Ala Ser Tyr Ile Gly Ser
65 70 75 80
Asn Pro Asp Thr Gly Lys Lys Leu Phe Asn Asn Glu Leu Glu Val Glu
85 90 95
Leu Ser Pro Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Glu Arg Ile Arg Ala Gly Gly Ser
100 105 110
Gly Leu Gly Gly Val Leu Thr Lys Thr Gly Leu Gly Thr Leu Ile Glu
115 120 125
Lys Gly Lys Lys Lys Ile Ser Ile Asn Gly Thr Glu Tyr Leu Leu Glu
130 135 140
Leu Pro Leu Thr Ala Asp Val Ala Leu Ile Lys Gly Ser Ile Val Asp
145 150 155 160
Glu Ala Gly Asn Thr Phe Tyr Lys Gly Thr Thr Lys Asn Phe Asn Pro
165 170 175
Tyr Met Ala Met Ala Ala Lys Thr Val Ile Val Glu Ala Glu Asn Leu
180 185 190
Val Ser Cys Glu Lys Leu Glu Lys Glu Lys Ala Met Thr Pro Gly Val
195 200 205
Leu Ile Asn Tyr Ile Val Lys Glu Pro Ala
210 215
<210> 5
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<212> DNA
<213> 丙酮丁醇梭菌(Clostridium acetobutylicum)
<400> 5
atgattaatg ataaaaacct agcgaaagaa ataatagcca aaagagttgc aagagaatta 60
aaaaatggtc aacttgtaaa cttaggtgta ggtcttccta ccatggttgc agattatata 120
ccaaaaaatt tcaaaattac tttccaatca gaaaacggaa tagttggaat gggcgctagt 180
cctaaaataa atgaggcaga taaagatgta gtaaatgcag gaggagacta tacaacagta 240
cttcctgacg gcacattttt cgatagctca gtttcgtttt cactaatccg tggtggtcac 300
gtagatgtta ctgttttagg ggctctccag gtagatgaaa agggtaatat agccaattgg 360
attgttcctg gaaaaatgct ctctggtatg ggtggagcta tggatttagt aaatggagct 420
aagaaagtaa taattgcaat gagacataca aataaaggtc aacctaaaat tttaaaaaaa 480
tgtacacttc ccctcacggc aaagtctcaa gcaaatctaa ttgtaacaga acttggagta 540
attgaggtta ttaatgatgg tttacttctc actgaaatta ataaaaacac aaccattgat 600
gaaataaggt ctttaactgc tgcagattta ctcatatcca atgaacttag acccatggct 660
gtttag 666
<210> 6
<211> 221
<212> PRT
<213> 丙酮丁醇梭菌(Clostridium acetobutylicum)
<400> 6
Met Ile Asn Asp Lys Asn Leu Ala Lys Glu Ile Ile Ala Lys Arg Val
1 5 10 15
Ala Arg Glu Leu Lys Asn Gly Gln Leu Val Asn Leu Gly Val Gly Leu
20 25 30
Pro Thr Met Val Ala Asp Tyr Ile Pro Lys Asn Phe Lys Ile Thr Phe
35 40 45
Gln Ser Glu Asn Gly Ile Val Gly Met Gly Ala Ser Pro Lys Ile Asn
50 55 60
Glu Ala Asp Lys Asp Val Val Asn Ala Gly Gly Asp Tyr Thr Thr Val
65 70 75 80
Leu Pro Asp Gly Thr Phe Phe Asp Ser Ser Val Ser Phe Ser Leu Ile
85 90 95
Arg Gly Gly His Val Asp Val Thr Val Leu Gly Ala Leu Gln Val Asp
100 105 110
Glu Lys Gly Asn Ile Ala Asn Trp Ile Val Pro Gly Lys Met Leu Ser
115 120 125
Gly Met Gly Gly Ala Met Asp Leu Val Asn Gly Ala Lys Lys Val Ile
130 135 140
Ile Ala Met Arg His Thr Asn Lys Gly Gln Pro Lys Ile Leu Lys Lys
145 150 155 160
Cys Thr Leu Pro Leu Thr Ala Lys Ser Gln Ala Asn Leu Ile Val Thr
165 170 175
Glu Leu Gly Val Ile Glu Val Ile Asn Asp Gly Leu Leu Leu Thr Glu
180 185 190
Ile Asn Lys Asn Thr Thr Ile Asp Glu Ile Arg Ser Leu Thr Ala Ala
195 200 205
Asp Leu Leu Ile Ser Asn Glu Leu Arg Pro Met Ala Val
210 215 220
<210> 7
<211> 1056
<212> DNA
<213> 拜氏梭菌(Clostridium beijerinckii)
<400> 7
atgaaaggtt ttgcaatgct aggtattaat aagttaggat ggatcgaaaa agaaaggcca 60
gttgcgggtt catatgatgc tattgtacgc ccattagcag tatctccgtg tacatcagat 120
atacatactg tttttgaggg agctcttgga gataggaaga atatgatttt agggcatgaa 180
gctgtaggtg aagttgttga agtaggaagt gaagtgaagg attttaaacc tggtgacaga 240
gttatagttc cttgtacaac tccagattgg agatctttgg aagttcaagc tggttttcaa 300
cagcactcaa acggtatgct cgcaggatgg aaattttcaa atttcaagga tggagttttt 360
ggtgaatatt ttcatgtaaa tgatgcggat atgaatcttg cgattctacc taaagacatg 420
ccattagaaa atgctgttat gataacagat atgatgacta ctggatttca tggagcagaa 480
cttgcagata ttcaaatggg ttcaagtgtt gtggtaattg gcattggagc tgttggctta 540
atgggaatag caggtgctaa attacgtgga gcaggtagaa taattggagt ggggagcagg 600
ccgatttgtg ttgaggctgc aaaattttat ggagcaacag atattctaaa ttataaaaat 660
ggtcatatag ttgatcaagt tatgaaatta acgaatggaa aaggcgttga ccgcgtaatt 720
atggcaggcg gtggttctga aacattatcc caagcagtat ctatggttaa accaggagga 780
ataatttcta atataaatta tcatggaagt ggagatgctt tactaatacc acgtgtagaa 840
tggggatgtg gaatggctca caagactata aaaggaggtc tttgtcctgg gggacgtttg 900
agagcagaaa tgttaagaga tatggtagta tataatcgtg ttgatctaag taaattagtt 960
acacatgtat atcatggatt tgatcacata gaagaagcac tgttattaat gaaagacaag 1020
ccaaaagact taattaaagc agtagttata ttataa 1056
<210> 8
<211> 351
<212> PRT
<213> 拜氏梭菌(Clostridium beijerinckii)
<400> 8
Met Lys Gly Phe Ala Met Leu Gly Ile Asn Lys Leu Gly Trp Ile Glu
1 5 10 15
Lys Glu Arg Pro Val Ala Gly Ser Tyr Asp Ala Ile Val Arg Pro Leu
20 25 30
Ala Val Ser Pro Cys Thr Ser Asp Ile His Thr Val Phe Glu Gly Ala
35 40 45
Leu Gly Asp Arg Lys Asn Met Ile Leu Gly His Glu Ala Val Gly Glu
50 55 60
Val Val Glu Val Gly Ser Glu Val Lys Asp Phe Lys Pro Gly Asp Arg
65 70 75 80
Val Ile Val Pro Cys Thr Thr Pro Asp Trp Arg Ser Leu Glu Val Gln
85 90 95
Ala Gly Phe Gln Gln His Ser Asn Gly Met Leu Ala Gly Trp Lys Phe
100 105 110
Ser Asn Phe Lys Asp Gly Val Phe Gly Glu Tyr Phe His Val Asn Asp
115 120 125
Ala Asp Met Asn Leu Ala Ile Leu Pro Lys Asp Met Pro Leu Glu Asn
130 135 140
Ala Val Met Ile Thr Asp Met Met Thr Thr Gly Phe His Gly Ala Glu
145 150 155 160
Leu Ala Asp Ile Gln Met Gly Ser Ser Val Val Val Ile Gly Ile Gly
165 170 175
Ala Val Gly Leu Met Gly Ile Ala Gly Ala Lys Leu Arg Gly Ala Gly
180 185 190
Arg Ile Ile Gly Val Gly Ser Arg Pro Ile Cys Val Glu Ala Ala Lys
195 200 205
Phe Tyr Gly Ala Thr Asp Ile Leu Asn Tyr Lys Asn Gly His Ile Val
210 215 220
Asp Gln Val Met Lys Leu Thr Asn Gly Lys Gly Val Asp Arg Val Ile
225 230 235 240
Met Ala Gly Gly Gly Ser Glu Thr Leu Ser Gln Ala Val Ser Met Val
245 250 255
Lys Pro Gly Gly Ile Ile Ser Asn Ile Asn Tyr His Gly Ser Gly Asp
260 265 270
Ala Leu Leu Ile Pro Arg Val Glu Trp Gly Cys Gly Met Ala His Lys
275 280 285
Thr Ile Lys Gly Gly Leu Cys Pro Gly Gly Arg Leu Arg Ala Glu Met
290 295 300
Leu Arg Asp Met Val Val Tyr Asn Arg Val Asp Leu Ser Lys Leu Val
305 310 315 320
Thr His Val Tyr His Gly Phe Asp His Ile Glu Glu Ala Leu Leu Leu
325 330 335
Met Lys Asp Lys Pro Lys Asp Leu Ile Lys Ala Val Val Ile Leu
340 345 350
Claims (14)
1.能够生产乙酰乙酸、3-羟基丁酸和/或3-羟基丁酸变体的微生物细胞,其中所述细胞被基因修饰以包含相对于其野生型细胞下述增加的表达:
- 能够催化乙酰辅酶A转化成乙酰乙酰辅酶A的酶E1;
- 能够催化乙酰乙酰辅酶A转化为乙酰乙酸的酶E2;和
- 能够催化乙酰乙酸转化为3-羟基丁酸和/或其变体的酶E3,且其中所述基因修饰细胞具有降低的乙酰乙酸脱羧酶(Adc;EC 4.1.1.4)表达或不表达乙酰乙酸脱羧酶(Adc;EC4.1.1.4)。
2.根据权利要求1的细胞,其中E1是硫解酶,E2是乙酰乙酸辅酶A转移酶和/或E3是仲醇脱氢酶。
3.根据权利要求1或2的细胞,其中硫解酶(E1)来自丙酮丁醇梭菌(C. acetobutylicum)。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项的细胞,其中所述乙酰乙酸辅酶A转移酶(E2)来自丙酮丁醇梭菌(C. acetobutylicum)。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项的细胞,其中所述仲醇脱氢酶(E3)来自拜氏梭菌(C. beijerinckii)。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项的细胞,其中
- E1包含与SEQ ID NO:2的60%序列同一性,
- E2包含与SEQ ID NO:4或6的60%序列同一性,和/或
- E3包含与SEQ ID NO:NO:8的60%序列同一性。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项的细胞,其中
- E1包含SEQ ID NO:2,
- E2包含SEQ ID NO:4和6,以及
- E3包含SEQ ID NO:8。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项的细胞,其中所述细胞是产乙酸细胞。
9.根据权利要求8的细胞,其中所述产乙酸细胞选自Clostridium autothenogenum DSMZ 19630、Clostridium ragsdahlei ATCC no. BAA-622、Clostridium autoethanogenum、穆尔氏菌属物种(Moorella sp.)HUC22-1、热醋穆尔氏菌(Moorella thermoaceticum)、热自养穆尔氏菌(Moorella thermoautotrophica)、产生瘤胃球菌(Ruminococcus productus)、厌氧醋菌属(Acetoanaerobum)、普氏产醋杆菌(Oxobacter pfennigii)、巴氏甲烷八叠球菌(Methanosarcina barkeri)、噬乙酸甲烷八叠球菌(Methanosarcina acetivorans)、氧化碳嗜热菌属(Carboxydothermus)、库氏脱硫肠状菌(Desulfotomaculum kuznetsovii)、热球菌属(Pyrococcus)、消化链球菌属(Peptostreptococcus)、食甲基丁酸杆菌(Butyribacterium methylotrophicum) ATCC33266、蚁酸醋酸梭菌(Clostridium formicoaceticum)、丁酸梭菌(Clostridium butyricum)、德氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus delbrukii)、产丙酸丙酸杆菌(Propionibacterium acidoproprionici)、栖树丙酸螺菌(Proprionispera arboris)、产琥珀酸厌氧螺菌(Anaerobierspirillum succiniproducens)、嗜淀粉拟杆菌(Bacterioides amylophilus)、栖瘤胃拟杆菌(Becterioides ruminicola)、凯伍热厌氧菌(Thermoanaerobacter kivui)、伍氏醋酸杆菌(Acetobacterium woodii)、潮湿厌氧醋菌(Acetoanaerobium notera)、醋酸梭菌(Clostridium aceticum)、食甲基丁酸杆菌(Butyribacterium methylotrophicum)、热醋穆尔氏菌(Moorella thermoacetica)、粘液真杆菌(Eubacterium limosum)、产生消化链球菌(Peptostreptococcus productus)、扬氏梭菌(Clostridium ljungdahlii)、梭菌属(Clostridium)ATCC 29797和Clostridium carboxidivorans。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项的细胞,其中所述细胞是扬氏梭菌或Clostridium autothenogenum DSMZ 10061。
11.生产乙酰乙酸、3-羟基丁酸和/或3-羟基丁酸变体的方法,所述方法包含
- 使根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的重组微生物细胞与包含碳源的培养基接触。
12.根据权利要求11的方法,其中所述碳源包含CO2和/或CO。
13.根据权利要求11或12的方法,其中所述碳源包含50%或更多H2。
14.根据权利要求1至10中任一项的细胞用于生产乙酰乙酸、3-羟基丁酸和/或3-羟基丁酸变体的用途。
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PCT/EP2016/066875 WO2017016902A1 (en) | 2015-07-29 | 2016-07-15 | Production of 3-hydroxybutyrate |
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CN110093302A (zh) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-08-06 | 浙江华睿生物技术有限公司 | 一种乳杆菌突变菌株及其应用 |
CN112760256A (zh) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-05-07 | 南京工业大学 | 一株耐高浓度甲醇、高产丁醇食甲基丁酸杆菌及其制备方法 |
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MX2019005420A (es) * | 2017-04-04 | 2019-11-18 | Nnb Nutrition Usa Llc | Preparacion de acido (r)-3-hidroxibutirico o sus sales mediante fermentacion de una etapa. |
CN107083406B (zh) * | 2017-05-27 | 2021-02-02 | 浙江华睿生物技术有限公司 | (r)-3-羟基丁酸的生产方法 |
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CN112760256A (zh) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-05-07 | 南京工业大学 | 一株耐高浓度甲醇、高产丁醇食甲基丁酸杆菌及其制备方法 |
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CN107709542B (zh) | 2021-08-17 |
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