CN107691072A - A kind of golden camellia afforestation planting technology - Google Patents
A kind of golden camellia afforestation planting technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN107691072A CN107691072A CN201710956837.7A CN201710956837A CN107691072A CN 107691072 A CN107691072 A CN 107691072A CN 201710956837 A CN201710956837 A CN 201710956837A CN 107691072 A CN107691072 A CN 107691072A
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- golden camellia
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of golden camellia afforestation planting technology, it includes step successively：Forest land selects；Forest land is cleared up；Site preparation；Return table soil；Base manure discharges；Planting suitable time is at the beginning of the spring or plum rain season, i.e., 3 May early and middle ten dayses；The nutrient bag seedling of 10~15cm of selection of seedling height of seedling 2 years raw no disease and pests harms.Forest land selection canopy density are 50~70% coniferous forests, and underwood planting plant 56 plants/acre (disregarding original forest), pattern is sylvan life tree-dimentional growing model.The present invention improves golden camellia afforestation survival rate and retention rate, and accelerates the golden camellia speed of growth and improve yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one kind afforestation implantation methods, more particularly to a kind of golden camellia afforestation planting technology.
Background technology
Golden camellia is one of first-grade state protection plant, and it is a kind of ancient plant, extremely rare, and distribution is extremely narrow
Narrow, the wild golden camellia in the whole world 90% is only distributed in the blue band of mountain offshoot one of Guangxi China Fangchenggang City Shiwan Dashan, growth
Below 700 meters of height above sea level, more typical with the scope between 200~500 meters of height above sea level, the lower limit of vertical distribution is 20 meters of left sides of height above sea level
It is right.
Golden camellia has high medical value, containing more than 400 kinds of nutriments, has no toxic side effect.Rich in tea polysaccharide, tea
Polyphenol, Total saponin, general flavone, Tea Pigment, caffeine, protein, vitamin B1, B2, vitamin C, vitamin E, folic acid, fat
A variety of natural nutrition compositions such as acid, B- carrotene；Golden camellia contains tens kinds of amino acid such as theanine, threonine, and is rich in
There are a variety of natural organic germaniums (Ge) to human body with important health-care effect, selenium (Se), molybdenum (Mo), zinc (Zn), vanadium (V) etc. micro
Element, and the macroelement such as potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), but golden camellia has special color and luster gene DNA, and it is multiplied
It is difficult to be replicated, plant survival rate and storage rate is relatively low, growth yields poorly slowly, up for further research.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide one kind to improve golden camellia afforestation survival rate and retention rate, accelerates the speed of growth and carries
The high planting technology of yield.
The present invention above-mentioned technical purpose technical scheme is that：
A kind of golden camellia afforestation planting technology, it is characterised in that：Include step successively：
(1) golden camellia species is selected：Anti- city golden camellia, aobvious lode gold camellia, concave veins golden camellia, Middle East golden camellia and four seasons gold
Camellia；
(2) selection kind plantation：The plantation quality of stand puts boundary in 112 ° of 40 22 ° of 52 ˊ of ˊ~22 ° 54 of north latitude, east longitude ˊ of ˊ~112 ° 42,
And canopy density are 50~70% needle pine forest, in its forest interplanting golden camellia；
(3) forest land is cleared up：By the way of adjustment is sparselyed fell in banding cleaning and forest.The miscellaneous filling of growth belt, weeds are whole
Remove；
(4) plant hole specification and density：It is 56 plants/acre (disregarding original forest) to dig cave density, 4 × 3 meters of seeding row spacing；
(5) site preparation：Cave soil all clears out cave side during site preparation, and table mound is put in the both sides in cave；Cubsoil is stacked under cave
Side, both can not mix stackings, be easy to table soil go back to cave；
(6) table soil is returned：It is required that the table soil around topsoil and cave when filling out back cutting cave, is filled to half cave height；
(7) base manure discharges：Often spread manuer in holes special fertilizer for oil-tea camellia (organic fertilizer inorganic composite mixed fertilizer) or peanut press pulp 1kg；
(8) suitable time is planted：3-5 month early and middle ten dayses；
(9) nursery stock specification：Height of seedling requires the nutrient bag seedling of 10~15cm 2 years raw no disease and pests harms；
(10) planting density and pattern：56 plants/acre (disregarding original forest) are transplanted in underwood planting, and pattern is the three-dimensional kind of sylvan life
Implant model；
(11) water and fertilizer management：Golden camellia must be irrigated in time in rainless weather, need to typically be watered once sooner or later in fine day,
Special arid season should take the method poured water in the fall；
(12) tending management technology：Require that continuous foster is managed and protected 3 years after plant, foster every year twice.To the effect that shovel
Grass, loosen the soil, apply fertilizer, after-culture, ridging, expand cave work.
Preferably, in step (2) the kind plantation based on mountain and hill, soil is the relatively thin red soil of soil layer；Rainfall is filled
It is abundant, weather moistening.
Preferably, the step (3), needle pine forest is made in the form of transformation is sparselyed fell canopy density be maintained at 0.5~
0.7。
Preferably, the step (4) does not require strictly to embark on journey in column, can suit measures to local conditions, it is allowed to displacement ± 50 centimetre, but will
Ensure that nursery stock is not at the position of solar exposure.
Preferably, the step (6) notices that chad, miscellaneous branch not backfill into, and clod will be smashed, and debris will be cleared up.
Preferably, the step (7) is often spreaded manuer in holes special fertilizer for oil-tea camellia (organic fertilizer inorganic composite mixed fertilizer) or peanut press pulp 1kg.
Preferably, step (12) the shovel grass requires the weeds cleaning around treelet in 2 square metres；Loosen the soil suitable deep；Fertilising
Every plant is applied compound organic and inorganic fertilizer 0.2kg every time.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, the afforestation season is i.e. 3-5 month early and middle ten dayses at the beginning of the spring or plum rain season；Winter temperature is relatively low to take root slowly；Summer gas
Temperature is high and has typhoon to pass by frequently；Autumn is rainy, easily rotten；
2nd, the present invention is by selecting suitable golden camellia nursery stock, using the whole soil of suitable method, digging cave, basal dressing, choosing
The technical measures such as suitable season and weather, perfect water and fertilizer management and tending management are selected, improve the surrival rate of afforestation of golden camellia
And storage rate.
Preferably, in step (2) the kind plantation based on mountain and hill, soil is the relatively thin red soil of soil layer；Rainfall is filled
It is abundant, weather moistening.
Preferably, the step (3), needle pine forest is made in the form of transformation is sparselyed fell canopy density be maintained at 0.5~
0.7。
Preferably, the step (4) does not require strictly to embark on journey in column, can suit measures to local conditions, it is allowed to displacement ± 50 centimetre, but will
Ensure that nursery stock is not at daylight Exposure to Sunlight position.
Preferably, the step (6) notices that chad, miscellaneous branch not backfill into, and clod will be smashed, and debris will be cleared up.
Preferably, the step (7) is often spreaded manuer in holes special fertilizer for oil-tea camellia (organic fertilizer inorganic composite mixed fertilizer) or peanut press pulp 1kg.
Preferably, step (12) the shovel grass requires the weeds cleaning around treelet in 2 square metres；Loosen the soil suitable deep；Fertilising
Every plant is applied compound organic and inorganic fertilizer 0.2kg every time.
Obtain significantly improving the invention enables the afforestation survival rate and retention rate of golden camellia.And step is scientific and reasonable,
Planting conditions more meet with growth key element, accelerate the speed of growth of golden camellia, improve the yield of golden camellia.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below.
1st, golden camellia species：
Afforestation golden camellia used shares 5 kinds, be respectively the common golden camellia in anti-city, aobvious lode gold camellia, concave veins golden camellia, in
Eastern golden camellia and four seasons golden camellia.
2nd, the selection of plantation is planted：
Kind plantation circle is 50~70% pins in 112 ° of 40 22 ° of 52 ˊ of ˊ~22 ° 54 of north latitude, east longitude ˊ of ˊ~112 ° 42, canopy density
Leaf pine forest, in its forest interplanting golden camellia.In kind plantation based on mountain and hill, the relatively thin red soil of soil layer is selected.Rainfall is abundant,
Weather moistens, and is adapted to the growth of plant of theaceae.Kind plantation dominant tree is wet-land pine tree, and understory species are with hill gooseberry, leaf of plum winter
Based on green grass or young crops, awns beanstalk, Chinese silvergrass, rice-pudding leaf reed plant etc..
4th, forest land is cleared up：By the way of adjustment is sparselyed fell in banding cleaning and forest.The miscellaneous filling of growth belt, weeds are all removed
Go.Canopy density are made to be maintained at 0.5~0.7 in the form of transformation is sparselyed fell needle pine forest.
5th, plant hole specification and density：It is 56 plants/acre to dig cave density, 4 × 3 meters of seeding row spacing, is not required strictly to embark on journey in column, can
Suit measures to local conditions, it is allowed to displacement ± 50 centimetre, but to ensure that nursery stock is not at daylight Exposure to Sunlight position.
6th, site preparation：Cave soil all clears out cave side during site preparation, and table mound is put in the both sides in cave；Cubsoil is stacked under cave
Side, both can not mix stackings, be easy to table soil go back to cave.
7th, table soil is returned：After bright cave winter shines, after the lunar calendar first month of the lunar year the eighth day of lunar month in next year or mid-February, i.e., carries out back the geotechnological work of table.
It is required that the table soil around topsoil and cave when filling out back cutting cave, is filled to the high left and right in half cave.Pay attention to chad, miscellaneous branch not backfill into
Go, clod will be smashed, and debris will be cleared up.
8th, base manure discharges：Often spread manuer in holes special fertilizer for oil-tea camellia (organic fertilizer inorganic composite mixed fertilizer) or peanut press pulp 1kg.Basal dressing and return
The procedure calls of table soil are fully completed before plant.
9th, suitable time is planted：
At the beginning of spring or plum rain season, i.e. 3-5 month early and middle ten dayses；Winter temperature is relatively low to take root slowly；Summer temperature is high and has frequently
Typhoon passes by；Autumn is rainy, easily rotten.
10th, nursery stock specification：
Height of seedling requires the nutrient bag seedling of 10~15cm 2 years raw no disease and pests harms.(nursery stock rule must be spot-check before afforestation of going up a hill
Simultaneously record achieves lattice in detail, and meeting regulation can just go up a hill afforestation.)
11st, planting density and pattern：
56 plants/acre (disregarding original forest) are transplanted in underwood planting, and pattern is sylvan life tree-dimentional growing model.
12nd, water and fertilizer management：
Golden camellia must be irrigated in time in rainless weather, just can guarantee that normal growth, typically need to water in the fine day morning and evening
Once, special arid season should take the method poured water in the fall, douche not only native face moistening, and may penetrate into root with
Lower soil layer；Fertilizer preferably selects the fertilizer such as Special fertilizer for oil tea, peanut press pulp.
13rd, tending management technology：
Require that continuous foster is managed and protected 3 years after plant, foster every year twice.To the effect that shovel is careless, loosens the soil, applies fertilizer, mending
Plant, earth up, expanding cave work.Shovel grass requires the weeds cleaning around treelet in 2 square metres；Loosen the soil suitable deep；Apply fertilizer every plant and apply every time
Compound organic and inorganic fertilizer 0.2kg.
14th, afforestation effect is planted
The present invention has good effect to the speed of growth and storage rate of golden flower tea trees.In April, 2015 establishes demonstration forest
300 mu, plantation hair valve Camellia nitidissima, four seasons Camellia nitidissima, Camellia euphlebia, anti-general four kinds of Camellia nitidissimas of Camellia nitidissima, maturation history monitoring
Situation such as following table, end on June 29th, 2017, hair valve Camellia nitidissima storage rate is 80.30%, average plant height 61.31cm, average
Hat width is 31.89cm*30.79cm；Four seasons Camellia nitidissima storage rate is 82.20%, average plant height 62.76cm, and even crown diameter is
36.78cm*33.94cm；Camellia euphlebia storage rate is 86.00%, average plant height 61.65cm, even crown diameter 32.09cm*
30.85cm；It is 91.60% to prevent general Camellia nitidissima storage rate, average plant height 77.77cm, even crown diameter 33.59cm*30.02cm.
Observed according to growth, these four Camellia nitidissimas are well-adjusted under masson pine forest, and equal robust growth performance is good, their plant height year
Increment is ordered as：Prevent general Camellia nitidissima (22.84cm/)>Hair valve Camellia nitidissima (19.71cm/)>Four seasons Camellia nitidissima
(11.24cm/)>Camellia euphlebia (7.03cm/).
Growing state application form
Obtain significantly improving the invention enables the afforestation survival rate and retention rate of golden camellia.And step is scientific and reasonable,
Planting conditions more meet with growth key element, accelerate the speed of growth of golden camellia, improve the yield of golden camellia.
This specific embodiment is only explanation of the invention, and it is not limitation of the present invention, people in the art
Member can make the modification of no creative contribution to the present embodiment as needed after this specification is read, but as long as at this
All protected in the right of invention by Patent Law.
Claims (6)
- The planting technology 1. a kind of golden camellia is afforested, it is characterised in that：Include step successively：(1) forest land selects：Select position circle in 22 ° of 52 ˊ of ˊ~22 ° 54 of north latitude, 112 ° of 40 ˊ of ˊ~112 ° 42 of east longitude and canopy density for 50~70% needle pine forests and in its forest interplanting golden camellia.(2) golden camellia species is selected：Anti- city golden camellia, aobvious lode gold camellia, concave veins golden camellia, Middle East golden camellia and four seasons gold tea Flower；(3) forest land is cleared up：By the way of adjustment is sparselyed fell in banding cleaning and forest.The miscellaneous filling of growth belt, weeds are all removed；(4) plant hole specification and density：It is 56 plants/acre (disregarding original forest) to dig cave density, 4 × 3 meters of seeding row spacing；(5) site preparation：Cave soil all clears out cave side during site preparation, and table mound is put in the both sides in cave；Cubsoil is stacked at the lower section in cave, and two Person can not mix stacking, be easy to table soil to go back to cave；(6) table soil is returned：It is required that the table soil around topsoil and cave when filling out back cutting cave, is filled to half cave height；(7) base manure discharges：Often spread manuer in holes special fertilizer for oil-tea camellia (organic fertilizer inorganic composite mixed fertilizer) or peanut press pulp 1kg；(8) suitable time is planted：3-5 month early and middle ten dayses；(9) nursery stock specification：The nutrient bag seedling of 10~15cm of height of seedling 2 years raw no disease and pests harms；(10) planting density and pattern：56 plants/acre (being free of original forest) are transplanted in underwood planting, and pattern is sylvan life solid growth mould Formula；(11) water and fertilizer management：Golden camellia must be irrigated in time in rainless weather, need to typically be watered once sooner or later in fine day, in the autumn Season, special arid season should take the method poured water；(12) tending management technology：Require that continuous foster is managed and protected 3 years after plant, foster every year twice.To the effect that shovel grass, Loosen the soil, apply fertilizer, after-culture, ridging, expand cave work.
- A kind of 2. golden camellia afforestation planting technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step (2) plants plantation It is interior based on mountain and hill, soil is the relatively thin red soil of soil layer；Rainfall is abundant, weather moistening.
- A kind of 3. golden camellia afforestation planting technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step (3) is to needle Pine forest makes canopy density be maintained at 0.5~0.7 in the form of transformation is sparselyed fell.
- A kind of 4. golden camellia afforestation planting technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step (4) does not require Strictly embark on journey in column, can suit measures to local conditions, it is allowed to displacement ± 50 centimetre, but to ensure that nursery stock is not at being exposed to sunlight position.
- A kind of 5. golden camellia afforestation planting technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step (6) pays attention to stone Gravel, miscellaneous branch not backfill into, and clod will be smashed, and debris will be cleared up.
- A kind of 6. golden camellia afforestation planting technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (12) the shovel grass will The weeds around treelet in 2 square metres are asked to clear up；Loosen the soil suitable deep；Apply fertilizer every plant and apply compound organic and inorganic fertilizer 0.2kg every time.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108849182A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-23 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | A kind of method of papaw hayashishita composite cultivation Camellia nitidissima |
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