CN107683827B - Method for obtaining hermetia illucens egg masses in winter - Google Patents
Method for obtaining hermetia illucens egg masses in winter Download PDFInfo
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- CN107683827B CN107683827B CN201710890964.1A CN201710890964A CN107683827B CN 107683827 B CN107683827 B CN 107683827B CN 201710890964 A CN201710890964 A CN 201710890964A CN 107683827 B CN107683827 B CN 107683827B
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- 241000709785 Hermetia illucens Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- AEEAZFQPYUMBPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [I].[W] Chemical compound [I].[W] AEEAZFQPYUMBPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 abstract description 13
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 24
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 23
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000255925 Diptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000709334 Hermetia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233805 Phoenix Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014443 Pyrus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000607142 Salmonella Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001481656 Stratiomyidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021120 animal protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000010539 reproductive behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Housing For Livestock And Birds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for obtaining hermetia illucens egg masses in winter, which comprises the following steps: breeding the hermetia illucens larvae to pupae with fresh chicken manure, and then putting the pupae into a glass culture dish to breed adult hermetia illucens; at 4-8m2In the room, 200 plus 500 adult hermetia illucens are placed into a yarn cage, an air conditioner is not started, a 1000-watt iodine-tungsten lamp is continuously illuminated for 3-6 hours, the air conditioner is started and set to be 25-27 ℃ after illumination is finished, and a humidifier is used for enabling the relative humidity to reach 50-70%; and (4) finishing illumination for 3-5 days, and continuously performing 3-6 days, wherein the apple seeds are used as spawning trapping objects every day to trap the black soldier fly egg masses. The invention has the following beneficial effects: the raw materials are few, the sources are easy to obtain, and the cost is low; the feeding process is simple and easy to operate; the egg amount obtained by a unit is large, and the black soldier fly is convenient to treat the excrement of the livestock and poultry. The requirement of collecting the hermetia illucens egg masses in winter is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for obtaining resource insect egg masses, in particular to a method for obtaining hermetia illucens egg masses in winter.
Background
In recent years, livestock and poultry raising industry rapidly developed in China generates a large amount of livestock and poultry manure, the large amount of livestock and poultry manure can cause nitrogen and phosphorus pollution to the environment, and the manure also contains a large amount of harmful microorganisms, pathogenic bacteria and parasitic ova to form pathogenic bacteria pollution. The resource utilization of livestock and poultry breeding feces has been paid attention by the nation and all levels of departments. The most effective way to treat livestock and poultry manure is to convert the livestock and poultry manure into odorless and harmless crop organic fertilizer.
Black soldier fly Hermetia illucens, also known as Hermetia illucens, belongs to the family of Hermetia of Diptera, and larvae (also known as Phoenix) of the Hermetia illucens feed on various organic matters, so that the black soldier fly Hermetia illucens is a bioreactor capable of efficiently treating livestock and poultry excrement. After the livestock and poultry manure is converted by the hermetia illucens, the total weight of the manure can be reduced by over 36 percent, the total nitrogen in the manure is reduced by over 31 percent, the salmonella in the manure is reduced by over 2000 times, and the treated residue is a high-quality organic fertilizer which can replace a commercial fertilizer required by pasture cultivation; can obviously reduce the occurrence of leaf and soil-borne diseases. When the black soldier fly digests the excrement of the livestock and poultry, the aged black soldier fly larvae and pupae are high-quality animal protein and can be used as protein feed or additive for feeding pets and aquatic products, and the utilization value of the excrement of the livestock and poultry is further improved. Therefore, the method has wide industrial prospect of producing high-quality organic fertilizer by treating the livestock and poultry manure with the hermetia illucens.
The temperature suitable for the growth of the hermetia illucens is about 27 ℃, strong illumination is needed for adult mating and oviposition, the average temperature in the winter is 2-12 ℃ in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze river such as Hubei province, precipitation is more, and the illumination is insufficient, so that the development of hermetia illucens populations is limited, and the key problem for restricting the industrialization of the hermetia illucens is also caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for obtaining hermetia illucens egg masses in winter.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for obtaining hermetia illucens egg masses in winter, comprising the steps of:
1) breeding the hermetia illucens larvae to pupae with fresh chicken manure, and then putting the pupae into a glass culture dish (the diameter is 10cm) to breed into adults;
2) at 4-8m2In the room, putting the adult insects obtained in the step 1) of 200 plus materials into a yarn cage, continuously illuminating for 3-6h by using an iodine-tungsten lamp without opening an air conditioner, starting the air conditioner after the illumination is finished, setting the temperature to be 25-27 ℃, and using a humidifier to enable the relative humidity to reach 50-70%;
3) and (4) finishing illumination for 3-5 days, and continuously performing 3-6 days, wherein apple kernels are used as spawning traps every day (the period is a spawning peak period), and black soldier fly egg blocks are trapped.
Further, wherein the diameter of the glass culture dish of step 1) is 10 cm.
Further, the hermetia illucens in the step 1) is collected in the field and propagated for 1 generation.
Further, the adult in the step 1) is a 1-3 day old adult black soldier fly.
Further, the iodine tungsten lamp of step 2) isThe distance between the lamp holder and the yarn cage is 1 m; the specification of the yarn cage is 40 multiplied by 80 multiplied by 60cm3。
Further, the power of the iodine tungsten lamp in the step 2) is 1000 watts.
Further, the indoor temperature when the air conditioner is not turned on in the step 2) is 27-35 ℃.
Further, wherein the apple of step 3) is red Fuji apple.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the raw materials are few, the sources are easy to obtain, and the cost is low;
3. the feeding process is simple and easy to operate;
4. the egg amount obtained by a unit is large, and the black soldier fly is convenient to treat the excrement of the livestock and poultry.
5. The requirement of collecting the hermetia illucens egg masses in winter is met.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided below is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a method for obtaining hermetia illucens egg masses in winter, which comprises the following steps:
feeding hermetia illucens to pupae with fresh chicken manure (because the dry humidity and the nutrition of the fresh chicken manure are moderate; and the feces of mammals such as cow manure, pig manure and the like are not suitable for obtaining egg masses because of containing more urine) and feeding the hermetia illucens to adults at room temperature;
at 4-8m2In the room, the adult hermetia illucens of 500 heads and 200-3 days old is put into the room with the size of 40 multiplied by 80 multiplied by 60cm3In the gauze cage, the air conditioner is not started (the indoor actual temperature is 27-35 ℃) and the lighting of a 1000 watt iodine-tungsten lamp (the distance between the lamp holder and the gauze cage is 1m), the continuous lighting is carried out for 3-6h, and the air conditioner is not startedMaking, after the illumination is finished, starting an air conditioner to set the temperature to be 25-27 ℃, and using a humidifier (common) to enable the relative humidity to reach 50-70%;
apple pits (apple pits are most suitable, the fragrance of the apple pits has the function of attracting black soldier flies to lay eggs, and meanwhile, nutrition can be provided for larvae which are hatched for the first time, the pear pits have too much water and are easy to rot), the illumination is finished after 3-5 days, then the apple pits are continuously used as spawning inducement objects for 3-6 days, and black soldier fly egg masses are induced (after 3-6 days of spawning peak, the number and the quality of eggs are reduced along with the end of the peak, so that the induction of eggs needs to be finished).
Wherein the hermetia illucens in the step 1) is collected in the field and propagated for 1 generation.
Wherein the apple in the step 3) is red Fuji apple (common).
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples.
1 materials and methods
1.1 materials
Collecting adult hermetia illucens in the field and then propagating for 1 generation; a 1000W iodine tungsten lamp; fresh chicken manure is collected from the super-developed chicken farm in the river and summer of Wuhan city, Hubei province; apple, commercially available red fuji apple (regular).
1.2 methods
Breeding the hermetia illucens to pupae with fresh chicken manure, and then breeding to adults at room temperature. Putting 2-day-old 200 adult hermetia illucens into a 40cm × 80cm × 60cm yarn cage at 2017 for 2-3 months (the natural environment monthly average temperature is 8.3-11.9 ℃), and then respectively carrying out the following treatment.
Treatment 1, the yarn cage is put in 16m2In a sunlight greenhouse, the illumination is natural illumination, the temperature is set to be 25 ℃ by utilizing an air conditioner (KFR-75 LW/(72566) Aa-2), and the Relative Humidity (RH) is 50-70 percent;
treatment 2, the yarn cage is put into 8m2In the indoor insect-breeding room, ordinary daylight lamp illumination (36 Wx 3 cup, Philips) is arranged, and an air conditioner (America, KFR-26GW/DY-GC (R3)), the same below, is utilized to set the temperature at 25 ℃ and the RH at 50% -70%. Such light and warm and humid conditions are common settings for raising other insects;
treatment of3, putting the yarn cage into a space of 8m2In the indoor glass insect-breeding room, the air conditioner is not started, 1000W of iodine-tungsten lamp illumination (the lamp holder is 1m away from the gauze cage, the same below) is set, the illumination is continuously carried out for 3 hours, and the air conditioner is started to be set to be 25 ℃ after the illumination is finished;
treatment 4, placing the yarn cage in 8m2In the indoor glass insect breeding room, 1000W of iodine-tungsten lamp illumination is arranged, continuous illumination is carried out for 3 hours, meanwhile, an indoor air conditioner is set to be at 25 ℃, and a humidifier is used for humidifying to reach the RH of 50% -70%;
treatment 5, placing the yarn cage in 8m2In an indoor glass insect-raising room, an air conditioner is not started, 1000W of iodine-tungsten lamp illumination is set, continuous illumination is carried out for 6 hours, and the air conditioner is started to be set to be 25 ℃ after illumination is finished;
all treatments used apple nuclei (6-7 cm high, 2-3cm diameter) as spawning decoys, and each treatment was repeated 3 times. Observing and recording the number of mating insects every day, finishing after continuously treating for 3d, then continuously treating for 20:00 every day, taking out apple kernels, investigating the amount of eggs trapped on the day, and then putting in new apple kernels.
2 results and analysis
2.1 Effect of different treatments on reproductive behavior of hermetia illucens
Observed in 3 different time periods in 2017 in winter respectively, the average outdoor daily temperature is lower than 12 ℃, the lowest temperature is as low as 2.1 ℃, and the black soldier fly population is not suitable for survival (Table 1).
TABLE 1 weather index data of outdoor environment during test period (2017)
TABLE 2 Effect of different treatments on the mating and oviposition of hermetia illucens
| Mean value | Cumulative number of mated female insects/female insects per day | SD | Daily average egg collection/pellets | SD |
| Treatment 1 (Natural light) | 26.67 | 6.11 | 0 | 0 |
| Treatment 2, (100W +25 ℃ C.) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 |
| Treatment 3 (1000W 3h) | 21.00 | 4.00 | 3333.33 | 1527.53 |
| Treatment 4, (1000W 3h +25 ℃ C.) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Treatment 5 (1000 Watts 6h) | 27.33 | 3.06 | 2666.67 | 577.35 |
As can be seen from the table 2, in the treatment 1, in the time period of strong illumination of 12: 00-14: 00, a large number of flight mating of hermetia illucens can be seen in the sunlight greenhouse, the number of the female insects accumulated for mating per day is 20-32, the average number is 26.67, and no egg mass is trapped after the treatment for 3 days; treating 2, under the irradiation of a common fluorescent lamp, no adult mating is seen, and after treating 3d, no egg mass is trapped; treating 3, finding the black soldier fly to mate, wherein the number of the female insects accumulated to mate per day is 17-25, the average number is 21, finding a large number of egg masses on the apple nucleus after treating for 3 days, and collecting 3333.3 eggs per day; the treatment 4 is implemented by irradiating with a tungsten iodine lamp, setting the temperature of the indoor air conditioner to be 25 ℃, and because the tungsten iodine lamp has the functions of illumination and heating at the same time, the actual temperature in the insect cage reaches 38-41 ℃, under the condition of using a humidifier, the RH is 50-70%, the adult insects almost all die in 3d, and no hermetia illucens eggs are collected in the treatment; the treatment 5 is to irradiate only with a iodine tungsten lamp for 6 hours without an air conditioner, the indoor RH is 40-60%, the average cumulative mating female number per day of the treatment 5 is 27.3, and the egg amount collected per day reaches 2666.67. There was no significant difference in the number of single-day cumulative mating females between treatments 1 and 3, 5, but the daily average collected egg amount of treatments 3 and 5 was significantly higher than treatment 1(P < 0.05). However, the lighting time of the process 5 is twice as long as that of the process 3, and the power consumption is higher than that of the process 3, so that the condition of the process 3 is optimal.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method for obtaining hermetia illucens egg masses in winter, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) breeding the hermetia illucens larvae to pupae with fresh chicken manure, and then putting the pupae into a glass culture dish to breed adult hermetia illucens;
2) at 4-8m2In the room, putting the adult insects obtained in the step 1) of 200 plus materials into a yarn cage, continuously illuminating for 3-6h by using an iodine-tungsten lamp with the power of 1000 watts and without starting an air conditioner, starting the air conditioner after the illumination is finished, setting the temperature to be 25-27 ℃, and using a humidifier to enable the relative humidity to reach 50-70%;
3) the illumination is finished after 3-5 days, then the continuous 3-6 days, and apple kernels are used as spawning trapping objects every day to trap black soldier fly egg blocks;
the hermetia illucens are collected in the field and propagated for 1 generation; the distance between the lamp holder of the iodine-tungsten lamp and the gauze cage is 1 m; the specification of the yarn cage is 40 multiplied by 80 multiplied by 60cm3(ii) a The apple is red Fuji apple.
2. The method for obtaining hermetia illucens egg pieces in winter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the diameter of the glass culture dish in step 1) is 10 cm.
3. The method for obtaining hermetia illucens egg blocks in winter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the adult hermetia illucens in step 1) is 1-3 days old.
4. The method for obtaining hermetia illucens egg blocks in winter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the indoor temperature in step 2) without air conditioning is 27-35 ℃.
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| CN112640854A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-13 | 南京国宁环保科技有限公司 | Method for screening high-quality hermetia illucens by self-made adult trap |
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2017
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