CN107675508A - 一种海岛超纤革加工工艺 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种海岛超纤革加工工艺,包括以下步骤:S1:海岛超纤维的纺制,采用定岛法,纺制出海岛超纤维;S2:海岛超纤维无纺布的制备,海岛超纤维经开松、梳理、铺网、预刺和针刺,得海岛超纤维无纺布;S3:海岛超纤维无纺布的超声软化处理;S4:海岛超纤维无纺布的含浸和固化,将海岛超纤维无纺布含浸于树脂液中,反复挤压,再通过超声仪超声,烘干箱烘干,即得海岛超纤革基底;S5:海岛超纤革基底的减量、化柔、扩幅烘燥定型、揉皮和染色,即得海岛超纤革成品。本发明提出的海岛超纤革的加工工艺,工序安排合理、生产过程中有机物挥发少、环境友好、易含浸、上色速度适宜,制备出的海岛超纤革色泽均匀一致,柔软性好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及合成革制备技术领域,尤其涉及一种海岛超纤革加工工艺。
背景技术
随着生存环境的日益恶化,动物资源日趋减少,出于对现有动物的保护,采用合成材料替代天然真皮已成为一种行业趋势。皮革是天然真皮的最优替代品,其主要应用领域为鞋材类、箱包类,车船内饰类,服装面料类,手袋、工艺装饰面料类以及军需用品等方面。目前,全球市场正在积极研发环保仿真皮革。
现在市场采用的纺织皮革制作材料主要由两部分组成。一部分是皮革所用的基布,基布一般采用机织、针织、编织、非织造布等材料;另一类是面层,主要是在基布上涂覆PVC或者是PU树脂。超细纤维因为它比传统的纤维细,所以比一般纤维更具蓬松、柔软的触感,能克服天然纤维的易皱、人造纤维不透气的缺点,而且它还具有保暖、不发霉、无虫驻、质轻、防水甚至吸水等许多无可替代的优异特性,因此在皮革制品中的应用较广。
现有的海岛超纤革的制备过程中通常会使用有机溶剂N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、甲苯等,对海岛超纤革中的海进行减量,这些有机溶剂在生产和使用过程中会挥发有机物,既会污染环境,又会对工作者和使用者的身体造成伤害,而且在海岛超纤革的制备过程中,含浸工序困难,含浸效果差,影响海岛超纤革后续的染色工序,使海岛超纤革上色不均匀,上色速度过快或者过慢。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术中存在的缺点,而提出的一种海岛超纤革加工工艺。
一种海岛超纤革加工工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1:海岛超纤维的纺制,岛的组分为聚酰胺,海的组分为水性聚酯,岛和海按照60:40的比例加入到螺旋杆挤出机中,采用定岛法,纺制出海岛超纤维;
S2:海岛超纤维无纺布的制备,S1步骤中制备的海岛超纤维经开松、梳理、铺网、预刺和针刺,得海岛超纤维无纺布;
S3:海岛超纤维无纺布的软化处理,将S2步骤制备的海岛超纤维无纺布置于盛装有软化剂的超声仪中,超声软化10~20min,软化后将海岛超纤维打捞并沥液至无液体成股滴下,即完成软化处理;
S4:海岛超纤维无纺布的含浸和固化,将经过软化处理的海岛超纤维无纺布含浸于树脂液中,并通过辊筒反复挤压,使软化处理的海岛超纤维无纺布含浸在树脂液中,再通过超声仪高频率超声30~60min,保持超声温度为20~35℃,再将含浸后的海岛超纤维无纺布打捞并沥液至无树脂液滴下,再转移至烘干箱烘干,即得海岛超纤革基底;
S5:海岛超纤革基底的减量、化柔、扩幅烘燥定型、揉皮和染色,将海岛超纤维半成品置于装有20%氢氧化钠溶液中,同时加入2g/L水解促进剂,通过辊筒反复挤压,使海岛超纤革基底全部浸泡在氢氧化钠溶液中,全部浸泡后再浸泡3~5min,然后再经3~8个30~40℃的温水槽冲洗,再用40~50℃的水淋洗10~20min,再经柔软剂的化柔、120~140℃的扩幅烘燥定型、揉皮机的揉皮以及在染料中染色,即得海岛超纤革成品。
优选的,所述岛的数量为64。
优选的,所述软化剂为甘油、聚乙二醇、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚和植物油组成,且甘油、聚乙二醇、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚和植物油的重量份比为34~46:12~16:2~6:10~18。
优选的,所述S4步骤中的树脂液为聚氨酯树脂、聚丙烯酰胺、咪唑啉活性剂、十八酰胺丙基氧化胺、消泡剂、固化剂、抗氧化剂和增塑剂。
优选的,所述聚氨酯树脂、聚丙烯酰胺、咪唑啉活性剂、十八酰胺丙基氧化胺、消泡剂、固化剂、抗氧化剂和增塑剂的重量份比为66~83:15~26:5~8:4~10:1~3:2~8:0.5~1.5:3~6。
优选的,所述S4步骤中的烘干的方式为鼓风烘干机烘干,烘干温度为60~80℃,烘干时间为60~120min。
优选的,所述S4步骤中的高频率为40~60kHz。
本发明提出的海岛超纤革的加工工艺,工序安排合理、生产过程中有机物挥发少、环境友好、易含浸、上色速度适宜,制备出的海岛超纤革色泽均匀一致,柔软性好;采用聚酰胺和水性聚酯为原料定岛纺制成海岛超纤维,再进行纺布,然后使用具有合理配比的软化剂对纺制好的海岛超纤维无纺布进行软化处理,再进行含浸,可以使含浸工序更易完成,含浸的效果好,耗时短,同时还能使海岛超纤革具有基本的柔软性;采用合理配比的树脂液,对海岛超纤维无纺布进行含浸,同时用辊筒挤压和超声的方式,使海岛超纤维无纺布浸湿更均匀、更完全,浸湿速度更快,有利于后续的染色工序的顺利完成,使染色后的海岛超纤革色泽均匀一致,因为海岛超纤革中海使用的是水性聚酯,再固化后再使用碱液对海进行减量,避免有机溶剂N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲苯的使用,在生产和使用过程中减少有机物的挥发,对环境友好,海岛超纤革再通过化柔、扩幅、揉皮和染色,使海岛超纤革的色泽均匀一致,柔软度好。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步解说。
本发明提出的一种海岛超纤革加工工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1:海岛超纤维的纺制,岛的组分为聚酰胺,海的组分为水性聚酯,岛和海按照60:40的比例加入到螺旋杆挤出机中,采用定岛法,纺制出海岛超纤维,所述岛的数量为64;
S2:海岛超纤维无纺布的制备,S1步骤中制备的海岛超纤维经开松、梳理、铺网、预刺和针刺,得海岛超纤维无纺布;
S3:海岛超纤维无纺布的软化处理,将S2步骤制备的海岛超纤维无纺布置于盛装有软化剂的超声仪中,超声软化10~20min,且软化剂为甘油、聚乙二醇、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚和植物油按重量份比为44:14:4:16组成的混合物,软化后将海岛超纤维打捞并沥液至无液体成股滴下,即完成软化处理;
S4:海岛超纤维无纺布的含浸和固化,将经过软化处理的海岛超纤维无纺布含浸于树脂液中,并通过辊筒反复挤压,使软化处理的海岛超纤维无纺布含浸在树脂液中,且树脂液为聚氨酯树脂、聚丙烯酰胺、咪唑啉活性剂、十八酰胺丙基氧化胺、消泡剂、固化剂、抗氧化剂和增塑剂按重量份比为72:20:7:6:2:5:1:4组成的混合液,再通过超声仪以40~60kHz的频率超声30~60min,保持超声温度为20~35℃,再将含浸后的海岛超纤维无纺布打捞并沥液至无树脂液滴下,再转移至烘干箱进行鼓风烘干,烘干温度为60~80℃,烘干时间为60~120min,烘干结束后冷却至室温即得海岛超纤革基底;
S5:海岛超纤革基底的减量、化柔、扩幅烘燥定型、揉皮和染色,将海岛超纤维半成品置于装有20%氢氧化钠溶液中,同时加入2g/L水解促进剂,通过辊筒反复挤压,使海岛超纤革基底全部浸泡在氢氧化钠溶液中,全部浸泡后再浸泡3~5min,然后再经3~8个30~40℃的温水槽冲洗,再用40~50℃的水淋洗10~20min,再经柔软剂的化柔、120~140℃的扩幅烘燥定型、揉皮机的揉皮以及在染料中染色,即得海岛超纤革成品。
对实施例制备的海岛超纤革进行性能检测,检测结果如下:
其中,“—”表示未检测出。
检测结果显示,根据本发明提出的加工工艺制备出的海岛超纤革的外观色泽均匀一致,手感极柔软,无异常气味,而且在对甲醛及挥发性有机物检测时,未检测到甲醛,总挥发性有机物的含量也远小于标准值,表明本方法提出的加工工艺制备出的海岛超纤革的性能优越,生成和使用过程环境友好。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种海岛超纤革加工工艺,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1:海岛超纤维的纺制,岛的组分为聚酰胺,海的组分为水性聚酯,岛和海按照60:40的比例加入到螺旋杆挤出机中,采用定岛法,纺制出海岛超纤维;
S2:海岛超纤维无纺布的制备,S1步骤中制备的海岛超纤维经开松、梳理、铺网、预刺和针刺,得海岛超纤维无纺布;
S3:海岛超纤维无纺布的软化处理,将S2步骤制备的海岛超纤维无纺布置于盛装有软化剂的超声仪中,超声软化10~20min,软化后将海岛超纤维打捞并沥液至无液体成股滴下,即完成软化处理;
S4:海岛超纤维无纺布的含浸和固化,将经过软化处理的海岛超纤维无纺布含浸于树脂液中,并通过辊筒反复挤压,使软化处理的海岛超纤维无纺布含浸在树脂液中,再通过超声仪高频率超声30~60min,保持超声温度为20~35℃,再将含浸后的海岛超纤维无纺布打捞并沥液至无树脂液滴下,再转移至烘干箱烘干,即得海岛超纤革基底;
S5:海岛超纤革基底的减量、化柔、扩幅烘燥定型、揉皮和染色,将海岛超纤维半成品置于装有20%氢氧化钠溶液中,同时加入2g/L水解促进剂,通过辊筒反复挤压,使海岛超纤革基底全部浸泡在氢氧化钠溶液中,全部浸泡后再浸泡3~5min,然后再经3~8个30~40℃的温水槽冲洗,再用40~50℃的水淋洗10~20min,再经柔软剂的化柔、120~140℃的扩幅烘燥定型、揉皮机的揉皮以及在染料中染色,即得海岛超纤革成品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种海岛超纤革加工工艺,其特征在于,所述岛的数量为64。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种海岛超纤革加工工艺,其特征在于,所述软化剂为甘油、聚乙二醇、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚和植物油组成,且甘油、聚乙二醇、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚和植物油的重量份比为34~46:12~16:2~6:10~18。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种海岛超纤革加工工艺,其特征在于,所述S4步骤中的树脂液为聚氨酯树脂、聚丙烯酰胺、咪唑啉活性剂、十八酰胺丙基氧化胺、消泡剂、固化剂、抗氧化剂和增塑剂。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种海岛超纤革加工工艺,其特征在于,所述聚氨酯树脂、聚丙烯酰胺、咪唑啉活性剂、十八酰胺丙基氧化胺、消泡剂、固化剂、抗氧化剂和增塑剂的重量份比为66~83:15~26:5~8:4~10:1~3:2~8:0.5~1.5:3~6。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种海岛超纤革加工工艺,其特征在于,所述S4步骤中的烘干的方式为鼓风烘干机烘干,烘干温度为60~80℃,烘干时间为60~120min。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种海岛超纤革加工工艺,其特征在于,所述S4步骤中的高频率为40~60kHz。
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