CN107674692A - A kind of technique for preparing charcoal base manure high-quality biological matter charcoal - Google Patents

A kind of technique for preparing charcoal base manure high-quality biological matter charcoal Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107674692A
CN107674692A CN201710875593.XA CN201710875593A CN107674692A CN 107674692 A CN107674692 A CN 107674692A CN 201710875593 A CN201710875593 A CN 201710875593A CN 107674692 A CN107674692 A CN 107674692A
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China
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liquid
spray
level
gas
technique
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付兴国
张少明
赵广辉
潘东
田然
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Beijing Three Green Energy Technology Co Ltd
Beijing SJ Environmental Protection and New Material Co Ltd
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Beijing Three Green Energy Technology Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
    • C10B57/02—Multi-step carbonising or coking processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
    • C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
    • C10B57/10—Drying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10C—WORKING-UP PITCH, ASPHALT, BITUMEN, TAR; PYROLIGNEOUS ACID
    • C10C5/00—Production of pyroligneous acid distillation of wood, dry distillation of organic waste
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/02—Dust removal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/04—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by cooling to condense non-gaseous materials
    • C10K1/06—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by cooling to condense non-gaseous materials combined with spraying with water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
    • C10K1/10—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids
    • C10K1/101—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids with water only
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin

Abstract

The present invention relates to biomass utilization technologies field, specifically provides a kind of technique for preparing charcoal base manure high-quality biological matter charcoal, has obtained duct abundant high-quality biological matter charcoal, biogas, pyrolkigneous liquid, wood tar and sediment.The present invention limits pyrolysis temperature as 350~650 DEG C by being carbonized under anoxic condition to biomass material so that biomass carbon yield reaches (30~37%), specific surface area >=20m of gained biomass carbon2/ g, average pore volume >=0.4ml/g.By the I and II spray and gas-liquid separating treatment connected to gas-phase product caused by charing, tiny powdered carbon, dust, composition soluble in water and high condensation point gas phase portion in pyrolysis gas are removed；Pyrolkigneous liquid and wood tar are obtained by the phase separation operation to spray liquid；It is sprayed to as the pyrolkigneous liquid by obtained by gained biomass carbon, biomass carbon sterilization, the effect of expelling parasite can not only be strengthened, also impart biomass carbon nutritional ingredient.

Description

A kind of technique for preparing charcoal base manure high-quality biological matter charcoal
Technical field
The invention belongs to biomass economy field, and in particular to a kind of charcoal base manure work for preparing high-quality biological matter charcoal Skill.
Background technology
Because inorganic fertilizer is quick, nutrition composition is easily held, and inorganic fertilizer is applied in most farmlands to making Thing carries out nutritional supplementation.However, the chronic administration of inorganic fertilizer can bring the problems such as soil hardening and salinization of soil, this is unfavorable In the sustainable development of agricultural.Organic fertilizer water-retaining effect, moreover it is possible to the quality of improved soil, but because of its slowly effect, storage and defeated Send cost high, the application in China's agricultural is not extensive.Have for example, although the stalk of wheat, seeding corn and other crops can be used as Machine fertilizer returning to the field, but due to it needs lengthy fermentation just to discharge can be by the composition of crop utilization, and be also possible to cause Huang Miao, dead seedling, so being taken in the most of areas in China by stalk on-site incineration, the processing being administered again after plant ash is made Mode.But a large amount of flue gases caused by crop straw burning, a kind of energy waste is not only, can also bring serious air pollution.
Therefore, after the biomass such as stalk can be focused on using pyrolysis charring technology, then for preparing fertilizer.It is raw Charcoal obtained by pyrolytic cracking technology is rich in micropore and remains the part nutriment in former stalk, makes it not only can be with The content of organics of soil is supplemented, moisture and nutriment can also be effectively preserved, increase soil fertility, therefore, in the prior art Itself and other compositions are compounded, to make charcoal base manure or soil conditioner, for example, Chinese patent literature CN105384579A is disclosed A kind of special charcoal base organic fertilizer of salt and alkali paddy rice and its application, the technology under anaerobic carbonize biomass material cracking To biomass carbon, chicken manure, pyrolkigneous liquid etc. are then equipped with again particle charcoal base manure is prepared.It is intended that pass through biomass carbon Special construction reduce the unit weight of saline-alkali soil, improve the water holding of saline-alkali soil, permeable and gas permeability, increase edaphon content and Retain water and nutrients ability, to improve the poor physicochemical property of rice saline-alkali soil.As can be seen here, the structure of biomass carbon is to charcoal base manure Performance has an important influence, the reserved of original organic principle and retains shape in the size and quantity of its micropore, biomass carbon Formula is respectively provided with significant impact to the charcoal base manure performance ultimately formed.Therefore, how to be prepared that hole is abundant and size is suitable Charcoal base manure high-quality biological matter charcoal, and retain former organic principle, improve biomass carbon yield, avoid the wave of biomass resource Take, be current this area issues that need special attention.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to overcome in the prior art that charcoal base manure biomass carbon yield is relatively low, hole The defects of excessive, and then a kind of charcoal base manure technique for preparing high-quality biological matter charcoal is provided, and utilize to greatest extent simultaneously Biomass resource, avoid energy waste.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that to reach above-mentioned purpose：
A kind of technique for preparing high-quality biological matter charcoal, comprises the following steps：
(1) biological particles are dried under anoxic condition, carbonized, obtain biomass carbonated product；
(2) gas solid separation is carried out to the biomass carbonated product, biogas and biomass carbon is obtained, by the biology Matter charcoal is crushed and cooled down；
(3) one-level that the biogas is connected successively after dedusting sprays, two level spray, and separated spray liquid obtains To sediment, pyrolkigneous liquid and wood tar；Wherein, the spray agent circulation after the pyrolkigneous liquid is cooled down as this grade of spray operation makes With；
As the pH ＜ 5.5 of the isolated pyrolkigneous liquid of one-level spray liquid, the pyrolkigneous liquid is collected as pyrolkigneous liquid product, One-level spray agent will be used as by the isolated pyrolkigneous liquid of two level spray liquid simultaneously, and supplement fresh water as two level spray agent；
(4) gas after spray cleaning is partly used as the thermal source of charing in step (1) after gas-liquid separation, purification, has more than needed Gas collection utilize.
The temperature of the charing is 350~650 DEG C, and the time of the charing is 30~90min.
In the step (1), carbonized by the way of gradient increased temperature, carbonization temperature is followed successively by (350 DEG C~450 DEG C), (450 DEG C~500 DEG C), (500 DEG C~580 DEG C), (580 DEG C~600 DEG C), (600 DEG C~650 DEG C).
Realize that gas-solid is separated by the way of sedimentation in the step (2), using cooling, the side for crushing, cooling down again Formula carries out crushing and the cooling treatment of biomass carbon, and the mode of the cooling is water cooling.
Temperature≤80 DEG C of biomass carbon after being cooled down in the step (2)；
Temperature≤50 DEG C of gas described in the step (4) after spray cleaning；
The spray agent temperature of one-level spray be (60~80 DEG C), the spray agent temperature of the two level spray be (30~ 50℃)。
Using water as initial spray agent in the step (3), the pyrolkigneous liquid that the one-level spray liquid phase separation obtains is dense Degree is consistently higher than the pyrolkigneous liquid concentration obtained by two level spray liquid phase separation.
Phase separation is realized by the way of sedimentation in the step (3), the sedimentation time is 10~60min, collects upper liquid Lightweight wood tar is mutually used as, middle level liquid phase is collected as pyrolkigneous liquid, collects layer deposition thing as heavy wood tar.
The charing, gas solid separation, dedusting, the operating pressure of spray and gas-liquid separation are -4kPa~3kPa.
The purification in the step (4) is realized by liquid phase sealing and buffered.
By pyrolkigneous liquid product described in step (3), part is taken to be sprayed on the biomass carbon through cooling to make Standby soil conditioner or charcoal base manure；
Preferably, a small amount of pyrolkigneous liquid that gas-liquid separation obtains described in collection step (4), it is incorporated into the pyrolkigneous liquid production Product, the biomass carbon is sprayed to jointly to prepare soil conditioner or charcoal base manure.
The biomass is that agricultural production has harvested remaining biomass residuum behind seed or edible part.
Technical scheme provided by the present invention has advantages below：
1. the charcoal base manure provided by the invention technique for preparing high-quality biological matter charcoal, by being carried out to biological particles material Cracking, duct abundant high-quality biological matter charcoal, biogas product, pyrolkigneous liquid, sediment and wood tar are obtained.By exhausted It is pyrolysis cracking to biomass material progress under the conditions of oxygen, biomass carbon yield is reached (30~37%), avoid combustion zone Energy waste；By the I and II spray and gas-liquid separating treatment connected to gas phase carbonizing production, flue gas dirt is avoided Dye；Product is made by primary division by the phase separation operation to spray liquid, acquisition makees the pyrolkigneous liquid that circulated sprinkling agent uses, makes wood Active ingredient accumulates in vinegar liquid；Also by regarding biogas product as the personal reduction for realizing energy consumption of charing thermal source.
2. the charcoal base manure provided by the invention technique for preparing high-quality biological matter charcoal, by limiting pyrolysis temperature as 350 ~650 DEG C, further limit five warm areas of charing, obtain the biomass carbon of higher quality, gained biomass carbon it is organic Carbon content >=40%, ash content≤35%, specific surface area >=20m2/ g, average pore size >=50nm, average pore volume >=0.4ml/g, most The organic carbon remained in biomass changed greatly, thus charcoal base manure had good sustained release effect, fertilizer efficiency are lasting made from biomass carbon；Pass through Gained pyrolkigneous liquid is sprayed on gained biomass carbon, biomass carbon sterilization, the effect of expelling parasite can not only be strengthened, also imparted Biomass carbon nutritional ingredient；By setting rational spray liquid temperature, reduce water consumption, and it is dense to obtain higher pyrolkigneous liquid Degree；By the way that the operating pressure of charing, gas solid separation, dedusting, spray and gas-liquid separation is maintained into -4kPa~3kPa, and combine Liquid phase seals and buffered, ensure that totally-enclosed and the anoxybiotic environment of whole system, avoids polluting.
3. the charcoal base manure provided by the invention technique for preparing high-quality biological matter charcoal, using external-heat mode of heating, charcoal Change uniformly, carbonization time is short, and realizes scale, serialization, automatic production process, to protection home environment, stable agriculture The industry ecological balance, alleviate resource constraint, promote increasing peasant income.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly of the technical scheme in the specific embodiment of the invention, embodiment will be retouched below The required accompanying drawing used is briefly described in stating, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are some realities of the present invention Mode is applied, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also be attached according to these Figure obtains other accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is that the mixture using maize straw and bagasse that embodiment 1 provides prepares charcoal base manure high-quality biological The process diagram of matter charcoal；
Embodiment
Technical scheme is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, it is clear that described implementation Example is part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.In addition, invention described below different embodiments As long as involved technical characteristic does not form conflict can and be combined with each other each other in.
In the description of the invention, it is necessary to which explanation, term " first ", " second " are only used for describing purpose, and can not It is interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.
Embodiment 1
What the present embodiment provided utilizes maize straw and bagasse 1:1 granulate mixture prepares charcoal base manure and given birth to high-quality The technique of material charcoal, comprises the following steps：
(1) granulate mixture is carbonized under conditions of anoxybiotic, carbonization temperature is 650 DEG C, carbonizes 90min, obtains Carbonizing production.
(2) by gained carbonizing production carry out settlement treatment, obtain biomass carbon and biogas, by gained biomass carbon according to Secondary progress one-level cooling, crushing and two level cooling, the type of cooling is water cooling, and biogas is removed using Cyclone Separation Technology Dirt, solid particle obtained by dedusting is incorporated in the biomass carbon after two level cools down.
(3) biogas obtained by collection step (2), using water as initial spray agent, one-level spray is carried out successively to it Sprayed with two level, obtain one-level spray liquid, two level spray liquid and primary biomass gas.
By the temperature control of one-level spray agent at 60 DEG C, two level is sprayed into the temperature control of agent at 30 DEG C.
The concentration of one-level spray liquid is consistently higher than the concentration of two level spray liquid.
(4) one-level spray liquid and two level spray liquid are collected respectively, and is settled, and are collected upper phase and are obtained wooden Jiao Oil；Collect middle level liquid phase and obtain pyrolkigneous liquid；Collect layer deposition thing and obtain sediment.
(5) make this grade of spray agent after gained pyrolkigneous liquid is cooled down respectively to recycle, until measuring by the first spray liquid phase During the pH ＜ 5.5 of isolated pyrolkigneous liquid, collected and be used as pyrolkigneous liquid product, while will be obtained by the second spray liquid phase separation The pyrolkigneous liquid arrived is used as one-level spray agent, and supplements fresh water as two level spray agent；
(6) gas-liquid separation operation is carried out to primary biomass gas obtained by step (3), obtains biogas product and a small amount of wood Vinegar liquid, biogas product is stored or be passed to charing link and is burnt, to provide the thermal source of charing.
The a small amount of pyrolkigneous liquid of gained is incorporated to the pyrolkigneous liquid product of gained in step (4), according to pyrolkigneous liquid：Biomass carbon=3: 10 mass ratio is sprayed to the biomass carbon that step (2) obtains and prepares charcoal base manure.
Above-mentioned charing, sedimentation, cyclonic separation, the operating pressure of spray and gas-liquid separation are -4kPa.
Embodiment 2
The technique that charcoal base manure high-quality biological matter charcoal is prepared using wheat stalk that the present embodiment provides, including following step Suddenly：
(1) wheat stalk is crushed, then gained stalk particle carbonized under conditions of anoxybiotic leads to nitrogen, carbonized Temperature is 350 DEG C, carbonizes 60min, obtains straw charring product.
(2) gained straw charring product is subjected to settlement treatment, biomass carbon and biogas is obtained, by gained biomass Charcoal carries out one-level cooling, crushing and two level cooling successively, and the type of cooling is water cooling, and biogas is entered using Cyclone Separation Technology Row dedusting, solid particle obtained by dedusting is incorporated in the biomass carbon after two level cools down.
(3) biogas obtained by collection step (2), using water as initial spray agent, it is carried out successively one-level spray with Two level sprays, and obtains one-level spray liquid, two level spray liquid and primary biomass gas.
By the temperature control of one-level spray agent at 60 DEG C, two level is sprayed into the temperature control of agent at 30 DEG C.
The concentration of one-level spray liquid is consistently higher than the concentration of two level spray liquid.
(4) one-level spray liquid and two level spray liquid are collected respectively, and is settled, and are collected upper phase and are obtained wooden Jiao Oil；Collect middle level liquid phase and obtain pyrolkigneous liquid；Collect layer deposition thing and obtain sediment.
(5) make this grade of spray agent after gained pyrolkigneous liquid is cooled down respectively to recycle, until measuring by the first spray liquid phase During the pH ＜ 5.5 of isolated pyrolkigneous liquid, collected and be used as pyrolkigneous liquid product, while will be obtained by the second spray liquid phase separation The pyrolkigneous liquid arrived is used as one-level spray agent, and supplements fresh water as two level spray agent；
(6) gas-liquid separation operation is carried out to biogas obtained by step (3), obtains biogas product and a small amount of wooden vinegar Liquid, biogas product is stored or be passed to charing link and is burnt, to provide the thermal source of straw charring.
The a small amount of pyrolkigneous liquid of gained is incorporated to the pyrolkigneous liquid product of gained in step (4), according to pyrolkigneous liquid：Biomass carbon=3: 10 mass ratio is sprayed to the biomass carbon that step (2) obtains and prepares charcoal base manure.
Above-mentioned charing, sedimentation, cyclonic separation, the operating pressure of spray and gas-liquid separation are -4kPa.
The composition of biogas in the present embodiment is Straw Gas, and the composition of wood tar is stalk oil, and the composition of sediment is Straw heavy.
Embodiment 3
The technique that charcoal base manure high-quality biological matter charcoal is prepared using rice husk that the present embodiment provides, is comprised the following steps：
(1) rice husk is carbonized under conditions of anoxybiotic leads to nitrogen, carbonization temperature is 470 DEG C, carbonizes 30min, obtains The carbonizing production of rice husk.
(2) carbonizing production of gained rice husk is subjected to settlement treatment, obtains biomass carbon and biogas, by gained biology Matter charcoal carries out one-level cooling, crushing and two level cooling successively, and the type of cooling is water cooling, using Cyclone Separation Technology to biogas Dedusting is carried out, solid particle obtained by dedusting is incorporated in the biomass carbon after two level cools down.
(3) biogas obtained by collection step (2), using water as initial spray agent, it is carried out successively one-level spray with Two level sprays, and obtains one-level spray liquid, two level spray liquid and biogas.
By the temperature control of one-level spray agent at 65 DEG C, two level is sprayed into the temperature control of agent at 45 DEG C.
The concentration of one-level spray liquid is consistently higher than the concentration of two level spray liquid.
(4) one-level spray liquid and two level spray liquid are collected respectively, and is settled, and are collected upper phase and are obtained wooden Jiao Oil；Collect middle level liquid phase and obtain pyrolkigneous liquid；Collect layer deposition thing and obtain sediment.
(5) make this grade of spray agent after gained pyrolkigneous liquid is cooled down respectively to recycle, until measuring by the first spray liquid phase During the pH ＜ 5.5 of isolated pyrolkigneous liquid, collected and be used as pyrolkigneous liquid product, while will be obtained by the second spray liquid phase separation The pyrolkigneous liquid arrived is used as one-level spray agent, and supplements fresh water as two level spray agent；
(6) gas-liquid separation operation is carried out to biogas obtained by step (3), obtains biogas product and a small amount of wooden vinegar Liquid, biogas product is stored or be passed to charing link and is burnt, to provide the thermal source of charred rice husk.
The a small amount of pyrolkigneous liquid of gained is incorporated to the pyrolkigneous liquid product of gained in step (4), according to pyrolkigneous liquid：Biomass carbon=3: 10 mass ratio is sprayed to the biomass carbon that step (2) obtains and prepares charcoal base manure.
Above-mentioned charing, sedimentation, cyclonic separation, the operating pressure of spray and gas-liquid separation are -4kPa.
Embodiment 4
What the present embodiment provided utilizes maize straw and bagasse 1:1 mixture prepares charcoal base manure high-quality biological matter The technique of charcoal, comprises the following steps：
(1) it is mixing biomass feed powder is broken, first hybrid particles material is carbonized at 360 DEG C under conditions of anoxybiotic leads to nitrogen 12min, then reheat and be warming up to 470 DEG C of charing 12min, then heat to 540 DEG C of charing 12min, be continuously heating to 590 DEG C 12min is carbonized, most after carbonizing 12min at 630 DEG C, obtains carbonizing production.
(2) by gained carbonizing production carry out settlement treatment, obtain biomass carbon and biogas, by gained biomass carbon according to Secondary progress one-level cooling, crushing and two level cooling, the type of cooling is water cooling, and biogas is removed using Cyclone Separation Technology Dirt, solid particle obtained by dedusting is incorporated in the biomass carbon after cooling.
(3) biogas obtained by collection step (2), using water as initial spray agent, it is carried out successively one-level spray with Two level sprays, and obtains one-level spray liquid, two level spray liquid and primary biomass gas.
By the temperature control of one-level spray agent at 70 DEG C, two level is sprayed into the temperature control of agent at 50 DEG C.
The concentration of one-level spray liquid is consistently higher than the concentration of two level spray liquid.
(4) one-level spray liquid and two level spray liquid are collected respectively, and is settled, and are collected upper phase and are obtained wooden Jiao Oil；Collect middle level liquid phase and obtain pyrolkigneous liquid；Collect layer deposition thing and obtain sediment.
(5) make this grade of spray agent after gained pyrolkigneous liquid is cooled down respectively to recycle, until measuring by the first spray liquid phase During the pH ＜ 5.5 of isolated pyrolkigneous liquid, collected and be used as pyrolkigneous liquid product, while will be obtained by the second spray liquid phase separation The pyrolkigneous liquid arrived is used as one-level spray agent, and supplements fresh water as two level spray agent；
(6) gas-liquid separation operation is carried out to primary biomass gas obtained by step (3), obtains pure Straw Gas and a small amount of wooden vinegar Liquid, pure Straw Gas is stored or be passed to charing link and is burnt, to provide the thermal source of charing.
The a small amount of pyrolkigneous liquid of gained is incorporated to the pyrolkigneous liquid product of gained in step (4), according to pyrolkigneous liquid：Biomass carbon=3: 10 mass ratio is sprayed to the biomass carbon that step (2) obtains and prepares charcoal base manure.
Above-mentioned charing, sedimentation, cyclonic separation, the operating pressure of spray and gas-liquid separation are -4kPa.
Embodiment 5
The technique that charcoal base manure high-quality biological matter charcoal is prepared using rice husk that the present embodiment provides, is comprised the following steps：
(1) rice husk is first carbonized into 18min at 410 DEG C under conditions of anoxybiotic leads to nitrogen, then reheats and be warming up to 450 DEG C 18min is carbonized, then heats to 570 DEG C of charing 18min, 600 DEG C of charing 18min is continuously heating to, is most carbonized after at 650 DEG C 18min, obtain carbonizing production.
(2) by gained carbonizing production carry out settlement treatment, obtain biomass carbon and biogas, by gained biomass carbon according to Secondary progress one-level cooling, crushing and two level cooling, the type of cooling is water cooling, and biogas is removed using Cyclone Separation Technology Dirt, solid particle obtained by dedusting is incorporated in the biomass carbon after cooling.
(3) biological mixed steam obtained by collection step (2), using water as initial spray agent, one-level spray is carried out successively to it Sprayed with two level, obtain one-level spray liquid, two level spray liquid and primary biomass gas.
By the temperature control of one-level spray agent at 70 DEG C, two level is sprayed into the temperature control of agent at 50 DEG C.
The concentration of one-level spray liquid is consistently higher than the concentration of two level spray liquid.
(4) one-level spray liquid and two level spray liquid are collected respectively, and is settled, and are collected upper phase and are obtained wooden Jiao Oil；Collect middle level liquid phase and obtain pyrolkigneous liquid；Collect layer deposition thing and obtain sediment.
(5) make this grade of spray agent after gained pyrolkigneous liquid is cooled down respectively to recycle, until measuring by the first spray liquid phase During the pH ＜ 5.5 of isolated pyrolkigneous liquid, collected and be used as pyrolkigneous liquid product, while will be obtained by the second spray liquid phase separation The pyrolkigneous liquid arrived is used as one-level spray agent, and supplements fresh water as two level spray agent；
(6) gas-liquid separation operation is carried out to primary biomass gas obtained by step (3), obtains biogas product and a small amount of wood Vinegar liquid, biogas product is stored or is passed to after a fluid-tight and buffered successively charing link and is fired Burn, to provide the thermal source of charred rice husk.
The a small amount of pyrolkigneous liquid of gained is incorporated to the pyrolkigneous liquid product of gained in step (4), according to pyrolkigneous liquid：Biomass carbon=1: 5 mass ratio is sprayed to the biomass carbon that step (2) obtains and prepares charcoal base manure.
Above-mentioned charing, sedimentation, cyclonic separation, the operating pressure of spray and gas-liquid separation are 1kPa.
In the above-described embodiments, when carrying out the settlement treatment of spray liquid, there may be a small amount of fixed gas composition, by it It is used as charing thermal source altogether with biogas product.
Embodiment 6
What the present embodiment provided utilizes maize straw and rice husk 2:1 mixture prepares charcoal base manure high-quality biological matter charcoal Technique, comprise the following steps：
(1) it is mixing biomass feed powder is broken, first hybrid particles material is carbonized at 450 DEG C under conditions of anoxybiotic leads to nitrogen 15min, then reheat and be warming up to 500 DEG C of charing 15min, then heat to 580 DEG C of charing 15min, be continuously heating to 595 DEG C 15min is carbonized, most after carbonizing 15min at 625 DEG C, obtains carbonizing production.
(2) by gained carbonizing production carry out settlement treatment, obtain biomass carbon and biogas, by gained biomass carbon according to Secondary progress one-level cooling, crushing and two level cooling, the type of cooling is water cooling, and biogas is removed using Cyclone Separation Technology Dirt, solid particle obtained by dedusting is incorporated in the biomass carbon after cooling.
(3) biogas obtained by collection step (2), using water as initial spray agent, it is carried out successively one-level spray with Two level sprays, and obtains one-level spray liquid, two level spray liquid and primary biomass gas.
By the temperature control of one-level spray agent at 65 DEG C, two level is sprayed into the temperature control of agent at 35 DEG C.
The concentration of one-level spray liquid is consistently higher than the concentration of two level spray liquid.
(4) one-level spray liquid and two level spray liquid are collected respectively, and is settled, and are collected upper phase and are obtained wooden Jiao Oil；Collect middle level liquid phase and obtain pyrolkigneous liquid；Collect layer deposition thing and obtain sediment.
(5) make this grade of spray agent after gained pyrolkigneous liquid is cooled down respectively to recycle, until measuring by the first spray liquid phase During the pH ＜ 5.5 of isolated pyrolkigneous liquid, collected and be used as pyrolkigneous liquid product, while will be obtained by the second spray liquid phase separation The pyrolkigneous liquid arrived is used as one-level spray agent, and supplements fresh water as two level spray agent；
(6) gas-liquid separation operation is carried out to primary biomass gas obtained by step (3), obtains pure Straw Gas and a small amount of wooden vinegar Liquid, pure Straw Gas is stored or be passed to charing link and is burnt, to provide the thermal source of charing.
The a small amount of pyrolkigneous liquid of gained is incorporated to the pyrolkigneous liquid product of gained in step (4), according to pyrolkigneous liquid：Biomass carbon=3: 10 mass ratio is sprayed to the biomass carbon that step (2) obtains and prepares charcoal base manure.
Above-mentioned charing, sedimentation, cyclonic separation, the operating pressure of spray and gas-liquid separation are -4kPa.
Embodiment 7
What the present embodiment provided utilizes wheat stalk and rice husk 1:1 mixture prepares charcoal base manure high-quality biological matter charcoal Technique, comprise the following steps：
(1) it is mixing biomass feed powder is broken, first hybrid particles material is carbonized at 350 DEG C under conditions of anoxybiotic leads to nitrogen 13min, then reheat and be warming up to 460 DEG C of charing 13min, then heat to 500 DEG C of charing 13min, be continuously heating to 580 DEG C 13min is carbonized, most after carbonizing 13min at 600 DEG C, obtains carbonizing production.
(2) by gained carbonizing production carry out settlement treatment, obtain biomass carbon and biogas, by gained biomass carbon according to Secondary progress one-level cooling, crushing and two level cooling, the type of cooling is water cooling, and biogas is removed using Cyclone Separation Technology Dirt, solid particle obtained by dedusting is incorporated in the biomass carbon after cooling.
(3) biogas obtained by collection step (2), using water as initial spray agent, it is carried out successively one-level spray with Two level sprays, and obtains one-level spray liquid, two level spray liquid and primary biomass gas.
By the temperature control of one-level spray agent at 75 DEG C, two level is sprayed into the temperature control of agent at 40 DEG C.
The concentration of one-level spray liquid is consistently higher than the concentration of two level spray liquid.
(4) one-level spray liquid and two level spray liquid are collected respectively, and is settled, and are collected upper phase and are obtained wooden Jiao Oil；Collect middle level liquid phase and obtain pyrolkigneous liquid；Collect layer deposition thing and obtain sediment.
(5) make this grade of spray agent after gained pyrolkigneous liquid is cooled down respectively to recycle, until measuring by the first spray liquid phase During the pH ＜ 5.5 of isolated pyrolkigneous liquid, collected and be used as pyrolkigneous liquid product, while will be obtained by the second spray liquid phase separation The pyrolkigneous liquid arrived is used as one-level spray agent, and supplements fresh water as two level spray agent；
(6) gas-liquid separation operation is carried out to primary biomass gas obtained by step (3), obtains pure Straw Gas and a small amount of wooden vinegar Liquid, pure Straw Gas is stored or be passed to charing link and is burnt, to provide the thermal source of charing.
The a small amount of pyrolkigneous liquid of gained is incorporated to the pyrolkigneous liquid product of gained in step (4), according to pyrolkigneous liquid：Biomass carbon=3: 10 mass ratio is sprayed to the biomass carbon that step (2) obtains and prepares charcoal base manure.
Above-mentioned charing, sedimentation, cyclonic separation, the operating pressure of spray and gas-liquid separation are -4kPa.
Comparative example 1
The technique that biomass carbon is prepared using rice husk that this comparative example provides, is comprised the following steps：
(1) by rice husk under conditions of anoxybiotic leads to nitrogen by the way of progressively heating up to gained biomass mixture particle Carbonized, 600 DEG C are progressively warming up to by normal temperature, and 20min is incubated at 600 DEG C, obtain carbonizing production.
(2) by gained carbonizing production carry out settlement treatment, obtain biomass carbon and biogas, by gained biomass carbon according to Secondary progress one-level cooling, crushing and two level cooling, the type of cooling is water cooling, and biogas is removed using Cyclone Separation Technology Dirt, solid particle obtained by dedusting is incorporated in the biomass carbon after cooling.
Comparative example 2
What this comparative example provided utilizes maize straw and bagasse 1:1 mixture prepares the technique of biomass carbon, including Following steps：
(1) biomass compound is crushed, gained biological particles carbonized under conditions of anoxybiotic leads to nitrogen, charcoal It is 650 DEG C to change temperature, carbonizes 40min, obtains carbonizing production.
(2) gained carbonizing production is subjected to settlement treatment, biomass carbon and biogas is obtained, using Cyclone Separation Technology Dedusting is carried out to biogas, solid particle obtained by dedusting is incorporated in the biomass carbon after cooling.
Commercially available pyrolkigneous liquid is used with mass ratio 3:10 ratio is sprayed to the biomass carbon that step (2) obtains and prepares charcoal base Fertilizer.
Above-mentioned charing, sedimentation, the operating pressure of cyclonic separation are -4kPa.
Experimental example
Calculate the biomass carbon yield of each embodiment and comparative example and pore-size distribution is carried out to resulting biomass carbon Measure.
Biomass carbon index obtained by 1. each embodiment of table and comparative example
Charcoal base manure is prepared using the biomass carbon obtained by each embodiment and comparative example and is applied to wheatland, experiment is using same Parcel division is into 10 groups, wherein 9 groups are applied charcoal base manure made from biomass carbon obtained by each embodiment and comparative example respectively.Other one Individual control group applies the common inorganic fertilizer of equivalent, as the radix group for calculating volume increase.
The charcoal base manure fertilizer efficiency of table 2.
As can be seen from the above results, biomass carbon being prepared using charring process provided by the invention, organic carbon content is high, Specific surface area is not less than 20%.The charcoal base manure that the biomass carbon as made from charring process of the present invention is prepared, can effectively be carried High yield, compared with the commercially available common inorganic fertilizer of identical amount of application, yield can improve 10~20%.Wherein, carried by comparative example 1 Charcoal base manure made from the biomass carbon of confession, because its biomass carbon quality is not high, nutrition load capacity when preparing charcoal base manure is limited, Along with fertilizer is easy to run off in application, so not observing the raising of yield compared with the inorganic fertilizer of identical amount of application； Charcoal base manure made from the biomass carbon provided as comparative example 2, the raising situation of its yield still have deficiency compared with embodiment, and this can It can be because commercially available pyrolkigneous liquid uses the method for directly condensing gas obtained by biomass combustion to be prepared, contain in it The poisonous and harmful component for being unfavorable for plant strain growth such as BaP.And the pyrolkigneous liquid that the preparation technology of the application obtains is using water pair Biogas is absorbed, and after obtained through being separated, wherein less containing impurity, and containing more beneficial to plant strain growth Component.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate example, and is not the restriction to embodiment.It is right For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description it is other it is various forms of change or Change.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And the obvious change thus extended out or Among changing still in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. a kind of technique for preparing high-quality biological matter charcoal, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) biological particles are dried under anoxic condition, carbonized, obtain biomass carbonated product；
(2) gas solid separation is carried out to the biomass carbonated product, biogas and biomass carbon is obtained, by the biomass carbon Crushed and cooled down；
(3) one-level that the biogas is connected successively after dedusting sprays, two level spray, collects spray liquid and simultaneously uses The mode of sedimentation is separated to it, obtains wood tar, the first pyrolkigneous liquid and sediment；
(4) gas after spray cleaning obtains the second pyrolkigneous liquid and biogas product, the biogas production through gas-liquid separation Product part is used as the thermal source of charing in step (1), and gas collection more than needed utilizes.
(5) first pyrolkigneous liquid and second pyrolkigneous liquid are collected, mixing obtains pyrolkigneous liquid product.
2. the technique according to claim 1 for preparing high-quality biological matter charcoal, it is characterised in that, will in the step (3) Spray agent after the first pyrolkigneous liquid cooling as this grade of spray operation recycles；
As the pH ＜ 5.5 of the first isolated pyrolkigneous liquid of one-level spray liquid, first pyrolkigneous liquid is collected, with described second Pyrolkigneous liquid mixing is used as pyrolkigneous liquid product, while will be sprayed by the first isolated pyrolkigneous liquid of two level spray liquid as one-level Agent, and fresh water is supplemented as two level spray agent.
3. the technique according to claim 1 or 2 for preparing high-quality biological matter charcoal, it is characterised in that the temperature of the charing Spend for 350~650 DEG C, the time of the charing is 30~90min.
4. according to the technique for preparing high-quality biological matter charcoal described in claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that in the step Suddenly in (1), carbonized by the way of gradient increased temperature, carbonization temperature is followed successively by (350 DEG C~450 DEG C), (450 DEG C~500 DEG C), (500 DEG C~580 DEG C), (580 DEG C~600 DEG C), (600 DEG C~650 DEG C), and adjacent temperature range temperature difference is no less than 10℃。
5. according to the technique for preparing high-quality biological matter charcoal described in claim any one of 1-4, it is characterised in that the step (2) gas solid separation is realized by the way of sedimentation in, the powder of biomass carbon is carried out by the way of cooling down, crush, cool down again Broken and cooling treatment.
6. according to the technique for preparing high-quality biological matter charcoal described in claim any one of 1-5, it is characterised in that the step (2) temperature≤80 DEG C of the biomass carbon after being cooled down in；
Temperature≤50 DEG C of gas described in the step (4) after spray cleaning；
The spray agent temperature of the one-level spray is (60~80 DEG C), and the spray agent temperature of the two level spray is (30~50 ℃)。
7. according to the technique for preparing high-quality biological matter charcoal described in claim any one of 1-6, it is characterised in that the step (3) using water as initial spray agent in, the pyrolkigneous liquid concentration that the one-level spray liquid is separated to obtain be consistently higher than by The two level spray liquid is separated obtained pyrolkigneous liquid concentration.
8. according to the technique for preparing high-quality biological matter charcoal described in claim any one of 1-7, it is characterised in that the step (3) time settled described in is 10~60min, collects upper phase as wood tar, collects middle level liquid phase as the first wood Vinegar liquid, layer deposition thing is collected as sediment.
9. according to the technique for preparing high-quality biological matter charcoal described in claim any one of 1-8, it is characterised in that the charcoal Change, gas solid separation, dedusting, the operating pressure of spray and gas-liquid separation are -4kPa~3kPa.
10. according to the technique for preparing high-quality biological matter charcoal described in claim any one of 1-9, it is characterised in that take described The pyrolkigneous liquid product in step (5), be partly sprayed on the biomass carbon through cooling with prepare soil conditioner or Charcoal base manure.
11. according to the technique for preparing high-quality biological matter charcoal described in claim any one of 1-10, it is characterised in that the life Material is that agricultural production has harvested remaining biomass residuum behind seed or edible part.
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Application publication date: 20180209