CN107668705A - 一种具有增强免疫力功能的粉剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种具有增强免疫力功能的粉剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107668705A CN107668705A CN201710942632.3A CN201710942632A CN107668705A CN 107668705 A CN107668705 A CN 107668705A CN 201710942632 A CN201710942632 A CN 201710942632A CN 107668705 A CN107668705 A CN 107668705A
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- fruit
- pulvis
- preparation
- tuber
- inulin
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Abstract
本发明属于保健品领域,公开了一种粉剂由菊粉、灵芝、薏苡仁、茯苓、白朮、菟丝子、黄精、麦冬、甘草、枸杞子、五味子和甜菊糖苷制备而成。本发明所述粉剂的原料全部来源于天然中草药,无辅料添加,成分天然,标签清洁,符合人们追求食品天然健康的理念趋势,且服用剂量小,服食方便,可溶于水中服用,冷水可溶,吸收快。本发明所述粉剂制备方法简单,适合大规模生产携带方便,制得的粉剂稳定性好,存放时间长,口感好,入口即化,冷水可溶。实验表明本发明所述粉剂具有增强免疫力作用,效果显著,可用于制备具有增强免疫力功能的保健食品。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于保健品领域,具体涉及一种具有增强免疫力功能的粉剂及其制备方法,尤其是以天然中草药为主要原料制备的具有增强免疫力功能的粉剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
免疫力是人体自身的防御机制,是人体识别和消灭外来侵入的任何异物(病毒、细菌等)。处理衰老、损伤、死亡、变性的自身细胞以及识别和处理体内突变细胞和病毒感染细胞的能力。随着现代生活节奏的加快、工作压力的不断加大、饮食不均衡、睡眠不足、运动不够……都容易让人免疫力低下。免疫力低下的身体易于被感染或患癌症,各种原因使免疫系统不能正常发挥保护作用,在此情况下,极易招致细菌、病毒、真菌等感染,因此免疫力低下最直接的表现就是容易生病,因经常患病,加重了机体的消耗,所以一般有体质虚弱、营养不良、精神萎靡、疲乏无力、食欲降低、睡眠障碍等表现。生病、打针、吃药、便成了家常便饭,每次生病都要很长时间才能恢复,而且常常反复发作,如感冒反复发作、扁桃体炎反复发作、哮喘反复发作、支气管炎反复发作、肺炎反复发作、腹泻反复发作,长此以往会导致身体和智力发育不良,还易诱发重大疾病。
近年来人民生活水平明显提高人们的消费观念、健康观念发生了较大变化。为规避不健康带来的各种不利影响,使人们越来越重视营养保健品的使用。目前提高免疫力类保健食品主要以补充维生素和矿物质为主,大多以口服液的形态存在。口服液剂携带不便,稳定性差,存放时间短。片剂在压片时大都需要加入淀粉、羟甲基纤维素等大剂量辅料,崩解时间长。同时对吞咽有困难的人群服用不方便,如老人和儿童。
本产品采用常规干燥工艺制成粉剂,携带方便,稳定性好,存放时间长,服用剂量小,可直接口服和溶于水中服用,吸收快,无辅料添加,成分天然,全部来源于植物草本,标签清洁,符合人们追求食品天然健康的理念趋势。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明的目的在于针对现有技术存在的缺陷提供一种具有增强免疫力功能的粉剂,如保健粉剂及其制备方法。本发明所述粉剂以天然中草药为主要原料制备,具有增强免疫力功能,不含辅料,成分天然。
为实现本发明的目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种具有增强免疫力功能的粉剂,由菊粉、灵芝、薏苡仁、茯苓、白朮、菟丝子、黄精、麦冬、甘草、枸杞子、五味子和甜菊糖苷制备而成。
进一步的,作为优选,所述菊粉、灵芝、薏苡仁、茯苓、白朮、菟丝子、黄精、麦冬、甘草、枸杞子、五味子和甜菊糖苷的质量比为(50~80)∶(10~30)∶(3~8)∶(2~8)∶(1~5)∶(1~5)∶(1~5)∶(0.5~1)∶(0.2~0.8)∶(0.2~0.8)∶(0.2~0.8)∶(0.2~0.8)。
在一些实施方案中,所述菊粉、灵芝、薏苡仁、茯苓、白朮、菟丝子、黄精、麦冬、甘草、枸杞子、五味子和甜菊糖苷的质量比为50∶16∶8∶8∶5∶5∶5∶1∶0.5∶0.5∶0.5∶0.5。
在一些实施方案中,所述菊粉、灵芝、薏苡仁、茯苓、白朮、菟丝子、黄精、麦冬、甘草、枸杞子、五味子和甜菊糖苷的质量比为80∶10∶3∶2∶1∶1∶1∶0.5∶0.5∶0.4∶0.3∶0.3。
在一些实施方案中,所述菊粉、灵芝、薏苡仁、茯苓、白朮、菟丝子、黄精、麦冬、甘草、枸杞子、五味子和甜菊糖苷的质量比为65∶20∶5∶3∶1.5∶1.5∶1∶1∶0.5∶0.5∶0.5∶0.5。
本发明还提供了所述的粉剂的制备方法,将灵芝、薏苡仁、茯苓、白朮、菟丝子、黄精、麦冬、甘草、枸杞子和五味子加水提取,过滤后收集提取液,加入菊粉混合后干燥,加入甜菊糖苷制粒,烘干,整粒。
优选的,本发明所述的粉剂的制备方法中,所述加水煎煮提取为第一次加8-15倍的水,提取2-4小时,第二次加10-20倍的水提取2-5小时。
优选的,所述干燥前还包括浓缩的步骤,所述浓缩为真空浓缩或反渗透浓缩。
进一步优选的,所述干燥为喷雾干燥、冷冻干燥、带式干燥、微波干燥、真空干燥。
优选的,本发明所述制备方法中产品粒度控制在30至100目。
由上述技术方案可知,本发明提供了一种粉剂由菊粉、灵芝、薏苡仁、茯苓、白朮、菟丝子、黄精、麦冬、甘草、枸杞子、五味子和甜菊糖苷制备而成。本发明所述粉剂的原料全部来源于天然中草药,无辅料添加,成分天然,标签清洁,符合人们追求食品天然健康的理念趋势,且服用剂量小,服食方便,可溶于水中服用,冷水可溶,吸收快。本发明所述粉剂制备方法简单,适合大规模生产携带方便,制得的粉剂稳定性好,存放时间长。口感好,入口即化,冷水可溶。实验表明本发明所述粉剂具有增强免疫力作用,效果显著,可用于制备具有增强免疫力功能的保健食品。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。
图1示本发明所述保健粉剂的制备流程;
图2示受试样品对ConA诱导淋巴细胞转化的影响图;
图3示受试样品对抗体生成细胞的影响图;
图4示受试样品对NK细胞活性的影响图;
图5示受试样品对小鼠巨噬细胞吞噬率和吞噬指数的影响图。
具体实施方式
本发明公开了一种具有增强免疫力功能的粉剂及其制备方法。本领域技术人员可以借鉴本文内容,适当改进工艺参数实现。特别需要指出的是,所有类似的替换和改动对本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的,它们都被视为包括在本发明。本发明的方法及产品已经通过较佳实施例进行了描述,相关人员明显能在不脱离本发明内容、精神和范围内对本文所述的方法进行改动或适当变更与组合,来实现和应用本发明技术。
为了进一步理解本发明,下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
如无特殊说明,本发明实施例中所涉及的试剂均为市售产品,均可以通过商业渠道购买获得。
实施例1、本发明所述保健粉剂
配方:
菊粉 | 50g |
灵芝 | 16g |
薏苡仁 | 8g |
茯苓 | 8g |
白术 | 5g |
菟丝子 | 5g |
黄精 | 5g |
麦冬 | 1g |
甘草 | 0.5g |
枸杞子 | 0.5g |
五味子 | 0.5g |
甜菊糖苷 | 0.5g |
制备方法:
将灵芝、薏苡仁、茯苓、白朮、菟丝子、黄精、麦冬、甘草、枸杞子、五味子投入提取罐,加入8-15倍纯化水,煎煮提取2-4小时后过滤,再加入10-20倍纯化水,煎煮提取2-5小时后过滤,合并两次滤液,浓缩,然后加入菊粉进行喷雾干燥或带式干燥或冷冻干燥,得中草药提取干粉。将甜菊糖苷加入中草药提取干粉中,制粒,烘干,整粒,产品粒度控制在30至100目。
实施例2、本发明所述保健粉剂
配方:
制备方法:
将灵芝、薏苡仁、茯苓、白朮、菟丝子、黄精、麦冬、甘草、枸杞子、五味子投入提取罐,加入8-15倍纯化水,煎煮提取2-4小时后过滤,再加入10-20倍纯化水,煎煮提取2-5小时后过滤,合并两次滤液,浓缩,然后加入菊粉进行喷雾干燥或带式干燥或冷冻干燥,得中草药提取干粉。将甜菊糖苷加入中草药提取干粉中,制粒,烘干,整粒,产品粒度控制在30至100目。
实施例3、本发明所述保健粉剂
配方:
制备方法:
将灵芝、薏苡仁、茯苓、白朮、菟丝子、黄精、麦冬、甘草、枸杞子、五味子投入提取罐,加入8-15倍纯化水,煎煮提取2-4小时后过滤,再加入10-20倍纯化水,煎煮提取2-5小时后过滤,合并两次滤液,浓缩,然后加入菊粉进行喷雾干燥或带式干燥或冷冻干燥,得中草药提取干粉。将甜菊糖苷加入中草药提取干粉中,制粒,烘干,整粒,产品粒度控制在30至100目。
试验例1、增强免疫力功能检验
增强免疫力功能判定分为细胞免疫功能、体液免疫功能、单核-巨噬细胞功能、NK细胞活性四个方面,只要任意两个方面结果阳性,可判定受试样品具有增强免疫力功能。
1、受试样品:采用实施例3制得粉剂样品。
2、试验动物:近交系BALB/C小鼠,雄性,18-22g。购买后适应性饲养一周,按体重随机分组,每组12只。
3、分组及受试样品给予时间:
试验动物共分4组,分别为3个剂量组和对照组(等量的蒸馏水)。3个剂量以人体推荐量的5倍(166.67mg/kg)、10倍(333.33mg/kg)和30倍(1000mg/kg)设置,每个剂量设三个重复。受试样品给予时间为30天。
4、试验方法及结果:
4.1受试样品对小试体重的影响
表1受试样品小鼠体重的影响
表1结果显示,经口给予小鼠不同剂量供试样品30天后,与对照组比较,三个剂量组体重均无显著差异(P>0.05),表明受试品安全性较好。
4.2受试样品对脾脏/体重比值的影响
表2受试样品对小鼠脾脏/体重比的影响
组别(g/kg.BW) | 脾脏/体重(%) | P值 |
对照组 | 0.33±0.02 | -- |
低剂量组 | 0.34±0.08 | 0.282 |
中剂量组 | 0.35±0.04 | 0.069 |
高剂量组 | 0.39±0.12 | 0.084 |
表2结果显示,经口给予小鼠不同剂量受试样品30天后,与对照组比较,三个剂量组脾脏/体重比值均无显著差异(P>0.05)。
4.3ConA诱导的小鼠脾淋巴细胞转化实验(MTT法)
(1)脾细胞悬液制备:无菌取脾脏,Hanks液中放置,镊子将脾脏剪碎,制成单个细胞悬液,过200目筛网过滤,Hanks液清洗2次,每次离心10分钟(1000rpm/min),然后将细胞悬液悬浮于完全培养基长,台盼蓝染色计算活细胞数后调整细胞密度为3×106个/mL。
(2)脾细胞增殖检测:将每一份细胞悬液分成两孔加入24孔培养板中,每孔1mL,一孔加入ConA溶液(终浓度7.5ug/mL),另一孔做对照。细胞培养箱内孵育培养72小时。MTT法检测每孔的吸光度OD值。
用加ConA孔的OD值减去对照孔代表淋巴细胞的增殖能力,统计结果见图2。
图2结果显示,经口给予小鼠不同剂量受试样品30天后,与对照组相比,三个剂量组对ConA诱导淋巴细胞转化均无显著性差异(P>0.05),实验结果阴性。
4.4迟发型变态反应(DTH)
二硝基氟苯诱导小鼠DTH(耳肿胀法)
(1)DNFB溶液(1%浓度的二硝基氟苯)配制;
(2)致敏:每只小鼠腹部用硫化钡脱毛,范围约3cm×3cm,用DNFB溶液50μL均匀涂抹致敏
(3)DTH产生与测定:5天后,用DNFB溶液均匀涂抹于小鼠右耳两面)进行攻击,攻击后24小时颈椎脱臼处死,剪下左右耳壳,用打孔器取下直径8mm的耳片,称重。
结果判定:用左右耳重量之差表示DTH的程度,结果见表3。
表3受试样品对小鼠耳肿胀的影响
表3结果显示,与对照组相比,受试样品三个剂量组左右耳重量差值均无显著性差异(P>0.05),实验结果阴性。
4.5抗体生成细胞检测(Jerne改良拨片法)
(1)脾细胞悬液制备:将SRBC免疫4-5天的小鼠颈椎脱臼处死,取出脾脏,制成脾细胞悬液,调整细胞密度为5×106个/mL。
(2)空斑测定:将表层培养基溶解后,45℃水浴,与等量的pH7.2的2倍浓度的Hanks溶液混合,分装小试管,每管0.5mL。再向管内加50μL10%SRBC,20μL的脾细胞悬液,迅速混匀倾倒于已经刷上琼脂糖薄层的玻片上,做平行片,待凝固后,将玻片水平扣放在玻片架凹槽内,继续温育1.5小时,统计溶血空斑数结果见图3。
图3结果显示,经口给予小鼠不同剂量受试样品30天后,与对照组相比,受试样品可以提高脾脏细胞的抗体生成,其中高剂量组空斑数具有显著性差异(P<0.05),实验结果阳性。
4.6NK细胞活性测定(乳酸脱氢酶测定法)
靶细胞的传代(YAC-1细胞):实验前将靶细胞进行传代培养,调整细胞状态。
脾细胞悬液制备方法同4.3,台盼蓝染色计数活细胞需要在95%以上。分离的脾细胞悬液调整浓度为2×107个/mL。
NK细胞活性检测:取靶细胞和效应细胞各自100μL(效应细胞:靶细胞=50∶1)加入到96孔培养板内。靶细胞自然释放孔加靶细胞和培养液各100μL,靶细胞最大稀释孔加靶细胞和1%NP40或2.5%Triton各100μL。上述各实验组均设置3个复孔,细胞培养箱培养4个小时,然后将培养板进行低速离心5min,每孔吸取上清100微升转至平底的96孔培养板内。利用LDH检测试剂盒,490nm检测每孔的OD值,每个实验组取三个复孔的平均值,计算NK细胞活性,结果见图4。其中NK细胞活性的计算公式如下:
NK细胞活性(%)=(反应孔OD值-自然释放孔OD值)/(最大释放孔OD值-自然释放孔OD值)×100%。
图4结果显示,经口给予小鼠不同剂量受试样品30天后,与对照组相比,受试样品低剂量组NK细胞活性无显著性差异(P>0.05),中、高两个剂量组NK细胞活性均有显著性差异(P<0.05),实验结果阳性。
4.7小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬棘红细胞实验(滴片法)
小鼠巨噬细胞的激活:实验前4天给每只小鼠腹腔注射2%压积羊血红细胞0.2mL。用颈椎脱臼法处死小鼠,腹腔注射加小牛血清的Hanks溶液4ml/只,轻轻按揉腹部20次,充分洗出腹腔巨噬细胞。然后腹腔壁剪开一个小口,用胶头习惯吸取腹腔洗液2mL。用加样器吸取0.5mL腹腔洗液加入到0.5mL1%鸡血红细胞悬液的试管内,混匀。吸取混合液0.5mL加到拨片的琼脂圈内。放置细胞培养箱内孵育20min,孵育结束后迅速用生理盐水将未贴壁的细胞洗掉,甲醛溶液固定1min,Giemsa染色15min。冲洗,晾干,用40×显微镜统计吞噬率和吞噬指数。结果见图5。油镜下计数巨噬细胞,每张片计数100个,按照以下公式计算吞噬率和吞噬指数。
吞噬百分数(%)=吞噬鸡血红细胞的巨噬细胞数/计数的巨噬细胞数×100;
吞噬指数=被吞噬的鸡红细胞总数/计数的巨噬细胞数
图5结果显示,经口给予小鼠不同剂量供试样品30天后,与对照组相比,受试样品低剂量组吞噬百分率及吞噬指数无显著差异(P>0.05),中、高剂量组吞噬百分率和吞噬指数均有显著差异(P<0.05),实验结果阳性。
5、结论
本实验方案符合动物福利原则,实验过程符合动物实验条件要求,数据详实,结果经统计学分析,得出结论如下:
5.1小鼠脾淋巴细胞转化实验和迟发型变态反应实验结果均为阴性,判定细胞免疫功能试验结果阴性。
5.2抗体生成细胞检测实验结果为阳性,判定体液免疫功能试验结果阳性。
5.3小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬棘红细胞实验结果为阳性,判定单核—巨噬细胞功能试验结果阳性。
5.4乳酸脱氢酶测定实验结果为阳性,判定NK细胞活性结果阳性。
在细胞免疫功能、体液免疫功能、单核-巨噬细胞功能及NK细胞活性四个方面测定中,本试验结果显示供试样品在体液免疫功能中的抗体生成、腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞、NK细胞活性中受检样品均可显著提高各指标,且与对照组相比具有显著性差异。
综上所述,在本实验室条件下,BALB/C小鼠分别经口灌胃连续给予蒸馏水、低、中、高不同剂量的实施例3制得粉剂溶液30天后,检测结果表明实施例3制得粉剂具有增强免疫力功效。
实施例1和实施例2制得粉剂的效果与实施例3的效果相当。
Claims (10)
1.一种粉剂,其特征在于,由菊粉、灵芝、薏苡仁、茯苓、白朮、菟丝子、黄精、麦冬、甘草、枸杞子、五味子和甜菊糖苷制备而成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的粉剂,其特征在于,所述菊粉、灵芝、薏苡仁、茯苓、白朮、菟丝子、黄精、麦冬、甘草、枸杞子、五味子和甜菊糖苷的质量比为(50~80):(10~30):(3~8):(2~8):(1~5):(1~5):(1~5):(0.5~1):(0.2~0.8):(0.2~0.8):(0.2~0.8):(0.2~0.8)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的粉剂,其特征在于,所述菊粉、灵芝、薏苡仁、茯苓、白朮、菟丝子、黄精、麦冬、甘草、枸杞子、五味子和甜菊糖苷的质量比为50:16:8:8:5:5:5:1:0.5:0.5:0.5:0.5。
4.根据权利要求1所述的粉剂,其特征在于,所述菊粉、灵芝、薏苡仁、茯苓、白朮、菟丝子、黄精、麦冬、甘草、枸杞子、五味子和甜菊糖苷的质量比为80:10:3:2:1:1:1:0.5:0.5:0.4:0.3:0.3。
5.根据权利要求1所述的粉剂,其特征在于,所述菊粉、灵芝、薏苡仁、茯苓、白朮、菟丝子、黄精、麦冬、甘草、枸杞子、五味子和甜菊糖苷的质量比为65:20:5:3:1.5:1.5:1:1:0.5:0.5:0.5:0.5。
6.权利要求1-5任意一项所述的粉剂的制备方法,其特征在于,将灵芝、薏苡仁、茯苓、白朮、菟丝子、黄精、麦冬、甘草、枸杞子和五味子加水提取,过滤后收集提取液,加入菊粉混合后干燥,加入甜菊糖苷制粒,烘干,整粒。
7.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述加水煎煮提取为第一次加8-15倍的水,提取2-4小时,第二次加10-20倍的水提取2-5小时。
8.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述干燥前还包括浓缩的步骤,所述浓缩为真空浓缩或反渗透浓缩。
9.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述干燥为喷雾干燥、冷冻干燥、带式干燥、微波干燥、真空干燥。
10.权利要求1-5任意一项所述粉剂在制备具有增强免疫功能的保健食品中的应用。
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