CN107667934A - The cultural method of South America prawn - Google Patents
The cultural method of South America prawn Download PDFInfo
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- CN107667934A CN107667934A CN201710771445.3A CN201710771445A CN107667934A CN 107667934 A CN107667934 A CN 107667934A CN 201710771445 A CN201710771445 A CN 201710771445A CN 107667934 A CN107667934 A CN 107667934A
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- chaetoceros
- south america
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- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 241000227752 Chaetoceros Species 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000020958 biotin Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910021380 Manganese Chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Manganese chloride Chemical compound Cl[Mn]Cl GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000366 copper(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000019301 disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000002867 manganese chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011565 manganese chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- VLAPMBHFAWRUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-L molybdic acid Chemical compound O[Mo](O)(=O)=O VLAPMBHFAWRUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- NASFKTWZWDYFER-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na] NASFKTWZWDYFER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000009529 zinc sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N (+)-Biotin Chemical compound N1C(=O)N[C@@H]2[C@H](CCCCC(=O)O)SC[C@@H]21 YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- NQXWGWZJXJUMQB-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Cl-].Cl[Fe+]Cl NQXWGWZJXJUMQB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011691 vitamin B1 Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011715 vitamin B12 Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011616 biotin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229960002685 biotin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- AGVAZMGAQJOSFJ-WZHZPDAFSA-M cobalt(2+);[(2r,3s,4r,5s)-5-(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] [(2r)-1-[3-[(1r,2r,3r,4z,7s,9z,12s,13s,14z,17s,18s,19r)-2,13,18-tris(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-7,12,17-tris(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-3,5,8,8,13,15,18,19-octamethyl-2 Chemical compound [Co+2].N#[C-].[N-]([C@@H]1[C@H](CC(N)=O)[C@@]2(C)CCC(=O)NC[C@@H](C)OP(O)(=O)O[C@H]3[C@H]([C@H](O[C@@H]3CO)N3C4=CC(C)=C(C)C=C4N=C3)O)\C2=C(C)/C([C@H](C\2(C)C)CCC(N)=O)=N/C/2=C\C([C@H]([C@@]/2(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=N\C\2=C(C)/C2=N[C@]1(C)[C@@](C)(CC(N)=O)[C@@H]2CCC(N)=O AGVAZMGAQJOSFJ-WZHZPDAFSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011726 vitamin B6 Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011686 zinc sulphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims description 17
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical class [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001615 biotins Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- BBMHARZCALWXSL-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogenphosphate monohydrate Chemical class O.[Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O BBMHARZCALWXSL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- AWUCVROLDVIAJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-glycerophosphate Natural products OCC(O)COP(O)(O)=O AWUCVROLDVIAJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- AWUCVROLDVIAJX-GSVOUGTGSA-N sn-glycerol 3-phosphate Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)COP(O)(O)=O AWUCVROLDVIAJX-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FWFGVMYFCODZRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidanium;hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound O.OS(O)(=O)=O FWFGVMYFCODZRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 disodium glycerophosphates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003109 Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M thiamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[Cl-].CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L EDTA disodium salt (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OC(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC([O-])=O ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005446 dissolved organic matter Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002846 particulate organic matter Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 241000238421 Arthropoda Species 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000238550 Penaeidae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000927735 Penaeus Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015816 nutrient absorption Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000238424 Crustacea Species 0.000 description 1
- OVBJJZOQPCKUOR-UHFFFAOYSA-L EDTA disodium salt dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C[NH+](CC([O-])=O)CC[NH+](CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O OVBJJZOQPCKUOR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000530452 Litopenaeus Species 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- JJYGDWBAWIVMSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P].OCC(O)CO.[Na].[Na] Chemical compound [P].OCC(O)CO.[Na].[Na] JJYGDWBAWIVMSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000686 essence Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004899 motility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/22—Compounds of alkali metals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Seaweed (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the cultural method of South America prawn, comprise the following steps：First toward injection seawater in the pond after sterilization, pond connection water circle device；Before seedling is being put, is being inoculated with 1000~15,000,000/mL Chaetoceros and 1000~15,000,000/mL salt algaes；Chaetoceros and salt algae carry out culture using nutrient solution and are made, and nutrient solution includes following raw material：Iron trichloride hexahydrate, disodium EDTA, cupric sulfate pentahydrate, two molybdic acid hydrate sodium, white vitriol, CoCL2 6H2O, four water manganous chloride, vitamin B1, biotin, vitamin B12, vitamin B6And sea salt；After water stabilization, 450~550 tails/m is launched2Shrimp seedling is to the pond；Breeding process：Day throws the tail shrimp feeds of 50~500g/ ten thousand, wherein 15~20% shrimp feeds are directly edible by prawn, nutrition of the surplus feed after water treatment facilities decomposes as Chaetoceros and salt algae；It is 1000~15,000,000/mL to keep the density of Chaetoceros and salt algae in pond simultaneously, and putting after seedling can harvest after 40~70 days.The cultivation survival rate of South America prawn of the present invention is high, prawn specification is big, yield is big.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to prawn technical field, more particularly to the cultural method of South America prawn.
Background technology
South America prawn scientific name Litoenaeus vannamei, it is category Arthropoda (Arthropoda), Crustachia (Crustacea), full
Mesh (Decapoda), swimming suborder (Natantia), Penaeidae (Penaeidae), Penaeus (Penaeus), Lito-
Penaeus subgenus, it is wide warm eurysalinity torrid zone shrimps.South America prawn average life span at least can be more than 32 months.Adult is most long
Up to 24cm, crust is relatively thin, and normal body colour is shallow cinerous, and whole body does not have speckle.Step is in often chalk shape, thus have white limb shrimp it
Claim, and delicious meat, there is very high economic value.Cultivation South America prawn has that the speed of growth is fast, adaptable, yield is high
The advantages that, it has also become one of most important breed variety of China prawn.The survival rate of South America prawn culturing finished product and growth at present
The restriction of Changes in weather, and the safety and Water quality of unmanageable aquaculture organism are suffered from, therefore often yield is difficult to
Control, or even extensive prawn are dead, and the economic benefit of raiser is by heavy losses.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides the cultural method of South America prawn, cultivation survival rate is high, prawn specification is big, yield
Greatly.
The technological means that the present invention uses is as follows：The cultural method of South America prawn, comprises the following steps：
(1) intake：Seawater is injected in toward the pond after sterilization, the pond connects water circle device, keeps seawater circulation,
The water circle device is used for degrade, remove particulate organic matter or dissolved organic matter, and the seawater after processing is clean comes back to
In pond；
(2) before seedling is put：Before seedling is being put, is being inoculated with 1000~15,000,000/mL Chaetoceros and 1000~15,000,000/mL salt
Algae；Chaetoceros and the salt algae carries out culture using nutrient solution and is made, and the nutrient solution includes following raw material：Iron trichloride hexahydrate,
Disodium EDTA, cupric sulfate pentahydrate, two molybdic acid hydrate sodium, white vitriol, CoCL2 6H2O, four water dichlorides
Manganese, vitamin B1, biotin, vitamin B12, vitamin B6And sea salt；
(3) seedling is put：After water stabilization in pond, 450~550 tails/m is launched2Shrimp seedling is to the pond；
(4) breeding process：Shrimp feed is fed, day feeding volume is the tails of 50~500g/ ten thousand, wherein 15~20% shrimp feeds are right
Shrimp is directly edible, nutrition of the surplus feed after water treatment facilities decomposes as Chaetoceros and salt algae；Keep pond interior angle simultaneously
The density range of hair algae and salt algae is 1000~15,000,000/mL, and putting after seedling can harvest after 40~70 days.
Further, in the step (2), in every liter of nutrient solution, inoculation 200~250 × 106Cell Chaetoceros or salt algae
Cultivated.
Further, in the step (2), every liter of nutrient solution includes the raw material of following weight：The water of 3.0~3.3g six
Iron chloride, 4.0~4.5g disodium EDTAs, 9.5~10.0g cupric sulfate pentahydrates, the molybdic acid hydrates of 6.0~6.5g bis-
Sodium, 20~25g white vitriols, 9~11g CoCL2 6H2Os, the water manganous chloride of 175~185g tetra-, 190~210mg vitamins
B1, 190~210mg biotins, 190~210mg vitamin Bs12, 190~210mg vitamin Bs6And 90~110g sea salt.
Further, every liter of nutrient solution also includes following raw material：70~80g sodium nitrate, the water biphosphates of 4~6g mono-
Sodium, the water sodium metasilicate of 28~32g nine, 1.0~1.5g selenoureas acid.
Further, every liter of nutrient solution also includes following raw material：9~11g ammonium chlorides, 14~16g disodium glycerine phosphorus
Acid esters.
Further, in the step (2), every liter of nutrient solution includes the raw material of following weight：The water chlorinations of 3.15g six
Iron, 4.36g disodium EDTAs, 9.8g cupric sulfate pentahydrates, the molybdic acid hydrate sodium of 6.3g bis-, 22g white vitriols, 10g
CoCL2 6H2O, the water manganous chloride of 180g tetra-, 200mg vitamin Bs1, 200mg biotins, 200mg vitamin Bs12, 200mg dimension
Raw plain B6, 75g sodium nitrate, 5g sodium dihydrogen phosphate-waters, the water sodium metasilicate of 30g nine, 1.29g selenoureas acid, 10g ammonium chlorides, 15g disodiums
Glycerophosphate, 100g sea salt and excess water.
Further, the pond is runway pond.
Further, the throw-in density of the shrimp seedling is 500 tails/m2。
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The present invention utilizes the runway pond for connecting water circle device,
Appropriate self-control Chaetoceros and salt algae are inoculated with, water cycle system is combined and makes Chaetoceros, the breeding way of salt algae by oneself, promotes pond
Interior algal grown, prevents pathogen from invading, while prawn can be allowed preferably to absorb nourishment, and promotes growth；Combined in pond
Shrimp feed is cultivated, and small part shrimp feed is directly edible by prawn, and most of shrimp feed is after water treatment facilities decomposes, its battalion
Support after being absorbed by Chaetoceros and salt algae, then eaten by prawn, nutrient absorption is better, and will not cause the wave of shrimp feed
Take.The density of Chaetoceros and salt algae is controlled, that is, controls water quality in pond so that the present invention is more convenient for controlling the water environment in pond
Quality, water degradation is avoided, keep high-quality water environment, breeding survival rate height, the prawn of South America prawn of the present invention is greatly improved
Specification is big, yield is big.Wherein, the homemade nutrient solution of the present invention meets the growth demand of Chaetoceros and salt algae very much, makes Chaetoceros
Largely quickly bred with salt algae, and it is being rich in nutrition, meet the needs of South America prawn culturing；And Chaetoceros and salt algae quality is made
Gently, it will not sink to the bottom, avoid occurring to fall algae, avoiding dead algae from decomposing toxin influences water environment, influences the growth of prawn.In addition, system
Chaetoceros are obtained in green, its chlorophyll content is high, and photosynthesis is strong, further effective growth of promotion algae, and promote prawn
Development.
Embodiment
The principles and features of the present invention are described below, and illustrated embodiment is served only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to
Limit the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The cultural method of South America prawn, comprises the following steps：
(1) intake：Seawater is injected in toward the runway pond after sterilization, the pond connects water circle device, runway pond
Closed recirculating system is formed with water circle device, enclosed circulation cultivation can keep constant water temperature, promote growth,
The fluctuation of the factor and temperature that influence bio-safety is reduced, waste and toxin caused by supporting shrimp process is effectively removed, degrades, goes
Except particulate organic matter or dissolved organic matter, the seawater after processing is clean is by coming back in pond, there is provided 100% circulation
Cultivation water；
(2) before seedling is put：Before seedling is being put, is being inoculated with 1000~11,000,000/mL Chaetoceros and 1000~11,000,000/mL salt
Algae；Chaetoceros and the salt algae carries out culture using nutrient solution and is made, and every liter of nutrient solution includes the raw material of following weight：3.0g six
Water iron chloride, 4.0g disodium EDTAs, 9.5g cupric sulfate pentahydrates, the molybdic acid hydrate sodium of 6.0g bis-, the water sulfuric acid of 20g seven
Zinc, 9g CoCL2 6H2Os, the water manganous chloride of 175g tetra-, 190mg vitamin Bs1, 190mg biotins, 190mg vitamin Bs12、
190mg vitamin Bs6, 70g sodium nitrate, 4g sodium dihydrogen phosphate-waters, the water sodium metasilicate of 28g nine, 1.0g selenoureas acid, 9g ammonium chlorides,
14g disodiums glycerophosphate and 90g sea salt and excess water；During culture, in every liter of nutrient solution, inoculation 200~210 ×
106Cell Chaetoceros or salt algae are cultivated；
(3) seedling is put：After water stabilization in pond, about 450 tails/m is launched2Shrimp seedling is to the pond；
(4) breeding process：Shrimp feed is fed, the day feeding volume of shrimp feed is the tails of 50~500g/ ten thousand, daily specific feeding volume
It can be determined according to bait situation is remained in detection net, wherein 15~20% shrimp feeds are directly edible by prawn, surplus feed is through water process
Nutrition after device decomposition as Chaetoceros and salt algae；Keep simultaneously in pond the density range of Chaetoceros and salt algae be 1000~
11000000/mL, putting after seedling can harvest after 60~70 days.
Embodiment 2
The cultural method of South America prawn, comprises the following steps：
(1) intake：Seawater is injected in toward the runway pond after sterilization, the pond connects water circle device, runway pond
Closed recirculating system is formed with water circle device, enclosed circulation cultivation can keep constant water temperature, promote growth,
The fluctuation of the factor and temperature that influence bio-safety is reduced, waste and toxin caused by supporting shrimp process is effectively removed, degrades, goes
Except particulate organic matter or dissolved organic matter, the seawater after processing is clean is by coming back in pond, there is provided 100% circulation
Cultivation water；
(2) before seedling is put：Before seedling is being put, is being inoculated with 1400~15,000,000/mL Chaetoceros and 1400~15,000,000/mL salt
Algae；Chaetoceros and the salt algae carries out culture using nutrient solution and is made, and every liter of nutrient solution includes the raw material of following weight：3.3g six
Water iron chloride, 4.5g disodium EDTAs, 10.0g cupric sulfate pentahydrates, the molybdic acid hydrate sodium of 6.5g bis-, the water sulfuric acid of 25g seven
Zinc, 11g CoCL2 6H2Os, the water manganous chloride of 185g tetra-, 210mg vitamin Bs1, 210mg biotins, 210mg vitamin Bs12、
210mg vitamin Bs6, 80g sodium nitrate, 6g sodium dihydrogen phosphate-waters, the water sodium metasilicate of 32g nine, 1.5g selenoureas acid, 11g ammonium chlorides,
16g disodiums glycerophosphate and 110g sea salt and excess water；During culture, in every liter of nutrient solution, inoculation 240~250 ×
106Cell Chaetoceros or salt algae are cultivated；
(3) seedling is put：After water stabilization in pond, about 550 tails/m is launched2Shrimp seedling is to the pond；
(4) breeding process：Shrimp feed is fed, the day feeding volume of shrimp feed is the tails of 50~500g/ ten thousand, daily specific feeding volume
It can be determined according to bait situation is remained in detection net, wherein 15~20% shrimp feeds are directly edible by prawn, surplus feed is through water process
Nutrition after device decomposition as Chaetoceros and salt algae；Keep simultaneously in pond the density range of Chaetoceros and salt algae be 1400~
15000000/mL, putting after seedling can harvest after 40~50 days.
Embodiment 3
The cultural method of South America prawn, comprises the following steps：
(1) intake：Seawater is injected in toward the runway pond after sterilization, the pond connects water circle device, runway pond
Closed recirculating system is formed with water circle device, enclosed circulation cultivation can keep constant water temperature, promote growth,
The fluctuation of the factor and temperature that influence bio-safety is reduced, waste and toxin caused by supporting shrimp process is effectively removed, degrades, goes
Except particulate organic matter or dissolved organic matter, the seawater after processing is clean is by coming back in pond, there is provided 100% circulation
Cultivation water；
(2) before seedling is put：Before seedling is being put, is being inoculated with 1200~13,000,000/mL Chaetoceros and 1200~13,000,000/mL salt
Algae；Chaetoceros and the salt algae carries out culture using nutrient solution and is made, and every liter of nutrient solution includes the raw material of following weight：3.15g
Iron trichloride hexahydrate, 4.36g disodium EDTAs, 9.8g cupric sulfate pentahydrates, the molybdic acid hydrate sodium of 6.3g bis-, the water sulphur of 22g seven
Sour zinc, 10g CoCL2 6H2Os, the water manganous chloride of 180g tetra-, 200mg vitamin Bs1, 200mg biotins, 200mg vitamin Bs12、
200mg vitamin Bs6, 75g sodium nitrate, 5g sodium dihydrogen phosphate-waters, the water sodium metasilicate of 30g nine, 1.29g selenoureas acid, 10g ammonium chlorides,
15g disodiums glycerophosphate, 100g sea salt and excess water；During culture, in every liter of nutrient solution, inoculation 220~230 × 106cell
Chaetoceros or salt algae are cultivated；
(3) seedling is put：After water stabilization in pond, about 500 tails/m is launched2Shrimp seedling is to the pond；
(4) breeding process：Shrimp feed is fed, the day feeding volume of shrimp feed is the tails of 50~500g/ ten thousand, daily specific feeding volume
It can be determined according to bait situation is remained in detection net, wherein 15~20% shrimp feeds are directly edible by prawn, surplus feed is through water process
Nutrition after device decomposition as Chaetoceros and salt algae；Keep simultaneously in pond the density range of Chaetoceros and salt algae be 1200~
13000000/mL, putting after seedling can harvest after 50~60 days.
Comparative example 1
The difference of this comparative example and embodiment 3 is, is putting before seedling, and it is that market is straight to be inoculated into the Chaetoceros in pond and salt algae
Connect purchase to obtain, the nutrient solution that the present invention is not used is cultivated.
Comparative example 2
The difference of this comparative example and embodiment 3 is, is putting before seedling, be inoculated with 5,000,000/mL Chaetoceros and 20,000,000/
ML salt algaes.
First, the culture of Solution culture method Chaetoceros of the present invention and salt algae and classical culture protocols is utilized in embodiment 1~3
Effect is as follows：
| Embodiment | Before culture | After culture |
| Embodiment 1 | 1.2×105cells/ml | 1.3×1010cells/ml |
| Embodiment 2 | 1.2×105cells/ml | 1.2×1010cells/ml |
| Embodiment 3 | 1.2×105cells/ml | 1.5×1010cells/ml |
| Traditional cultural method | 1.2×105cells/ml | 1.5×106cells/ml |
The above results show that the homemade nutrient solution of the present invention meets the growth demand of Chaetoceros and salt algae very much, makes angle hair
Algae and salt algae largely quickly breed, and being rich in nutrition, meet the needs of South America prawn culturing；And Chaetoceros and salt algae matter is made
Amount is light, will not sink to the bottom, and avoids occurring to fall algae, and avoiding dead algae from decomposing toxin influences water environment, influences the growth of prawn.In addition, system
Chaetoceros are obtained in green, its chlorophyll content is high, and photosynthesis is strong, further effective growth of promotion algae, and promote prawn
Development.
2nd, the embodiment of the present invention 1~3 and the South America prawn culturing result of comparative example 1~2 are as follows：
The above results show that the cultivation survival rate of the embodiment of the present invention 1~3, prawn specification is big, yield is big.
Comparative example 1 contrasts with embodiment 3, it is seen that inoculation market, which is directly bought, obtains Chaetoceros and salt algae to pond, cultivation
Survival rate is relatively low, prawn specification is relatively small, yield has also declined.
Comparative example 2 contrasts with embodiment 3, it is seen that inoculation, too little or too much Chaetoceros and salt algae, can all reduce cultivation into
Motility rate, the growing of prawn is influenceed, influence its prawn specification, reduce its yield.
To sum up, the present invention utilizes the runway pond for connecting water circle device, is inoculated with appropriate self-control Chaetoceros and salt algae, will
Water cycle system combines self-control Chaetoceros, the breeding way of salt algae, is cultivated in combination with shrimp feed, small part shrimp feed quilt
Prawn is directly edible, after most of shrimp feed is after water treatment facilities decomposes, its nutrition is absorbed by Chaetoceros and salt algae, then it is right
Shrimp eats, and nutrient absorption is better, and will not cause the waste of shrimp feed.The density of Chaetoceros and salt algae is controlled, that is, is controlled
Water quality in pond processed so that the present invention is more convenient for controlling the quality of water environment in pond, avoids water degradation, keeps high-quality water
Environment, the cultivation survival rate height of South America prawn of the present invention is greatly improved, prawn specification is big, yield is big.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
God any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements done etc., should be included within the scope of protection of the invention with principle.
Claims (8)
1. the cultural method of South America prawn, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) intake：Seawater is injected in toward the pond after sterilization, the pond connects water circle device, keeps seawater circulation, described
Water circle device is used for Organic substance in water of degrading, remove, and the seawater after processing is clean is come back in pond；
(2) before seedling is put：Before seedling is being put, is being inoculated with 1000~15,000,000/mL Chaetoceros and 1000~15,000,000/mL salt algaes；Institute
State Chaetoceros and salt algae using nutrient solution carry out culture be made, the nutrient solution includes following raw material：Iron trichloride hexahydrate, ethylenediamine
Sequestrene AA, cupric sulfate pentahydrate, two molybdic acid hydrate sodium, white vitriol, CoCL2 6H2O, four water manganous chloride, dimension life
Plain B1, biotin, vitamin B12, vitamin B6And sea salt；
(3) seedling is put：After water stabilization in pond, 450~550 tails/m is launched2Shrimp seedling is to the pond；
(4) breeding process：Shrimp feed is fed, day feeding volume is the tails of 50~500g/ ten thousand, wherein 15~20% shrimp feeds are straight by prawn
Connect edible, nutrition of the surplus feed after water treatment facilities decomposes as Chaetoceros and salt algae；Keep Chaetoceros in pond simultaneously
Density range with salt algae is 1000~15,000,000/mL, and putting after seedling can harvest after 40~70 days.
2. the cultural method of South America prawn according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step (2), every liter of nutrition
In liquid, inoculation 200~250 × 106Cell Chaetoceros or salt algae are cultivated.
3. the cultural method of South America prawn according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step (2), described in every liter
Nutrient solution includes the raw material of following weight：3.0~3.3g Iron trichloride hexahydrates, 4.0~4.5g disodium EDTAs, 9.5
~10.0g cupric sulfate pentahydrates, the molybdic acid hydrate sodium of 6.0~6.5g bis-, 20~25g white vitriols, 9~11g CoCL2 6H2Os,
The water manganous chloride of 175~185g tetra-, 190~210mg vitamin Bs1, 190~210mg biotins, 190~210mg vitamins
B12, 190~210mg vitamin Bs6And 90~110g sea salt.
4. the cultural method of South America prawn according to claim 3, it is characterised in that every liter of nutrient solution also include with
Lower raw material：70~80g sodium nitrate, 4~6g sodium dihydrogen phosphate-waters, the water sodium metasilicate of 28~32g nine, 1.0~1.5g selenoureas acid.
5. the cultural method of South America prawn according to claim 4, it is characterised in that every liter of nutrient solution also include with
Lower raw material：9~11g ammonium chlorides, 14~16g disodium glycerophosphates.
6. the cultural method of South America prawn according to claim 4, it is characterised in that in the step (2), described in every liter
Nutrient solution includes the raw material of following weight：3.15g Iron trichloride hexahydrates, 4.36g disodium EDTAs, the water sulfuric acid of 9.8g five
Copper, the molybdic acid hydrate sodium of 6.3g bis-, 22g white vitriols, 10g CoCL2 6H2Os, the water manganous chloride of 180g tetra-, 200mg vitamins
B1, 200mg biotins, 200mg vitamin Bs12, 200mg vitamin Bs6, 75g sodium nitrate, 5g sodium dihydrogen phosphate-waters, 30g nine
Water sodium metasilicate, 1.29g selenoureas acid, 10g ammonium chlorides, 15g disodiums glycerophosphate, 100g sea salt and excess water.
7. the cultural method of South America prawn according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the pond is runway pond.
8. the cultural method of South America prawn according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the throw-in density of the shrimp seedling is
500 tails/m2。
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