CN107646466A

CN107646466A - A kind of cultural method of Myrica rubra Dongkui

Info

Publication number: CN107646466A
Application number: CN201710858196.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何宗武
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2017-09-15
Filing date: 2017-09-15
Publication date: 2018-02-02

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of cultural method of Myrica rubra Dongkui, including selection of land field planting, pruning, fertilizing management, flower and fruit management, the present invention, also without using harmful hormone and additive, allows red bayberry to grow up in the environment of green non-pollution without using toxic pesticides, this method density is reasonable simultaneously, management fertilising is reasonable, and fertilising nutrition is comprehensive, and feeder capability is strong, coordinated by each step, ensure Myrica rubra Dongkui harvesting high-quality high-yield stable yields.

Description

A kind of cultural method of Myrica rubra Dongkui

Technical field

The present invention relates to fruit tree cultivation technical field, more particularly to a kind of cultural method of Myrica rubra Dongkui.

Background technology

Myrica rubra Dongkui originates in China temperate zone, the mountain area of subtropical climate weather, resistance to lean easily cultivation, strong adaptability, South of Jiangsu Province The temperature of Hills, mountain region can plant, and integrate economic benefit, social benefit, ecological benefits, have development well Prospect.Red bayberry tree vigo(u)r is strong to be easy to cultivate, and economic life length, production cost is substantially lower than other fruit, but stalwart poplar eastern at this stage Plum planting technology falls behind, and fruit-setting rate is low, yields poorly, of poor quality, it is impossible to meets market demand.

The content of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of cultural method of Myrica rubra Dongkui, and fruit-setting rate is high, and yield is big, reaches annual steady Production.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：

A kind of cultural method of Myrica rubra Dongkui, comprises the following steps：

(1) selection of land is colonized：Height above sea level is selected less than 500 meters, the acid to cloudy ventilation, the gradient less than 45 °, pH value for 4.5-5.5 Property soil is as planting site；According to 4m-5m × 5m-7m seeding row spacing planting pit, a length of 0.6m- of planting pit are dug in planting site 0.9m, a width of 0.6m-0.9m, depth 0.8m-1.0m；It is when planting pit is dug, table soil and cubsoil is separated；Take out 1/ 3-1/2 cubsoil is mixed with base manure, and inserts the bottom of planting pit；Select the strong sprout conduct of well developed root system, no disease and pests harm Planting stock, and cut off long or splitting root system, extract 1/4-1/3 blade；The root system of planting stock is first dipped into yellow mud, then Female plant and staminiferous plant are respectively put into planting pit, make root system in order；Table soil is first put into, then cubsoil is put into planting pit, is compacted, One layer is poured after root water in covering to loosen the soil；

(2) pruning：After field planting, 35-40cm height is stayed more than the stem grafting mouth of nursery stock center, top tip is cut off and is determined It is dry；Cultivate 1 dry 3 major branch natural open centre shape tree crown, when sprouting young sprout, select and remain 3-4 growth is strong, azimuth distribution uniformly, phase Distance 20cm-30cm branch makees major branch between mutually, and 2-3 secondary major branches or side shoot are selected and remain on each major branch, crosses long shoot and wants pinching Or disconnected branch, intensive thin and delicate and excessively prosperous branch will suitably be dredged and deleted, and tree crown skeleton is basically formed in 3-4；When tree crown skeleton into After type, summer of progress cuts every year cuts with the winter, wipes out sick branch, deadwood, weak branch, dredges and delete dense branches, and retraction renewal is sagging, declines Weak fruitful branch group；

(3) fertilizing management：After being colonized 3-4 months, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is applied；After being colonized 6-7 months, intertilled, and apply With base manure；Second Year rises, and the annual 3-4 months, it is 0.2%-0.3% borax solns that 1-2 content is sprayed on blade face, per minor tick 7-10 days；From blooming to during blossom fall, on blade face and take and spray ammonium molybdate solution of the 1-2 content for 0.01%-0.02%； The annual 4-5 months, every plant of potassium sulfate for applying 1-3kg, and in foliage-spray 0.2-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1-2 times；When fruit is adopted After having plucked, if good year, then apply compoiste fertilizer after picking fruit, and by 0.2-0.3% urea, 0.2-0.3% Potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.2-0.3% boric acid mixed liquor are sprayed on blade face；If off year, then without fertilising；Annual 9-10 Month, around tree carrying out intertillage digs and weeding, and basal dressing；

(4) flower and fruit management：

A, controlling the treetops and hastening blossom：The first transaction of a day's business tree crown, tree vigo(u)r is relaxed, or soil application paclobutrazol control shoot is selected in early October to late December Promote flower, positive effect, dosage applies paclobutrazol scale 0.6-0.8g by every square metre of crown mapping area and mixes fine earth or water mixing, uniformly Ground is spread in tree disk soil；

B, flower and fruit thinning：The annual 2-3 months, the good year tree excessive to bud differentiation, uniform cutting back fruitful branch 1/5-2/ are set entirely 5；During from flower bud germination to blossom fall, 2-3 artificial flower thinning is carried out；Latter 20 days are spent to during fruit maturation from thanking, and are carried out 3-4 times Fruit thinning, disease fruit and fruitlet are removed, 2-3 fruit is left on each fruit branch；If ripe more than 20% fruit, just in day Gas sunny early morning is plucked at dusk, is adopted daily or every other day 1 time.

Preferably, the component for including following parts by weight of the compoiste fertilizer：5-10 part wormwoods extract solution, 20-50 parts Plant ash, 10-15 parts rape cake, 3-5 parts phosphate fertilizer, 3-5 parts potash fertilizer, 5-10 parts nitrogenous fertilizer and 100-150 part farmyard manures.

Preferably, the base manure includes decomposed barnyard manure 15kg, plant ash 8kg, calcium superphosphate 1kg per cave.

Beneficial effects of the present invention：The present invention is without using toxic pesticides, also without using harmful hormone and addition Agent, red bayberry is allowed to grow up in the environment of green non-pollution, while this method density is reasonable, management fertilising is reasonable, and fertilising nutrition is complete Face, feeder capability is strong, is coordinated by each step, ensures Myrica rubra Dongkui harvesting high-quality high-yield stable yields.

Embodiment

With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.

Embodiment 1

(1) selection of land is colonized：Height above sea level is selected less than 500 meters, the acid to cloudy ventilation, the gradient less than 45 °, pH value for 4.5-5.5 Property soil is as planting site；Planting pit is dug in planting site according to 4m-5m × 5m-7m seeding row spacing, a length of 0.9m of planting pit is wide For 0.9m, deep 1m；It is when planting pit is dug, table soil and cubsoil is separated；The cubsoil for taking out 1/2 is mixed with base manure Close, and insert the bottom of planting pit；Well developed root system, the strong sprout of no disease and pests harm are selected as planting stock, and cuts off long or splitting Root system, extract 1/4 blade；The root system of planting stock is first dipped into yellow mud, then female plant and staminiferous plant are respectively put into field planting In cave, root system is made in order；Table soil is first put into, then cubsoil is put into planting pit, is compacted, one layer of pine is being covered after pouring root water Soil；The base manure includes decomposed barnyard manure 15kg, plant ash 8kg, calcium superphosphate 1kg per cave；

(3) fertilizing management：After being colonized 3-4 months, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is applied；After being colonized 6-7 months, intertilled, and apply With base manure；Second Year rises, and the annual 3-4 months, it is 0.2%-0.3% borax solns that 1-2 content is sprayed on blade face, per minor tick 7-10 days；From blooming to during blossom fall, on blade face and take and spray ammonium molybdate solution of the 1-2 content for 0.01%-0.02%； The annual 4-5 months, every plant of potassium sulfate for applying 1-3kg, and in foliage-spray 0.2-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1-2 times；When fruit is adopted After having plucked, if good year, then apply compoiste fertilizer after picking fruit, and by 0.2-0.3% urea, 0.2-0.3% Potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.2-0.3% boric acid mixed liquor are sprayed on blade face；If off year, then without fertilising；Annual 9-10 Month, around tree carrying out intertillage digs and weeding, and basal dressing；The component for including following parts by weight of compoiste fertilizer：10 parts Wormwood extract solution, 50 parts of plant ash, 15 parts of rape cakes, 3 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 3 parts of potash fertilizer, 5 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer and 120 parts of farmyard manures；

(4) flower and fruit management：

Claims

1. a kind of cultural method of Myrica rubra Dongkui, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：

(1) selection of land is colonized：Height above sea level is selected less than 500 meters, the acid soil to cloudy ventilation, the gradient less than 45 °, pH value for 4.5-5.5 Earth is as planting site；According to 4m-5m × 5m-7m seeding row spacing planting site dig planting pit, a length of 0.6m-0.9m of planting pit, A width of 0.6m-0.9m, depth 0.8m-1.0m；It is when planting pit is dug, table soil and cubsoil is separated；Take out 1/3-1/2 Cubsoil mixed with base manure, and insert the bottom of planting pit；Well developed root system, the strong sprout of no disease and pests harm are selected as field planting Seedling, and cut off long or splitting root system, extract 1/4-1/3 blade；The root system of planting stock is first dipped into yellow mud, then will be female Strain and staminiferous plant are respectively put into planting pit, make root system in order；Table soil is first put into, then cubsoil is put into planting pit, is compacted, pours After root water covering one layer loosen the soil；

(2) pruning：After field planting, 35-40cm height is stayed more than the stem grafting mouth of nursery stock center, top tip is cut off and is done surely； Cultivate 1 dry 3 major branch natural open centre shape tree crown, when sprouting young sprout, select and remain 3-4 growth is strong, azimuth distribution uniformly, each other Distance 20cm-30cm branch makees major branch, and 2-3 secondary major branches or side shoot are selected and remain on each major branch, crosses long shoot and wants pinching or disconnected Branch, intensive thin and delicate and excessively prosperous branch will suitably be dredged and deleted, and tree crown skeleton is basically formed in 3-4；After tree crown skeleton forming, Summer of progress cuts every year cuts with the winter, wipes out sick branch, deadwood, weak branch, dredges and delete dense branches, retraction renewal is sagging, weak Fruitful branch group；

(3) fertilizing management：After being colonized 3-4 months, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is applied；After being colonized 6-7 months, intertilled, and impose base Fertilizer；Second Year rises, and the annual 3-4 months, it is 0.2%-0.3% borax solns that 1-2 content is sprayed on blade face, per minor tick 7-10 My god；From blooming to during blossom fall, on blade face and take and spray ammonium molybdate solution of the 1-2 content for 0.01%-0.02%；Every year The 4-5 months, every plant of potassium sulfate for applying 1-3kg, and in foliage-spray 0.2-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1-2 times；When picking fruit is complete Afterwards, if good year, then compoiste fertilizer is applied after picking fruit, and by 0.2-0.3% urea, 0.2-0.3% phosphoric acid Potassium dihydrogen and 0.2-0.3% boric acid mixed liquor are sprayed on blade face；If off year, then without fertilising；The annual 9-10 months, Intertillage is carried out around tree to dig and weeding, and basal dressing；

(4) flower and fruit management：

A, controlling the treetops and hastening blossom：The first transaction of a day's business tree crown, tree vigo(u)r is relaxed, or promoted in early October to late December from soil application paclobutrazol control shoot Flower, positive effect, dosage apply paclobutrazol scale 0.6-0.8g by every square metre of crown mapping area and mix fine earth or water mixing, equably It is spread in tree disk soil；

B, flower and fruit thinning：The annual 2-3 months, the good year tree excessive to bud differentiation, uniform cutting back fruitful branch 1/5-2/5 are set entirely；From Flower bud germination carries out 2-3 artificial flower thinning to during blossom fall；From thank spend after 20 days to during fruit maturation, carry out 3-4 time it is thin Fruit, disease fruit and fruitlet are removed, 2-3 fruit is left on each fruit branch；If ripe more than 20% fruit, just in weather Sunny early morning or dusk is plucked, and is adopted daily or every other day 1 time.

2. the cultural method of Myrica rubra Dongkui according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the compoiste fertilizer include with The component of lower parts by weight：5-10 part wormwoods extract solution, 20-50 parts plant ash, 10-15 parts rape cake, 3-5 parts phosphate fertilizer, 3-5 part potassium Fertilizer, 5-10 parts nitrogenous fertilizer and 100-150 part farmyard manures.

3. the cultural method of Myrica rubra Dongkui according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the base manure includes decomposed per cave Barnyard manure 15kg, plant ash 8kg, calcium superphosphate 1kg.