CN107646270A - A kind of method for reducing double-ridged horn nitrogen volatilization loss - Google Patents
A kind of method for reducing double-ridged horn nitrogen volatilization loss Download PDFInfo
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- CN107646270A CN107646270A CN201710847014.0A CN201710847014A CN107646270A CN 107646270 A CN107646270 A CN 107646270A CN 201710847014 A CN201710847014 A CN 201710847014A CN 107646270 A CN107646270 A CN 107646270A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of method for reducing double-ridged horn nitrogen volatilization loss, comprising Paddy fields control measure and irrigates moisture regulation measure；Wherein Paddy fields control measure refer to reducing application amount Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer, irrigate moisture regulation measure and refer to use light Dry-wet alternate irrigation pattern.Paddy fields control measure and moisture regulation measure synergy is irrigated in this method, early late rice ammonia loss by volatilization amount is reduced 51.49% 73.94%, early late rice ammonia loss by volatilization rate reduces by 15.93 20.71 percentage points.It can make increasing production of rice upgrading with this method, ensure yield to a certain extent, and can substantially reduces ammonia loss by volatilization amount, improves nitrogen utilization efficiency, environmental pollution caused by reducing haze, nitrogen dried wet deposition etc. caused by ammonia volatilization, from source prevention and control agricultural non-point source pollution.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the water and fertilizer management technical field of rice, more particularly to a kind of reduction double-ridged horn nitrogen volatilization loss
Method.
Background technology
In recent years, China's haze weather takes place frequently, and has aroused widespread concern in all circles of society.Research is found, in fine particle
(PM2.5) forming process in, gaseous ammonia (NH3) formation to haze plays key effect.On the one hand due to NH3As air
In unique alkaline gas, be air PM2.5The important as precursors of formation；Another aspect is the formation speed of fine particle in NH3Participate in
Under can substantially accelerate.It can be seen that NH is reduced from source3Discharge, PM in atmospheric environment can be reduced2.5Concentration, realize environment sky
The lifting of makings amount, improve social benefit.
Apply the NH of chemical fertilizer discharge in China3For 3.55TgNH3-N·yr-1, account for the annual NH in the whole nation3Total emission volumn
61.5%.Rice is the most important cereal crops in China, and rice yield accounts for more than the 40% of national cereal total yield.China double cropping of rice
Cultivated area accounts for 60% of Monitoring of Paddy Rice Plant Area or so, the long-term continuous cropping cropping pattern in double rice cropping system, make its multiple crop index compared with
Height, fertilizer amount is larger, and fertilizer effect progressively declines, and causes utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer only 30%-40%, and loss late is up to 40%-
60%.And ammonia volatilization is one of major way of Nitrogen of Rice loss, the nitrogen of farmland ammonia loss by volatilization can account for total amount of nitrogen
9%-40%；Northern China rice makees the 30%-39% that system semilate rice season ammonia loss by volatilization accounts for total amount of nitrogen, southern TAI HU AREA rice
Make the 5%-18% that system rice season ammonia loss by volatilization accounts for total amount of nitrogen；Other southern some areas are due to excessive applied nitrogen or apply
With ammonium hydrogen carbonate, its ammonia loss by volatilization can be more than 40%.The immanent cause for producing ammonia volatilization is that carbon ammonium, urea etc. are applied easily in rice field
After dissolubility nitrogenous fertilizer, ammonia and ammonium nitrogen content quickly raise in Soil surface water, and in Soil surface water pH value in alkalescence, cause a large amount of nitrogens with
Ammonia volatilization form is lost.It can be seen that the ammonia loss by volatilization of nitrogen is reduced in farmland, crop yield can be ensured, improves nitrogen utilization efficiency,
Effective prevention and control agricultural non-point source pollution, increases economic efficiency and ecological benefits.
At present, reducing the measure of rice field ammonia volatilization mainly includes：
(1) fertilizer practice is utilized：1. granulated fertilizer positions deep placement technology, the technology is to reducing loss of nitrogen fertilizer, improving nitrogenous fertilizer volume increase
The effect of effect has been obtained for widely proving.Urea deep placement reduces ammonia volatilization than top application under the conditions of the simulated paddy fields such as Jiang Nenghui
23.7%.2. the Integration of Water into Fertilizer, the technology is by pressure irrigation system, is combined together irrigating with fertilising, solvable
Property solid fertilizer or the solution that forms of liquid fertilizer mixture together with irrigation water, uniformly, be transported to crop root soil exactly
New agricultural technology.3. soil measurement formula fertilizer technology, the technology is imitated according to crop regulation of fertilizer requirement, fertilizer provision from soil performance and fertilizer
Should, emphasize N P and K and trace element appropriate dosage, the fertilizer practice of ratio.The popularization and application of formula fertilizer technology change blindly
The drawbacks of fertilising, single fertilising, quantified to crop, reasonably improve nutrient element.
(2) new-type fertilizer technology is utilized：1. coated fertilizer technology, the coated fertilizer used at present has coated with resin, sulphur bag
Film and organic fertilizer coating etc., they mainly by controlling Nitrogen releasing speed, make soil or Soil surface water keep relatively low ammonium state
Nitrogen level, and supply of long duration crop absorbs, so as to reduce ammonia loss and improve nitrogen utilization efficiency.But coated fertilizer technology pair
It is only obvious in the base manure phase to reduce the effect of ammonia volatilization amount, the DeGrain in later stage.2. stable fertilizer technology, the technology
It is that urease inhibitor, nitrification inhibitor are added in fertilizer, makes fertilizer that there is the characteristics of " long-acting, sustained release, energy-saving and environmental protection ", lead to
Extension fertilizer effectiveness is crossed, improves nitrogen utilization efficiency.Urea (DMPP) containing nitrification inhibitor match somebody with somebody apply high C/N than biological straw,
Hydrolysis of urea can be delayed, increase urea penetrates into the chance of deep soil with moisture movement, can suppress ammonia loss by volatilization.
(3) Surface film is used, the technology can control Soil surface water to evaporate, and reduce ammonia volatilization speed.Rice field trial
In, field urea ammonia volatilization amount can be significantly reduced using the ethanol solution of 16 alkanols or 18 alkanols, is had to suppressing ammonia loss by volatilization
Good effect.But these skins covering of the surface can not maintain for a long time, easily it is decomposed and drift, and alcohol dosage is big, and cost is too high,
Lack practical value.
(4) water management, during the thin water layer that control Irrigated paddy field is established when from applying fertilizer is changed into no water layer, fertilizer
Substantial amounts of ammonium ion is produced after hydrolysis to migrate to soil lower floor with water, reduces the ammonium ion in topsoil solution, so as to drop
Low ammonia partial pressure and ammonia volatilization.Irrigation is controlled to reduce the ammonia loss by volatilization in rice field while water saving, improve nitrogenous fertilizer
Utilization rate, be advantageous to improve atmospheric environment.Overall, water management technology is in the case where can guarantee that crop yield,
The action effect of reduction ammonia volatilization is little, and decrement is typically within 20%.
The various measures of rice field ammonia loss by volatilization are reduced by studying, reduce the risk that Nitrogen of Rice loss is brought to environment,
The sustainable development tool for promoting China's agricultural is of great significance.What more common and applicability was wide in above measure is bag
Film fertilizer technology, and water management technology, the effect of its single implementation is not notable, by reducing application amount Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer and moisture
Management combines, and so as to reduce the research of rice field ammonia loss by volatilization, is not reported so far, and is worth further research.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to overcome the shortcomings of to mention in background above technology and defect, there is provided one
Kind can ensure double cropping of rice grain yield, improve utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, and and can reduces the side that Nitrogen of Rice is lost in the form of ammonia volatilization
Method, this method can fundamentally prevention and control agricultural non-point source pollution and reduce haze risk.
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical scheme proposed by the present invention is：
A kind of method for reducing double-ridged horn nitrogen volatilization loss, comprising Paddy fields control measure and irrigate moisture regulation
Measure；
The Paddy fields control measure refer to reducing application amount Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer；
The irrigation moisture regulation measure refers to use light Dry-wet alternate irrigation pattern, including step in detail below：Rice
To the 7th day after transplanting, it is highly 20-30mm to keep Soil surface water；From the 7th day, pour water made Soil surface water highly be 20- every time
30mm, it is -15kPa to treat that it falls to do to soil water potential naturally, then fills 20-30mm water layers again, then falls dry, and circulation is until water successively
Rice is ripe；Such as rainfall, when it is -15kPa to measure soil water potential, then 20-30mm water layers are filled, then fall dry.
Above-mentioned Paddy fields control measure and irrigation moisture regulation measure synergy, make early late rice nitrogen volatilization loss amount
(loss amount to be volatilized in the form of ammonia) reduces 51.49%-73.94%, and early late rice nitrogen volatilization loss rate reduces 15.93-20.71
Percentage point.
In general, the ammonia volatilization flux peak of high moisture levels soil can shift to an earlier date in compared with low moisture content soil.Make
(Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer of other controlled-release materials of part can 3-5 days after being generally present in fertilising with the ammonia volatilization flux peak of Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer
Occur behind can be after fertilising 10 days), and still have the high ammonia volatilization flux of comparison in a period of time after peak value.The side of the present invention
Method, reducing application amount Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer is combined with light Dry-wet alternate irrigation pattern, occurred according to the ammonia volatilization peak value of Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer
Temporal regularity, from the 7th day after rice transplanting, substantially subtracted by the mode Soil surface water period of Dry-wet alternate irrigation
Few, soil water content significantly reduces, so as to be unfavorable for the generation of ammonia volatilization, hence it is evident that suppresses after fertilising ammonia volatilization flux peak first
The generation of remaining ammonia volatilization flux after value, stay in nitrogen and rice absorbing is supplied in soil.
The method of the present invention, can be with the yield and product of effective guarantee rice between soil water potential is maintained at into 0 to -15kPa
Matter；And when soil water potential is less than -15kPa, Seed-Setting Percentage in Rice, mass of 1000 kernel, yield will decline, chalk rice rate, chalkiness degree and
Abatement value can be reduced accordingly.
The method of the present invention, is advantageous to suction of the rice plant to nitrogen using the moisture regulation measure of light Dry-wet alternate irrigation
Receive and utilize, also improve the nitrogen content of blade simultaneously in lifting leaf area index, and then rice yield is increased dramatically.Gently
Alternation of wetting and drying will not provide excessive moisture in tillering stage for rice, equal in the tillering regularity of rice, the growth and tiller of rice
More conventional irrigation method is slow, and tiller number is relative reduces, but the tiller number of light alternation of wetting and drying development can develop into and have
Imitate tiller.Conventional rice irrigation method needs dry field in the tiller later stage, to control ineffective tillering, but the irrigation side of light alternation of wetting and drying
Formula does not need dry field to control ineffective tillering, operates simpler.Meanwhile moisture mild drought stress will not only reduce plant pair
Nitrogen absorbs ability, reduces nitrogen content in plant on the contrary, promotes the nitrogen in plant to be shifted into seed, is advantageous to
Improve rice yield.And rational water management (light alternation of wetting and drying) coordinates N-fertilizer management, can reduce nitrogen loss (ammonia volatilization,
Nitrogen runoff and seepage etc.), nitrogen utilization efficiency is improved, improves rice yield.
The method of above-mentioned reduction double-ridged horn nitrogen volatilization loss, it is preferred that apply the purity nitrogen in the Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer
Dosage is the 60%-100% of usual amount of nitrogen.Usual dosage refers to be applied according to the theory that the physicochemical property of the paddy soil determines
Nitrogen quantity.
By amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer control within the scope of the invention, rice yield is on the one hand advantageously ensured that, on the other hand, control
Nitrogen nutrient can slowly be discharged according to the regulation of fertilizer requirement of paddy growth by releasing nitrogenous fertilizer, basically reach it is synchronous with crop nutrition content absorption,
After reducing application amount, crop more fully absorbs the nitrogen nutrient of fertilizer release, so as to reduce residual of the nitrogen in soil and with
The loss of ammonia form volatilization；If exceed the scope of usual dosage using the pure nitrogen level of Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer, in control release urea acquisition time
The later stage Nitrogen supplying of (generally 3 months) is more sufficient, and rice is easily remaining green when it is due to become yellow and ripe late-maturing, causes yield to decline, cost increase；And remain in
Nitrogen amount in soil is relatively more, easily increases the loss of nitrogen by the approach of seepage, nitrification-denitrification etc.；If using
The pure nitrogen level of Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer, because nitrogenous fertilizer is very few, will cause yield to decline to a great extent less than the decrement range lower limit of the present invention.
The method of above-mentioned reduction double-ridged horn nitrogen volatilization loss, it is preferred that the reducing application amount Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer refers to,
Calculated by every square of hectare rice field area, purity nitrogen dosage is 90-150kg/hm in the Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer that early rice is applied2, late rice administration
Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer in purity nitrogen dosage be 108-180kg/hm2。
The method of above-mentioned reduction double-ridged horn nitrogen volatilization loss, it is preferred that the Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer includes coated with resin
At least one of urea, sulphur coating, paraffin coating, discarded object coating, its method of application are to make base manure administration entirely.
The method of above-mentioned reduction double-ridged horn nitrogen volatilization loss, it is preferred that the Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer is urinated for coated with resin
Element, it belongs to broad spectrum type, and relatively economical is economical, and effect is good.
The method of above-mentioned reduction double-ridged horn nitrogen volatilization loss, it is preferred that also include phosphate fertilizer in the Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer
And/or potash fertilizer.
The method of above-mentioned reduction double-ridged horn nitrogen volatilization loss, it is preferred that the soil water potential passes through vacuum tabular form
Soil depressimeter monitors.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of the invention is that：
(1) method of the invention, moisture and nitrogenous fertilizer the two factors are combined together, interaction, joint effect crop
Grow, the utilization rate of yield and quality forming process and plant pair nitrogenous fertilizer.Under conditions of light Dry-wet alternate irrigation, used
Reducing application amount Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer on the basis of normal amount of nitrogen, can make increasing production of rice upgrading, ensure yield, and can to a certain extent
Ammonia loss by volatilization amount is substantially reduced, improves nitrogen utilization efficiency, haze, nitrogen dried wet deposition etc. caused by ammonia volatilization is reduced and causes
Environmental pollution, from source prevention and control agricultural non-point source pollution.
(2) Irrigation irrigated moisture regulation measure and use light alternation of wetting and drying of the invention, on the one hand can be soil
More oxygen is provided, makes the ammonium nitrogen concentration of topsoil reduce；On the other hand, the vigor of rice root can also be improved, is made
It absorbs more nutrients, increases rice yield, improves plant recovery of nutrient, fundamentally reduces the loss of nutrient.
(3) method of the invention, it is combined with Paddy fields control measure and irrigation moisture regulation measure, it is this excellent
Change water and fertilizer management to reducing rice field ammonia loss by volatilization, improve the nitrogen utilization rate of fertilizer of double cropping paddy rice and the effect pole of grain yield
It is good, the control treatment of urea is applied relative to normal irrigation, using the method morning late rice nitrogen ammonia loss by volatilization amount (nitrogen of the present invention
Plain volatilization loss amount) reduce up to 75.45kg/hm2, early late rice ammonia loss by volatilization rate (nitrogen volatilization loss rate) reduces and is up to
20.71 percentage points, loss late reduces up to 72.99%；Early rice output increased is up to 7.9%, and late rice yield is up to
13.4%；Early rice utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer improves up to 13.4 percentage points, and late rice utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, which improves, is up to 14.26 percentages
Point.
Embodiment
For the ease of understanding the present invention, more comprehensively, meticulously retouched below in conjunction with preferred embodiment to inventing to do herein
State, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to specific examples below.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used hereinafter are generally understood that implication phase with those skilled in the art
Together.Technical term used herein is intended merely to describe the purpose of specific embodiment, is not intended to the limitation present invention's
Protection domain.
Unless otherwise specified, various raw material, reagent, the instrument and equipment etc. used in the present invention can pass through city
Field is commercially available or can be prepared by existing method.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of method of reduction double-ridged horn nitrogen volatilization loss of the invention, this method include Paddy fields control measure
With irrigation moisture regulation measure；It is specific to be for examination conceptual design：
Test period：Early rice is the 3-7 months in 2016, and late rice is the 7-11 months in 2016；
Test site：Liuyang City of Hunan Province Yonghe County town；
For trying the basic agrochemical property of soil：For the damp husky mud that examination soil is river drift development, based on every kilogram of soil
Calculate, the component containing following content：Organic matter 16.62gkg-1, full nitrogen 1.21gkg-1, full phosphorus 0.54gkg-1, full potassium
11.51g·kg-1, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 48.93mgkg-1, available phosphorus 21.25mgkg-1, available potassium 155.68mgkg-1, pH value is
5.61；
For trying rice varieties：Early rice is middle morning 39, and late rice is Thailand excellent 390；
For trying Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer：Resin coated urea (Kingenta Ecological Engineering Group Co., Ltd.'s production), its nitrogen contains
Measure as 42%, the controlled release phase is 3 months；
In field plot trial, plot area 20m2(4m × 5m), each minizone ridge (epiphragma on ridge) separate, examination
Test and set 6 processing, each processing repeats three times, random district's groups arrangement, and transplanting density is 20cm × 20cm, soil fertility in district's groups
Unanimously, surrounding sets protection row：
CK1：Routine control processing, it is combined using common urea fertilising and normal irrigation pattern.Common urea nitrogen content
For 46%, using dividing base manure and top dressing (base manure：Top dressing=6：4) base manure is applied when, ploughing, top dressing (tiller in the 10th day after transplanting
Fertilizer)；Calculated by every square of hectare rice field area, early rice purity nitrogen dosage is 150kg/hm in the common urea of administration2, late rice purity nitrogen
Dosage is 180kg/hm2.Normal irrigation pattern includes step in detail below：Period of seedling establishment keeps 20-30mm water layers, divides the medicine later stage to shine
Field, the stage of yellow ripeness fall dry naturally, are poured water weekly once in other times, and standard is that to fill to Soil surface water be highly 20-30mm.
CK2：It is combined using Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer fertilising and normal irrigation pattern.Base manure uses Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer, is applied when ploughing,
Calculated by every square of hectare rice field area, early rice purity nitrogen dosage is 150kg/hm in the Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer of administration2, late rice purity nitrogen dosage
For 180kg/hm2.Irrigate the same CK1 of moisture regulation measure.
CK3：It is combined using conventional fertilizer application and light alternation of wetting and drying pattern.The test parameters and condition of conventional fertilizer application mode are same
CK1.Used light Dry-wet alternate irrigation pattern, including step in detail below：To the 7th day after rice transplanting, Soil surface water is kept
Highly it is 20-30mm；From the 7th day, pour water made Soil surface water highly be 20-30mm every time, was born after it falls and done naturally with soil
Pressure meter (Nanjing Soil Inst., Chinese Academy of Sciences's production) monitors soil water potential, when to measure soil water potential be -15kPa, then fills 20-
30mm water layers, then fall dry, so circulation is until rice is ripe；Such as rainfall, when it is -15kPa to measure soil water potential, then fill
20-30mm water layers, then fall dry.
CK4：Blank control is handled, and nitrogen fertilizer application does not compare, and phosphorus potash fertilizer dosage is handled with other, is served only for nitrogenous fertilizer in the result
Expect the calculating of utilization rate.
T1：It is combined using the Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer fertilising of the present invention and the pattern of light Dry-wet alternate irrigation.Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer is complete
Make base manure, applied when ploughing, calculated by every square of hectare rice field area, early rice purity nitrogen dosage is in the Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer of administration
150kg/hm2, late rice purity nitrogen dosage is 180kg/hm2.The light Dry-wet alternate irrigation pattern used, including step in detail below：Water
To the 7th day after rice transplanting, it is highly 20-30mm to keep Soil surface water；From the 7th day, pour water made Soil surface water highly be 20- every time
30mm, with soil depressimeter (Nanjing Soil Inst., Chinese Academy of Sciences's production) monitoring soil water potential after it falls and done naturally, measure
When soil water potential is -15kPa, then 20-30mm water layers are filled, then fall dry, so circulation is until rice is ripe；It is to be measured such as rainfall
Soil water potential when being -15kPa, then fill 20-30mm water layers, then fall dry.
T2：It is combined using the Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer fertilising of the present invention and the pattern of light Dry-wet alternate irrigation.Its experimental condition and
With T1 is handled, difference is parameter, is calculated by every square of hectare rice field area, and early rice purity nitrogen dosage is in the Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer of administration
120kg/hm2, late rice purity nitrogen dosage is 144kg/hm2。
T3：It is combined using the Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer fertilising of the present invention and the pattern of light Dry-wet alternate irrigation.Its experimental condition and
With T1 is handled, difference is parameter, is calculated by every square of hectare rice field area, and early rice purity nitrogen dosage is in the Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer of administration
90kg/hm2, late rice purity nitrogen dosage is 108kg/hm2。
Phosphorus potash fertilizer dosage is identical in each processing, test each processing to ammonia loss by volatilization amount and loss late, rice grain yield,
The influence of utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, result of the test are shown in Table 1-3.
Table 1 respectively handles the influence to early late rice ammonia loss by volatilization amount and loss late
As shown in Table 1, after CK1 is handled, early late rice ammonia loss by volatilization amount is 102.04kg/hm2, account for amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer
26.10%；After CK2 is handled, early late rice ammonia loss by volatilization amount is 66.65kg/hm2, the 15.37% of amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer is accounted for, compared with
CK1 reduces ammonia loss by volatilization 34.7%；After CK3 is handled, early late rice ammonia loss by volatilization amount is 85.64kg/hm2, account for nitrogenous fertilizer and apply
The 21.18% of dosage, ammonia loss by volatilization 16.07% is reduced compared with CK1；The ammonia loss by volatilization after the method optimization processing of the present invention
Amount, loss late significantly reduce, wherein after T1, T2 and T3 optimization processing, early late rice nitrogen ammonia loss by volatilization amount is respectively
49.50kg/hm2、44.54kg/hm2And 26.59kg/hm2, 10.17%, 7.05% and the 5.39% of amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer is accounted for respectively,
Pole is substantially less than control treatment.Compared with the control treatment CK1 that normal irrigation applies urea, early late rice ammonia is waved in the present embodiment
Send out loss amount to reduce up to 51.49%-73.94%, early late rice ammonia loss by volatilization rate reduces reachable 15.93-20.71 percentage
Point；Wherein T2 can reduce ammonia loss by volatilization amount 67.50kg/hm2, loss amount reduction 66.15%, loss late reduces by 19.05 hundred
Branch, loss late reduce 72.99%.
Table 2 respectively handles the influence (kg/hm to rice grain yield2)
As shown in Table 2, after CK1 is handled, early rice grain yield is 5839.0kg/hm2, late rice grain yield is
6614.2kg/hm2.Using Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer without changing water management pattern after, early, late rice yield increases, CK2 early rice
Yield is 5998.5kg/hm2, late rice yield 7144.2kg/hm2.Light Dry-wet alternate irrigation pattern without changing Nitrogen application,
Early, late rice yield also increases, and CK3 early rice yield is 6002.9kg/hm2, late rice yield 7191.0kg/hm2.With
CK1, CK2 and CK3 are compared, and the yield of optimization processing T1, T2 is obviously improved, and wherein early rice yield is respectively 6301.5kg/hm2、
6113.5kg/hm2, late rice yield is respectively 7498.3kg/hm2、7298.6kg/hm2.Optimization processing T3 due to nitrogen fertilizer amount too
Few, early late rice yield substantially reduces, and late rice yield reduces and reaches the pole level of signifiance.With normal irrigation place is compareed using urea
Reason CK1 is compared, and early rice output increased is up to 7.9% in the present embodiment, and late rice yield improves up to 13.4%.
Table 3 respectively handles the influence (%) to nitrogen fertilizer for paddy rice utilization rate
As shown in Table 3, after CK1 is handled, early rice utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is 28.34%, and late rice utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is
25.06%, substantially less than optimization processing T1, T2 and T3.Wherein optimization processing T2 early rice utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is up to
41.74%, late rice utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is up to 39.32%, and more conventional fertilizer irrigation processing CK1 utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is respectively increased
13.4 and 14.26 percentage points, the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer for more only applying Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer processing CK2 is respectively increased 11.76 and 8.68
Percentage point, 9.64 and 9.81 percentage points relatively are respectively increased using light Dry-wet alternate irrigation mode treatment CK3 utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer,
There is obvious effect in terms of to improving nitrogen fertilizer for paddy rice utilization rate.
It can be drawn from above result of the test, the method for reduction double-ridged horn nitrogen volatilization loss of the invention can be obvious
Utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is improved, the ammonia loss by volatilization of Nitrogen of Rice is effectively reduced, increasing production of rice can also be made to a certain extent.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. method for reducing double-ridged horn nitrogen volatilization loss, it is characterised in that include Paddy fields control measure and filling Irrigate moisture regulation measure；The Paddy fields control measure refer to reducing application amount Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer；The irrigation moisture regulation measure refers to use light Dry-wet alternate irrigation pattern, including step in detail below：Rice transplanting Afterwards to the 7th day, it is highly 20-30mm to keep Soil surface water；From the 7th day, pour water made Soil surface water be highly 20-30mm every time, treats It is -15kPa that it falls to do to soil water potential naturally, then fills 20-30mm water layers again, then falls dry, and circulation is until rice is ripe successively； Such as rainfall, when it is -15kPa to measure soil water potential, then 20-30mm water layers are filled, then fall dry.
- 2. the method according to claim 1 for reducing double-ridged horn nitrogen volatilization loss, it is characterised in that apply the control Release the 60%-100% that the purity nitrogen dosage in nitrogenous fertilizer is usual amount of nitrogen.
- 3. the method according to claim 1 or 2 for reducing double-ridged horn nitrogen volatilization loss, it is characterised in that described to subtract Amount refers to using Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer, is calculated by every square of hectare rice field area, and purity nitrogen dosage is 90- in the Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer that early rice is applied 150kg/hm2, late rice apply Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer in purity nitrogen dosage be 108-180kg/hm2。
- 4. the method according to claim 1 or 2 for reducing double-ridged horn nitrogen volatilization loss, it is characterised in that the control Releasing nitrogenous fertilizer includes at least one of resin coated urea, sulphur coating, paraffin coating, discarded object coating, and its method of application is complete Make base manure administration.
- 5. the method according to claim 4 for reducing double-ridged horn nitrogen volatilization loss, it is characterised in that the Controlled-release nitrogen Fertilizer is resin coated urea.
- 6. the method according to claim 4 for reducing double-ridged horn nitrogen volatilization loss, it is characterised in that the Controlled-release nitrogen Also include phosphate fertilizer and/or potash fertilizer in fertilizer.
- 7. the method according to claim 1 or 2 for reducing double-ridged horn nitrogen volatilization loss, it is characterised in that the soil The earth flow of water is monitored by vacuum tabular form soil depressimeter.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109511496A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-03-26 | 沈阳农业大学 | A method of the reduction Nitrogen of Rice leaching loss based on clinoptilolite |
| CN109566033A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-04-05 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of simple ammonia volatilization cutting method for coping with different times paddy environment feature |
| CN109997636A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-07-12 | 云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 | A kind of nitrogen fertilizer for paddy rice decrement moves back cultural method |
| CN110915582A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-03-27 | 辽宁省农业科学院 | Method for reducing nitrogen and phosphorus loss in northeast single-cropping rice region |
| CN111505240A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-08-07 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所 | Resistance control system and method for slowing down farmland nitrogen loss |
| CN111771498A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-10-16 | 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 | Machine-transplanting side deep fertilization method for double cropping rice |
| CN111837555A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-10-30 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | Method for reducing nitrogen fertilizer dosage and ammonia volatilization loss of farmland |
| CN115589821A (en) * | 2022-09-18 | 2023-01-13 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所（Cn） | Device and method for researching contribution of water surface volatile nitrogen absorbed by rice canopy to utilization rate of additional fertilizer nitrogen fertilizer |
| CN116082096A (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2023-05-09 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | Preparation and application methods of rice straw carbon-based fertilizer capable of reducing nitrogen loss of rice field |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109511496A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-03-26 | 沈阳农业大学 | A method of the reduction Nitrogen of Rice leaching loss based on clinoptilolite |
| CN109566033A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-04-05 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of simple ammonia volatilization cutting method for coping with different times paddy environment feature |
| CN109997636A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-07-12 | 云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 | A kind of nitrogen fertilizer for paddy rice decrement moves back cultural method |
| CN110915582A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-03-27 | 辽宁省农业科学院 | Method for reducing nitrogen and phosphorus loss in northeast single-cropping rice region |
| CN111505240A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-08-07 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所 | Resistance control system and method for slowing down farmland nitrogen loss |
| CN111771498A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-10-16 | 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 | Machine-transplanting side deep fertilization method for double cropping rice |
| CN111771498B (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2022-03-08 | 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 | Machine-transplanting side deep fertilization method for double cropping rice |
| CN111837555A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-10-30 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | Method for reducing nitrogen fertilizer dosage and ammonia volatilization loss of farmland |
| CN111837555B (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2022-08-02 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | Method for reducing nitrogen fertilizer dosage and ammonia volatilization loss of farmland |
| CN115589821A (en) * | 2022-09-18 | 2023-01-13 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所（Cn） | Device and method for researching contribution of water surface volatile nitrogen absorbed by rice canopy to utilization rate of additional fertilizer nitrogen fertilizer |
| CN116082096A (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2023-05-09 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | Preparation and application methods of rice straw carbon-based fertilizer capable of reducing nitrogen loss of rice field |
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