CN102972113B - Acid reduction and humidity regulation method for red upland soilred-soil dryland - Google Patents
Acid reduction and humidity regulation method for red upland soilred-soil dryland Download PDFInfo
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- CN102972113B CN102972113B CN201210518904.4A CN201210518904A CN102972113B CN 102972113 B CN102972113 B CN 102972113B CN 201210518904 A CN201210518904 A CN 201210518904A CN 102972113 B CN102972113 B CN 102972113B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an acid reduction and humidity regulation method for the red upland soilred-soil dryland. The red upland soilred-soil dryland is covered by straws. The acid reduction and humidity regulation method for the red upland soilred-soil dryland is characterized in that alkaline acid reduction and humidity regulation composite modifying agent is applied to the red upland soilred-soil dryland before the red upland soilred-soil dryland is covered by straws; the alkaline acid reduction and humidity regulation composite modifying agent is one of calcium peroxide and magnesium peroxide; and 5.8-8.0kg of alkaline acid reduction and humidity regulation composite modifying agent is applied to each unit of area. According to the acid reduction and humidity regulation method for the red upland soilred-soil dryland, the alkaline acid reduction and humidity regulation composite modifying agent reacts with water in soil so as to provide OH<->, neutralize parts of H<+>, generate alkaline inorganic matter and oxygen and release heat; in the slow oxygen releasing process, the soil acidity is lowered, the soil redox potential is changed, the water and air ratio of the soil is regulated, the acid reduction and humidity regulation effects isare simultaneously generated to the red upland soilred-soil dryland, and the acidity, the temperature and the moisture of the red upland soilred-soil dryland covered by the spring straw can be obviously improved so as to accelerate agricultural synergy and farmer income increment; and in addition, calcium or magnesium nutrition can be provided for the crop growth and development, thereby being favorable for improving the resource use ratio.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Upland Red Soil improvement, particularly relate to a kind of deacidification moisture control method of Upland Red Soil.
Background technology
By the impact of allitization pedogenesis, there are acid, glutinous, plate, thin four large obstruction factors in Upland Red Soil, seriously constrains the development of productivity of land.Rice straw mulching is also improve soil physical property, effectively increases soil organic matter content, stores one of natural precipitation, minimizing natural evaporation, the important measures promoting Cultivated-land Fertility more.But, by the impact of monsoon climate, cause after the rice straw mulching in spring of Red Soils In A Hill Region nonirrigated farmland soil temperature go up slow, soil moisture is large, in addition the obstruction factor of red soil itself, cause spring sown crop to be short of seedling, rotten seedling, seedling gesture weak, disconnected ridge phenomenon is serious, causes crop failure more than 10%, constrains the performance of Upland Red Soil rice straw mulching ecological functions.Existing Upland Red Soil soil deacidification mainly uses quicklime CaO and white lime Ca (OH)
2, because quicklime and white lime are all alkali compoundss, be manured into soil, the acidity of energy part sweetening of the soil, thus increase soil pH value; Soil moisture control method comprises takes engineering measure and intertillage to loosen the soil, and wherein engineering measure comprises drip irrigation and spray irrigation and furrow irrigation.The acid of above soil, humidity regulation method all can only single deacidification or single damping, can not deacidification damping simultaneously, and exist time-consuming, take a lot of work, problem that cost is higher.In addition, at the planting type that Upland Red Soil ground mulching thickness is the straw of 2cm ~ 3cm, there is soil temperature ratio in spring not low 1.5 DEG C ~ 2.0 DEG C, the humidity high (soil moisture content is more than 30%) of mulching straw cultivation, and the problem such as acidity high (pH value is 4.5 ~ 4.9), serious restriction rice straw mulching planting type is at Upland Red Soil spread.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is the defect making up above-mentioned prior art, provides a kind of deacidification moisture control method of Upland Red Soil.
Technical problem of the present invention is solved by the following technical programs.
The deacidification moisture control method of this Upland Red Soil, adopts rice straw mulching Upland Red Soil.
The feature of the deacidification moisture control method of this Upland Red Soil is:
Rice straw mulching forward direction Upland Red Soil is adopted to spread fertilizer over the fields alkaline deacidification damping composite modifying agent at Upland Red Soil, described alkaline deacidification damping composite modifying agent is the one in calper calcium peroxide and peromag, and every mu of amount of application of described alkaline deacidification damping composite modifying agent is that (1 mu approximates 667m to 5.8kg ~ 8.0kg
2), in described alkaline deacidification damping composite modifying agent and soil, water reacts, and provides OH
-, neutralization part H
+generate alkali inorganic substance and oxygen, and release heat, and oxygen discharges process slowly, and then reduce the acidity of soil, change soil redox potential, regulate the aqueous vapor ratio of soil, produce deacidification and damping effect to Upland Red Soil, soil acidity moderate (pH value is 5.3 ~ 7.7), humidity is moderate (soil moisture content is 24% ~ 28%) also simultaneously.Every mu of amount of application is less than 5.8kg, and deacidification damping effectiveness comparison is poor; Every mu of amount of application is more than 8kg, and soil is in alkalescence (pH value is higher than 8.0), and humidity too low (soil moisture content is lower than 21%), can have a strong impact on crop normal growth and grow.
Technical problem of the present invention is solved by following further technical scheme.
Preferably, described alkaline deacidification damping composite modifying agent is calper calcium peroxide, the name of commodity in English of calper calcium peroxide: Calcium peroxide, another name: calcium dioxide, molecular formula: CaO
2, molecular weight: 72.08, outward appearance and proterties: white crystals, odorless, tasteless, has hygroscopy, is slightly soluble in water.In calper calcium peroxide and soil, water reacts, and chemical equation is: 2CaO
2+ 2H
2o=2Ca (OH)
2+ O
2↑, reaction generates slaked lime and oxygen, and release heat, and oxygen discharges process slowly, and then reduce the acidity of soil, change soil redox potential, regulate the aqueous vapor ratio of soil, deacidification and damping effect are produced simultaneously to Upland Red Soil, and calper calcium peroxide can provide the nutrition of calcium element for growing of crop again.
Further preferably, described calper calcium peroxide is that purity is at least 75%, active o content is the calper calcium peroxide of 7% ~ 11%.
Describedly spread fertilizer over the fields alkaline deacidification damping composite modifying agent, it is row replacement alkalescence deacidification damping composite modifying agent, described row replacement is that crop after planting opens between crop row that a width is 10cm ~ 15cm, the degree of depth is the ditch of 8cm ~ 10cm, described alkaline deacidification damping composite modifying agent is spread fertilizer over the fields earthing after in ditch.Row replacement alkalescence deacidification damping composite modifying agent, availability is high, and deacidification damping is effective.
Describedly spread fertilizer over the fields alkaline deacidification damping composite modifying agent, it is the mixture that alkaline deacidification damping composite modifying agent and phosphate fertilizer are spread fertilizer over the fields in mixing, it is after crop sowing earthing evenly spread fertilizer over the fields the mixture of described alkaline deacidification damping composite modifying agent and phosphate fertilizer at ground surface that described mixing is spread fertilizer over the fields, do not concentrate the root executed crop, directly do not contact with the seed of crop.The mixture of alkaline deacidification damping composite modifying agent and phosphate fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields in mixing, can avoid being used alone alkaline deacidification damping composite modifying agent to occur because it is lightweight spreading fertilizer over the fields the uneven problem with partly flying away loss, otherwise, every mu of amount of application of alkalescence deacidification damping composite modifying agent needs increase by 10% ~ 12%, compared with row replacement alkalescence deacidification damping composite modifying agent, ensureing to save time under the prerequisite that deacidification damping effect is close, saving of labor.
Described phosphate fertilizer is alkalescent phosphate fertilizer, and faintly acid phosphate fertilizer, as superphosphate, can affect the application effect of described alkaline deacidification damping composite modifying agent.
Preferably, described alkalescent phosphate fertilizer to be phosphorus content be 8% ~ 14% fused calcium magnesium phosphate.
Further preferably, described fused calcium magnesium phosphate to be phosphorus content be 11% fused calcium magnesium phosphate.
The mixture of alkaline deacidification damping composite modifying agent and phosphate fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields in described mixing, be the mixture that mixing spreads fertilizer over the fields that calper calcium peroxide and phosphorus content are the fused calcium magnesium phosphate of 11%, calper calcium peroxide and phosphorus content are the mixed proportion of the fused calcium magnesium phosphate of 11% is (0.23 ~ 0.32): 1.
Technical problem of the present invention is solved by following further technical scheme.
The crop of described Upland Red Soil plantation, comprise Spring Peanut, spring soybean, the spring Ipomoea batatas and spring corn.
Preferably, described crop is Spring Peanut and spring soybean.
Described employing rice straw mulching Upland Red Soil is every mu of mulching straw 280kg ~ 320kg.
The straw of described covering is water content lower than 10% air-dry straw.
The present invention's beneficial effect is compared with prior art:
Water in alkaline deacidification damping composite modifying agent calper calcium peroxide or peromag and soil reacts by the inventive method, provides OH
-, neutralization part H
+generate alkali inorganic substance and oxygen, and release heat, and oxygen discharges process slowly, and then reduce the acidity of soil, change soil redox potential, regulate the aqueous vapor ratio of soil, deacidification and damping effect are produced to Upland Red Soil simultaneously, obviously can improve acidity, the temperature and humidity of rice straw mulching Upland Red Soil soil in spring, promote growth of agricultural efficiency and increasing peasant income.Compared with still not spreading fertilizer over the fields alkaline deacidification damping composite modifying agent with mulching straw, the output of Spring Peanut, spring soybean increases by 13.3% ~ 21.5%, crops seedling stage soil pH value improves 0.3 ~ 1, soil redox potential (Eh) improves 18.8mV ~ 50.1mV, and crop germination vigor improves 8.7% ~ 16.8%.In addition, calcium element or Mg nutrient can also be provided for growing of crop, be conducive to improving resource utilization.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be described.
Embodiment one
Plant a deacidification moisture control method for the Upland Red Soil of Spring Peanut, adopt straw 300kg/ mu to cover Upland Red Soil.
After Spring Peanut sowing earthing, calper calcium peroxide is spread fertilizer over the fields at ground surface, directly do not contact with crop seed, then adopt rice straw mulching Upland Red Soil.
Calper calcium peroxide is that purity is at least 75%, active o content is the calper calcium peroxide of 7% ~ 11%, and every mu of consumption is 6.0kg ~ 7.0kg.
Application effect: Spring Peanut output increases by 15.8% ~ 21.5%, seedling stage, soil pH value improved 0.4 ~ 0.7, and soil redox potential (Eh) improves 22.3mV ~ 48.2mV, and Spring Peanut germination vigor improves 8.7% ~ 14.8%.
Embodiment two
Plant a Upland Red Soil deacidification moisture control method for spring soybean, substantially with embodiment one, difference is:
Calper calcium peroxide every mu consumption is 6.0kg ~ 7.0kg.
Application effect: Yield of Spring Soybean increases by 15.3% ~ 20.8%, seedling stage, soil pH value improved 0.6 ~ 0.8, and soil redox potential (Eh) improves 19.1mV ~ 46.7mV, and spring soybean germination vigor improves 10.4% ~ 16.8%.
Embodiment three
Plant a deacidification moisture control method for the Upland Red Soil of Spring Peanut, adopt straw 300kg/ mu to cover Upland Red Soil.
The mixture being the fused calcium magnesium phosphate of 11% by calper calcium peroxide and phosphorus content after Spring Peanut sowing earthing evenly spreads fertilizer over the fields at ground surface, does not concentrate the root executed crop, then adopts rice straw mulching Upland Red Soil.
Calper calcium peroxide and phosphorus content are the mixed proportion of the fused calcium magnesium phosphate of 11% is 0.32: 1.
Calper calcium peroxide is that purity is at least 75%, active o content is the calper calcium peroxide of 7% ~ 11%, and every mu of consumption is 7.2kg ~ 8.5kg.
Application effect: Spring Peanut output increases by 15.3% ~ 19.5%, seedling stage, soil pH value improved 0.5 ~ 0.8, and soil redox potential (Eh) improves 20mV ~ 48.2mV, and Spring Peanut germination vigor improves 9.0% ~ 16.8%.
Embodiment four
Plant a deacidification moisture control method for the Upland Red Soil of spring soybean, substantially with embodiment three, difference is:
Calper calcium peroxide every mu consumption is 5.8kg ~ 8.0kg.
Application effect: Yield of Spring Soybean increases by 13.3% ~ 20.4%, seedling stage, soil pH value improved 0.6 ~ 1, and soil redox potential (Eh) improves 18.8mV ~ 50.1mV, and spring soybean germination vigor improves 10.4% ~ 14.8%.
Above content is in conjunction with concrete preferred embodiment further description made for the present invention, can not assert that specific embodiment of the invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention; make some equivalent alternative or obvious modification without departing from the inventive concept of the premise; and performance or purposes identical, all should be considered as belonging to the scope of patent protection that the present invention is determined by submitted to claims.
Claims (10)
1. a deacidification moisture control method for Upland Red Soil, adopts rice straw mulching Upland Red Soil, it is characterized in that:
Rice straw mulching forward direction Upland Red Soil is adopted to spread fertilizer over the fields alkaline deacidification damping composite modifying agent at Upland Red Soil, described alkaline deacidification damping composite modifying agent is the one in calper calcium peroxide and peromag, every mu of amount of application of described alkaline deacidification damping composite modifying agent is 5.8kg ~ 8.0kg, in described alkaline deacidification damping composite modifying agent and soil, water reacts, there is provided OH-, neutralization part H
+, generate alkali inorganic substance and oxygen, and release heat, and oxygen discharges process slowly, and then reduce the acidity of soil, and change soil redox potential, regulate the aqueous vapor ratio of soil, deacidification and damping effect are produced to Upland Red Soil simultaneously.
2. the deacidification moisture control method of Upland Red Soil as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described alkaline deacidification damping composite modifying agent is calper calcium peroxide.
3. the deacidification moisture control method of Upland Red Soil as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that:
Described calper calcium peroxide is that purity is at least 75%, active o content is the calper calcium peroxide of 7% ~ 11%.
4. the deacidification moisture control method of Upland Red Soil as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that:
Describedly spread fertilizer over the fields alkaline deacidification damping composite modifying agent, it is row replacement alkalescence deacidification damping composite modifying agent, described row replacement is that crop after planting opens between crop row that a width is 10cm ~ 15cm, the degree of depth is the ditch of 8cm ~ 10cm, described alkaline deacidification damping composite modifying agent is spread fertilizer over the fields earthing after in ditch; Or
Describedly spread fertilizer over the fields alkaline deacidification damping composite modifying agent, it is the mixture that alkaline deacidification damping composite modifying agent and phosphate fertilizer are spread fertilizer over the fields in mixing, it is after crop sowing earthing evenly spread fertilizer over the fields the mixture of described alkaline deacidification damping composite modifying agent and phosphate fertilizer at ground surface that described mixing is spread fertilizer over the fields, do not concentrate the root executed crop, directly do not contact with the seed of crop.
5. the deacidification moisture control method of Upland Red Soil as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that:
Described phosphate fertilizer is alkalescent phosphate fertilizer.
6. the deacidification moisture control method of Upland Red Soil as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that:
Described alkalescent phosphate fertilizer to be phosphorus content be 8% ~ 14% fused calcium magnesium phosphate.
7. the deacidification moisture control method of Upland Red Soil as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that:
Described fused calcium magnesium phosphate to be phosphorus content be 11% fused calcium magnesium phosphate.
8. the deacidification moisture control method of Upland Red Soil as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that:
The mixture of alkaline deacidification damping composite modifying agent and phosphate fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields in described mixing, be the mixture that mixing spreads fertilizer over the fields that calper calcium peroxide and phosphorus content are the fused calcium magnesium phosphate of 11%, calper calcium peroxide and phosphorus content are the mixed proportion of the fused calcium magnesium phosphate of 11% is (0.23 ~ 0.32): 1.
9. the deacidification moisture control method of Upland Red Soil as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that:
The crop of described Upland Red Soil plantation, comprise Spring Peanut, spring soybean, the spring Ipomoea batatas and spring corn.
10. the deacidification moisture control method of Upland Red Soil as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that:
Described employing rice straw mulching Upland Red Soil is every mu of mulching straw 280kg ~ 320kg;
The straw of described covering is water content lower than 10% air-dry straw.
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| CN102972113B true CN102972113B (en) | 2015-02-04 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103202125A (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-07-17 | 广东中烟工业有限责任公司 | Soil improvement method |
| CN104232098A (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2014-12-24 | 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 | Method for improving quality of flue-cured tobacco in red soil |
| CN104429462B (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2016-04-13 | 湖南新宇农业科技有限公司 | A kind of method at alkalescence soil plantation corn crop |
| CN104641757B (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2016-10-19 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | The red soil orderly improvement method of shallow root system crop growing spots |
| CN108147921A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-12 | 中国农业科学院衡阳红壤实验站 | A kind of deacidification promotes the red soil conditioner and its method of administration of plant growth |
| CN109168851A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2019-01-11 | 望谟县四海桐油福利加工厂 | A kind of method for transplanting preventing tung oil tree root rot |
| CN110337853A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-10-18 | 江西省红壤研究所 | A kind of Upland Red Soil control nitrogen fertilizing deacidification oxygenation method |
| CN115845794A (en) * | 2022-11-25 | 2023-03-28 | 佛山市南海区苏科大环境研究院 | Calcium peroxide composite material, preparation method and application thereof |
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