CN101306428A - Method for improving acid soil using ground mass - Google Patents
Method for improving acid soil using ground mass Download PDFInfo
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- CN101306428A CN101306428A CNA2008100586031A CN200810058603A CN101306428A CN 101306428 A CN101306428 A CN 101306428A CN A2008100586031 A CNA2008100586031 A CN A2008100586031A CN 200810058603 A CN200810058603 A CN 200810058603A CN 101306428 A CN101306428 A CN 101306428A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving the acid soil condition by using a matrix and belongs to the technology field of the soil improvement. The method is composed of seven steps including matrix preparation, pH value measurement, matrix amount confirmation, matrix applying time, soil humidity control, matrix applying operation and pre-plant soil preparation. The matrix is made from imperatoria and prepared by adopting the technological processes of drying, chopping, fermenting by using the Dadiwang viable bacteria stock solution, etc., wherein the imperatoria is suitable for being planted in the tropical area, and has rapid growth, high yield and sustainability, and the required matrix total amount of the soil improvement can be figured out by confirming the required matrix amount of neutralizing 1m<2> of the acid soil. The matrix is quantificationally mixed with the acid soil for more than two times. The method can effectively change the pH value and the physical behavior of the soil and can increase the soil fertility; the pH value of the soil can be directly increased from 4-6 to 6-8, so that the acidity and basicity of the soil is suitable for the plant growth; the soil bulk density is reduced by 10%, the soil porosity is increased by more than 15%, and the water holding capacity of the soil is increased by more than 20%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the soil improvement technical field, be specifically related to the method for a kind of improving acid soil using ground mass and physical property thereof, increase soil fertility.
Background technology
Along with vehicle exhaust, the discharging of industrial sulfur dioxide causes atmosphere pollution, and the acid rain of formation causes soil compaction, and acidity is bigger, is difficult to be fit to the plant growth, even makes plant death.And soil acidity or alkalinity is to the influence of nutrient availability, mainly show following some:
1, in normal range (NR), plant is because soil pH value influences the concentration of various ions in the soil liquid to the reason of soil ph sensitivity, influences the validity of various elements to plant;
2, soil ph is to the influence of nutrient validity:
(1) nitrogen validity when pH6-8 is higher, be since in pH value less than 6 o'clock, the movable reduction of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and greater than 8 o'clock, nitrification was suppressed;
(2) phosphorus validity when pH6.5-7.5 is higher since in pH value less than 6.5 o'clock, easily form ferric phosphate, aluminum phosphate, validity reduction, the pH value is being higher than at 7.5 o'clock, then easily forms calcium dihydrogen phosphate, inorganic phosphorus fixation;
(3) eluviation of acid ground is strong, and potassium, calcium, magnesium run off easily, causes these elements to lack.Be higher than at 8.5 o'clock at pH, the soil sodium ion increases, and calcium, magnesium ion are substituted the formation carbonate deposition, so the validity of calcium, magnesium is best when pH6-8;
(4) iron, manganese, copper, zinc, five kinds of trace elements of cobalt in acid ground because of solvable validity height; Molybdate is insoluble to acid and is dissolved in alkali, easily lacks in acid ground; Borate validity when pH5-7.5 is better.
For improving acid ground, generally adopt lime reach in and active acid, the property acid of diving, the structure of improving the soil.The shell-lime of calcic is also used in the coastal area, also available purple shale powder, flyash, plant ash etc.There is certain shortcoming in these modifying agents, or cost is big, are non-renewable resources, or can change the acidity of soil but also can increase simultaneously bad phenomenon such as soil compaction.And the present invention utilizes a kind of suitable torrid areas ramp, the output height, the imperatoria of sustainable use (pennisetum * P.americanum cv.No.4), through pulverizing the matrix that technological processes such as fermentation develop, mix in right amount with acid ground, can effectively change Acidity of Aikalinity and the soil physical property and the increase soil fertility of soil, to reach the suitable plant of the soil preferable demand of growing.
Imperatoria stem and leaf fiber content height, quality is hard, and the grass meal of fermentation process detects through Acidity of Aikalinity, draws the pH value between 8-11, and its alkalescence is stronger.As renewable matrix, can not directly utilize, need to be neutralized to neutrality and just can be fit to the plant growth with acidic materials.Simultaneously, handle the matrix that forms through technological process, after acid ground mixes, can change the physical behavior of soil, increase soil fertility with grass meal.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of utilization and is fit to the torrid areas ramp, the output height, the imperatoria of sustainable use (pennisetum * P.americanum cv.No.4), through pulverizing the matrix that technological processes such as fermentation develop, mix in right amount with acid ground, can effectively change the Acidity of Aikalinity of soil and soil physical property internal structure thereof and increase soil fertility, to reach the grow method of preferable demand of the suitable plant of soil.
The present invention has overcome the shell-lime of lime, calcic in the prior art, in purple shale powder, flyash, the plant ash etc. and active acid, the property acid of diving, the structure of improving the soil, but have that processing is not laborsaving, cost is big, resource is non-renewable, in the acidity that changes soil, also can increase adverse consequences such as soil compaction and other physical behavior of soil can not get defectives such as improvement.Can produce following beneficial effect with the inventive method:
1, adopts the matrix of the imperatoria production of the inventive method utilization to carry out acid soil improvement, can directly bring up to 6-8 to pH in soil from the scope of 4-6, make the demand of the suitable plant growth of Acidity of Aikalinity of soil.
2, adopt the inventive method can also improve the physical behavior of soil, the unit weight of soil reduces by 10%, and porosity improves more than 15%, and water capacity increases more than 20%.
3, the inventive method raw material imperatoria is a biomaterial, sustainable use, is easy to obtain, and is free from environmental pollution.
4, the cost of raw material imperatoria is low, processing is simple and easy and laborsaving.
5, the inventive method easy operating, practical.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The inventive method by matrix make, pH value is measured, the determining of substrates quantity, matrix applies the time, soil moisture control, matrix apply operation, seven steps of the preceding soil preparation of plantation are formed, carry out according to the following steps:
1, matrix is made
Extract imperatoria and dry, the imperatoria of drying is ground into grass meal, in grass meal, be added in the prosperous viable bacteria stoste of the earth of market purchase and nitrogenous 46% urea with powder grass machine; In grass meal: the prosperous viable bacteria stoste of the earth: urea is after 200: 1: 1 ratio is evenly mixed, mixing clear water mixes thoroughly, hand has been pinched wet sense and has been got final product, pile truncated cone-shaped, high 40--50cm obturages with the woven bag covering after the compacting, after the spontaneous fermentation 15 days, mix again and turn over once, fermented 10 ± 1 days, it is fully fermented.The loose flat beach of grass meal of fully fermentation is being matrix behind the airing on the ground in cool place, and its pH value is 10.
The prosperous viable bacteria stoste of the earth is the bacterial classification of being produced by connection city, Nanchang Industrial Co., Ltd., its trade name: the prosperous viable bacteria stoste of the earth, main component can be bought on market by multiple beneficial soil floras such as saccharomycete, light compositing bacterium, the radioactive ray bacterium prosperous viable bacteria stoste of the earth synthetic with trace element.
2, the pH value is measured
Measure to need the pH value and the 1st of the acid ground of improvement to go on foot the pH value of the matrix of acquisition with the pH test paper.
3, substrates quantity determines
When substrates quantity is determined, 1m in the acid ground area that random sampling need improve
2Get 20 centimetres of dark soil samples of arable layer, with matrix on a small quantity repeatedly to this 1m
2Soil sample neutralizes, when the soil ph value is 7, in determining and 1m
2The consumption m of the matrix that needs of acid ground area, thereby calculate the aggregate demand M of required improvement soil to matrix, M=m * S then, wherein M is the total amount of the required matrix of soil that needs improvement, m be in and random sampling 1m
2The consumption of the required matrix of acid ground area, S is the gross area of the acid ground that needs improvement, the unit of S is m
2, M and m unit be kg;
4, matrix applies the time
When should be avoided in heavy showers, matrix and acid ground incorporation time implement, in order to avoid by unnecessary rain drop erosion or immersion and reduce neutralization.Time-division morning and evening that the paddy field preferably is chosen in winter-spring season applies, and soil conservation mixes when moistening; And the nonirrigated farmland is chosen in after the rainfall, does not apply when having obvious heavy showers.
5, soil moisture control
When applying matrix, soil moisture is controlled at about 50%-70%, makes it fully play neutralization.Covering with plastic film or hay keep mixing back soil moisture in case of necessity.After matrix was manured into soil 5-8 days, topsoil was air-dry, should in time keep the skin wet, and kept certain soil moisture.
6, matrix applies operation
Matrix applies to divide by institute's expense and is sprinkling upon the acid ground surface more than 2 times one by one, turns over the arable layer of plough upper soll layer to the 15-20cm soil depth then, and the mixed soil of raking makes it abundant fusion, and neutralization reaction is timely.The 1st sowing amount is 85% of institute's expense, and whole consumptions (100%) applied when sowing amount was sure not by calculating, in order to avoid cause the too high and apparent alkaline soil of mixing back soil pH value to cause irreversible.After one week, measure the pH value of its mixed soil earlier, if its soil pH value less than 6, then applies matrix remaining 10% the 2nd time; Also do not reach expected results as soil pH value, repeat aforementioned operation after same 7 days, but the matrix use amount should make soil pH=7 ± 0.5 gradually than preceding once minimizing.
7, soil preparation before the plantation is planted and turned over plough soil before one month more once, and is standby during as plantation, can effectively improve the harm of soil physics structure and minimizing disease and pest simultaneously.
The specific embodiment
Below further specify the present invention by concrete enforcement, but embodiment only be used for the explanation, can not limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Implement the place: protection demonstration area, paddy field, Yunnan Province's Yuanmou County agriculture arable land of country (position: Yuanmou County chemical engineering sewage floss hole), 100 mu of soil areas, this area belongs to the xeothermic weather short of rain in torrid areas.Concrete steps are as follows:
1, matrix is made
Extract imperatoria and dry, the imperatoria of drying is ground into grass meal, in grass meal, be added in the prosperous viable bacteria stoste of the earth of market purchase and nitrogenous 46% urea with powder grass machine; In grass meal: the prosperous viable bacteria stoste of the earth: urea is after 200: 1: 1 ratio is evenly mixed, mixing clear water mixes thoroughly, hand has been pinched wet sense and has been got final product, pile truncated cone-shaped, high 40--50cm obturages with the woven bag covering after the compacting, after the spontaneous fermentation 15 days, mix again and turn over once, fermented 10 ± 1 days, it is fully fermented.The loose flat beach of grass meal of fully fermentation is being matrix behind the airing on the ground in cool place, and its pH value is 10.The prosperous viable bacteria stoste of the earth is the bacterial classification of being produced by connection city, Nanchang Industrial Co., Ltd., its trade name: the prosperous viable bacteria stoste of the earth, main component is by multiple beneficial soil floras such as saccharomycete, light compositing bacterium, the radioactive ray bacterium the earth prosperous viable bacteria stoste synthetic with trace element.
2, the pH value is measured
Measure the pH value of the acid ground that needs improvement and the pH value of matrix with the pH test paper.Behind 8-9 month rice harvesting, its rice terrace is turned over plough arable layer table soil, the detection soil pH value is 4.5-5.5, the substrate pH value is 10.
3, substrates quantity determines
Randomly draw this farmland area 100 * 100cm
2, the soil sample prescription of 20 centimetres of degree of depth of soil layer, 1/5 a small amount of fixed quantity of pressing the soil volume is determined the consumption of the matrix of this acid ground of need neutralization.Finally determining soil pH value is 7 o'clock, in and 1m
2Acid ground need 1kg matrix.In view of the above, calculate neutralization this demonstration area acid ground required substrates quantity M=m * S (wherein M is the total amount of the required matrix of soil that needs improvement, m be in and random sampling 1m
2The consumption of the required matrix of acid ground area, S is the gross area of the acid ground that needs improvement, the unit of S is m
2, M and m unit be kg), if 100 mu acid ground is become neutral soil (the pH value is 7), then needing matrix is 66700kg (1kg/m
2* 100mu * 667m
2/ mu=66700kg).
4, matrix applies the time
Turning over plough back a heatable brick bed soil after 1 month,, soil is applied matrix at 5 o'clock in afternoon November (winter).
5, soil moisture control
Mixed soil moisture is controlled at about 50-70%, and topsoil was air-dry after matrix was manured into soil 5-8 days, should in time keep the skin wet, and keeps soil moisture.
6, matrix applies operation
Matrix applies to divide by institute's expense and is sprinkling upon the acid ground surface more than 2 times one by one, turns over the arable layer of plough upper soll layer to the 15-20cm soil depth then, and the mixed soil of raking makes it abundant fusion, and neutralization reaction is timely.
The 1st sowing amount is institute's expense 85%, i.e. matrix about 57t (66700kg * 85%=566975kg matrix), and sowing amount is sure not excessive, mixes the back too high and apparent alkaline soil of soil pH value and irreversible in order to avoid cause.
After one week, measure its mixed pH in soil earlier, its soil pH value is 5.8-6.1, also do not reach neutralization fully, then apply remaining 10% (about 6.7t) matrix for the 2nd time, measuring its soil pH value after 7 days is 6.4-6.9, has made soil pH value reach ideal range.
Trace is adjusted soil pH value: remaining 5%, the matrix gradation of about 3.3t is sweetening of the soil again, and finally measuring soil pH value is 6.5-7.2, and demand of plant growth suits.
7, soil is prepared before the plantation
Plant and turned over plough soil before one month more once, standby during as plantation, can effectively improve the harm of soil physics structure and minimizing disease and pest simultaneously.
8, result: in paddy field improvement acid ground,, make the pH value of acid ground bring up to 6.5-7.2 by the enforcement of the inventive method, suitable demand of plant growth, and the soil weight is from original 1.725g/cm
3Become 1.538g/cm
3Reduced 10.84%, porosity and water capacity improve 15% and 22% than original.
Embodiment 2
Implement the place: Yunnan Province's Yuanmou County rain is supported type arid hillside field comprehensive utilization district, 15 mu of soil areas, and this area belongs to the xeothermic weather short of rain in torrid areas.Concrete steps are as follows:
1, matrix is made identical with embodiment 1.
2, the pH value is measured
The substrate pH value still is 10.Measure the soil that needs improvement with the pH test paper, its pH value is 5.5-6.5, turns over plough arable layer table soil, removes the weeds of being exposed to the sun, and treats interim utilization the in rainy season.
3, substrates quantity determines
Randomly draw this drought ground surface soil area 100 * 100cm
2, the soil of 20 centimetres of degree of depth of soil layer, 1/5 a small amount of fixed quantity of pressing the soil volume is determined the consumption of the matrix of this acid ground of need neutralization.Soil pH value after the neutralization is 7 o'clock, finally determines the 1m that neutralization is randomly drawed
2Acid ground need 0.5kg matrix, thereby calculate, become neutral soil (the pH value is 7) to little sour soil earth (pH value 5.5-6.5) of 15 mu, then need matrix M=m * S=0.5kg/m
2* 15mu * 667m
2/ mu=5002.5kg.
4, matrix applies the time
The nonirrigated farmland is chosen in after the rainfall, does not apply when having obvious heavy showers.The June that rainfall is concentrated, treat rainfall after soil water content when 50-60%, spread matrix.
5, soil moisture control utilizes the withered grass covering surfaces, keeps soil moisture, helps reducing heavy showers washing away mixed soil simultaneously.
6, matrix applies operation
Consumption is required substrates quantity 85% first, and promptly about 4250kg (4250kg ≈ 5002.5kg * 85%) is sprinkling upon the acid ground surface, turns over the arable layer of ploughing to the 15-20cm soil depth once more, and the mixed soil of raking fully mixes it.
After one week, measure earlier the pH value of its mixed soil, its soil pH value is 6.5-6.9, does not also reach neutralization fully, then apply for the 2nd time remaining 10%, about 500kg (500kg ≈ 5002.5kg * 10%) matrix, its soil pH value of mensuration is 6.8-7.1 after 10 days.Made soil pH value reach ideal range, suitable demand of plant growth.
7, soil is prepared before the plantation
Plant and turned over plough soil before one month more once, increase soil fertility and the loose degree of soil, reduce the harm of soil subterranean pest-insect, standby during as plantation.
8, result: in arid hillside field improvement acid ground, by the enforcement of the inventive method, making the pH value of acid ground bring up to pH value is 6.5-7.2, the demand of plant growth that suits, and the soil weight is from original 1.83g/cm
3Become 1.68g/cm
3Reduced 9.19%, porosity and water capacity improve 17% and 20% than original.
By embodiment 1 and example 2, can draw: adopt the inventive method, can make the pH of acid ground (the pH value is about 4.5-6.5) be adjusted in neutrality (the pH value is about 6.5-7.2), demand of plant growth can suit; Simultaneously, physical agents such as the unit weight of soil, porosity, water capacity all have improvement in various degree.Embodiment proves absolutely that the inventive method is scientific and reasonable, practical, and plant normal growth is of great importance.
Table 1: after implementing matrix, the variation of the pH in soil and the soil weight, porosity, water-holding capacity
Claims (3)
1, a kind of method of improving acid soil using ground mass, by matrix make, pH value is measured, substrates quantity is determined, matrix applies the time, soil moisture control, matrix apply operation, seven steps of the preceding soil preparation of plantation are formed, it is characterized in that:
(1) in matrix is made, extracts imperatoria and dry, the imperatoria of drying is ground into grass meal, in grass meal, add the urea of the prosperous viable bacteria stoste of the earth and nitrogenous 46% with powder grass machine; In grass meal: the prosperous viable bacteria stoste of the earth: urea is after 200: 1: 1 ratio is evenly mixed, mixing clear water mixes thoroughly, hand has been pinched wet sense and has been got final product, pile truncated cone-shaped, high 40--50cm obturages with the woven bag covering after the compacting, after the spontaneous fermentation 15 days, mix again and turn over once, fermented 10 ± 1 days, it is fully fermented.The loose flat beach of grass meal of fully fermentation is being matrix behind the airing on the ground in cool place, and its pH value is 10;
(2) in the measurement of pH value, the ph value and the 1st of using the pH test paper to measure the acid ground that needs improvement goes on foot the pH value of the matrix of acquisition;
When (3) substrates quantity is determined, 1m in the acid ground S area that random sampling need improve
2Get 20 centimetres of dark soil samples of arable layer, with matrix on a small quantity repeatedly to this 1m
2Soil sample neutralizes, when the soil ph value is 7, in determining and 1m
2The consumption m of the matrix that needs of acid ground area, thereby calculate the aggregate demand M of required improvement soil to matrix, then M=m * S;
(4) apply in the time in matrix, the paddy field applies matrix in time-division morning and evening of winter-spring season, and soil conservation mixes when moistening; The nonirrigated farmland is chosen in after the rainfall, applies matrix when not having obvious heavy showers;
(5) in soil moisture control, when applying matrix, soil moisture is controlled at 50%-70%;
(6) apply in the operation in matrix, matrix applies to divide by institute's expense and is sprinkling upon the acid ground surface more than 2 times one by one, turns over the arable layer of plough upper soll layer to the 15-20cm soil depth then, the mixed soil of raking; The 1st sowing amount is 85% of institute's expense; After one week, measure earlier the pH value of its mixed soil, remaining 10% if its soil pH value, then applies matrix for the 2nd time less than 6, repeat aforementioned operation after same 7 days, but the matrix use amount should make soil pH=7 ± 0.5 gradually than preceding once minimizing;
(7) during soil is prepared before plantation, plant and turned over plough soil before one month more once.
2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: covering with plastic film or hay, control matrix mix back soil moisture at 50%-70%.
3, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: after matrix was manured into soil 5-8 days, topsoil was air-dry, should in time keep the skin wet, and control soil moisture is at 50%-70%.
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| CN2008100586031A CN101306428B (en) | 2008-06-30 | 2008-06-30 | Method for improving acid soil using ground mass |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100586031A CN101306428B (en) | 2008-06-30 | 2008-06-30 | Method for improving acid soil using ground mass |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101306428A true CN101306428A (en) | 2008-11-19 |
| CN101306428B CN101306428B (en) | 2010-12-08 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102972113A (en) * | 2012-12-06 | 2013-03-20 | 江西省红壤研究所 | Acid reduction and humidity regulation method for red upland soilred-soil dryland |
| CN105885862A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-08-24 | 惠州市四季绿农产品有限公司 | Soil pH (potential of hydrogen) adjusting method and soil pH adjusting agent |
| CN108130096A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-08 | 铁汉山艺环境建设有限公司 | A kind of matrix for improving water plant wetland soil acidity |
| CN110583138A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-20 | 海南省岭脚热带作物有限公司 | Method for improving acidified soil of rubber garden |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1800109A (en) * | 2006-01-24 | 2006-07-12 | 何炎森 | Method for producing organic manure through harmless treatment of fowl, livestock feces |
| CN1907034A (en) * | 2006-08-17 | 2007-02-07 | 罗定市丰智昌顺科技有限公司 | Active plant growth regulator, production method and use thereof |
-
2008
- 2008-06-30 CN CN2008100586031A patent/CN101306428B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102972113A (en) * | 2012-12-06 | 2013-03-20 | 江西省红壤研究所 | Acid reduction and humidity regulation method for red upland soilred-soil dryland |
| CN102972113B (en) * | 2012-12-06 | 2015-02-04 | 江西省红壤研究所 | Acid reduction and humidity regulation method for red upland soilred-soil dryland |
| CN105885862A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-08-24 | 惠州市四季绿农产品有限公司 | Soil pH (potential of hydrogen) adjusting method and soil pH adjusting agent |
| CN108130096A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-08 | 铁汉山艺环境建设有限公司 | A kind of matrix for improving water plant wetland soil acidity |
| CN110583138A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-20 | 海南省岭脚热带作物有限公司 | Method for improving acidified soil of rubber garden |
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| CN101306428B (en) | 2010-12-08 |
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