CN107646080A - 位置探测器 - Google Patents

位置探测器 Download PDF

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CN107646080A
CN107646080A CN201680030489.4A CN201680030489A CN107646080A CN 107646080 A CN107646080 A CN 107646080A CN 201680030489 A CN201680030489 A CN 201680030489A CN 107646080 A CN107646080 A CN 107646080A
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movable
detector parts
movable link
component
equipment
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A·迈尔
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Abbott GmbH and Co KG
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Knoll GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D59/00—Self-acting brakes, e.g. coming into operation at a predetermined speed
    • F16D59/02—Self-acting brakes, e.g. coming into operation at a predetermined speed spring-loaded and adapted to be released by mechanical, fluid, or electromagnetic means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
    • B60T17/18—Safety devices; Monitoring
    • B60T17/22—Devices for monitoring or checking brake systems; Signal devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D19/00—Door arrangements specially adapted for rail vehicles
    • B61D19/02—Door arrangements specially adapted for rail vehicles for carriages
    • B61D19/026—Safety devices for preventing passengers from being injured by movements of doors or variations in air pressure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E05F15/40—Safety devices, e.g. detection of obstructions or end positions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F5/00—Braking devices, e.g. checks; Stops; Buffers
    • E05F5/003—Braking devices, e.g. checks; Stops; Buffers for sliding wings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D27/00—Magnetically- or electrically- actuated clutches; Control or electric circuits therefor
    • F16D27/10—Magnetically- or electrically- actuated clutches; Control or electric circuits therefor with an electromagnet not rotating with a clutching member, i.e. without collecting rings
    • F16D27/108—Magnetically- or electrically- actuated clutches; Control or electric circuits therefor with an electromagnet not rotating with a clutching member, i.e. without collecting rings with axially movable clutching members
    • F16D27/112—Magnetically- or electrically- actuated clutches; Control or electric circuits therefor with an electromagnet not rotating with a clutching member, i.e. without collecting rings with axially movable clutching members with flat friction surfaces, e.g. discs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D27/00—Magnetically- or electrically- actuated clutches; Control or electric circuits therefor
    • F16D27/10—Magnetically- or electrically- actuated clutches; Control or electric circuits therefor with an electromagnet not rotating with a clutching member, i.e. without collecting rings
    • F16D27/118—Magnetically- or electrically- actuated clutches; Control or electric circuits therefor with an electromagnet not rotating with a clutching member, i.e. without collecting rings with interengaging jaws or gear teeth
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D48/00—External control of clutches
    • F16D48/06—Control by electric or electronic means, e.g. of fluid pressure
    • F16D48/064—Control of electrically or electromagnetically actuated clutches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D59/00—Self-acting brakes, e.g. coming into operation at a predetermined speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D63/00—Brakes not otherwise provided for; Brakes combining more than one of the types of groups F16D49/00 - F16D61/00
    • F16D63/002—Brakes with direct electrical or electro-magnetic actuation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D63/00—Brakes not otherwise provided for; Brakes combining more than one of the types of groups F16D49/00 - F16D61/00
    • F16D63/006—Positive locking brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
    • F16D66/02—Apparatus for indicating wear
    • F16D66/021—Apparatus for indicating wear using electrical detection or indication means
    • F16D66/022—Apparatus for indicating wear using electrical detection or indication means indicating that a lining is worn to minimum allowable thickness
    • F16D66/023—Apparatus for indicating wear using electrical detection or indication means indicating that a lining is worn to minimum allowable thickness directly sensing the position of braking members
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F3/00—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/50—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
    • E05Y2900/51—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles for railway cars or mass transit vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
    • F16D2066/003—Position, angle or speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/18—Electric or magnetic
    • F16D2121/20—Electric or magnetic using electromagnets
    • F16D2121/22—Electric or magnetic using electromagnets for releasing a normally applied brake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2300/00—Special features for couplings or clutches
    • F16D2300/18—Sensors; Details or arrangements thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D27/00—Magnetically- or electrically- actuated clutches; Control or electric circuits therefor
    • F16D27/10—Magnetically- or electrically- actuated clutches; Control or electric circuits therefor with an electromagnet not rotating with a clutching member, i.e. without collecting rings
    • F16D27/108—Magnetically- or electrically- actuated clutches; Control or electric circuits therefor with an electromagnet not rotating with a clutching member, i.e. without collecting rings with axially movable clutching members

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于测定借助电磁场在两个位置之间可往复运动的物体或构件(7)的即时位置的设备，特别地，所述物体或构件是尤其在车辆如铁路车厢的门驱动装置中能够磁性或电磁操纵的制动器(1)或离合器的齿盘(5)的可动的配合盘。为了保护在此所使用的开关(11)的接触凸起(12)，规定：为探测可动构件(7)的位置而设有单独的探测器部件(10)，该探测器部件能够相对于所述可动构件(7)沿着该可动构件所能运动的方向进行运动；探测器部件(10)如同可动构件(7)一样受到使构件(7)运动的电磁场的影响；并且，探测器部件(10)在两个位置之一中借助开关拨臂(12')与开关(11)的至少一个接触凸起(12)相接触，而在另一位置中与该接触凸起有间距。

Description

位置探测器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种如权利要求1前序部分和EP 2 002 142 A1所述的设备，该设备用于测定借助电磁场在两个位置之间可往复运动的物体的即时位置，所述物体特别是能够磁性操纵的制动器或离合器的齿盘。
背景技术
上述文献介绍了一种所谓的安全制动器，其中，在所示情况中具有齿部的离合器零件可以通过电磁力在一个对应于锁定位置的位置与一个对应于释放位置的位置之间往复运动。还有类似的一些设备，此设备具有其他的固定器件代替齿部和/或使用弹簧或者其他构件代替沿着其中一个方向的电磁力。
这样的制动器以不同方式使用，例如在火车车门用的门驱动装置中，还有在电梯门中，并且也可以用在升降机中、在绳索牵引装置中和各种类型的力传递或扭矩传递中。已有双稳态的设置系统，其中通过永久磁铁或者机械式固定机构来保证：一经居于终端位置，便维持该终端位置，直到下一开关动作脉冲为止；并且还有单稳态的设计形式，其中一撤去电动力就采取一个端部位置，这可能是所希望的，也可能是在故障期间。使用哪一种所述制动器，是取决于相应的应用领域和使用者的安全理念。
对于所有这种类型的制动器来说，重要的是将即时(当前)位置通知给调节(闭环控制)及控制(开环控制)设备，以便能够监视该位置并据此调节与制动器相连接的整个设备的运行。这种对实际状态的监视(与过去的开关指令无关)不仅对于所要进行的不同运行步骤的过程来说、而且还对安全性来说都是重要的，因此必须保证可靠且无故障地实现该检测。
在现有技术中曾通过如下方式实现这一点：为制动器的可动组成部分固定地(必要时还一体式地)设置一个杆臂或类似构件，并且在由此强制性地随同可动部分一起运动的该杆臂的端部上设置有触点、操作器件(销钉或类似构件)，它们与一个相应对置地固定安装的开关、插头或类似构件接触并且从而闭合或断开一个电路，或者，视时常出于(闭环)控制技术之原因应该争取达到的情形而定，操作多个这样的开关元件，根据其在调节(闭环控制)或控制(开环控制)回路之一中的位置和作用，当然也可以将几个开关元件断开并将其他开关元件闭合。
这种设计方案具有直接与可动部分连接并因而直接反映其位置的大的优点，也具有如下缺点：可动部分的运动由其接合或释放功能所规定，因此不可能顾及传感器部分的机械、动态、电气或其他的状况和界限。特别是(尽管不仅仅是)，运动构件的运动速度明显高于针对所使用的和可使用的开关继电器等等来说容许的开关动作速度。结果便是，设置杠杆和类似构件的必要性更大，通过它们来降低运动构件的速度，然而这又成比例地缩短了接触机构所走过的行程并且因此又需要更加敏感的或者说更加灵敏的开关等。此外，可动部分恰恰与所追求的直接性相矛盾且成本高昂。由JPS61211539(A)已知这样的内容。DE91 11 784 U1以及US 3,400,797 A虽然避免了杠杆等等，但却为此使开关遭受可动部分的直接作用。
另一可行方案是使用无接触式开关，如由DE 10 2006 004 065 A1、DE 20 2005009 053 U1和DE 199 22 251 A1已知的那样。在此出现的问题在于有关接近开关的滞后的特性曲线和可动部分的行程和其他元件对接近开关的影响以及恶劣条件运行中的污染。
由WO 97/42118 A1已知的是，对于升降机制动器，因而是在良好界定和受保护的环境中，相应地控制磁力，以实现可动构件的平缓移入。这种措施花费巨大，而且在运行过程中在机械性能不可避免地改变时需要精细的调校和维护，更别提例如在露天环境中的变化。
因此，需要一种简单、紧凑、可靠并且尽可能要适配于所使用的开关的监视设备，通过该监视设备还应该能够使用不同的传感器(无需花费巨大的改变和适配)、谋求不同的策略、顾及不同的装配可能性，因为在这一点上来说，根据客户，存在着极其不同的要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种这样的设备。
根据本发明，此目的通过在权利要求1特征部分中所述的特征得以实现；换言之，为探测可动构件的位置而设有单独的(eigen，特有的)探测器板，该探测器板能够相对于可动的离合器部分沿着该离合器部分所能运动的方向进行运动。其中，探测器部件如同所述离合器部分一样受到使该离合器部分运动的电磁场的影响，以及，必要时在离合器部分与探测器部件之间设有压力弹簧。
通过这个简单的方式保证了：通过探测器板的质量和构造可以确定电磁力对它、亦即在附加考虑质量的情况下对其加速度和在可用行程上对终端速度的作用，其中，一个压力弹簧或多个压力弹簧根据出现的力和要走过的行程被设置在两个可动板之间并确定其特性曲线。
附图说明
下文将借助实施例进一步详细地阐述本发明。在此，图1示出本发明设备在联接状态中纯示意性的剖视图，而图2和图3示出本发明设备在脱开状态中纯示意性的剖视图。
具体实施方式
选择为实例的制动器1与一个翼扇2或其他安装部件配合地紧固在未示出的车厢或门框上并且在其内部支承有一根可围绕轴线4旋转的轴体3。轴体3抗扭转地且轴向固定地与齿环5(图2)连接，并在其另一端部上与自由轮机构(Freilauf，单向离合器)6连接，该自由轮机构则又配装在一根未示出的操纵轴上。
该设备例如在操纵火车车门时的作用是：始终允许操纵轴在自由轮机构允许动作所沿的方向(通常为车门的关闭方向)上旋转，然而阻止在打开方向上的旋转。于是，若希望在自由轮机构6不允许的方向上旋转，则释放制动器1，亦即具体而言是释放齿盘5，然后操纵轴就可以连同自由轮机构和轴体3以及齿盘5在另一方向上旋转。
为了实现所述释放，在制动器1中抗扭转地设置有一配合盘7，但该配合盘可以沿着轴线4的方向在两个位置之间运动。图1示出了关闭的或者锁定的位置，在该位置，可动盘7的齿环与齿盘5的齿相啮合并因此阻止其一切旋转。图2和图3示出了处于释放状态中的情况，在该状态，盘7通过磁铁8的电磁力被如此远地向图中的右方拉引，使得两个齿梳的齿脱开嵌接，齿盘5以及轴体3便能够自由转动。在关断磁铁8时，可动盘7通过弹簧9被重新压入锁定的位置状态。引言所说明的内容在此适用，即：代替这种单稳态的结构，通过设置永久磁铁或者类似构件可以实现一种双稳态的设计；然而这与下文借助该实例进一步详细阐述的发明无关。
为了能够将可动盘7的当前位置报告给相应的调节(闭环控制)设备或控制(开环控制)设备(未示出)，而设置有探测器盘10，该探测器盘也同可动盘7那样相对于制动器1抗扭转地支承，但沿着轴线4的方向可运动。所述探测器盘10现在如同可动盘7那样也受到磁铁8吸引，但具有这样的磁性特性和这样的质量，即：在磁铁8激活和可动盘7运动的情况中其自身的运动只达到很小的速度，该速度足够小，以便在与真正开关的(一个或多个)接触凸起12接触时不会对该开关(在下文中一直这样称呼，无所谓它如何构造)11施加超出其稳定性的负荷。在图3中示出了这一情况。
在此，还可以借助电流测量对磁铁的开关过程进行核实。所述开关过程在此是通过特征性电流变化曲线予以确定的。
在关断电磁铁8的情况下，压力弹簧9将可动板7再次压入锁定的位置(图1)中，并且中间弹簧13或者配合设置的永久磁铁或其他的推斥元件将探测器盘10连同其开关拨臂12'从开关11压离，该开关将这个运动或者说将这个运动的终端的到达传输给控制设备。
这些元件13可在其特性曲线方面和在其最大伸展长度方面如下地确定尺寸，即：在故障情况下，例如，如果尽管关断了磁铁8而可动盘7却未到达锁定的位置(图1)，也就是说，未由开关11压离，并不误报锁定的状态。在了解了本发明和所用部件以及应用领域的情况下，本领域技术人员通过计算，或许做几个简单的试验就可以容易地确定这一点。
如果反之，尽管接通了磁铁8而可动盘7却未脱开，那么由于弹性元件13之故触点12也未到达开关11的区域中，于是该开关一如既往地报告：锁定状态一如既往地存在。
本发明可以通过多种方式发展设计并适应于相应的应用领域。在了解了本发明的情况下，对于在电磁操纵设备领域控制技术调整的技术人员来说很清楚的是，要选择相应的参数，他为此首先是选择如下参数：弹性元件13、探测器盘10的质量、至磁铁8的间距、探测器盘10的磁性特性，并且这一点要相应地协同可动盘7的质量与磁性特性和复位弹簧9的强度来进行。
最后可以确定：本发明涉及一种用于测定借助电磁场在两个位置之间可往复运动的物体或构件7的即时位置的设备，特别地，所述物体或构件是尤其在车辆如铁路车厢的门驱动装置中能够磁性或电磁操纵的制动器1或离合器的齿盘5的可动的配合盘。为了保护在此所使用的开关11的接触凸起12，为探测可动构件7的位置而设有单独的探测器部件10，该探测器部件可以相对于所述可动构件7沿着该可动构件所能运动的方向进行运动，探测器部件10如同可动构件7一样受到使该构件7运动的电磁场的影响，并且，探测器部件10在所述两个位置之一中借助开关拨臂12'与开关11的至少一个接触凸起12相接触，而在另一位置中与该接触凸起有间距。
附图标记列表
01 制动器
02 翼扇
03 轴体
04 轴线
05 齿环，齿盘
06 自由轮机构
07 配合盘，可动盘
08 电磁铁
09 弹簧
10 探测器盘
11 开关
12 接触凸起
12' 开关拨臂
13 弹性元件

Claims (4)

1.用于测定借助电磁场在两个位置之间可往复运动的物体或构件(7)的即时位置的设备，特别地，所述物体或构件是尤其在车辆如铁路车厢的门驱动装置中能够磁性或电磁操纵的制动器(1)或离合器的齿盘(5)的可动的配合盘，其特征在于：为探测可动构件(7)的位置而设有单独的探测器部件(10)，该探测器部件能够相对于所述可动构件(7)沿着该可动构件所能运动的方向进行运动；所述探测器部件(10)如同所述可动构件(7)一样受到使构件(7)运动的电磁场的影响；并且，所述探测器部件(10)在所述两个位置之一中借助开关拨臂(12')与开关的至少一个接触凸起(12)相接触，而在另一位置中与该接触凸起有间距。
2.如权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于：在所述可动构件(7)与所述探测器部件(10)之间设有压力元件，该压力元件包括至少一个压力弹簧(13)。
3.如权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于：在所述可动构件(7)与所述探测器部件(10)之间设有压力元件，该压力元件包括至少一个永久磁铁。
4.如权利要求1至3之任一项所述的设备，其特征在于：所述探测器部件(10)在施加有电磁场时居于形成接触的位置。
CN201680030489.4A 2015-05-27 2016-05-20 位置探测器 Pending CN107646080A (zh)

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