CN107635422A - 呼吸器突片 - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B23/00—Filters for breathing-protection purposes
- A62B23/02—Filters for breathing-protection purposes for respirators
- A62B23/025—Filters for breathing-protection purposes for respirators the filter having substantially the shape of a mask
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
- A41D13/05—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches protecting only a particular body part
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
- A41D13/05—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches protecting only a particular body part
- A41D13/11—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres
- A41D13/1107—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres characterised by their shape
- A41D13/1115—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres characterised by their shape with a horizontal pleated pocket
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
- A41D13/05—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches protecting only a particular body part
- A41D13/11—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres
- A41D13/1161—Means for fastening to the user's head
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B18/00—Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种个人呼吸防护装置(10),所述个人呼吸防护装置包括上部面板(18)、中央面板(16)和下部面板(20),所述中央面板分别通过第一皱褶、接缝、熔接部或粘结部和第二皱褶、接缝、熔接部或粘结部与所述上部面板和所述下部面板中的每一者隔开,使得所述装置能沿所述第一皱褶、接缝、熔接部或粘结部和所述第二皱褶、接缝、熔接部或粘结部被平折以便收起并且能够在使用中被打开以在佩戴者的鼻部和嘴部上形成杯形空气室,其中所述上部面板具有可抓握的上部突片,所述上部突片(41)能够在使用中被抓握以打开所述装置。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及被称为呼吸器或面罩的个人呼吸防护装置,其能够在存放时平折并能在使用时在佩戴者的嘴部和鼻部上形成杯形空气室。
背景技术
当期望保护人的呼吸系统不吸入悬浮在空气中的颗粒或让人感到不快或者有毒的气体时,在各种广泛的应用中使用过滤呼吸器或面罩。一般来讲,此类呼吸器或面罩可具有多种形式,但是最常见的两种形式是模制的杯形形式或平折形式。平折形式的优点在于:其可在需要前一直携带于佩戴者的口袋中,并且在两次佩戴之间再平折以保持内部清洁。
此类呼吸装置包括,例如呼吸器、医用口罩、洁净室口罩、护面罩、防尘口罩、呼吸保暖口罩和各种其他面部覆盖物。
平折式呼吸器通常由片材过滤介质形成,该片材过滤介质将悬浮粒子在被使用者吸入之前从空气中除去。因此,呼吸器的性能依赖于在吸入之前最小化绕过过滤介质的空气流。已经认识到旁通空气的主要途径是在呼吸器和使用者的面部之间。因此,为了最小化旁通空气流,有必要在呼吸器和面部之间提供紧密贴合。考虑到鼻部从面部的突出以及不同使用者鼻部大小和形状上的人体工程学变化,这在使用者的鼻部区域尤其具挑战性。
平折式呼吸器通常由片材过滤介质形成,该片材过滤介质被折叠或结合以形成两个或更多个面板。在佩戴过程之前或期间向外打开面板,以形成空气室。通常在面板中的一个面板上设置呼气阀以降低呼气所花费的力气。
呼吸器的使用者常常佩戴其他安全设备,诸如护目镜、手套或防护服。这可削弱使用者有效佩戴呼吸器的能力。这可因受损的配合或舒适度而降低呼吸器的效果。
还认识到,在佩戴过程期间,使用者有时握持呼吸器的外边缘。这导致使用者触摸呼吸器的内表面。这在某些环境诸如手术使用中将是不利的。
此外,已经认识到,在佩戴之前充分打开呼吸器影响佩戴的便利度和呼吸器就位后佩戴者所感觉到的舒适度。因此,认识到了提高打开和佩戴呼吸器便利度的需求。相似地,认识到了减少佩戴和摘下呼吸器时呼吸器的内部表面被触摸的可能性的需求。
影响佩戴呼吸器的便利度的一个因素是在佩戴呼吸器之前和/或期间使可塑鼻夹变形成鼻部的形状的要求。如果使用者戴着手套或穿着其他保护性衣服,该操作将尤其具有挑战性。
本发明的一个目标是,通过提供有效打开并且易于打开和佩戴的个人呼吸防护装置来至少缓解上述问题。
发明内容
因此,本发明提供一种个人呼吸防护装置,其包括上部面板、中央面板和下部面板,
中央面板分别通过第一皱褶、接缝、熔接部或粘结部和第二皱褶、接缝、熔接部或粘结部与上部面板和下部面板中的每一者隔开,使得该装置能沿第一皱褶、接缝、熔接部或粘结部和第二皱褶、接缝、熔接部或粘结部被平折以便收起并且能够在使用中被打开以在佩戴者的鼻部和嘴部形成杯形空气室,
其中上部面板具有可抓握的上部突片,上部突片能够在使用中被抓握以打开该装置。
有利地,提供附接至上部面板的可抓握的突片使得使用者能够在佩戴之前在不接触呼吸器内表面的情况下打开呼吸器。
优选地,上部突片能够在收起位置和展开位置之间移动,突片在收起位置倚靠上部面板,上部突片在展开位置远离上部面板伸出。
该特征结构具有这样的优势:上部突片可在佩戴和试用期间处于最佳位置。在佩戴期间,突片远离上部面板伸出以为使用者提升使用便利度。这在使用者戴着手套或穿着其他保护性衣服时尤其有利。该装置被佩戴之后,上部突片可倚靠在上部面板而收起,从而将突片移出使用者的视线。
优选地,上部突片保持处于展开位置直到上部突片恢复至收起位置时为止。
优选地,上部突片在收起位置和展开位置之间移动时围绕上部突片的附接线折叠。
优选地,装置包括与使用者鼻部相适应的鼻夹,上部突片的附接线靠近该鼻夹,使得在面罩打开期间上部突片作用于鼻夹以使鼻夹变形。
有利地,该特征结构确保了鼻夹在面罩被施加至面部之前采用接近鼻部轮廓的形状。这增加了在面罩和面部之间实现紧密贴合的可能性。
优选地,上部突片定位在装置的纵向中心线上。
优选地,其中上部突片具有介于25mm和35mm之间、最优选为30mm的长度。
优选地,上部突片具有介于25mm和35mm之间、优选为30mm的宽度。
优选地,下部面板具有可抓握的下部突片,该下部突片附接至下部面板的外表面的内部,下部突片能够在使用中和上部突片一起被抓握以打开该装置。
优选地,下部面板具有收起时的横向收起皱褶,皱褶延伸穿过该内部,其中下部突片在靠近横向收起皱褶的位置处附接至下部面板。
优选地下部突片定位在横向皱褶上方或下方10mm内。
优选地,下部突片定位在横向皱褶上。
优选地,下部突片在下部突片与下部面板的附接点处的宽度介于10mm和40mm之间,优选为15mm。
优选地,下部突片定位在装置的纵向中心线上。
优选地,当装置被折叠时,下部突片的至少一部分对于使用者是可见的。
优选地,下部面板被折叠以在第二皱褶、接缝、熔接部或粘结部和下部面板的下部外周边之间大约等距的位置处形成横向皱褶。
优选地,该装置具有多层结构,该多层结构包括第一内覆盖网状物、过滤层以及第二外覆盖网状物,该过滤层包括含有带电微纤维的网状物,该第一覆盖网状物和第二覆盖网状物分别被设置在过滤层的相反的第一侧和第二侧,其中鼻部适应元件附接至第二覆盖网状物。
优选地,个人呼吸防护装置包括固定到中央面板的弹性顺应性头带。
优选地,个人呼吸防护装置还包括设置在中央面板上的呼气阀。
具体实施方式
本发明现将仅通过示例的方式来描述,其中:
图1是本发明的个人呼吸防护装置的前视图,该个人呼吸防护装置处于其平折构型;
图2是图1的个人呼吸防护装置的后视图,该个人呼吸防护装置处于其平折构型;
图3是沿图2中的线III-III截取的图1中所示的个人呼吸防护装置的横截面图;
图4是图1的个人呼吸防护装置的前视图,图中示出该个人呼吸防护装置处于其打开构型;
图5是图1的个人呼吸防护装置的侧视图,图中示出该个人呼吸防护装置处于打开即用型构型;
图6是图1的个人呼吸防护装置的后视图,图中示出该个人呼吸防护装置处于其打开构型;
图7是图1的个人呼吸防护装置的横截面图,图中示出该个人呼吸防护装置处于其中间构型,其中打开构型的非横截面侧视图以虚线示出;
图8是图1的呼吸器的加强面板的详细顶部透视图;
图9是图1的个人呼吸防护装置的前透视图,图中示出该个人呼吸防护装置在使用者的面部上处于其打开构型;
图10是图1的个人呼吸防护装置的阀的详细前透视图;
图11是图1的个人呼吸防护装置的阀的另选的实施方案的详细前透视图;
图12为沿图2的线XI-XI截取的图1的个人呼吸防护装置的一部分的详细剖视图,并且示出设备处于其平折构型时头带与主体的附接;
图13为类似于图12截取的图1的个人呼吸防护装置的一部分的详细剖视图,并且示出设备处于其打开构型时头带与主体的附接,并且
图1示出了整体指示为10的呼吸器(通常也称为面罩)形式的个人呼吸防护装置。呼吸器10是平折式呼吸器,其在图1至图3中被示为处于其收起(也称为平折式或平折的)构型。在该构型下,呼吸器基本平坦,使得其可轻松放进使用者的口袋里。
呼吸器10具有整体指示为12的主体以及由两部分14A、14B形成的头带14。主体12具有中央面板16、上部面板18和下部面板20。在使用中,上部面板18和下部面板20从中央面板16向外打开以形成杯形室22(如图6所示)。一旦打开,呼吸器然后就被施加到面部,如稍后将进一步详细描述。
呼吸器10由多层过滤材料的折叠和熔接部分形成,以形成三个部分或面板,如下面将进一步详细讨论的。呼吸器10具有多层结构,该多层结构包括第一内覆盖网状物、过滤层以及第二外覆盖网状物,过滤层包括含有带电微纤维的网状物,第一覆盖网状物和第二覆盖网状物分别被设置在过滤层的相反的第一侧和第二侧。
过滤材料可由多种单层或多层织造和非织造材料组成,具有或不具有内覆盖物或稀松布或者外覆盖物或稀松布。优选地,中央面板16设置有刚性部件,诸如例如织造或非织造稀松布、粘合剂条、印刷或粘结部件。合适的过滤材料的例子包括微纤维网状物、原纤化膜网状物、织造或非织造网状物(如气流成网状物或梳理成网状物短纤维)、溶喷纤维网状物、或它们的组合。可用于形成此类网状物的纤维包括(例如):聚烯烃,例如聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚丁烯、聚(4-甲基-1-戊烯)和它们的共混物;卤素取代的聚烯烃,例如含有一个或多个氯乙烯单元或四氟乙烯单元并且也可以包含丙烯腈单元的那些聚烯烃;聚酯;聚碳酸酯;聚氨酯;树脂毛绒(rosin-wool);玻璃;纤维素;或它们的组合。
过滤层的纤维是根据要过滤的颗粒的类型来选择的。纤维的正确选择也可以影响呼吸装置对佩戴者的舒适度,例如通过提供柔软性或水分控制。可用于本发明中的熔喷微纤维网状物可如例如Wente,Van A.,“Superfine Thermoplastic Fibers”in IndustrialEngineering Chemistry,Vol.48,1342 et seq.(1956)(Wente,Van A,“超细热塑性纤维”,《工业工程化学》,第48卷第1342页以及之后等等(1956年))和Van A.Wente等人出版于1954年5月25日的名为“Manufacture of Super Fine Organic Fibers(超细有机纤维的制造)”的Report No.4364 of the Naval Research Laboratories(海军研究实验室第4364号报告)中所述的制备。可用于本发明的过滤介质中的吹塑微纤维具有优选地3μm至30μm的有效纤维直径,更优选地约7μm至15μm,如根据Davies,C.N.的“The Separation of AirborneDust Particles”,Institution of Mechanical Engineers,London,Proceedings 1B,1952(“气载粉尘粒子的分离”,英国机械工程师学会,伦敦,论文集1B,1952年)中所示方法计算。
短纤维也可任选地存在于过滤层中。与仅由吹塑微纤维形成的网状物相比,卷曲膨胀短纤维的存在提供了更为膨松有弹性且密度更小的网状物。优选地,介质中存在不超过90重量百分比的短纤维,更优选不超过70重量百分比。此类包含短纤维的网状物在美国专利4,118,531(Hauser)中公开。
双组分短纤维还可用在过滤层或过滤介质的一个或多个其他层中。通常外层熔点低于芯部分的双组分短纤维可用于形成在纤维交点处粘结在一起的弹性成形层,形成方法例如为对层进行加热,使得双组分纤维的外层流动以与相邻纤维(其可为双组分短纤维或其他短纤维)接触。成形层还可制备成具有热流动聚酯的粘结剂纤维,其与短纤维包括在一起,并且在加热成形层时,粘结剂纤维熔融并流向纤维交点,从而包围纤维交点。在冷却时,在纤维交点处形成粘结,而后将纤维整体保持为所需形状。另外,诸如丙烯酸系乳胶或粉状可热活化粘合剂树脂的粘结剂材料可施加到网状物,以提供纤维的粘结。
诸如在美国专利No.4,215,682(Kubik等人)、美国专利No.4,588,537(Klasse等人)中公开的带电荷的纤维,或通过极化电极或为电极充电的其他常规方法,例如通过美国专利No.4,375,718(Wadsworth等人)或美国专利No.4,592,815(Nakao)中的过程制备的带电荷的纤维,尤其可用于本发明。也可使用美国专利No.RE.31,285(van Turnhout)中提出的带电荷原纤化膜纤维。一般来讲,充电过程包括使材料经受电晕放电或脉冲高电压。
过滤层也可包含吸附剂颗粒物质,诸如活性炭或氧化铝。此类载有粒子的网状物在以下专利中有所描述:例如美国专利No.3,971,373(Braun)、美国专利No.4,100,324(Anderson)以及美国专利No.4,429,001(Kolpin等人)。来自载有粒子的过滤层的面罩特别有利于防止气态材料。
本发明的呼吸装置的中央面板16、上部面板18和下部面板20中的至少一者必须包括过滤介质。优选地,中央面板16、上部面板18和下部面板20中的至少两者包括过滤介质,并且中央面板16、上部面板18和下部面板20中的全部都可包括过滤介质。不由过滤介质形成的部分可由多种材料形成。上部面板18可由例如提供防潮层的材料形成,以防止佩戴者的眼镜起雾。中央面板16可由透明材料形成,使得佩戴者的唇部移动能够被观察到。
中央面板16具有曲线上周边边缘24,其与中央面板16和上部部分18之间的上部粘结部23同时存在。曲线下周边边缘26与中央面板16和下部部分20之间的下部粘结部25同时存在。粘结部23、粘结部25表现为超声熔接的形式但可另选地折叠到过滤材料中,或表现为另选的粘结方法。此类另选的粘结可表现为粘合剂粘结、钉合、缝合、热机械连接、压力连接或其他合适方式的形式,并且可为间歇的或连续的。这些熔接或粘结技术中的任何一种使粘结区域一定程度地强化或刚性化。
粘结部23、粘结部25分别在中央面板16与上部面板18和下部面板20之间形成基本上气密的密封,并且延伸至呼吸器的纵向边缘27,在此处中央面板16、上部面板18、下部面板20共同形成耳状物31、耳状物33形式的头带附接部分。中央面板16承载呼气阀28,其降低使用者呼气时过滤材料上的压力损失。
上部部分18承载可抓握的上部突片41(在本文被称为上部突片41),其有助于打开和佩戴呼吸器,如将在下文更详细地描述。上部突片41具有基部段45和尖端段47。突片41经由超声熔接或粘合剂粘结沿附接线43附接至上部面板18。图2示出了处于收起位置的上部突片41,在该位置下尖端段47倚靠上部部分18。上部突片41定位在装置10的纵向中心线C-C上并且具有沿该中心线介于25mm和35mm之间,但优选为30mm的长度。附接线43的长度同样介于25mm和35mm之间,但优选为30mm。上部突片41由得自Don&Low的150gsm Daltex聚丙烯纺粘材料形成。
上部突片41的附接线与已知构造的可塑鼻夹30共同存在。鼻夹30定位在覆盖网状物下方以使上部突片41能熔接或粘结至覆盖网状物的外表面。将附接线43邻近鼻夹30定位使上部突片41能够在佩戴期间直接作用于鼻夹30,如将在下文所详述。
在使用中,鼻夹30与使用者的面部相适应以改善呼吸器10和使用者的面部之间形成的密封。鼻夹30被布置在上部部分18的上部外周边38处的中央。鼻夹30和鼻垫35一起运作,在图7中示出该鼻夹30待定位于上部面板18的内部并且用于使鼻部和上部面板18之间的接触点软化的目的。
现在转向图3,更详细地示出处于其收起构型的呼吸器10的特征结构的布置。示出上部突片41定位在上部面板18的外表面上。示出上部面板18处于重叠下部面板20的折叠呼吸器10的向后侧。下部面板20围绕横向皱褶36(在图2中示出为长虚线)折叠。横向皱褶36将下部面板20划分成外部节段40和内部节段42。附接到下部面板20的是可抓握的下部突片32,其协助呼吸器的打开和佩戴,如将在下文进一步详细描述。下部突片32具有在靠近横向皱褶36的位置处附接至外表面下部面板20内部(也就是说下部外周边50(如图6所述)和下部粘结部25的内部)并且理想地附接于皱褶36的基部,如图3所示。下部突片32的定位可在横向皱褶的任一侧的10mm内变化。下部突片32在其附接到下部面板20的点处的宽度是15mm,但该宽度可在10mm和40mm之间变化。
图4、图5和图6示出处于其打开构型的呼吸器10。在图4和图5中,上部突片41以其收起位置示出,在该位置上部突片倚靠上部面板18。在图6中,上部突片41处于其展开位置,如将在下文进一步详细描述。
详见于图4、图5和图6,中央面板16不再如图1至3所示为平坦的,而现在是从阀28向后弯曲至耳状物31、33。该弯曲的形状大致与使用者的面部的嘴部区域相适应。上部面板18围绕曲线上周边边缘24枢转并且弯曲以形成与使用者的鼻部的形状相匹配的峰。相似地,下部面板20围绕曲线下周边边缘24枢转以形成与使用者颈部的形状相匹配的弯曲。
现在将参考图7更详细地描述在图1至图3所示的折叠构型和图4至图6所示的打开构型之间的呼吸器10的打开。
图7示出沿与图3相同的线分段的呼吸器10的横截面,但是其中呼吸器被示为处于中间构型。虚线示出处于打开构型的呼吸器,以用于比较。
要打开并佩戴呼吸器,使用者需抓住上部突片41并通过以方向A牵拉突片41的尖端段使呼吸器从其收起位置(示于图2至图5中)移动。这使突片41移动至其展开位置(示于图6、图7和图9中)。随着上部突片41被使用者以方向A牵拉,其向可塑鼻夹30施加力,该力使鼻夹30变形成逼近使用者鼻梁的弯曲的形状。这进而弯曲向上部突片41的结构提供足够曲率的附接线43以使其能保持在展开位置,直至使用者将其恢复至其收起位置时为止。同时,上部突片41作用于上部面板18上以打开呼吸器10。
使用者用另一只手握持下部突片32并在如图7所指示的方向B上拉动下部突片32,以便向横向皱褶36的谷侧施加打开力。突片可为有纹理的以改善抓持,或可为着色的以更好地与呼吸器的主体区分开来。该打开力导致皱褶36相对于中央面板16向后和向下移动。这导致下部面板20围绕曲线下周边边缘24枢转。同时,负荷从下部突片32的基部转移到耳状物31、33。这向内拉动耳状物31、33,从而导致中央面板16弯曲。中央面板16的弯曲继而向上部部分18施加负荷(主要经由耳状物31、33)。这导致上部部分18的纵向中心升高,如图6和图7所示。
当使用者继续拉动下部突片32越过图7所示的中间位置时,随着中央面板16变得越来越弯曲,耳状物31、33继续移动得更靠近彼此。这继而导致上部部分18继续朝向打开位置(图7中的虚线)向上移动,并且下部面板20继续朝向打开位置向下移动。以这种方式,通过确保由使用者施加的来打开呼吸器10的负荷被最有效并且最有效率地部署以打开呼吸器10,下部突片32改善了呼吸器的打开机构。
示出下部面板20包括呈面板40形式的加强片材(以长虚线示出)。加强面板40形成多层过滤材料的一部分,并且由因其刚性特性而在本领域中众所周知的材料形成。加强面板40为大致沙漏形,并且在图8中更详细地示出为包括第一对翼部42、腰部部分44、第二对翼部46和前部节段48。前部节段48与下部面板20的下部外周边50(如图6中所示)共存,并且腰部节段与横向皱褶36共存。当呼吸器10处于其折叠构型时,加强面板40沿线B-B所指示的横向折痕折叠。当呼吸器10从如上所述的折叠位置打开时,加强面板40围绕横向折痕线B-B打开。当呼吸器接近打开构型(如图4至图6所示)时,沿横向折痕线B-B的皱褶变平,并且加强面板围绕线C-C所指示的纵向折痕弯曲。面板40沿纵向折痕线C-C的弯曲防止围绕横向折痕线B-B的折叠,这使加强面板40具有附加的刚度,并且由此使下部面板20具有附加的刚度。当呼吸器10从凹外角打开成凸外角时,该附加的刚度至少部分地由围绕纵向折痕线C-C折叠的加强片材40赋予,也就是说,当皱褶围绕纵向折痕线C-C偏心时,形成山状皱褶。这继而有助于防止下部面板20的塌缩,并且因此改善下部面板20与面部的下巴区域的适应。
一旦呼吸器10打开,使用者就能够将呼吸器的开口杯形空气室定位在面部上,并且定位头带,如图9所示,以便佩戴呼吸器。
为了更容易地在使用中定位呼吸器10,呼吸器设置有具有抓持部分29的阀28,所述抓持部分在图10中更详细地示出。阀28使用粘合剂诸如可以商品名3MTMScotch-WeldTM热熔喷雾粘合剂61113MTM商购获得的粘合剂粘附到中央部分。阀28具有侧壁51,该侧壁51包括孔52以允许呼出的空气经过阀28。侧壁51具有弯曲形状,其中中部向内延伸并且基部54和上部56向外延伸。布置于阀28的上表面58上的是向上延伸的脊60,其承载向外延伸的肋62。
弯曲的侧壁51充当抓持区域29,因为弯曲部与使用者的手指的曲率相匹配。通过提供延伸抓持区域的脊60来改善抓持区域的性能。通过提供使得抓持区域29更容易抓持和握持的肋62进一步改善性能。如上所述,弯曲的侧壁51、脊60和肋62单独地并且共同地形成抓持区域29将被抓持的用户标记。
图10示出阀28'的另选实施方案,阀28'与阀28的不同点在于阀28'具有较高的脊60'。在本发明的范围之内可以想到,其他形式的抓持区域可以充当用户的标记,例如侧壁50、脊60和/或肋62的纹理化表面或着色表面。
现在转到图11和图12,更详细地示出了头带14与头带附接耳状物31、33的附接。头带14由整体指示为70的头带模块附接至主体12。模块70具有头带14,头带14在其上侧粘结到上部突片72,并且在其下侧粘结到下部突片74。突片72、74由用于形成上述过滤材料的非织造材料形成。非织造材料突片72、74使用已知的粘合剂78诸如可以商品名3MTMScotch-WeldTM热熔喷雾粘合剂6111商购获得的粘合剂粘结到头带14。
模块70然后超声熔接到耳状物31、33,以在下部突片74和主体12之间形成熔接部76。
在图11中示出头带模块,其中呼吸器处于其折叠位置。当呼吸器10打开时,头带被拉伸并且向外拉动耳状物31、33。
在图12中示出头带模块,其中呼吸器处于其打开位置。头带14的拉伸导致模块70弯曲,这导致下部突片74保持受力。这导致高负荷作用在下部突片74和耳状物31、33的交点D处。然而,熔接部76在剥离模式中(也就是说,通过拉伸头带在点D处施加到熔接部的边缘的极限张力负荷)相对坚固。这对现有附接技术提供了改进,现有技术以剥离模式布置粘合剂粘结而不是在剥离上比粘合剂坚固很多的熔接。
应当理解,为了本发明的益处,本文所描述的某些特征结构可以被孤立使用或一起使用。例如,可以设想下列任何一个或多个特征结构可以有利地与本发明结合。
Claims (19)
1.一种个人呼吸防护装置,包括上部面板、中央面板和下部面板,
所述中央面板分别通过第一皱褶、接缝、熔接部或粘结部和第二皱褶、接缝、熔接部或粘结部与所述上部面板和所述下部面板中的每一者隔开,使得所述装置能够沿所述第一皱褶、接缝、熔接部或粘结部和所述第二皱褶、接缝、熔接部或粘结部被平折以便收起并且能够在使用中被打开以在佩戴者的鼻部和嘴部上形成杯形空气室,
其中所述上部面板具有可抓握的上部突片,所述上部突片能够在使用中被抓握以打开所述装置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的个人呼吸防护装置,其中所述上部突片能够在收起位置和展开位置之间移动,所述突片在所述收起位置倚靠所述上部面板,所述上部突片在所述展开位置远离所述上部面板伸出。
3.根据权利要求2所述的个人呼吸防护装置,其中所述上部突片保持处于所述展开位置直到所述上部突片恢复至所述收起位置时为止。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的个人呼吸防护装置,其中所述上部突片在所述收起位置和所述展开位置之间移动时围绕所述上部突片的附接线折叠。
5.根据权利要求4所述的个人呼吸防护装置,其中所述装置包括与使用者的鼻部相适应的鼻夹,所述上部突片的所述附接线靠近所述鼻夹,使得在所述面罩打开期间所述上部突片作用于所述鼻夹以使所述鼻夹变形。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的个人呼吸防护装置,其中所述上部突片定位在所述装置的纵向中心线上。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的个人呼吸防护装置,其中所述上部突片具有介于25mm和35mm之间、优选为30mm的长度。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的个人呼吸防护装置,其中所述上部突片在所述上部突片与所述上部面板的附接线处具有介于25mm和35mm之间、优选为30mm的宽度。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的个人呼吸防护装置,其中所述下部面板具有可抓握的下部突片,所述下部突片附接至所述下部面板的外表面的内部,所述下部突片能够在使用中和所述上部突片一起被抓握以打开所述装置。
10.根据权利要求9所述的个人呼吸防护装置,其中所述下部面板具有收起时的横向收起皱褶,所述皱褶延伸穿过所述内部,其中所述下部突片在靠近所述横向收起皱褶的位置处附接至所述下部面板。
11.根据权利要求10所述的个人呼吸防护装置,其中所述下部突片定位在所述横向皱褶上方或下方10mm内。
12.根据权利要求11所述的个人呼吸防护装置,其中所述下部突片定位在所述横向皱褶上。
13.根据权利要求9至12中任一项所述的个人呼吸防护装置,其中所述下部突片在所述下部突片与所述下部面板的附接点处的宽度介于10mm和40mm之间,优选为15mm。
14.根据权利要求9至12中任一项所述的个人呼吸防护装置,其中所述下部突片定位在所述装置的纵向中心线上。
15.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的个人呼吸防护装置,其中当所述装置被折叠时,所述下部突片的至少一部分对于使用者是可见的。
16.根据权利要求9所述的个人呼吸防护装置,其中所述下部面板被折叠以在所述第二皱褶、接缝、熔接部或粘结部和所述下部面板的下部外周边之间大约等距的位置处形成所述横向皱褶。
17.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的个人呼吸防护装置,其中所述装置具有多层结构,所述多层结构包括第一内覆盖网状物、过滤层以及第二外覆盖网状物,所述过滤层包括含有带电微纤维的网状物,所述第一覆盖网状物和所述第二覆盖网状物分别被设置在所述过滤层的相反的第一侧和第二侧,其中所述鼻部适应元件附接至所述第二覆盖网状物。
18.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的个人呼吸防护装置,还包括固定至所述中央面板的弹性顺应性头带。
19.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的个人呼吸防护装置,还包括设置在所述中央面板上的呼气阀。
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GB201508114D0 (en) | 2015-06-24 |
EP3294079A1 (en) | 2018-03-21 |
EP3294079B1 (en) | 2020-05-20 |
BR112017024365A2 (pt) | 2018-07-31 |
JP2021059832A (ja) | 2021-04-15 |
BR112017024365B1 (pt) | 2022-11-22 |
CN112205689A (zh) | 2021-01-12 |
KR20180004270A (ko) | 2018-01-10 |
US20220339474A1 (en) | 2022-10-27 |
EP3711618B1 (en) | 2023-03-22 |
US11413481B2 (en) | 2022-08-16 |
US20180154195A1 (en) | 2018-06-07 |
CN112205689B (zh) | 2022-11-04 |
JP6808646B2 (ja) | 2021-01-06 |
CN107635422B (zh) | 2020-10-27 |
JP2018515228A (ja) | 2018-06-14 |
EP3711618A1 (en) | 2020-09-23 |
JP7076837B2 (ja) | 2022-05-30 |
WO2016182989A1 (en) | 2016-11-17 |
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