CN107598163A - A kind of quality lossless audio coding equipment and method suitable for powdering formula increasing material manufacturing - Google Patents
A kind of quality lossless audio coding equipment and method suitable for powdering formula increasing material manufacturing Download PDFInfo
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- CN107598163A CN107598163A CN201710781210.2A CN201710781210A CN107598163A CN 107598163 A CN107598163 A CN 107598163A CN 201710781210 A CN201710781210 A CN 201710781210A CN 107598163 A CN107598163 A CN 107598163A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of quality lossless audio coding equipment and method suitable for powdering formula increasing material manufacturing, belong to field of non destructive testing, the forming assembly of the equipment is provided with powdering quality detection module, composition detection module, defects detection module, deformation detection module, stress mornitoring module and dimensional accuracy detection module.Between each module can single work, be simultaneously operable again, using flexible degree is higher.The detection of omnibearing integrated is carried out to powdering quality, the composition of part, defect, deformation, stress and dimensional accuracy in powdering formula increasing material manufacturing forming process using the equipment, powerful guarantee can be provided for different materials, size, shape and structural metal parts forming process, so as to efficiently, the disposably excellent metal parts of workmanship, yield rate can be improved to a certain extent, reduce economic loss.It the composite can be widely applied to using in all kinds of powdering formula increasing material manufacturings of thermal source such as laser, electron beam, plasma.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to lossless audio coding field, is specially a kind of powdering matter during being applied to powdering formula increasing material manufacturing
Amount, and the composition of part, defect, deformation, stress, the lossless audio coding method of dimensional accuracy and equipment.
Background technology
Powdering formula increasing material manufacturing is a kind of advanced manufacturing technology based on powder bed laying, and it is former that it is based on " discrete-accumulation "
Then, with high energy beam (laser beam, electron beam, beam-plasma etc.) for thermal source, to metal, the nonmetallic or composite successively laid
Powder bed carries out selective melting or sintering, ultimately forms part.Due to without mould, do not limited by part complexity, one
The advantages that secondary net shaping, it is widely used in the key areas such as space flight, aviation, medical treatment.
In simple terms, the increasing material manufacturing of powdering formula is divided into two processes：Powdering process and fusing/sintering process.In powdering mistake
Cheng Zhong, due to the difference of flowability and equipment precision and stability difference of powder, it can often cause powder accumulation, not spread powder etc.
Problem；In forming process, the speed that high energy beam carries out selective melting or sintering to each layer of powder is fast, the pool size of formation
It is small, with complicated metallurgical process, the problems such as being likely to result in melting loss of elements, metallurgical imperfection (stomata, be mingled with, do not melt powder)；
Formed region will undergo the thermal cycle of heating-cooling repeatedly, cause the change of Part temperature field i.e. fast and complicated, and then can make
There is larger internal stress in inside parts, formation of parts larger deformation and cracking risk is present.
Problem present in these process will cause part quality stability and repeatability to reduce so that shaping is closed
Key strength member is currently in the awkward stage of " can not use " or " dare not use ", constrains the industrial applications of the technology.
At present, above mentioned problem mainly is avoided by adjusting working process parameter, but this mode needs artificially to grasp
Make, the cost of labor and time cost of consuming are larger.In addition, the increasing material manufacturing of powdering formula is because of the normal quilt of its unique process characteristic
For manufacturing the precision workpiece for being unable to following process, the detection of dimensional accuracy is to ensure the key of yield rate.To sum up, find
It is a kind of to be applied to powdering formula increases material manufacturing technology feature and take into full account that the detection method of multiple detection objects is to ensure that shaping zero
One essential approach of part quality.
At present, the detection mode for powdering formula increasing material manufacturing mainly includes following two：When offline inspection, that is,
Formed part is detected.Chinese patent application such as Application No. 201510066978.xxxx discloses a kind of large-scale
High temperature blade internal flaw three dimensional lossless detection method, it is possible to achieve the precise positioning of inside parts defect, and judge defective value
Size.But this kind of detection mode is to detect afterwards, the shortcomings that hysteresis quality being present and can not intervene in advance, can not reduce useless
Product rate.Second, on-line checking, that is, part forming process is detected in real time.As Application No. US2009206065A1 is beautiful
State's patent application discloses a kind of on-line detecting system and equipment for being integrated in selective laser fusing shaping, and it uses high-speed camera
The pattern for processing molten bath is acquired and uses processing software to analyze its physical dimension, then passes through feedback control system
To adjust technological parameter to ensure that pool size is in stationary value all the time in process.But set equipment melts with selective laser
Change device height to integrate, only serve native country printer, do not possess popularization.Application No. US19930139392 United States Patent (USP)s
Application also proposed it is a kind of for laser sintered temperature control system can avoid in process overheat or burn-off phenomenon,
Improve the stability of part forming process.In addition, the one of the Chinese patent application proposition of Application No. 201710057835
Kind for selective laser fusing forming defects on-line checking with optimization system, it by machine vision technique and digital picture at
Reason technology can online, quickly detect the defects of part is per layer surface in selective laser fusing manufacturing process situation, not by people
The limitation of eye detection, ensure to check the accuracy of defect every time, and shaping can be improved with adjust automatically, Optimizing Process Parameters
Surface quality.But above-mentioned online test method detection object is single, enter just for local process during powdering formula increasing material manufacturing
Row detection, it is difficult to the quality of comprehensive guarantee part.
In summary, existing in the detection means of powdering formula increases material manufacturing technology, though offline inspection can be accurately
Problem present in part is detected, but Detection results have hysteresis quality, it is impossible to improve the yield rate of part.On-line checking means
Although the problem of generation can be detected and be intervened in process, detection object is single, can not be comprehensive right
The quality of part plays quick, efficient, comprehensive monitoring.Increasing material manufacturing large-scale part usually requires tens of or even up to a hundred small
When, if can not find in time in manufacturing process produce the defects of and early warning and regulation and control, may result in part shaping failure,
Cause greatly to waste.
Therefore, the detection and regulation and control of all kinds of problems during shaping how are realized, to improve part forming quality, is reduced useless
Product rate, turn into urgent problem to be solved during powdering formula increasing material manufacturing.
The content of the invention
For the disadvantages described above or Improvement requirement of prior art, the invention provides one kind to be applied to powdering formula increasing material manufacturing
Quality lossless audio coding equipment and method, its object is to a kind of, there is provided neatly pin detection powdering quality, part into
Point, defect, deformation, the lossless audio coding equipment of stress and dimensional accuracy and the method for work of the equipment.Can be to powdering formula
May cause in the defects of powdering is present during increasing material manufacturing and process the composition of part rejection, defect, deformation, should
Power and dimensional accuracy problem carry out full-range monitoring, and are fed back in time after pinpointing the problems, and can reduce the percent defective of part, keep away
Exempt from bigger waste.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of suitable for powdering formula increasing material manufacturing
Quality nondestructive on-line tester, it is characterised in that the quality nondestructive on-line tester is integrally provided in powdering formula and increases material system
Make above the forming cavity of equipment, for carry out powdering quality detection, composition detection, defects detection, deformation detection, stress mornitoring and
Dimensional accuracy detects；
The device includes powdering quality detection module, composition detection module, defects detection module, deformation detection module, should
Power detection module, dimensional accuracy detection module and CPU, powdering quality detection module, composition detection module, defect
Detection module, deformation detection module, stress mornitoring module and, dimensional accuracy detection module with CPU signal connect
Connect；
CPU is used to receive the gathered data of six modules and the data of collection is analyzed and processed, and analyzes
The powdering that the data that processing obtains are used to judge whether to need to continue next layer is processed.
Further, the probe used in powdering quality detection module is selected from high-resolution camera, high speed camera, configuration focusing
The industrial camera of camera lens；
The probe used in composition detection module is selected from LIBS probe, Laser induced plasma spectroscopy
Probe and infrared spectrum probe；
The probe that defects detection module uses is selected from high-speed camera probe, infrared temperature probe, X ray probe, infrared heat
As instrument probe, laser interferometer, ultrasonic probe, infrared sensor probe；
The probe used in deformation detection module is selected from ultrasonic probe, three-dimensional optical deformeter, Laser-Ultrasonic probe；
The probe used in stress mornitoring module is selected from X ray stress detecting probe, ultrasonic probe；
The probe used in dimensional accuracy detection module 7 is selected from laser ranging instrument probe, CCD size probes, size vision
Sensing probe.
Further, powdering quality detection module, composition detection module, defects detection module, deformation detection module, stress
Detection module and dimensional accuracy detection module are formed by least one probe, are carried out with adapting to the shape of parts to be processed
Comprehensive detection.
Further, powdering quality detection module, composition detection module, defects detection module, deformation detection module, stress
At least one module includes multiple probes in detection module and dimensional accuracy detection module, and multiple probes are in the arrangement of square formation formula, square
Shape arranges or rounded arrangement, to adapt to the forming requirements of different shape or size parts.
Further, powdering quality detection module, composition detection module, defects detection module, deformation detection module, stress
Detection module and dimensional accuracy detection module are located at the forming cavity top of powdering formula increasing material manufacturing equipment, powdering formula increasing material manufacturing dress
Standby also to include high energy beam generation and control module, all detection modules occur with high energy beam and control module keeps coaxial position,
Or paraxonic position.
Further, various probes or various detection modules are arranged on the mobile platform formed from X to leading screw and Y-direction screw mandrel
On, mobile platform is installed at the top of forming cavity, during work, by controlling the movement of X, Y leading screw so as to mobile all kinds of probes or each
Kind module, so that the whole processing plane of its covering.
Further, all kinds of probes or various detection modules are arranged on circumferential ring on mobile platform, can make all kinds of spies
Head and various detection modules reach any region on forming cavity top.
Further, material is transparent at the top of forming cavity.
It is another aspect of this invention to provide that providing a kind of method detected using device as described above, it includes
Following steps：
(1) by powdering quality detection module, composition detection module, defects detection module, deformation detection module, stress mornitoring
Module, dimensional accuracy detection module are installed on above powdering formula increasing material manufacturing equipment forming cavity, debugging are checked, to ensure that it is in
Normal operating conditions；
(2) early-stage preparations of powdering formula increasing material manufacturing shaping are completed, selective melting or sintering are carried out to parts to be processed,
Using powdering quality detection module, composition detection module, defects detection module, deformation detection module, stress mornitoring module and chi
Very little accuracy detection module is respectively to powdering quality, the composition of part, defect, deformation, stress and the dimensional accuracy in process
Carry out on-line checking；
(3) detection information of (2) step is sent into CPU to be handled and analyzed, if analysis result shows
It meets the requirement of setting, then continues powdering, carries out next layer of fusing or sintering；If the requirement of setting can not be met, then lead to
Overregulate technological parameter and processing is adjusted or terminated to process.
Further, it comprises the following steps：
(1) in the top of shaped cavity installation powdering quality detection module, composition detection module, defects detection module, change
Shape detection module, stress mornitoring module and dimensional accuracy detection module, ensure that detection module is in normal operating conditions；
(2) forming board and leveling are installed in formation cylinder, then power spreading device is installed, is filled in first, second powder feeding
Put the middle metal for loading drying, nonmetallic or metal and nonmetallic mixed-powder；
(3) air in forming cavity is replaced as protective gas, treats that atmosphere displacement is completed, carried out according to three-dimensional entity model
Layering processing；
(4) first layer powdering is carried out, after first layer powdering terminates, powdering quality detection module is examined to powdering quality
Survey, the pictorial information of collection reaches CPU, if finding defect, then powdering again, if qualified, then starts first
Layer laser scanning；
(5) high energy beam occur and control module in the high energy beam that sends carry out the first passage scanning, in the first passage surface sweeping
Meanwhile defects detection module carries out real-time tracking to scanning formed molten bath, collection weld pool resonance is transmitted to central processing list
Member, it is compared with the database information inside CPU after analyzing and processing, if judging to occur abnormal, then processing stops
Only or to process carry out process adjustments；If normal then processing continues；
(6) before first layer process finishing, composition detection module carries out constituency component collection to formed region, will gather
As a result transmit to CPU, if analysis result and original amount differ by more than arranges value, processing stop or pair plus
Work process carries out technique adjustment；If normal then processing continues；
(7) after first layer process finishing, deformation detection module is acquired to current layer parts profile, and real with three-dimensional
Body section size is compared, if dimensional discrepancy is within the range of permission, then processing continues；Set if difference is more than
Definite value, then it can process stopping or process adjustments are carried out to process,
Meanwhile stress mornitoring module and dimensional accuracy detection module can carry out signal collection and analysis to current layer, such as
Exception occurs for fruit result, and regulation technological parameter makes processing continue or stop processing；
(8) repeat step (4)-(7), until part machines.
The present invention proposes a kind of powdering quality during being directed to it, and the composition of part, defect, deformation, stress and
The lossless audio coding method and equipment of dimensional accuracy.The equipment can be to lacking existing for powdering during powdering formula increasing material manufacturing
Fall into and composition, defect, deformation, stress and the dimensional accuracy problem of part rejection may be caused to carry out whole process in process
Monitoring, and fed back in time after pinpointing the problems, including ensure the forming quality of part, Huo Zhetong by adjusting technological parameter
Cross and be stopped to reduce the percent defective of part, avoid bigger waste.
The applicable material of the present invention is wide and autgmentability is strong, has laser, electron beam, plasma and mutually suitable for inside
The compound metal for waiting thermal source, nonmetallic and composite increasing material manufacturing process.
Specifically, by the contemplated above technical scheme of the present invention compared with prior art, it can obtain following beneficial
Effect：
(1) because the principle of powdering formula increasing material manufacturing is identical, be energy source with after powder bed interaction layer by layer
Superposition, thus on-line checking provided by the invention equipment be widely portable to it is internal with laser, electron beam, plasma and
The mutually compound each metalloid for waiting thermal source, nonmetallic and composite powdering formula increasing material manufacturing.
(2) detection probe used in six detection modules of the invention can be directed to different-energy source and be made with flexible combination
It is the characteristics of powdering formula increasing material manufacturing process under, flexibly stronger from detection technique, autgmentability.
(3) apparatus of the present invention improve the tailored version shortcoming that existing online measuring technique is integrated in increasing material manufacturing equipment, will
This equipment is assembled in powdering formula increasing material manufacturing equipment outside in the form of detection module, and the universal function of product can be achieved, make
The use of the equipment has more flexibility.
(4) usage quantity of module can be adjusted flexibly in the present invention according to actual processing condition, be both simultaneously operable, again can be single
Individual work, and then the manufacture, operation and maintenance cost of remaining module are reduced on the premise of meeting to detect；
(5) the shortcomings that present invention improves offline inspection hysteresis quality with that can not intervene in advance, can be to powdering formula increasing material manufacturing
During powdering quality, and the composition of part, defect, deformation, stress and dimensional accuracy detect and feed back in real time, can
It is effectively reduced the percent defective of part.
(6) present invention improves the present situation that existing online measuring technique can only carry out single object detection, collection powdering quality,
Composition, defect, deformation, stress and the dimensional accuracy of part are detected on one, and full side can be carried out to powdering formula increasing material manufacturing process
The detection of position, improve the reliability of part quality.
(7) present invention only needs to give existing powdering formula increasing material manufacturing equipment the i.e. achievable detection function of simple transformation,
Operation and maintenance cost are low.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 (a), Fig. 2 (b) are the arrangement schematic diagram popped one's head in shown in Fig. 1 in powdering quality detection module 2.
Fig. 3 is the embodiment schematic diagram of composition detection module 3 shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is another structure composition and embodiment schematic diagram of composition detection module 3 shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 (a), Fig. 5 (b) are the arrangement schematic diagram of the top composition detection module 3 of forming cavity 9 in Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 (a), Fig. 6 (b) are the mounting arrangement schematic diagram of all kinds of probes or detection module at the top of forming cavity 9 in Fig. 1.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and Examples
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in each embodiment of invention described below
Conflict can is not formed each other to be mutually combined.
The present invention provides a kind of powdering quality, the composition of part, defect, change during being applied to powdering formula increasing material manufacturing
The online lossless detection method and device of shape, stress and dimensional accuracy.
Wherein, the equipment includes powdering quality detection, composition detection, defects detection, deformation detection, stress mornitoring and size
Six modules of accuracy detection, this six modules are integrated in same CPU, and the CPU is to the letter that collects
Number carry out in real time handle and feed back.In the process of powdering formula increasing material manufacturing, above-mentioned six kinds of modules are arranged on increasing material manufacturing
Forming cavity top is equipped, and coaxial or paraxonic relation is kept with high energy beam generating means, to shaped region in process
Powdering quality, composition, molten bath defect, the deformation quantity of every layer of part, stress and dimensional accuracy are measured in real time, after Treatment Analysis
By the feedback regulation of technological data bank, the whole process supervision to powdering formula increasing material manufacturing process is realized, ensures the shaping of part
Quality, rate of reducing the number of rejects and seconds.After machining, detection module can be taken out, be equipped applied to remaining powdering formula increasing material manufacturing, spirit
Activity is higher.In addition, it is not interfere with each other between each detection module, you can single use, multiple can use, meet not of the same race again
Detection demand under class operating mode.
Powdering formula increasing material manufacturing process powdering quality, and the composition of part, defect, deformation, stress are directed to using above-mentioned
Equipped with the on-line checking of dimensional accuracy, its detection process comprises the following steps:
(1) by powdering quality detection module, composition detection module, defects detection module, deformation detection module, stress mornitoring
Module, dimensional accuracy detection module are mounted on powdering formula increasing material manufacturing equipment shaping top of chamber, and whether detection device is in
Normal operating conditions；
(2) in the case where carrying out the precondition of early-stage preparations of powdering formula increasing material manufacturing shaping, parts to be processed is selected
Area melt or sintering, using powdering quality detection module, composition detection module, defects detection module, deformation detection module, should
Power detection module and dimensional accuracy detection module respectively to the powdering quality in process, the composition of part, defect, deformation,
Stress and dimensional accuracy carry out on-line checking；
(3) detection information of the 2nd step is sent into CPU to be handled and analyzed, if meeting that processing will
Ask, then continue powdering, carry out next layer of fusing or sintering；If can not meet to require, then by adjusting technological parameter to processing
Process is adjusted or equipment stops, process finishing.
As shown in figure 1, shape of embodiment of the present invention device includes powdering quality detection module 2, composition detection module 3, defect
Detection module 4, deformation detection module 5, stress mornitoring module 6 and dimensional accuracy detection module 7, six modules be integrated in it is same in
In Central Processing Unit 1, by the control of the CPU 1, CPU 1 is additionally operable to receive the collection number of six modules
Analyzed and processed according to and to the data of collection, six detection modules and CPU 1 collectively form on-line checking equipment.
In Fig. 1, on-line measuring device of the invention is applied in two-way powder laying formula increasing material manufacturing equipment, two-way powder laying formula
Increasing material manufacturing equipment includes high energy beam generation and control module 8, forming cavity 9, power spreading device 12, formation cylinder 11, first, second
The powder recovering device 13,13 ' of dust feeder 10,10 ', first, second and CPU 1 etc..First, second dust feeder
10th, 10 ', first, second powder recovering device 13,13 ' is located at the both sides of formation cylinder 11 respectively, realizes that two-way powder feeding and powder return
Receive.Power spreading device 12 is located at the top of formation cylinder 11.
In on-line measuring device of the present invention, the probe used in powdering quality detection module 2 can be configuration amasthenic lens
Industrial camera, high-resolution camera, high speed camera etc.；The probe used in composition detection module 3 includes laser-induced breakdown light
Compose (LIBS) probe, Laser induced plasma spectroscopy (LIPS) probe, infrared spectrum probe etc.；Defects detection module 4 uses
Probe include high-speed camera probe, infrared temperature probe, X ray probe, infrared thermal imagery instrument probe, laser interferometer, ultrasound
Probe, infrared sensor probe etc.；The probe used in deformation detection module 5 includes ultrasonic probe, three-dimensional optical deformeter, swashed
Light-ultrasonic probe etc.；The probe used in stress mornitoring module 6 includes X ray stress detecting probe, ultrasonic probe etc.；Size
The probe used in accuracy detection module 7 can be laser range finder probe, CCD size probes, size visual sensing probe etc..
Because the region of single probe collection is limited, according to the size in part forming region, each detection module is by one to some probes
Form.
Fig. 2 (a), Fig. 2 (b) are the arrangement schematic diagram popped one's head in powdering quality detection module 2, as shown in Fig. 2 powdering quality
Detection probe 14 is by different array arrangements composition powdering quality detection module 2.In Fig. 2 (a), powdering quality detection probe 14 is in side
Configuration arranges, in Fig. 2 (b), the 14 rounded arrangement of powdering quality detection probe.In addition, all kinds of probes can by rectangle, circumferential or
Other any form of arrays of person are arranged to adapt to the forming requirements of different shape or size parts.
High energy beam occur and control module 8, powdering quality detection module 2, composition detection module 3, defects detection module 4,
Deformation detection module 5, stress mornitoring module 6 and dimensional accuracy detection module 7 are located at the top of powdering formula increasing material manufacturing forming cavity 9,
All detection modules can occur as needed with high energy beam and control module 8 keeps coaxial state, can also be according to shaping zero
The detections such as the shape or size of part need to carry out paraxonic design.
Exemplified by being detected using molten bath detection to molten bath defect, due to detection module and the surface distance of formation cylinder 11
Farther out, the optical signal of small molten bath reflection is weaker, need to carry out defects detection using the method in light path coupling tracking molten bath.Therefore need
The probe and the light path of high energy beam generation and control module 8 for ensureing each detection module are in coaxial state all the time, increase material process
The flashlight in middle molten bath could be collected, and be same shaft detection.
And use composition detection module to be detected to increasing material manufacturing process metal ingredient then and detected for paraxonic, detection module
Effective object can be high energy beam effect current layer molten bath may also be the formed region of current layer.Fig. 3 be Fig. 1 shown in into
Divide the embodiment schematic diagram of detection module 3, as shown in figure 3, being moved with the composition detection module 3 of infrared spectrum formula to current layer
Exemplified by molten bath carries out composition detection, the high energy beam that high energy beam module 8 excites forms molten bath 15, and infrared spectrum detection module 16 is real-time
Molten bath is tracked, its optical signal, which is acquired, can realize composition on-line checking.
Fig. 4 is another structure composition and embodiment schematic diagram of composition detection module 3 shown in Fig. 1, such as Fig. 4 institutes
Show, exemplified by carrying out composition detection to the formed region of current layer using LIBS detection modules, to ensure the accurate of composition detection
Property, single region can be carried out to profiled surface according to actual conditions or multizone gathers, the laser beam that laser 17 inspires is passed
Deliver to fiber optic splitter 18 be divided into all the way, two tunnels even multichannel (in figure by taking 3 tunnels as an example), the connection of each end of branch optical fiber 19
There are LIBS probes 21.For convenience of the position of the collection of adjustment LIBS probes 21, make pickup area coverage bigger, at each
The top of LIBS probes 21 configures an omnibearing stereo knob 20.Each LIBS probes 21 pop one's head in and collected son by exciton
Probe composition, laser beam 23 are emitted through the transmission window 25 set in forming cavity 9 to the table of shaped region 22 by exciton probe
Face, the optical signal 24 inspired are closed to transmit to spectrometer 27 after beam and carried out again by collecting sub- probe collection to optical-fiber bundling device 26
Treatment Analysis.
Fig. 5 (a), Fig. 5 (b) are the arrangement schematic diagram of composition detection module 3., can be according to part forming as shown in Fig. 5 (a)
The size in region is by composition detection module 3 by array arrangement at the top of forming cavity 9.As shown in Fig. 5 (b), composition detection module 3 is pressed
Circular arrangement is at the top of forming cavity 9.In addition, the detection module of all kinds of paraxonics collection can be by rectangle, circumferential or other are any
The array arrangement of form is to adapt to the forming requirements of different shape or size parts.The phase of acquisition window 25 of all detection modules
Similar, here is omitted.
And when shaping the part of large scale high request, for the spy in powdering formula increasing material manufacturing part the cannot-harm-detection device
Even hundred kinds of up to tens of kinds of head, type of modules and quantity, in view of the region of powdering formula increasing material manufacturing equipment shaping top of chamber has
Limit, it is therefore desirable to expanded to free space.
Fig. 6 (a), Fig. 6 (b) are the mounting arrangement schematic diagram of all kinds of probes or detection module at the top of forming cavity 9.Such as Fig. 6
(a) shown in, all kinds of probes or all kinds of detection modules 28 can be arranged on from the movement that X is formed to leading screw 29 and Y-direction screw mandrel 30 and put down
On platform, this leading screw is installed on the top of forming cavity 9, made by controlling XY ball-screws mobile platform to move all kinds of probes and module
It covers whole processing plane.
In addition, as shown in Fig. 6 (b), all kinds of probes or detection module 28 can be also arranged on to circumferential ring around mobile flat
On platform 31, each probe and detection module is set to reach any region on forming cavity top.For convenience of collection signal transmission with
And the observation of collection position, it can will be changed to glass material at the top of forming cavity.Detection probe and module may be mounted at except XY is rolled
On any form of two and three dimensions mobile platform beyond ballscrew and circular slide rail, to adapt to different shape, size parts
Forming requirements.
In addition, when using the powdering formula increasing material manufacturing method using laser as thermal source to process part, the table of its formation of parts
Face precision is better than the powdering formula increasing material manufacturing using electron beam and plasma as thermal source, therefore may be selected not use dimensional accuracy
Detection module；During the metal parts that oxidation and cracking easily occurs when forming said alloy is this, then have to its process
Using powdering quality, composition, deformation, stress mornitoring module, remaining module is then organically selected according to the requirement of part
Select.To sum up, can be according to the actual requirements selectively to powdering quality in forming process, Yi Jiling in the production status of reality
One or several technical indicators in the composition of part, defect, deformation, stress, dimensional accuracy are detected, and realize that the equipment detects
The flexible collocation of module.
During powdering formula increasing material manufacturing, to the composition of its powdering quality and part, defect, deformation, stress, size essence
What degree was detected comprises the following steps that：
(1) in the top of shaped cavity 9 installation powdering quality detection module 2, composition detection module 3, defects detection module
4th, deformation detection module 5, stress mornitoring module 6 and dimensional accuracy detection module 7, ensure that testing equipment is in normal work shape
State.
(2) forming board and leveling are installed in formation cylinder 11, then power spreading device 12 is installed, sent first, second
Powder device 10, the 10 ' middle metals for loading drying, nonmetallic or metal and nonmetallic mixed-powder.
(3) air in forming cavity 9 is replaced as protective gas, treats that atmosphere displacement is completed, entered according to three-dimensional entity model
Row layering processing.
(4) after first layer powdering terminates, powdering quality detection module 2 can detect to powdering quality, the figure of collection
Piece information reaches CPU 1, if finding defect, then powdering again, if qualified, then start first layer laser and sweep
Retouch.
(5) high energy beam occur and control module 8 in the high energy beam that sends when carrying out first of scanning, defects detection module 4
Real-time tracking can be carried out to scanning formed molten bath 15, collection weld pool resonance is transmitted to CPU 1, after analyzing and processing
It is compared with the database information of the inside of CPU 1, if exception occurs, then can processes stopping or to processed
Cheng Jinhang process adjustments；If normal then processing continues；
(6) before first layer process finishing, composition detection module 3 carries out constituency component collection to formed region 22, passes
CPU 1 is transported to, is determined if differing setting with original amount after analyzing and processing, or difference is too big, then can process stopping
Or technique adjustment is carried out to process；If normal then processing continues.
(7) at the end of first layer, deformation detection module 5 can be acquired to current layer parts profile, and real with three-dimensional
Body section size is compared, if within the range of permission, then processing continues；If difference is excessive or difference is big
In setting value, then it can process stopping or process adjustments are carried out to process.Meanwhile stress mornitoring module 6 and dimensional accuracy
Detection module 7 can carry out signal collection and analysis to current layer, and in the event of exception, detection device automatically adjusts technological parameter
Processing is set to continue or stop processing.
(8) each layer repeats (4)-(7) in process, until part machines.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, all any modification, equivalent and improvement made within the spirit and principles of the invention etc., all should be included
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. quality nondestructive on-line tester suitable for powdering formula increasing material manufacturing, it is characterised in that the quality it is lossless Line detector is integrally provided in above the forming cavity of powdering formula increasing material manufacturing equipment, for carrying out powdering quality detection, composition Detection, defects detection, deformation detection, stress mornitoring and dimensional accuracy detection；The device includes powdering quality detection module (2), composition detection module (3), defects detection module (4), deformation detection mould Block (5), stress mornitoring module (6), dimensional accuracy detection module (7) and CPU (1), powdering quality detection module (2), composition detection module (3), defects detection module (4), deformation detection module (5), stress mornitoring module (6) and dimensional accuracy Detection module (7) is connected with CPU (1) signal；CPU (1) is used to receive the gathered data of six modules and the data of collection is analyzed and processed, and analyzes The powdering that the data that processing obtains are used to judge whether to need to continue next layer is processed.
- 2. a kind of quality nondestructive on-line tester suitable for powdering formula increasing material manufacturing as claimed in claim 1, its feature It is, the probe used in powdering quality detection module (2) is selected from high-resolution camera, high speed camera, the work for configuring amasthenic lens Industry camera；The probe used in composition detection module (3) is selected from LIBS probe, Laser induced plasma spectroscopy Probe and infrared spectrum probe；The probe that defects detection module (4) uses is selected from high-speed camera probe, infrared temperature probe, X ray probe, infrared thermal imagery Instrument probe, laser interferometer, ultrasonic probe, infrared sensor probe；The probe used in deformation detection module (5) is selected from ultrasonic probe, three-dimensional optical deformeter, Laser-Ultrasonic probe；The probe used in stress mornitoring module (6) is selected from X ray stress detecting probe, ultrasonic probe；The probe used in dimensional accuracy detection module (7) is selected from laser ranging instrument probe, CCD size probes, size vision and passed Sense probe.
- 3. a kind of quality nondestructive on-line tester suitable for powdering formula increasing material manufacturing as claimed in claim 2, its feature It is, powdering quality detection module (2), composition detection module (3), defects detection module (4), deformation detection module (5), stress Detection module (6) and dimensional accuracy detection module (7) are formed by least one probe, to adapt to the shape of parts to be processed And carry out comprehensive detection.
- 4. a kind of quality nondestructive on-line tester suitable for powdering formula increasing material manufacturing as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is special Sign is that powdering quality detection module (2), composition detection module (3), defects detection module (4), deformation detection module (5) should At least one module includes multiple probes in power detection module (6) and dimensional accuracy detection module (7), and multiple probes are in square formation formula Arrangement, rectangular arranged or rounded arrangement, to adapt to the forming requirements of different shape or size parts.
- 5. a kind of quality nondestructive on-line tester suitable for powdering formula increasing material manufacturing as claimed in claim 3, its feature It is, powdering quality detection module (2), composition detection module (3), defects detection module (4), deformation detection module (5), stress Detection module (6) and dimensional accuracy detection module (7) are located at forming cavity (9) top of powdering formula increasing material manufacturing equipment, powdering formula Increasing material manufacturing equipment also includes high energy beam generation and control module (8), and all detection modules occur with high energy beam and control module (8) coaxial position, or paraxonic position are kept.
- 6. a kind of quality nondestructive on-line tester suitable for powdering formula increasing material manufacturing as claimed in claim 4, its feature It is, various probes or various detection modules are arranged on the mobile platform formed from X to leading screw (29) and Y-direction screw mandrel (30), Mobile platform is installed at the top of forming cavity (9), during work, by controlling the movement of X, Y leading screw so as to mobile all kinds of probes or each Kind module, so that the whole processing plane of its covering.
- 7. a kind of quality nondestructive on-line tester suitable for powdering formula increasing material manufacturing as claimed in claim 4, its feature It is, all kinds of probes or various detection modules are arranged on circumferential ring on mobile platform (31), can make all kinds of probes and various Detection module reaches any region on forming cavity top.
- 8. a kind of quality nondestructive on-line tester suitable for powdering formula increasing material manufacturing as described in claim 6 or 7, its It is characterised by, material is transparent at the top of forming cavity.
- It is 9. a kind of using the method detected such as one of claim 1-8 described device, it is characterised in that it includes following step Suddenly：(1) by powdering quality detection module, composition detection module, defects detection module, deformation detection module, stress mornitoring mould Block, dimensional accuracy detection module are installed on above powdering formula increasing material manufacturing equipment forming cavity, check debugging, to ensure that it is in just Normal working condition；(2) early-stage preparations of powdering formula increasing material manufacturing shaping are completed, selective melting or sintering are carried out to parts to be processed, used Powdering quality detection module, composition detection module, defects detection module, deformation detection module, stress mornitoring module and size essence Detection module is spent respectively to carry out the powdering quality in process, the composition of part, defect, deformation, stress and dimensional accuracy On-line checking；(3) detection information of (2) step is sent into CPU to be handled and analyzed, if analysis result shows that it is full The requirement set enough, then continue powdering, carry out next layer of fusing or sintering；If the requirement of setting can not be met, then pass through tune Section technological parameter is adjusted or terminated processing to process.
- 10. method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that it comprises the following steps：(1) in the top of shaped cavity 9 installation powdering quality detection module (2), composition detection module (3), defects detection module (4), deformation detection module (5), stress mornitoring module (6) and dimensional accuracy detection module (7), ensure that detection module is in normal Working condition；(2) forming board and leveling are installed in formation cylinder (11), power spreading device (12) is then installed, sent first, second Load the metal, nonmetallic or metal and nonmetallic mixed-powder of drying in powder device (10), (10 ')；(3) air in forming cavity (9) is replaced as protective gas, treats that atmosphere displacement is completed, carried out according to three-dimensional entity model Layering processing；(4) first layer powdering is carried out, after first layer powdering terminates, powdering quality detection module (2) is examined to powdering quality Survey, the pictorial information of collection reaches CPU (1), if finding defect, then powdering again, if qualified, then starts First layer laser scanning；(5) high energy beam occur and control module (8) in the high energy beam that sends carry out the first passage scanning, it is same in the scanning of the first passage When, defects detection module (4) carries out real-time tracking to scanning formed molten bath, and collection weld pool resonance is transmitted to central processing list First (1), be compared with the database information inside CPU (1) after analyzing and processing, if judge to occur it is abnormal, then Processing stops or carries out process adjustments to process；If normal then processing continues；(6) before first layer process finishing, composition detection module (3) carries out constituency component collection to formed region, will gather As a result transmit to CPU (1), if analysis result differs by more than arranges value, processing stopping or right with original amount Process carries out technique adjustment；If normal then processing continues；(7) after first layer process finishing, deformation detection module (5) is acquired to current layer parts profile, and real with three-dimensional Body section size is compared, if dimensional discrepancy is within the range of permission, then processing continues；Set if difference is more than Definite value, then it can process stopping or process adjustments are carried out to process,Meanwhile stress mornitoring module (6) and dimensional accuracy detection module (7) can carry out signal collection and analysis to current layer, If exception occurs for result, regulation technological parameter makes processing continue or stop processing；(8) repeat step (4)-(7), until part machines.
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