CN113145864A - 4D printing device of titanium-nickel shape memory alloy and component regulation and control method thereof - Google Patents

4D printing device of titanium-nickel shape memory alloy and component regulation and control method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113145864A
CN113145864A CN202011541829.4A CN202011541829A CN113145864A CN 113145864 A CN113145864 A CN 113145864A CN 202011541829 A CN202011541829 A CN 202011541829A CN 113145864 A CN113145864 A CN 113145864A
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titanium
powder
nickel
laser
power value
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杨永强
刘林青
肖云绵
宋长辉
王迪
张滨
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Guangzhou Leijia Technology Co ltd
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Guangzhou Leijia Technology Co ltd
South China University of Technology SCUT
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y50/02Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a 4D printing device of a titanium-nickel shape memory alloy and a component regulation and control method thereof; the device comprises an industrial personal computer, a fiber laser, a collimation and focusing assembly, a beam splitter, a laser input energy real-time monitor and an LIBS element detection assembly. Activating titanium-nickel alloy powder with the particle size of 15-53 mu m in a discharge plasma assisted high-energy ball mill, and then metallurgically combining the activated titanium-nickel alloy powder with nano-grade zirconium powder with the particle size of 200-800 nm to obtain modified mixed powder serving as raw material powder for 4D printing forming; then adding the modified powder into selective laser melting forming equipment for forming, and dividing part of laser beams into a laser input energy real-time monitor through a beam splitter in the forming process to ensure the consistency of laser power in the selective laser melting process; and simultaneously, performing element nondestructive analysis monitoring on the printing forming layer, identifying the structural data of the titanium-nickel memory alloy variant, adaptively matching a process database, and realizing 4D printing regulation and forming with no crack on the surface of the titanium-nickel shape memory alloy and excellent performance.

Description

4D printing device of titanium-nickel shape memory alloy and component regulation and control method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a 4D printing device of a titanium-nickel shape memory alloy and a component regulating and controlling method thereof.
Background
Titanium-nickel shape memory alloys are the earliest developed memory alloys, have received extensive attention from the material science and engineering community due to their excellent memory effect, stable performance, and good biocompatibility, and have been widely used in the fields of consumer products, industrial applications (intelligent structures and composite materials), automobiles, aerospace, micro-actuators and micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), robotics, biomedicine, and the like.
For the formed titanium-nickel alloy, the introduction and the component segregation of impurity elements such as C, O are easily caused by the traditional fusion casting method and the powder metallurgy process, and the structure with a complex shape is difficult to form. Meanwhile, due to the super-elastic property of the titanium-nickel alloy, the cutter is easy to be seriously abraded in the subsequent machining process.
The problems in the aspects limit the popularization and application of the method in other fields. In order to solve the above problems, researchers are required to continuously develop and explore new preparation processes.
The Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technique is a metal additive manufacturing technique that utilizes metal powder to be completely melted under the heat action of laser beam and formed by cooling and solidifying.
Compared with the traditional method, the SLM technology has the advantages that the prepared sample has higher dimensional precision, and can process parts with complex shapes which cannot be processed by the traditional method. However, most of the titanium-nickel shape memory alloys printed by the SLM have cracks, the mechanical property and the using effect of the titanium-nickel shape memory alloys are seriously influenced, and the application of the titanium-nickel shape memory alloys printed by the 4D printer is limited. And the tiny change of the atomic ratio (Ni/Ti ratio) between Ni element and Ti element in the nickel-titanium alloy can cause great influence on the phase transition temperature of the nickel-titanium alloy (even the change of 0.1 percent Ni content can cause the phase transition temperature to change by about 10 ℃), and the key of the technology is how to prepare the titanium-nickel shape memory alloy which has no crack and can monitor the Ti/Ni ratio of a formed part in real time and realize the quality-controllable 4D printing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art and provides a 4D printing device of a titanium-nickel shape memory alloy and a component regulating method thereof. According to the method, modified titanium-nickel alloy powder with the grain size of 15-53 microns, which is added with 2-5% of nanoscale zirconium powder in mass percentage, is used as forming raw material metal powder, and in the selective laser melting forming process, a beam splitter divides part of laser beams into a laser input energy real-time monitoring system, so that the consistency of laser power in the printing process is ensured. And meanwhile, the printing forming layer is subjected to nondestructive analysis and monitoring, the structural data of the titanium-nickel memory alloy variant is identified, a process database is matched, deformation, defect identification, positioning and reconstruction are realized, the Ni/Ti ratio self-adaptive characteristic process parameter regulation and control intelligent printing of the nickel-titanium alloy is accurately regulated and controlled, and the quality of the titanium-nickel shape memory alloy 4D printing component is stably improved.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a titanium nickel shape memory alloy's 4D printing device, includes shaping storehouse, collimating mirror 3, focusing mirror 4, high-speed scanning galvanometer 7 and industrial computer 1, its characterized in that: the 4D printing device also comprises a beam splitter 5, a laser input energy real-time monitor 6 and a LIBS element nondestructive detector 9;
the beam splitter 5 is arranged on a laser light path between the focusing mirror 4 and the high-speed scanning galvanometer 7; the beam splitter 5 is used for distributing a part of laser on a laser path to the laser input energy real-time monitor 6, namely the laser input energy real-time monitor 6 collects the current laser power value through the beam splitter 5 and transmits the current laser power value to the industrial personal computer 1, the current laser power value is compared with the preset laser power value in the forming process, and fine tuning correction is carried out when the current laser power value exceeds the preset laser power value by 1-2.5%;
the LIBS element nondestructive detector 9 is used for carrying out element nondestructive detection on the formed entity area A melted in the laser selection area, transmitting element nondestructive detection data to the industrial personal computer 1, and feeding back the element content measured value to the process database to adaptively adjust and control process parameters by the industrial personal computer 1 if the element content measured value deviates from the range of 0.3% -0.8%.
A light transmission window 8 is formed in the side wall of the forming bin, and the light transmission window 8 is a sealed transparent substrate; the LIBS element nondestructive detector 9 is located on the side of the light transmission window 8.
The LIBS (laser induced breakdown spectroscopy) element nondestructive detector 9 is a four-channel or eight-channel fiber spectrometer, has a wavelength range of 190-1060nm and an average spectral resolution of 0.08-0.22nm, and mainly detects and displays four elements of Ti, Ni, Zr and O of a formed titanium-nickel alloy part; the LIBS element nondestructive detector 9 detects the angle covering the whole forming working face.
Activating titanium-nickel alloy powder with the particle size of 15-53 mu m in a discharge plasma assisted ball mill, and then metallurgically combining the activated titanium-nickel alloy powder with nano-grade zirconium powder with the particle size of 200-800 nm to obtain modified mixed powder serving as raw material powder for 4D printing forming; then adding the modified powder into selective laser melting forming equipment for forming, dividing part of laser beams into a real-time laser input energy monitor through a beam splitter, and ensuring the consistency of laser power in the selective laser melting process; and simultaneously, performing element nondestructive analysis and monitoring on the printing forming layer, identifying the structural data of the titanium-nickel memory alloy variant, adaptively matching a process database, and realizing 4D printing regulation and forming with no crack on the surface of the titanium-nickel shape memory alloy, uniform tissue and high compactness.
The 4D printing device further comprises a powder recycling and blanking port 10, a powder cylinder 12 and a flexible powder spreading mechanism 13.
A quality stability regulation and control method for a 4D printing component comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: according to the attribute requirements of the part, data processing is carried out on a data model of the part, and the data are led into a selective laser melting and forming system;
step two: adding the modified titanium-nickel alloy mixed powder into a forming cylinder 11, setting initial optimized process parameters, introducing inert protective gas, evacuating oxygen in a forming chamber, keeping the oxygen content below 100ppm in the whole forming process, and starting processing;
step three: in the selective laser melting and forming process, a laser input energy real-time monitor 6 collects the current laser power value through a beam splitter 5 and transmits the current laser power value to an industrial personal computer 1, the current laser power value is compared with the preset laser power value in the forming process, when the current laser power value is within the range of 1% -2.5% of the preset laser power value, the processing operation is continued, and if the current laser power value is out of the range of 1% -2.5% of the preset laser power value, fine adjustment correction is carried out;
the LIBS element nondestructive detector 9 is used for carrying out element nondestructive detection on the formed entity area A melted in the laser selection area, transmitting element nondestructive detection data to the industrial personal computer 1, and continuously processing the next layer if the measured value of the element content is within the range of 0.3% -0.8%; if the element content measured value is out of the range of 0.3% -0.8%, the industrial personal computer 1 feeds back the element content measured value to the process database to adaptively match and adjust the process parameters, and then the next layer is processed;
step four: and repeating the third step until the whole part is processed, thereby obtaining the titanium-nickel shape memory alloy part with stable quality.
The modified titanium-nickel alloy mixed powder is obtained by metallurgically combining titanium-nickel shape memory alloy powder with the particle size of 15-53 mu m and nano-grade zirconium powder with the particle size of 200-800 nm;
the metallurgical bonding process comprises the following steps: activating the titanium-nickel shape memory alloy powder in a discharge plasma assisted ball mill, and then metallurgically combining the titanium-nickel shape memory alloy powder with nano-grade zirconium powder of 200-800 nm to obtain modified titanium-nickel alloy mixed powder.
The mass fraction of the nano-grade zirconium powder is 2-5%.
The metallurgical bonding discharge treatment conditions are as follows: the voltage is 110-130V, the current is 1-2A, the electrode rotating speed is 500-1000 r/min, the duration time of discharge treatment is 1.0-5 h, the discharge treatment frequency is 3-5 times, and the interval between two adjacent discharge treatments is 0.5-1 h; the whole treatment process is carried out in an argon atmosphere.
The selective laser melting operation parameters are as follows: the laser power is 160-; the scanning strategy adopts an orthogonal fault scanning strategy.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
1. the titanium-nickel alloy powder added with zirconium element is used as a forming material, and the zirconium element promotes the precipitation of second phases such as Ti2Ni and the like, thereby inhibiting the growth of crystal grains and refining the crystal grains. The average grain size of the part is smaller, the number of grain boundaries in unit volume is larger, more grain boundaries need to be penetrated by crack propagation, and the effects of inhibiting the generation and propagation of cracks are achieved.
2. Meanwhile, the addition of the zirconium element improves the restoring force of the titanium-nickel memory alloy, and the principle is that with the addition of more zirconium, the bonding force between atoms is increased, the strength of the alloy is improved, the yield strength of martensite is correspondingly improved, and the mechanical property is better.
3. By utilizing the special equipment, the consistency of laser input energy is controlled in a closed loop manner in the selective laser melting and forming process, and the accurate controllability of key technical parameters (such as laser energy input, spot size, scanning parameters and the like) in the titanium-nickel memory alloy printing process is realized.
4. And performing element nondestructive analysis and monitoring on the printing forming layer, identifying the structural component data of the titanium-nickel memory alloy variant, and combining a matched process database to realize deformation, defect identification, positioning and reconstruction and precise regulation of Ni/Ti ratio adaptive characteristic process parameter regulation and intelligent printing of the nickel-titanium alloy.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a 4D printing apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a 4D regulated printing operation of the Ti-Ni shape memory alloy.
FIG. 1 illustrates in numbered detail: the device comprises an industrial personal computer 1, a fiber laser 2, a collimating mirror 3, a focusing mirror 4, a beam splitter 5, a laser input energy real-time monitor 6, a high-speed scanning galvanometer 7, a light transmission window 8, a LIBS element nondestructive detector 9, a powder recovery blanking port 10, a forming cylinder 11, a powder cylinder 12 and a flexible powder laying mechanism 13; the A-laser selective melting of the formed entity, the B-laser selective melting of the forming area.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1-2. The invention discloses a 4D printing device of a titanium-nickel shape memory alloy, which comprises a forming bin, a collimating mirror 3, a focusing mirror 4, a high-speed scanning galvanometer 7 and an industrial personal computer 1, wherein the 4D printing device also comprises a beam splitter 5, a laser input energy real-time monitor 6 and a LIBS element nondestructive detector 9;
the beam splitter 5 is arranged on a laser light path between the focusing mirror 4 and the high-speed scanning galvanometer 7; the beam splitter 5 is used for distributing a part of laser on a laser path to the laser input energy real-time monitor 6, namely the laser input energy real-time monitor 6 collects the current laser power value through the beam splitter 5 and transmits the current laser power value to the industrial personal computer 1, the current laser power value is compared with the preset laser power value in the forming process, and fine tuning correction is carried out when the current laser power value exceeds the preset laser power value by 1-2.5%;
the LIBS element nondestructive detector 9 is used for carrying out element nondestructive detection on the formed entity area A melted in the laser selection area, transmitting element nondestructive detection data to the industrial personal computer 1, and feeding back the element content measured value to the process database to adaptively adjust and control process parameters by the industrial personal computer 1 if the element content measured value deviates from the range of 0.3% -0.8%.
A light transmission window 8 is formed in the side wall of the forming bin, and the light transmission window 8 is a sealed transparent substrate; the LIBS element nondestructive detector 9 is located on the side of the light transmission window 8.
The LIBS (laser induced breakdown spectroscopy) element nondestructive detector 9 is a four-channel or eight-channel fiber spectrometer, has a wavelength range of 190-1060nm and an average spectral resolution of 0.08-0.22nm, and mainly detects and displays four elements of Ti, Ni, Zr and O of a formed titanium-nickel alloy part; the LIBS element nondestructive detector 9 detects the angle covering the whole forming working face.
The 4D printing device further comprises a powder recycling and blanking port 10, a powder cylinder 12 and a flexible powder spreading mechanism 13.
Activating titanium-nickel alloy powder with the particle size of 15-53 mu m in a discharge plasma assisted ball mill, and then metallurgically combining the activated titanium-nickel alloy powder with nano-grade zirconium powder with the particle size of 200-800 nm to obtain modified mixed powder serving as raw material powder for 4D printing forming; then adding the modified powder into selective laser melting forming equipment for forming, dividing part of laser beams into a real-time laser input energy monitor through a beam splitter, and ensuring the consistency of laser power in the selective laser melting process; and simultaneously, performing element nondestructive analysis monitoring on the printing forming layer, identifying the structural data of the titanium-nickel memory alloy variant, adaptively matching a process database, and realizing 4D printing regulation and forming with no crack on the surface of the titanium-nickel shape memory alloy and excellent performance.
A quality stability regulation and control method for a 4D printing component comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: according to the attribute requirements of the part, data processing is carried out on a data model of the part, and the data are led into a selective laser melting and forming system;
step two: adding the modified titanium-nickel alloy mixed powder into a forming cylinder 11, setting initial optimized process parameters, introducing inert protective gas, evacuating oxygen in a forming chamber, keeping the oxygen content below 100ppm in the whole forming process, and starting processing;
step three: in the selective laser melting and forming process, a laser input energy real-time monitor 6 collects the current laser power value through a beam splitter 5 and transmits the current laser power value to an industrial personal computer 1, the current laser power value is compared with the preset laser power value in the forming process, when the current laser power value is within the range of 1% -2.5% of the preset laser power value, the processing operation is continued, and if the current laser power value is out of the range of 1% -2.5% of the preset laser power value, fine adjustment correction is carried out;
the LIBS element nondestructive detector 9 is used for carrying out element nondestructive detection on the formed entity area A melted in the laser selection area, transmitting element nondestructive detection data to the industrial personal computer 1, and continuously processing the next layer if the measured value of the element content is within the range of 0.3% -0.8%; if the element content measured value is out of the range of 0.3% -0.8%, the industrial personal computer 1 feeds back the element content measured value to the process database to adaptively match and adjust the process parameters, and then the next layer is processed;
step four: and repeating the third step until the whole part is processed, thereby obtaining the titanium-nickel shape memory alloy part with stable quality.
The modified titanium-nickel alloy mixed powder is obtained by metallurgically combining titanium-nickel shape memory alloy powder with the particle size of 15-53 mu m and nano-grade zirconium powder with the particle size of 200-800 nm;
the metallurgical bonding process comprises the following steps: activating the titanium-nickel shape memory alloy powder in a discharge plasma assisted ball mill, and then metallurgically combining the titanium-nickel shape memory alloy powder with nano-grade zirconium powder of 200-800 nm to obtain modified titanium-nickel alloy mixed powder.
The mass fraction of the added nano-level zirconium powder is 2.5 percent.
The discharge treatment conditions for promoting the activation of the powder activity are as follows: the voltage is 110V, the current is 1.2A, the electrode rotating speed is 1000r/min, the duration of the discharge treatment is 1.5h, the discharge treatment times are three times, and the interval between two adjacent discharge treatments is 0.5 h.
The discharge treatment conditions of the powder metallurgical bonding are as follows: adding ball milling medium, voltage 120V, current 1.6A, electrode rotation speed 600r/min, discharge treatment duration of 4h, discharge treatment times of four times, and interval between two adjacent discharge treatments of 0.5 h.
The optimized forming process parameters are the laser power of 160W, the scanning speed of 600mm/s, the scanning interval of 0.08mm and the powder layer thickness of 0.03 mm; the scanning strategy adopts an orthogonal fault scanning strategy.
The regulation and control scheme of the invention provides that the metallurgical bonding titanium-nickel alloy modified powder added with 2.5% of zirconium is used as a forming raw material, the laser input energy is monitored in real time to ensure the consistency of laser power in the printing process, the printing forming layer is subjected to nondestructive analysis and monitoring, the structural data of the titanium-nickel memory alloy variant is identified, and a process database is matched, so that the quality of the titanium-nickel shape memory alloy 4D printing component is improved.
As described above, the present invention can be preferably realized.
The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and they are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a titanium nickel shape memory alloy's 4D printing device, includes shaping storehouse, focusing mirror (4), high-speed scanning galvanometer (7) and industrial computer (1), its characterized in that: the 4D printing device further comprises a beam splitter (5), a laser input energy real-time monitor (6) and a LIBS element nondestructive detector (9);
the beam splitter (5) is arranged on a laser light path between the focusing mirror (4) and the high-speed scanning galvanometer (7); the beam splitter (5) is used for distributing a part of laser on a laser light path to the laser input energy real-time monitor (6), namely the laser input energy real-time monitor (6) collects the current laser power value through the beam splitter (5) and transmits the current laser power value to the industrial personal computer (1), the current laser power value is compared with the preset laser power value in the forming process, and fine tuning correction is carried out when the current laser power value exceeds the range of 1% -2.5% of the preset laser power value;
the LIBS element nondestructive detector (9) is used for carrying out element nondestructive detection on the formed entity area A melted in the laser selection area, transmitting element nondestructive detection data to the industrial personal computer (1), and feeding back the element content measured value to the process database to adaptively adjust and control process parameters by the industrial personal computer (1) if the element content measured value deviates from the range of 0.3% -0.8%.
2. The titanium-nickel shape memory alloy 4D printing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: a light transmission window (8) is formed in the side wall of the forming bin, and the light transmission window (8) is a sealed transparent substrate; the LIBS element nondestructive detector (9) is positioned at the side of the light transmission window (8).
3. The titanium-nickel shape memory alloy 4D printing apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the LIBS element nondestructive detector (9) is a four-channel or eight-channel fiber spectrometer, has a wavelength range of 190-1060nm and an average spectral resolution of 0.08-0.22nm, and mainly detects and displays four elements of Ti, Ni, Zr and O of the formed titanium-nickel alloy part; the LIBS element nondestructive detector (9) detects the angle to cover the whole forming operation surface.
4. The titanium-nickel shape memory alloy 4D printing apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the 4D printing device further comprises a powder recycling blanking port (10), a powder cylinder (12) and a flexible powder laying mechanism (13).
5. A quality stability control method for a 4D printing component is realized by adopting the 4D printing device of any one of claims 1 to 3, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: according to the attribute requirements of the part, data processing is carried out on a data model of the part, and the data are led into a selective laser melting and forming system;
step two: adding the modified titanium-nickel alloy mixed powder into a forming cylinder (11), setting initial optimized process parameters, introducing inert protective gas, evacuating oxygen in a forming chamber, keeping the oxygen content below 100ppm in the whole forming process, and starting processing;
step three: in the selective laser melting forming process, a laser input energy real-time monitor (6) collects the current laser power value through a beam splitter (5) and transmits the current laser power value to an industrial personal computer (1), and compares the current laser power value with the preset laser power value in the forming process, when the current laser power value is within the range of 1% -2.5% of the preset laser power value, the processing operation is continued, and if the current laser power value is out of the range of 1% -2.5% of the preset laser power value, fine tuning correction is carried out;
the LIBS element nondestructive detector (9) is used for carrying out element nondestructive detection on the formed entity area A melted in the laser selection area, transmitting element nondestructive detection data to the industrial personal computer (1), and continuously processing the next layer if the measured value of the element content is within the range of 0.3% -0.8%; if the measured value of the element content is out of the range of 0.3% -0.8%, the industrial personal computer (1) feeds back to the process database to adaptively match and adjust the process parameters, and then the next layer is processed;
step four: and repeating the third step until the whole part is processed, thereby obtaining the titanium-nickel shape memory alloy part with stable quality.
6. The quality stability control method of the 4D printing component according to claim 5, wherein the modified mixed powder of the titanium-nickel alloy is obtained by metallurgically combining 15-53 μm titanium-nickel shape memory alloy powder and 200-800 nm nano-grade zirconium powder;
the metallurgical bonding process comprises the following steps: activating the titanium-nickel shape memory alloy powder in a discharge plasma assisted high-energy ball mill, and then metallurgically combining the titanium-nickel shape memory alloy powder with nano-grade zirconium powder of 200-800 nm to obtain modified titanium-nickel alloy mixed powder.
7. The method for regulating and controlling the quality stability of the 4D printing component according to claim 6, wherein the mass fraction of the nanoscale zirconium powder is 2-5%.
8. The quality stability control method for the 4D printing component according to claim 7, wherein the metallurgical bonding discharge treatment conditions are as follows: the voltage is 110-130V, the current is 1-2A, the electrode rotating speed is 500-1000 r/min, the duration time of discharge treatment is 1.0-5 h, the discharge treatment frequency is 3-5 times, and the interval between two adjacent discharge treatments is 0.5-1 h; the whole treatment process is carried out in an argon atmosphere.
CN202011541829.4A 2020-12-23 2020-12-23 4D printing device of titanium-nickel shape memory alloy and component regulation and control method thereof Pending CN113145864A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113798511A (en) * 2021-08-19 2021-12-17 鞍钢股份有限公司 Double-laser lap joint calibration method based on SLM additive manufacturing technology
CN114535600A (en) * 2022-01-11 2022-05-27 天津大学 Method for optimizing CuAlNi memory alloy 4D printing process

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113798511A (en) * 2021-08-19 2021-12-17 鞍钢股份有限公司 Double-laser lap joint calibration method based on SLM additive manufacturing technology
CN113798511B (en) * 2021-08-19 2023-03-03 鞍钢股份有限公司 Double-laser lap joint calibration method based on SLM additive manufacturing technology
CN114535600A (en) * 2022-01-11 2022-05-27 天津大学 Method for optimizing CuAlNi memory alloy 4D printing process
CN114535600B (en) * 2022-01-11 2024-04-19 天津大学 CuAlNi memory alloy 4D printing process optimization method

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