CN111471991A - Laser semi-solid processing preparation method of high-toughness metal material, high-toughness metal material and application thereof - Google Patents
Laser semi-solid processing preparation method of high-toughness metal material, high-toughness metal material and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111471991A CN111471991A CN202010152974.7A CN202010152974A CN111471991A CN 111471991 A CN111471991 A CN 111471991A CN 202010152974 A CN202010152974 A CN 202010152974A CN 111471991 A CN111471991 A CN 111471991A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D10/00—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation
- C21D10/005—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation by laser shock processing
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal materials, and particularly relates to a laser semi-solid processing preparation method of a high-toughness metal material, the high-toughness metal material and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1. thermally cladding the 3D formed metal piece layer by layer through a first beam of continuous laser, and acquiring the temperature of a cladding layer in real time; 2. when the temperature of the cladding layer is reduced to a semi-solid region formed by the primary solid phase, the semi-solid cladding layer is subjected to mechanical interference through a second short pulse laser shock wave effect; 3. and (4) circularly acting the cladding layer by layer, and then naturally cooling until the 3D forming of the dual-scale/multi-scale composite structure metal component. The invention obtains the metal material with novel composite microstructure such as nano-crystalline, ultra-fine crystalline and fine crystalline dual-scale/multi-scale structure and excellent comprehensive performance, can be widely applied to the fields of high-speed railways, aerospace, military industry, instruments and meters and the like, and realizes the effective control of the macroscopic deformation and cracking problems of metal pieces.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal materials, and particularly relates to a laser semi-solid processing preparation method of a high-toughness metal material, the high-toughness metal material and application thereof.
Background
As a novel material preparation and processing technology, the laser technology is developed into a universal processing technology with multiple purposes from a processing technology with special purposes by virtue of the characteristics of single wavelength, strong anti-interference capability, good transmission, good light collection, high pressure, high temperature, high speed, high energy and the like which are unique to the laser technology. The laser preparation and surface strengthening technology which is easy to realize automation, such as 3D printing and impact strengthening based on laser thermal effect and laser shock wave mechanical effect, is particularly widely applied.
The 3D printing technology based on the laser thermal effect has the characteristics of complex forming structure, high forming precision and the like, and is one of the most promising application technologies for one-time integral forming of the current complex and precise metal components. However, since the forming process belongs to the actions of powder melting-cooling and free solidification, common basic problems such as 'single structure', 'quality defect', 'anisotropy', 'thermal stress' and the like often exist in the 3D forming part, so that the metal member cannot meet the strict requirements of high-end structural members on mechanical properties, and the complicated post-treatment process can regulate the structure and eliminate the internal stress and the defects, but the labor and the time are wasted, so that the cost is greatly increased.
In recent years, researches on a dual/multi-scale structure with coexisting multi-scale crystal grains such as nanocrystalline (less than 100nm), ultrafine crystal (100nm-1 mu m) or micron crystal (more than 1 mu m) are concerned, and the material can integrate the high strength of fine crystal and the high toughness of micron crystal. The semi-solid processing based on the casting technology is widely used for preparing a double-scale/multi-scale composite structure, namely, strong force is applied to break primary phase of dendritic crystal in the solidification process of a metal material to obtain mixed slurry in which primary solid phase of non-dendritic crystal is suspended in liquid mother liquid, so that the solid phase and the liquid phase present different growth modes, and further double-scale, grain refining, equiaxial crystallization, multi-scale and structure composite of the structure are realized. However, the semi-solid slurry is difficult to be applied to high-melting-point metal materials such as titanium alloy and nickel alloy due to the complicated preparation process.
In view of this, if the conventional semi-solid processing principle can be combined, the additive manufacturing of the dual-scale/multi-scale composite structure metal member is realized based on the novel semi-solid forming technology of the laser thermal-mechanical coupling effect, a gradient structure material which can meet the requirements of engineering application is successfully prepared, and the internal defects, the thermal stress and the like of the metal member are eliminated, so that the high strength and the high toughness are really achieved, and the method is a goal to be achieved urgently by technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a laser semi-solid processing preparation method of a high-toughness metal material, aiming at overcoming the defects in the prior art, the method can prepare and form the high-toughness metal material and parts thereof with larger size, complex shape and microstructure containing nano-crystalline, ultra-fine crystalline and fine crystalline double-scale, multi-scale and gradient structures, and solves the problems that the traditional semi-solid processing technology is difficult to prepare semi-solid slurry, obtain nano-crystalline, ultra-fine crystalline, double-scale or multi-scale structures, and the additive manufacturing technology is difficult to obtain high-compactness, no quality defect, no residual stress, multi-scale structure block materials and the like.
The invention also aims to provide the high-strength and high-toughness metal material prepared by the method.
The invention further aims to provide application of the high-strength and high-toughness metal material in the fields of high-speed railways, aerospace, war industry and instruments and meters.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a laser semi-solid processing preparation method of a high-toughness metal material comprises the following steps:
s1, continuously carrying out laser hot melting and metal powder coating;
carrying out hot melting on the metal powder through a first beam of continuous laser to form a cladding layer, and simultaneously obtaining the temperature of the cladding layer;
s2, pulse laser impact force acts on the semi-solid cladding layer;
when the temperature of the cladding layer is reduced to a semi-solid region formed by the primary solid phase, the semi-solid cladding layer is subjected to mechanical interference through the shock wave effect of the second short pulse laser; the semi-solid temperature zone formed by the primary solid phase is obtained by performing thermophysical analysis on the metal powder in the step S1;
in the process of mechanical interference on the semi-solid cladding layer, the intensity of laser used for hot cladding is adjusted, so that the temperature of the semi-solid cladding layer is in a preset temperature range suitable for mechanical action;
in the process of mechanical interference on the semi-solid cladding layer, laser parameters of the short pulse laser are adjusted according to shape parameters of the semi-solid cladding layer, so that the shock wave strength borne by the semi-solid cladding layer is in an optimum state;
S3.3D shaping the target metal part;
and circulating in the above way, and naturally cooling the cladding layer after the cladding layer acts layer by layer until the double-scale or multi-scale composite structure metal piece is formed.
The preparation method comprises three steps of continuously carrying out laser hot melting and metal powder coating, applying pulse laser impact force on a semi-solid coating layer, and circularly carrying out the steps till the metal part is formed in a 3D mode, and the key point is that the additive manufacturing technology of the three-step method is as follows: cladding metal powder layer by the heat effect of the first beam of continuous laser and forming a metal piece in a 3D mode, and meanwhile obtaining the real-time temperature of a cladding layer; when the temperature of the cladding layer is reduced to a semi-solid region formed by the primary solid phase, the semi-solid cladding layer is subjected to mechanical interference through the shock wave effect of the second short pulse laser; and naturally cooling the cladding layer after the cladding layer is acted layer by layer until the double-scale/multi-scale composite structural metal component is formed in a 3D mode. The invention relates to a novel additive manufacturing method of a semi-solid forming metal piece with double-scale, multi-scale and gradient structure under the laser heat-force coupling effect, which is essentially the process of dynamic recrystallization and 3D forming of the metal piece after the free melting of a laser cladding layer, can carry out semi-solid processing preparation on various alloy systems comprising Ti base, Ni base, Co base, Fe base and the like, obtains an isotropic metal material with novel composite microstructure of nano-crystal, ultra-fine crystal and excellent comprehensive performance, is widely applied to the fields of high-speed railways, aerospace, war industry, instruments and meters and the like, and realizes the effective control of the macroscopic deformation and cracking problems of the metal piece.
Preferably, the adjusting the laser parameters of the short pulse laser according to the shape parameters of the semi-solid state cladding layer specifically includes:
based on the preset thickness value, correspondingly reducing or increasing the pulse width of the short pulse laser after judging that the thickness of the semi-solid cladding layer is too large or too small;
and correspondingly reducing or increasing the frequency and the light spot of the short pulse laser after judging that the width of the semi-solid cladding layer is too large or too small based on the preset width value.
Preferably, the hot cladding of the metal powder by the first beam of continuous laser, and the obtaining of the temperature of the cladding layer specifically includes: the method comprises the following steps of spraying specified metal powder from a nozzle through a powder feeder, carrying out laser thermal melting on the metal powder through the thermal effect of a first beam of continuous laser, forming a cladding layer on a metal substrate, and simultaneously obtaining the temperature of the cladding layer in real time through temperature measuring equipment. The temperature measuring equipment refers to any temperature measuring technology conventionally used in the field, and can be any one of temperature measuring modes such as a thermocouple, infrared and the like.
Preferably, the continuous laser refers to any thermal effect technique conventionally used in the art, and may be any one of high-energy laser, high-energy electron beam, and the like.
Preferably, the powder feeding action of the powder feeder is powder spraying completed by gas flow purged by inert gas; the inert gas is any inert gas which does not chemically react with the target metal material.
Preferably, the metal powder is one conventionally used in metal production in the art, and may be one produced by various methods such as atomization, high-energy ball milling, electrolysis, and hydrogenation dehydrogenation, and the particle size is not particularly limited, and may be fine powder or relatively coarse powder. Can be any one or mixed powder.
Preferably, the metal substrate refers to any substrate used in conventional additive manufacturing in the field, and can be forged and processed by any metal with performance close to that of a target metal material composition; the thickness range of the metal substrate is 10 mm-30 mm, and the length and width ranges can be freely set according to the size of a target metal piece.
The invention also provides a high-toughness metal material which is obtained by the laser semi-solid processing preparation method of the high-toughness metal material.
The high-strength and high-toughness metal material prepared by the method can be designed into different alloy systems, including Ti-based, Ni-based, Fe-based, Zr-based, Cu-based, Co-based, Nb-based, Mn-based, Mo-based or Ta-based alloy systems and the like. The high-toughness metal material prepared by the invention has a novel microstructure which comprises a nano-crystalline, ultrafine-crystalline and fine-crystalline dual-scale, multi-scale and gradient structure, so that the high-toughness metal material has excellent and isotropic comprehensive performance and can be widely applied to the fields of high-speed railways, aerospace, war industry and instruments and meters.
The invention also provides application of the high-strength and high-toughness metal material in the fields of high-speed railways, aerospace, war industry and instruments and meters.
The preparation method of the invention can perform semi-solid processing treatment on various alloy systems, particularly Ti-based, Ni-based, Fe-based and other alloy systems, thereby obtaining the metal material with novel microstructures such as nanocrystalline, ultrafine grain, fine grain or double-scale, multi-scale, gradient structure and the like, excellent performance and isotropy. The preparation method is a forming preparation method combining an additive manufacturing technology and a semi-solid processing technology, is a semi-solid additive manufacturing method based on a laser heat-force coupling effect, is substantially a process of dynamic recrystallization and 3D forming of metal parts after free melting of a laser cladding layer, and is characterized in that the solid phase precipitation temperature of heating and cooling of metal powder is measured through a thermal analyzer, the range of a semi-solid temperature region is selected, so that the cladding layer formed by melting of the metal powder is slightly cooled, and then semi-solid processing is carried out. The invention overcomes the common basic problems of single structure, mass defect, anisotropy, thermal stress and the like in the traditional 3D forming piece, complex pulping process and the like in the traditional semi-solid processing technology, improves the internal quality and the mechanical comprehensive performance of the metal piece, is suitable for preparing high-strength and high-toughness metal materials and parts thereof with larger size, complex shape and suitable for engineering application, has wide universality and practicability, and has good popularization and application prospects in the fields of high-speed railways, space flight and aviation, war industry, instruments and meters and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects are:
1. the metal piece prepared by the laser semi-solid processing preparation method not only comprises a common low-melting-point alloy system (such as steel materials, aluminum alloys and magnesium alloys) but also can be used for preparing a high-melting-point alloy system (such as titanium alloys and nickel alloys) which is newly researched in the current semi-solid processing, and the method has important theoretical and engineering significance for expanding the field of semi-solid processing;
2. the heat source of the semi-solid forming method adopted by the invention can comprise any one of the technologies of high-energy laser, high-energy electron beams and the like, and in view of the local viscous flow behavior of the metal material cladding layer during the semi-solid forming, the semi-solid forming method can be used for preparing metal pieces with larger size and complex shape and suitable for engineering application, and has wider universality and practicability;
3. compared with the traditional method that only a tissue structure with single scale and single shape can be prepared by the laser thermal effect or the laser mechanical effect, the microstructure of the metal piece manufactured by the laser semi-solid additive can realize grain refining, equiaxial crystallization, double-scale/multi-scale, compounding and graduating, so that the comprehensive performance of the metal material prepared by the laser semi-solid processing is more excellent;
4. the additive manufacturing technology based on laser semi-solid forming under the action of double laser beam heat-force coupling has the advantages of simplicity, easiness in operation, high controllability, thin heating layer, small interference, integration of processing and heat treatment and the like, and greatly reduces the processing cost;
5. the additive manufacturing method based on laser semi-solid forming is substantially the process of dynamic recrystallization and 3D forming of metal parts after the laser cladding layer is freely melted, the internal structure scale form of the metal parts can be regulated and controlled, the defects such as air holes and the like and thermal stress are eliminated, the internal quality and the mechanical comprehensive performance of the metal parts are improved, the isotropy of the structure and the performance is effectively realized, and the problems of macroscopic deformation and cracking of the metal parts are controlled;
6. compared with the traditional semi-solid processing method, the method has no problem of difficult pulping, can directly carry out directional cladding on the metal powder according to the designed scanning path through the high-power laser thermal effect, and greatly saves the preparation cost of raw materials.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of example 1 of the production process of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of example 2 of the production process of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a scanning electron microscope image of the high-toughness multi-scale structural metal material prepared in example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a stress-strain curve of the high-toughness multi-scale structural metal material prepared in example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustration purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention; for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted. The positional relationships depicted in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention provides a high-toughness metal material and a laser semi-solid processing preparation method thereof, overcomes the common basic problems of single structure, single quality defect, anisotropy, thermal stress and the like in the traditional 3D printing metal part based on single laser thermal effect, and simultaneously improves the comprehensive mechanical property of the metal part.
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of a laser semi-solid processing method for preparing a high strength and toughness metal material according to the present invention includes:
step 1, continuous laser hot melting metal powder coating
Carrying out hot melting on the metal powder through a first beam of continuous laser to form a cladding layer, and simultaneously obtaining the temperature of the cladding layer;
step 2, pulse laser impact force action semisolid state cladding layer
When the temperature of the cladding layer is reduced to a semi-solid region formed by a primary solid phase, performing mechanical interference on the semi-solid cladding layer through the shock wave effect of a second beam of short pulse laser;
in the process of mechanical interference on the semi-solid cladding layer, the intensity of laser used for hot cladding is adjusted, so that the temperature of the semi-solid cladding layer is in a preset temperature range suitable for mechanical action;
in the process of mechanical interference on the semi-solid-state cladding layer, adjusting laser parameters of the short pulse laser according to shape parameters of the semi-solid-state cladding layer; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
based on the preset thickness value, correspondingly reducing or increasing the pulse width of the short pulse laser after judging that the thickness of the semi-solid cladding layer is too large or too small;
based on a preset width value, correspondingly reducing or increasing the frequency and the light spot of the short pulse laser after judging that the width of the semi-solid cladding layer is too large or too small;
step 3, 3D forming of target metal piece
And circulating in the above way, and naturally cooling the cladding layer by layer until the dual-scale/multi-scale composite structure metal piece is formed.
In order to describe the above embodiment of the laser semi-solid processing preparation method of the high-toughness metal material more specifically, another embodiment of the laser semi-solid processing preparation method of the high-toughness metal material is provided below,
example 2
Referring to fig. 2, another embodiment of a laser semi-solid processing method for preparing a high strength and toughness metal material according to the present invention includes:
step 1, spraying specified Ti-6Al-4V atomized spherical powder from a nozzle through a powder feeder and flatly paving the powder on a titanium alloy substrate so as to enable the powder to be melted by the laser thermal effect to form a cladding layer;
in the embodiment, in order to enable the Ti-6Al-4V metal powder to be more optimally subjected to laser semi-solid additive manufacturing of the multi-scale composite structure metal piece, the metal powder is subjected to unified screening of a 200-mesh steel screen.
Step 2, spraying a powder feeder to Ti-6Al-4V metal powder of the titanium alloy substrate through a first beam of continuous laser, carrying out hot melting to form a cladding layer, and acquiring the temperature of the cladding layer in real time through thermocouple temperature measuring equipment;
in order to monitor the primary solid phase formed in the cladding layer in real time and determine whether the cladding layer enters the semi-solid state region, the temperature of the cladding layer needs to be monitored in real time.
Step 3, when the temperature of the cladding layer is reduced to a semi-solid region formed by the primary solid phase, performing mechanical interference on the semi-solid cladding layer through a second short pulse laser shock wave effect;
in order to accurately determine the semi-solid temperature zone formed by the primary solid phase, the Ti-6Al-4V metal powder can be obtained by performing thermophysical analysis on the Ti-6Al-4V metal powder through a thermal analyzer.
When the cladding layer is cooled to a temperature region where a primary solid phase is formed, namely the cladding layer is in a semi-solid state, mechanical interference can be carried out on the semi-solid cladding layer through short pulse laser, so that the primary solid phase is broken or decomposed, a solid-liquid phase in the semi-solid cladding layer presents different crystal growth modes, defects such as internal air holes and the like and thermal stress and the like are eliminated, and a multi-scale composite structure is formed.
In this embodiment, in the process of mechanically disturbing the semi-solid cladding layer, the intensity of the laser used for thermal melting is adjusted so that the temperature of the semi-solid cladding layer is within the preset temperature range suitable for the mechanical action.
In the process of mechanical interference on the semi-solid-state cladding layer, the temperature of the cladding layer changes due to natural cooling, and in order to enable the temperature to be in an interval (namely a preset temperature range, which can be set in advance according to actual requirements) most suitable for the mechanical interference effect, the intensity of laser used for thermal melting, namely the power of a laser generating the laser, can be adjusted.
In this embodiment, in the process of performing mechanical interference on the semi-solid cladding layer, the laser parameters of the short pulse laser are adjusted according to the shape parameters of the semi-solid cladding layer, so that the shock wave strength borne by the semi-solid cladding layer is in an optimum state. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
based on the preset thickness value, correspondingly reducing or increasing the pulse width of the short pulse laser after judging that the thickness of the semisolid cladding layer is too large or too small;
and correspondingly reducing or increasing the frequency and the light spot of the short pulse laser after judging that the width of the semisolid cladding layer is too large or too small based on the preset width value.
In this embodiment, when the temperature of the cladding layer is within the interval most suitable for the mechanical disturbance effect, the pulse width of the short pulse laser may be correspondingly adjusted according to the thickness of the semi-solid cladding layer (compared with the preset thickness value), and the frequency and the light spot of the short pulse laser may be adjusted according to the width of the semi-solid cladding layer (compared with the preset width value), so that the semi-solid region of the cladding layer obtains a sufficient shock wave mechanical effect.
And 4, circulating in the way, and naturally cooling the cladding layer by layer until obtaining the multi-scale composite structure Ti-6Al-4V target metal piece with the thickness of 80mm × 10mm, × 10mm and 10 mm.
According to the steps, cladding layers are acted layer by layer and naturally cooled until a 3D formed metal piece is obtained, a high-quality defect-free and densified multi-scale composite structure is presented in the metal piece, and the Ti-6Al-4V metal piece manufactured based on laser semi-solid processing is subjected to additive manufacturing, wherein a scanning electron microscope picture in figure 3 shows that the microstructure of the metal piece comprises white β phase particles with the size of about 5-100 nm and lamellar α phases and β phases which are arranged alternately, wherein the white β phase layer is about 100-200 nm thick and about 1-10 mu m long, the gray α phase layer is about 1.5 mu m thick and about 1-10 mu m long, so that the metal material is a multi-scale structure comprising nano crystals, ultra-fine crystals and fine crystals, and tensile stress strain curves in figure 4 show that the tensile strength and the tensile elongation at break of the multi-scale titanium alloy piece are 1140MPa and 15.5% respectively, and the performance of the multi-scale titanium alloy piece is superior to the average level of the titanium alloy manufactured by the existing additive manufacturing technology, and the structure and the performance show isotropic characteristics.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A laser semi-solid processing preparation method of a high-toughness metal material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, continuously carrying out laser hot melting and metal powder coating;
carrying out hot melting on the metal powder through a first beam of continuous laser to form a cladding layer, and simultaneously obtaining the temperature of the cladding layer;
s2, pulse laser impact force acts on the semi-solid cladding layer;
when the temperature of the cladding layer is reduced to a semi-solid region formed by the primary solid phase, the semi-solid cladding layer is subjected to mechanical interference through the shock wave effect of the second short pulse laser;
in the process of mechanical interference on the semi-solid cladding layer, the intensity of laser used for hot cladding is adjusted, so that the temperature of the semi-solid cladding layer is in a preset temperature range suitable for mechanical action;
in the process of mechanical interference on the semi-solid-state cladding layer, adjusting laser parameters of the short pulse laser according to shape parameters of the semi-solid-state cladding layer;
S3.3D shaping the target metal part;
and circulating in the above way, and naturally cooling the cladding layer by layer until the dual-scale/multi-scale composite structure metal piece is formed.
2. The laser semi-solid processing preparation method of the high-toughness metal material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the adjusting of the laser parameters of the short pulse laser according to the shape parameters of the semi-solid cladding layer specifically comprises:
based on the preset thickness value, correspondingly reducing or increasing the pulse width of the short pulse laser after judging that the thickness of the semi-solid cladding layer is too large or too small;
and correspondingly reducing or increasing the frequency and the light spot of the short pulse laser after judging that the width of the semi-solid cladding layer is too large or too small based on the preset width value.
3. The laser semi-solid processing preparation method of the high-toughness metal material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step of performing hot cladding on the metal powder through a first beam of continuous laser and obtaining the temperature of the cladding layer specifically comprises the steps of: the method comprises the following steps of spraying specified metal powder from a nozzle through a powder feeder, carrying out laser thermal melting on the metal powder through the thermal effect of a first beam of continuous laser, forming a cladding layer on a metal substrate, and simultaneously obtaining the temperature of the cladding layer in real time through temperature measuring equipment.
4. The laser semi-solid processing preparation method of the high-toughness metal material as claimed in claim 3, wherein the continuous laser as the heat source comprises high-energy laser and high-energy electron beam.
5. The laser semi-solid processing preparation method of the high-toughness metal material as claimed in claim 3, wherein the powder feeding action of the powder feeder is powder spraying completed by gas flow purged by inert gas; the inert gas is any inert gas which does not chemically react with the target metal material.
6. The laser semi-solid processing preparation method of the high-toughness metal material as claimed in claim 3, wherein the metal powder comprises any one or mixed powder prepared by atomization method, high-energy ball milling method, electrolysis method and hydrogenation dehydrogenation method.
7. The laser semi-solid processing preparation method of the high-toughness metal material as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the metal substrate is forged and processed by any metal with composition performance close to that of a target metal material; the thickness range of the metal substrate is 10 mm-30 mm, and the length and width ranges can be freely set according to the size of a target metal piece.
8. A high-toughness metal material, which is obtained by the laser semi-solid processing preparation method of the high-toughness metal material according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The high-toughness metal material according to claim 8, wherein the high-toughness metal material is an alloy system of Ti-based, Ni-based, Fe-based, Zr-based, Cu-based, Co-based, Nb-based, Mn-based, Mo-based or Ta-based; the microstructure of the high-toughness metal material comprises a double-scale/multi-scale, composite and gradient structure of nano-crystal, ultra-fine crystal and fine crystal.
10. The use of the high-toughness metallic material according to claim 8 or 9 in the fields of high-speed railways, aerospace, military industry and instruments and meters.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112276087A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-01-29 | 中国矿业大学 | Molten pool disturbed metal part laser additive manufacturing method and system |
| CN112496339A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-03-16 | 中国矿业大学 | Laser additive and laser impact synchronous composite manufacturing method and system |
| CN113305301A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-08-27 | 北京工业大学 | Composite manufacturing equipment and method based on melting deposition and semi-solid stirring |
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| CN108588345A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-09-28 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of metal surface laser method for toughening and device |
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| CN104674038A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-06-03 | 华南理工大学 | Alloy material with high strength as well as ductility and semi-solid state sintering preparation method and application of alloy material |
| CN106735221A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-05-31 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of laser-impact forges metal 3D printing composite manufacturing method and device |
| CN107217253A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-09-29 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of smooth powder gas coaxial transmission laser cladding impact formed by forging composite manufacturing method |
| CN108588345A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-09-28 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of metal surface laser method for toughening and device |
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| CN112276087A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-01-29 | 中国矿业大学 | Molten pool disturbed metal part laser additive manufacturing method and system |
| CN112496339A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-03-16 | 中国矿业大学 | Laser additive and laser impact synchronous composite manufacturing method and system |
| CN113305301A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-08-27 | 北京工业大学 | Composite manufacturing equipment and method based on melting deposition and semi-solid stirring |
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