CN111804913A - 3D printing apparatus integrating molding and detection - Google Patents
3D printing apparatus integrating molding and detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN111804913A CN111804913A CN202010541319.0A CN202010541319A CN111804913A CN 111804913 A CN111804913 A CN 111804913A CN 202010541319 A CN202010541319 A CN 202010541319A CN 111804913 A CN111804913 A CN 111804913A
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- laser
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- focusing mirror
- personal computer
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The forming and detecting integrated 3D printing equipment comprises a laser generator, an upper vacuum box, an industrial personal computer and a mobile laser detection receiving system; the movable laser detection receiving system is arranged in the upper vacuum box; the mobile laser detection receiving system comprises an XY stepping system and a focusing mirror, and the focusing mirror is arranged on the XY stepping system; the industrial personal computer controls the laser generator to generate detection laser, the detection laser is incident to the focusing mirror through an optical fiber, a detection laser beam emitted by the focusing mirror vertically irradiates a molding surface, is received by the focusing mirror after being reflected, is output to the industrial personal computer through the optical fiber, and analyzes a received optical signal by the industrial personal computer; and the industrial personal computer controls the XY stepping system to drive the focusing mirror to move, and the defect detection is carried out on the whole forming surface. The forming and detecting integrated 3D printing equipment disclosed by the invention can be used for immediately detecting defects in the forming process, so that the production cost and the production period are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metal additive manufacturing, in particular to a 3D printing device integrating molding and detection.
Background
In the field of metal additive manufacturing, due to the reasons of different sizes of metal powder, energy fluctuation of laser beams, oxidation of the metal powder in the forming process and the like, the defects of tiny pores and the like in the formed parts can be caused. Aiming at the defects, in the prior art, an X-ray transmission detection method is adopted after the part is manufactured, and the molded part can be scrapped because the molding defect cannot be detected in the part molding process in real time, so that the production cost and the production period are increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a forming and detecting integrated 3D printing device, which can detect defects in the forming process in real time so as to reduce the production cost and the production period.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a molding and detection integrated 3D printing device, which comprises a laser generator, an upper vacuum box, an industrial personal computer and a mobile laser detection receiving system, wherein the laser generator is connected with the upper vacuum box; the mobile laser detection receiving system is arranged in the upper vacuum box; the mobile laser detection receiving system comprises an XY stepping system and a focusing mirror, and the focusing mirror is arranged on the XY stepping system; the industrial personal computer controls the laser generator to generate detection laser, the detection laser is incident to the focusing mirror through an optical fiber, a detection laser beam emitted by the focusing mirror vertically irradiates a molding surface, is received by the focusing mirror after being reflected, is output to the industrial personal computer through the optical fiber, and analyzes a received optical signal; and the industrial personal computer controls the XY stepping system to drive the focusing mirror to move, and the defect detection is carried out on the whole forming surface.
The forming and detecting integrated 3D printing equipment is used for detecting the defect of each layer after each layer is printed.
The forming and detecting integrated 3D printing equipment is characterized in that the XY stepping system is controlled in a closed loop mode by a grating ruler.
The forming and detecting integrated 3D printing equipment comprises an XY stepping system, a Y stepping system and a control system, wherein the XY stepping system comprises an X shaft and a Y shaft, and the Y shaft is connected with the X shaft; the focusing mirror is connected with the Y shaft.
The forming and detecting integrated 3D printing equipment further comprises a scraper component; the X-axis of the XY stepper system serves as the stepper system for the doctor assembly.
The forming and detecting integrated 3D printing device further comprises an optical path system; the optical path system is arranged on the upper vacuum box; the industrial personal computer controls the laser generator to generate molding laser and excitation laser, the molding laser and the excitation laser are incident to the optical path system to generate molding laser beams and excitation controllable laser beams, and the molding laser beams and the excitation controllable laser beams are incident to the upper vacuum box to act on metal powder; and the industrial personal computer controls the forming laser beam, the excitation controllable laser beam and the movement paths of the forming laser beam and the excitation controllable laser beam by controlling the light path system.
The forming and detecting integrated 3D printing device is characterized in that the optical path system comprises a galvanometer, a beam splitter, a first collimating lens, a second collimating lens and a field lens; the shaping laser and the excitation laser generated by the laser generator are input into the optical path system, respectively enter the galvanometer through the first collimating lens and the second collimating lens, and finally enter the upper vacuum box through the field lens.
The forming and detecting integrated 3D printing equipment is characterized in that the wavelength of the forming laser beam is 1064 nm; the wavelength of the excitation controllable laser beam is 1064nm, and the wavelength of the detection laser beam is 532 nm.
The forming and detecting integrated 3D printing equipment is characterized in that the effective forming breadth of 3D printing is 250mm multiplied by 250 mm; the movable laser detection receiving system effectively detects the width of 250mm multiplied by 250 mm.
In the 3D printing equipment integrating molding and detection, a Y axis of the XY stepping system adopts a linear motor or synchronous belt transmission to drive a focusing mirror to do linear reciprocating motion; and the X axis of the XY stepping system is driven by a synchronous belt.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
the forming and detecting integrated 3D printing equipment adopts a method of detecting the movable focusing lens in real time in the forming process, has a practical and reliable scheme, and can find the defects in the forming process of the part in real time, thereby adjusting the forming parameters and the forming atmosphere environment in time, reducing the generation of similar defects, realizing the high-quality forming of the part, and reducing the production cost and the production period.
Drawings
The forming and detecting integrated 3D printing apparatus of the present invention is given by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a molding and detecting integrated 3D printing apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile laser detection receiving system according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical path system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The molding and inspection integrated 3D printing apparatus of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to fig. 1 to 3.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a molding and detecting integrated 3D printing apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the forming and detecting integrated 3D printing device of the embodiment includes a laser generator 4, a light path system 1, a mobile laser detection receiving system 2, an upper vacuum box 6, a scraper assembly 3, and an industrial personal computer 5;
the laser generator 4 is used for generating molding laser, excitation laser and detection laser;
the optical path system 1 is arranged on the upper vacuum box 6;
the mobile laser detection receiving system 2 is arranged in the upper vacuum box 6; the mobile laser detection receiving system 2 comprises an XY stepping system and a focusing mirror, and the focusing mirror is arranged on the XY stepping system;
the scraper component 3 is connected with the XY stepping system;
the industrial personal computer 5 is connected with the mobile laser detection receiving system 2, the laser generator 4 and the light path system 1.
3D printing and forming: the industrial personal computer 5 controls the laser generator 4 to generate a forming laser beam and an excitation laser beam, the forming laser beam and the excitation laser beam are incident to the optical path system 1 to generate a forming laser beam and an excitation controllable laser beam, the forming laser beam and the excitation controllable laser beam are incident to the upper vacuum box 6 to act on metal powder (the forming laser beam is used for 3D printing forming, and the excitation controllable laser beam is used for exciting a forming surface in a 3D printing process), and the industrial personal computer 5 controls the forming laser beam, the excitation controllable laser beam and a motion path (scanning path) thereof by controlling the optical path system 1; the industrial personal computer 5 controls the XY stepping system to drive the scraper component 3 to move;
and (3) defect detection: the industrial personal computer 5 controls the laser generator 4 to generate detection laser, the detection laser is incident to the focusing mirror through an optical fiber, the detection laser beam emitted by the focusing mirror vertically irradiates a molding surface, the detection laser beam which is vertically incident is reflected by the molding surface and then is received by the focusing mirror, the detection laser beam is output to the industrial personal computer 5 through the optical fiber, and the industrial personal computer 5 analyzes the received optical signal, so that the defect detection of the molding surface is realized; the industrial personal computer 5 controls the XY stepping system to drive the focusing mirror to move, and defect detection is carried out on the whole forming surface;
3D prints the layer by layer and goes on, prints this layer of defect detection promptly every layer, reaches the purpose of instant defect detection in the forming process.
The forming and detecting integrated 3D printing equipment of the embodiment integrates the defect detection device into the 3D printing equipment, realizes the purpose of detecting the defects in the forming process in time, is favorable for finding problems in time, adjusts the forming parameters and the forming atmosphere environment in time, reduces the generation of similar defects, realizes the high-quality forming of parts, and reduces the production cost and the production period.
In this embodiment, the shaping laser beam has a wavelength of 1064 nm; the wavelength of the excitation controllable laser beam is 1064nm, and the wavelength of the detection laser beam is 532 nm.
In this embodiment, the effective forming breadth of 3D printing is 250 mm. The movable laser detection receiving system effectively detects the width of 250mm multiplied by 250 mm.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile laser inspection receiving system according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Referring to fig. 2, the mobile laser detection receiving system includes an XY stepping system 201 and a focusing mirror 202; the XY stepping system 201 comprises an X axis and a Y axis, the Y axis is connected with the X axis, and the focusing mirror 202 is installed on the Y axis.
In this embodiment, the X-axis of the XY stepping system 201 is also used as the stepping system of the doctor assembly 3, so that the number of components can be reduced, the cost can be reduced, the space can be saved, and convenience can be provided for various operations and maintenance of an operator. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and in another embodiment, the stepping system of the blade assembly 3 and the XY stepping system 201 of the movable laser inspection receiving system 2 are provided in the upper vacuum box 6, respectively.
In this embodiment, the scraper of the scraper assembly is driven by the synchronous belt and moves along the linear guide rail.
In this embodiment, the Y axis of the XY stepping system 201 adopts a linear motor to drive the focusing mirror 202 to perform linear reciprocating motion. Thus, the structure can be simplified and the space can be saved. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, a synchronous belt drive may be adopted to drive the focusing mirror to perform a linear reciprocating motion.
In this embodiment, the XY stepping system 201 of the mobile laser detection receiving system 2 adopts grating scale closed-loop control, so that high-precision positioning of the focusing mirror can be realized, and the positioning precision and the repeated positioning precision of the focusing mirror in this embodiment are 0.1 μm. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, hall sensor closed-loop control may be adopted in the XY stepping system to realize the positioning control of the focusing mirror.
In this embodiment, the focal length of the focusing lens of the mobile laser detection receiving system 2 is 100 mm. However, the invention is not limited in this regard.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical path system in a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Referring to fig. 3, the optical path system includes a galvanometer 101, a beam splitter 102, a first collimating mirror 103, a second collimating mirror 104, and a field lens 105; the shaping laser and the excitation laser generated by the laser generator 4 are input into the optical path system 1, enter the vibrating mirror 101 through the first collimating lens 103 and the second collimating lens 104, and finally enter the upper vacuum box 6 through the field lens 105.
In this embodiment, the industrial personal computer 5 controls the shaping laser through the optical system 1, and controls the excitation laser at the same time, so that the number of parts can be reduced, the cost can be reduced, the structure is more compact, and convenience is provided for various operations and maintenance of an operator. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and in another embodiment, two sets of optical path systems are provided on the upper vacuum chamber 6 for the shaping laser and the excitation laser, respectively.
Claims (10)
1. The 3D printing equipment integrating molding and detection comprises a laser generator, an upper vacuum box and an industrial personal computer; the forming and detecting integrated 3D printing equipment is characterized by further comprising a mobile laser detecting and receiving system;
the mobile laser detection receiving system is arranged in the upper vacuum box; the mobile laser detection receiving system comprises an XY stepping system and a focusing mirror, and the focusing mirror is arranged on the XY stepping system;
the industrial personal computer controls the laser generator to generate detection laser, the detection laser is incident to the focusing mirror through an optical fiber, a detection laser beam emitted by the focusing mirror vertically irradiates a molding surface, is received by the focusing mirror after being reflected, is output to the industrial personal computer through the optical fiber, and analyzes a received optical signal; and the industrial personal computer controls the XY stepping system to drive the focusing mirror to move, and the defect detection is carried out on the whole forming surface.
2. The form and inspection integrated 3D printing device of claim 1, wherein the layer defect inspection is performed every time a layer is printed.
3. The form and inspection integrated 3D printing device of claim 1, wherein the XY stepping system employs a raster ruler closed loop control.
4. The form and detect integrated 3D printing device of claim 1, wherein the XY stepper system includes an X axis and a Y axis, the Y axis connected to the X axis; the focusing mirror is connected with the Y shaft.
5. The form and inspection integrated 3D printing device of claim 3, wherein the form and inspection integrated 3D printing device further comprises a doctor blade assembly; the X-axis of the XY stepper system serves as the stepper system for the doctor assembly.
6. The molding and inspection integrated 3D printing apparatus according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the molding and inspection integrated 3D printing apparatus further comprises an optical path system; the optical path system is arranged on the upper vacuum box; the industrial personal computer controls the laser generator to generate molding laser and excitation laser, the molding laser and the excitation laser are incident to the optical path system to generate molding laser beams and excitation controllable laser beams, and the molding laser beams and the excitation controllable laser beams are incident to the upper vacuum box to act on metal powder; and the industrial personal computer controls the forming laser beam, the excitation controllable laser beam and the movement paths of the forming laser beam and the excitation controllable laser beam by controlling the light path system.
7. The molding and detection integrated 3D printing device according to claim 6, wherein the optical path system comprises a galvanometer, a beam splitter, a first collimating lens, a second collimating lens and a field lens; the shaping laser and the excitation laser generated by the laser generator are input into the optical path system, respectively enter the galvanometer through the first collimating lens and the second collimating lens, and finally enter the upper vacuum box through the field lens.
8. The molding and inspection integrated 3D printing device of claim 6, wherein the molding laser beam wavelength is 1064 nm; the wavelength of the excitation controllable laser beam is 1064nm, and the wavelength of the detection laser beam is 532 nm.
9. The forming and detecting integrated 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein the 3D printing effective forming breadth is 250mm x 250 mm; the movable laser detection receiving system effectively detects the width of 250mm multiplied by 250 mm.
10. The molding and detecting integrated 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein the Y-axis of the XY stepper system drives the focusing mirror to reciprocate linearly by using a linear motor or a synchronous belt drive; and the X axis of the XY stepping system is driven by a synchronous belt.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010541319.0A CN111804913A (en) | 2020-06-15 | 2020-06-15 | 3D printing apparatus integrating molding and detection |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010541319.0A CN111804913A (en) | 2020-06-15 | 2020-06-15 | 3D printing apparatus integrating molding and detection |
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| CN111804913A true CN111804913A (en) | 2020-10-23 |
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| CN202010541319.0A Pending CN111804913A (en) | 2020-06-15 | 2020-06-15 | 3D printing apparatus integrating molding and detection |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112903729A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-06-04 | 西安增材制造国家研究院有限公司 | Industrial online CT for additive manufacturing |
| CN114160970A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-11 | 上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司 | 3D prints shaping and detects sharing galvanometer integrated device |
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Application publication date: 20201023 |