CN107517744A - A kind of tea oil tree engrafting method for improving pest and disease damage resistance - Google Patents
A kind of tea oil tree engrafting method for improving pest and disease damage resistance Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107517744A CN107517744A CN201710900883.5A CN201710900883A CN107517744A CN 107517744 A CN107517744 A CN 107517744A CN 201710900883 A CN201710900883 A CN 201710900883A CN 107517744 A CN107517744 A CN 107517744A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- grafting
- seed
- scion
- pest
- tea oil
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of tea oil tree engrafting method for improving pest and disease damage resistance, including the steps：Step S1, the cultivation of rootstock seedling；Step S2, grafting:Scion will choose annual well-developed healthy and strong branch collection, using whip grafting grafting on the elite plant of robust growth no disease and pests harm；Step S3, grafting management.The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：It is simple using grafting method breeding oil tea science, and the pest and disease damage resistance of tea oil tree is improved, grafting method is easy to operate, improves the yield and quality of tea oil tree oil-producing tea fruit, and then improves the economic well-being of workers and staff of plantation tea oil tree.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the field of planting of tea oil tree, and in particular to a kind of tea oil tree grafting side for improving pest and disease damage resistance
Method.
Background technology
Oil tea is a kind of evergreen, long-lived seeds, is once planted, and harvest time, 8-10 was strongly fragrant after general cultivation more than a century
Close and grow into forest, oil sources can be increased, afforestation rate can be improved again, it beautifies the environment, conserved water and soil, water conservation, regulation gas
The ecological functions of time, meanwhile, it is the strong seeds of a contamination resistance again, to sulfur dioxide resistance, resistant to hydrogen and suction chlorine energy
Power is also very strong；Oil tea originates in China, using, cultivation history exceedes 2000, be the main woody edible oil material in China.Tea oil is excellent
Matter table oil, the unsaturated fatty acid content based on oleic acid and linoleic acid account for more than 90%, tea oil is easily absorbed by the human body,
Digestion, the erucic acid and mountain Yu acid for being difficult to absorb without human body, being also free of can cause human blood-pressure to increase, and cause vascular sclerosis
Cholesterol.Tea oil storage tolerance, it is not easy to become sour, the aflatoxins for causing human carcinogen will not be produced；Tea oil color delicacy incense, it is to cook
Food, processed can, the best oil plant for manufacturing margarine；Tea oil is in addition to edible, or vaseline, hair oil, mechanical lubrication
Oil and the raw material for pharmaceutically making penicillin and streptomycin finish.
Grafting is that the branch or bud of a kind of plant are grafted onto on the stem or root of another plant, makes two portions being connected together
Divide and grow up to a complete plant, the key that grafting plant survives makes the forming layer of scion and stock combine closely when being grafting.
Situations such as pest and disease damage resistance after grafting is weaker, grafting strain wastes in existing tea oil tree graft technology be present, it is therefore desirable to carry
Go out a kind of raising pest and disease damage resistance and be capable of the engrafting method of effectively save grafting strain.
The content of the invention
In summary, it is overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of raising
The tea oil tree engrafting method of pest and disease damage resistance.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem is as follows：A kind of tea oil tree grafting for improving pest and disease damage resistance
Method, including the steps：
Step S1, the cultivation of rootstock seedling:（1）Select to garden and site preparation makees bed：Garden it is selected in leeward, physical features is flat, soil layer is deep
Sandy loam place, avoid continuous cropping；Autumn the previous year of nursery will carry out ploughing deeply ground, 30 centimetres of depth, while apply barnyard manure, often
Ten thousand kilograms of 0.5-1 of mu, and every mu mixed is applied 20-25 kilograms of calcium superphosphate；Using sunken bed nursery, 1.2 meters of bedside, long 10 meters are bed
Face is smooth；（2）Seed collection, processing：Select high yield, high-quality, strong stress resistance, production stalwartness, the best fruiting period without serious pest and disease damage
Tree is used as seed collecting elite stand, collects seed and is carried out after fruit fully maturation, and collection seed combines processing and take out kind together with picking fruit
Son, then it is placed on ventilation and dries in the shade；It is further selected to the seed that dries in the shade, impurity is removed, purity is reached more than 95%；Broadcast
Kind the first two months are hidden method using sand and handled, the specific practice is from full, the kind smooth glossiness seed of skin：By one
Part seed is mixed into the fine sand of four parts of water mixings, is then charged into the wooden case of lower berth wet sand, the wet sand of 3 cm thicks is covered in last top, puts
In less than -5 DEG C of place；（3）Sowing：Early spring soil can be sowed after thawing, general to use for ease of management and grafting
Broadcast along riffling, per furrow 3-4 rows, 30 centimetres of line-spacing.The ditch of 1-3 centimetres of depth is opened, then by the seed after vernalization, together with wet sand
Together uniformly it is sown into ditch, immediately earth backing, and slightly suppresses.If soil overdrying influences to come up after broadcasting, sprayed water using watering can
Or the small water of frequent irrigation, until emergence.Simultaneously it is noted that the subterranean pest-insect such as control of grubs, mole cricket, wireworm.（4）Seedling management：Work as children
When 2 leaves occurs in seedling, timely thinning, occur carrying out final singling, 4-8 centimetres of spacing in the rows during 3-4 piece leaves；
Step S2, grafting:Scion will choose annual well-developed stalwartness on the elite plant of robust growth no disease and pests harm
Branch gathers, using whip grafting grafting；
Step S3；Grafting manages：（1）Cut anvil：After bud is connected into work, cut anvil is carried out before the germination of spring in next year；（2）Loosen and twine bandage：
Lightened restrictions on when grafting scion grows to 20-25 centimetres plastics tape wrap；（3）Tie up in time and help scion：Scion, which survives, grows to 30-35 lis
Meter Shi, tie up helping with 40-50 centimetres small rod in time.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：It is simple using grafting method breeding oil tea science, and improve tea oil tree
Pest and disease damage resistance, grafting method is easy to operate, improves the yield and quality of tea oil tree oil-producing tea fruit, and then improves plantation oil
The economic well-being of workers and staff of tea tree.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the present invention can also do following improvement：
Further, scion with adopting with connecing, is not germinateed in late April to mid-May and scion, stock resin in scion grafting in step S2
Carried out when having flowed.
Further, cut anvil is that will budder more than 0.5 centimetre of stock is wiped out in step S3.
Embodiment
The principle and feature of the present invention are described below in conjunction with specific implementation, example is served only for explaining this hair
It is bright, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
A kind of tea oil tree engrafting method for improving pest and disease damage resistance, including the steps：
Step S1, the cultivation of rootstock seedling:The basis that healthy and strong nursery stock is tea oil tree precocity fruiting, early got bumper crops, therefore nurturing staff is
The important process of production of fruit trees.（1）Select to garden and site preparation makees bed：Garden it should be selected in the sand leeward, physical features is flat, soil layer is deep
Loam place, but to avoid continuous cropping.Autumn the previous year of nursery will carry out ploughing deeply ground, general 30 centimetres of depth, while apply matting
Fertilizer, every mu of ten thousand kilograms of 0.5-1, if every mu mixed to apply 20-25 kilograms of calcium superphosphate more preferable.Typically use sunken bed nursery, bedside 1.2
Rice, long 10 meters are advisable, and bed surface is smooth.（2）Seed collection, processing：Seed quality is directly connected to the growing way of rootstock seedling.Ying Xuan
High yield, high-quality, strong stress resistance, production stalwartness, the trees in richful production period without serious pest and disease damage are selected as seed collecting elite stand.Seed collecting should be in fruit
Fully carried out after maturation, collection seed combines processing and take out seed typically together with picking fruit, and it is cloudy to be then placed on ventilation
It is dry.It is further selected to the seed that dries in the shade, impurity is removed, purity is reached more than 95%.Sow the first two months from it is full,
The kind smooth glossiness seed of skin, method is hidden using sand and handled, the specific practice is：A seed is mixed into four parts of watering quantities
It is agglomerating to hold, but do not drip, several pieces of fine sands not scattered are divided into after loosing one's grip, are then charged into the wooden case of lower berth wet sand, most
The wet sand of 3 cm thicks is covered in top afterwards, is placed in less than -5 DEG C of place.（3）Sowing：Early spring soil can be sowed after thawing,
It is general to be broadcast using along riffling for ease of management and grafting, per furrow 3-4 rows, 30 centimetres of line-spacing.The ditch of 1-3 centimetres of depth is opened, then will
Seed after vernalization, together uniformly it is sown into together with wet sand in ditch, earth backing, and slightly suppressing immediately.If soil overdrying after broadcasting
Influence comes up, using watering can water spray or the small water of frequent irrigation, until emergence.Simultaneously it is noted that control of grubs, mole cricket, wireworm etc.
Subterranean pest-insect.（4）Seedling management：When 2 leaves occurs in seedling, timely thinning is answered, final singling, strain are carried out when there are 3-4 piece leaves
It is advisable away from 4-8 centimetres.When uneven sowing is even, it can transplant.A water is poured within 2-3 days before transplanting, transplanting is preferably carried out in the dusk.Seedling
When there are 5-6 piece leaves, except watering should be lacked if necessary to restrain the growth of seedlings, weed with a hoe more.Later to meet mushrooming out for nursery stock, fit
When more waterings, and the principle that watering is frequently applied in line with Shaoshi is combined, impose 15-20 kilograms of ammonium sulfate every time.
Step S2, grafting:Scion will choose annual physically well develop on the elite plant of robust growth no disease and pests harm
Healthy and strong branch collection, such as grafting not in time, scion can be subjected to wet sand storage in cellar for storing things.Bud is connect preferably with adopting with connecing.Branch
Connect and typically carried out in late April to mid-May, must not germinate in scion, be carried out when stock resin has flowed.
Step S3, grafting management：（1）Cut anvil：After bud is connected into work, cut anvil is needed before the germination of spring in next year, will exactly be buddered
More than 0.5 centimetre of stock is wiped out.After scion grafting survives, after new talent base portion lignifying,（2）Loosen and twine bandage：When grafting connects
When spike length is to 20-25 centimetres, plastics tape wrap of lightening restrictions in time, by plastic tape it is loose after easily twined by former orientation again, so, connect
Fringe twines the place of tying up and is not easy into " bottleneck " shape, solid strong, anti-high wind.（3）Tie up in time and help scion：Scion, which survives, grows to 30-35 centimetres
When, tie up helping with 40-50 centimetres small rod in time, tie up when helping, will first tie up and help rod and 2-3 places of original kind branch point strapped fixed,
Again scionwood is helped the section of rod points 2-3 to tie up to help with tying up, with grafted branch continued propagation, help and tie up work and must keep up with by stages, in addition, right
In whip graft method, tie up and help and can not have to, allow it to grow naturally.（4）Take branch in right amount：Grafted branch rapidly grows, and by helping, tie up can not be from
It is basic to solve problem, it at this moment will in right amount take " green branch ", and reduce grafted branch base portion pressure load intensity, and take the object to be：It is dense
Branch, back branch, competitive branch（The branch that the second bud is sprouted under clip）, deflecting branch, overlapping branch, sparse branching amount account for grafting hair branch total amount
25-35%, sparse branching of must not make sure to keep in mind is too many, in order to avoid influence tree body early shaping and root system nutrient accumulation.（5）Mend and connect in good time：For transferring
Connect the tree not survived, 7-August part, bud connects in time after sprout maturation（Connect with wooden bud or tee T bud connects）, promote overall flat
Weighing apparatus.（6）Small and weak tree " weight " management：For the small and weak tree of hypoevolutism after grafting, it must not specially catch up with to management, management, be tied between strain
Structure is " father and son " " grandfather grandson " structure, and garden looks stubble is uneven, influences later stage yield, looks structure small and weak tree in garden utilizes steroids, such as red
Mycin, brassin, large rich 481 foliage-spray.Root combines is poured with multielement micro-fertilizer, rare-earth fertilizer or humic acid, amino acid fertilizer, water distribution
Fill, this ocean, tree body is eaten and drunk partially, strong stress resistance, and growth is fast.To make seedlings picking preferably grow, appropriate apply is carried out in Fast-growing stage
Fertilizer, and strengthen managing a garden.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., it should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of tea oil tree engrafting method for improving pest and disease damage resistance, it is characterised in that including the steps：
Step S1, the cultivation of rootstock seedling:（1）Select to garden and site preparation makees bed：Garden it is selected in leeward, physical features is flat, soil layer is deep
Sandy loam place, avoid continuous cropping；Autumn the previous year of nursery will carry out ploughing deeply ground, 30 centimetres of depth, while apply barnyard manure, often
Ten thousand kilograms of 0.5-1 of mu, and every mu mixed is applied 20-25 kilograms of calcium superphosphate；Using sunken bed nursery, 1.2 meters of bedside, long 10 meters are bed
Face is smooth；（2）Seed collection, processing：Select high yield, high-quality, strong stress resistance, production stalwartness, the best fruiting period without serious pest and disease damage
Tree is used as seed collecting elite stand, collects seed and is carried out after fruit fully maturation, and collection seed combines processing and take out kind together with picking fruit
Son, then it is placed on ventilation and dries in the shade；It is further selected to the seed that dries in the shade, impurity is removed, purity is reached more than 95%；Broadcast
Kind the first two months are hidden method using sand and handled, the specific practice is from full, the kind smooth glossiness seed of skin：By one
Part seed is mixed into the fine sand of four parts of water mixings, is then charged into the wooden case of lower berth wet sand, the wet sand of 3 cm thicks is covered in last top, puts
In less than -5 DEG C of place；（3）Sowing：Early spring soil can be sowed after thawing, general to use for ease of management and grafting
Broadcast along riffling, per furrow 3-4 rows, 30 centimetres of line-spacing；The ditch of 1-3 centimetres of depth is opened, then by the seed after vernalization, together with wet sand
Together uniformly it is sown into ditch, immediately earth backing, and slightly suppresses；If soil overdrying influences to come up after broadcasting, sprayed water using watering can
Or the small water of frequent irrigation, until emergence；Simultaneously it is noted that the subterranean pest-insect such as control of grubs, mole cricket, wireworm；（4）Seedling management：Work as children
When 2 leaves occurs in seedling, timely thinning, occur carrying out final singling, 4-8 centimetres of spacing in the rows during 3-4 piece leaves；
Step S2, grafting:Scion will choose annual well-developed stalwartness on the elite plant of robust growth no disease and pests harm
Branch gathers, using whip grafting grafting；
Step S3, grafting management：（1）Cut anvil：After bud is connected into work, cut anvil is carried out before the germination of spring in next year；（2）Loosen and twine bandage：
Lightened restrictions on when grafting scion grows to 20-25 centimetres plastics tape wrap；（3）Tie up in time and help scion：Scion, which survives, grows to 30-35 lis
Meter Shi, tie up helping with 40-50 centimetres small rod in time.
2. the tea oil tree engrafting method according to claim 1 for improving pest and disease damage resistance, it is characterised in that in step S2
Scion is with adopting with connecing in scion grafting, carries out in late April to mid-May and when scion is not germinateed, stock resin has flowed.
3. the tea oil tree engrafting method according to claim 1 for improving pest and disease damage resistance, it is characterised in that in step S3
Cut anvil is that will budder more than 0.5 centimetre of stock is wiped out.
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| CN201710900883.5A CN107517744A (en) | 2017-09-28 | 2017-09-28 | A kind of tea oil tree engrafting method for improving pest and disease damage resistance |
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| CN201710900883.5A CN107517744A (en) | 2017-09-28 | 2017-09-28 | A kind of tea oil tree engrafting method for improving pest and disease damage resistance |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104365385A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2015-02-25 | 锦屏县绿源种植有限公司 | Tea-oil tree bark-tearing scarf joint method |
| CN106212057A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-14 | 桐城市牯牛背农业开发有限公司 | A kind of engrafting method of oil tea |
| CN106962029A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-07-21 | 麦丽 | A kind of engrafting method of oil tea |
-
2017
- 2017-09-28 CN CN201710900883.5A patent/CN107517744A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104365385A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2015-02-25 | 锦屏县绿源种植有限公司 | Tea-oil tree bark-tearing scarf joint method |
| CN106212057A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-14 | 桐城市牯牛背农业开发有限公司 | A kind of engrafting method of oil tea |
| CN106962029A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-07-21 | 麦丽 | A kind of engrafting method of oil tea |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 佚名: "苹果嫁接育苗技术", 《个人图书馆》 * |
| 郭起荣: "《南方主要树种育苗关键技术》", 31 August 2011 * |
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Application publication date: 20171229 |
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