CN107500745A - 采用蛇绿岩制备石质釉面器皿的方法 - Google Patents
采用蛇绿岩制备石质釉面器皿的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107500745A CN107500745A CN201710554974.8A CN201710554974A CN107500745A CN 107500745 A CN107500745 A CN 107500745A CN 201710554974 A CN201710554974 A CN 201710554974A CN 107500745 A CN107500745 A CN 107500745A
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- Prior art keywords
- glaze
- ophiolite
- stone matter
- mineral
- coat enamel
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Links
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009377 nuclear transmutation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002320 enamel (paints) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052611 pyroxene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 25
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 14
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052839 forsterite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- NWXHSRDXUJENGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;magnesium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O NWXHSRDXUJENGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052637 diopside Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052889 tremolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012241 calcium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000007817 Olea europaea Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
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- 229910052656 albite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 41
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- PSUYMGPLEJLSPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium zirconium Chemical compound [V].[V].[Zr] PSUYMGPLEJLSPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000923606 Schistes Species 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052612 amphibole Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- UPWOEMHINGJHOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxocobaltiooxy)cobalt Chemical compound O=[Co]O[Co]=O UPWOEMHINGJHOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001163600 Bathylaco nigricans Species 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000035126 Facies Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000013201 Stress fracture Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052891 actinolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052885 anthophyllite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002742 anti-folding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GVFOJDIFWSDNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony tin Chemical compound [Sn].[Sb] GVFOJDIFWSDNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015895 biscuits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001058 brown pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010977 jade Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BBCCCLINBSELLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;dihydroxy(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Mg+2].O[Si](O)=O BBCCCLINBSELLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/16—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
- C04B35/18—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay rich in aluminium oxide
- C04B35/195—Alkaline earth aluminosilicates, e.g. cordierite or anorthite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/64—Burning or sintering processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B37/00—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
- C04B37/003—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating by means of an interlayer consisting of a combination of materials selected from glass, or ceramic material with metals, metal oxides or metal salts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/02—Aspects relating to interlayers, e.g. used to join ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/04—Ceramic interlayers
- C04B2237/06—Oxidic interlayers
- C04B2237/062—Oxidic interlayers based on silica or silicates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/50—Processing aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to the joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/78—Side-way connecting, e.g. connecting two plates through their sides
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Abstract
本发明属于硅酸盐材料及陶瓷技术领域，具体涉及一种采用蛇绿岩制备石质釉面器皿的方法，采用蛇绿岩作为基体矿物，经锯切造型、研磨拼接、底釉涂覆、面釉喷涂、烧结窑变和抛光封釉的基本工艺步骤以及磨制、烘干釉料的辅助工序制成石质釉面器皿或型材。本发明采用观感与透明性较好的橄榄石，蛇纹石和辉石矿物作为石质基体，能使其净化与电磁性能均能保留下来，在其表面施釉与拼接缝中填充硅酸胶泥以及高温烧结的微熔作用，恰好使其不易解决的裂隙难题得以解决，还利用矿物的微熔过程使其润性及色彩发生改观。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于硅酸盐材料及陶瓷技术领域，具体涉及一种采用蛇绿岩制备石质釉面器皿的方法。
背景技术
蛇绿岩是在高温岩浆条件下，由碰撞接触带发生变质而形成，自下而上是橄榄石、辉石和基性熔岩等，还普遍伴生蛇纹石。山西五台山的超镁铁质岩普遍遭受了蛇纹石化、角闪石化和碳酸盐化，其原岩分为橄榄岩和辉石岩，前者多蚀变为蛇纹岩和阳起石片岩，后者蚀变为滑石片岩和直闪石片岩。CN99112099一种改性铸石制品的生产方法，是通过对玄武岩融化、熔浆结晶，使辉石、橄榄石等多矿物相转化成单一的铸辉石，其中以二氧化硅、氧化镁含量为主的玄武岩在1240-1260℃熔化。陶瓷二次烧成的流程是配料球磨——过筛除铁——料仓陈腐——成型——素烧——施釉——釉烧。从配料到素烧的工艺，实际上是一个将硅酸盐矿物先磨成粉再成型及烧成胚体的过程，其固相烧结较铸石的液相烧结温度要低一些。台湾申请案号97212042（M345562）的一种花瓶结构，利用热处理及单色釉染工艺，使蛇纹石变质岩产生化学共熔并形成七彩玉的艳丽色彩，但其用金箔层与高分子材料涂覆要带来成本高与沾附灰尘的问题。蛇绿岩（混杂岩）类矿物具有较好的净化环境及活化水的作用，若用石材及人造合成石的生产工艺，先制成空心或板材类制品，再用陶瓷的上釉及高温烧结与之配合，则能利用其微熔作用使难以愈合的矿物裂缝问题得以解决，还在其元素分子随同釉彩重解组合排列中形成色彩变化。对于储量巨大的蛇纹石与变辉绿岩等硅、镁质矿物，只有用这种石材与陶瓷组合的工艺，才能使其从价值较低的耐火材料出路，转变为具有多重价值的生活与建材用品，并用其在改善环境中发挥积极的作用。
发明内容
本发明旨在用石材生产工艺将超镁铁质的蛇绿岩加工成石质基体，再通过陶瓷生产的高温烧成作用对矿物微隙或拼接缝隙进行微熔愈合，还用釉料与矿石分子重新组合形成色彩变化，进而提供一种采用蛇绿岩制备石质釉面器皿的方法。
本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种采用蛇绿岩制备石质釉面器皿的方法，采用蛇绿岩作为基体矿物，经锯切造型、研磨拼接、底釉涂覆、面釉喷涂、烧结窑变和抛光封釉的基本工艺步骤以及磨制、烘干釉料的辅助工序制成石质釉面器皿或型材。
所述石质釉面器皿的具体制作过程如下：
锯切造型：用圆锯或圆车设备将基体矿物加工成圆形基体或板状基体；
研磨拼接：是对基体先研磨加工，再用高聚胶泥将板状基体进行对接粘结组合成多边形器皿，或用高聚胶泥对圆形基体的裂隙进行粘结固化，而后用硅酸釉泥对板状基体对接处的剩余缝隙处进行填充及抹平；
底釉涂覆：球磨釉料矿物制成生料釉，将制得的生料釉分成若干份，分别配加着色剂并搅匀，按设定花色在基体板上设置一层，然后烘干形成底釉；
面釉喷涂：是用喷涂器具将生料釉在底釉上以0.5-1.5mm厚度喷涂一层；
烧结窑变：是将着釉后的基体传送进窑中，升温至1240-1400℃，并保温5-90min；烧结温度和保温时间可参考现有陶瓷工艺，烧结温度主要由基体厚度以及裂隙程度确定，基体厚度越大，烧结温度越高，裂隙越严重，烧结温度越高；保温时间应综合考虑器皿花色等要求。
抛光封釉：是对釉烧圆形面及板面进行抛光，并用纳米SiO2及抛磨作用进行封釉处理。
所述蛇绿岩包括橄榄石、蛇纹石、辉石橄榄岩、蛇纹石化纯橄岩、辉石、角闪岩和变辉绿岩，单个基体由其中任意一种矿物加工制成。即每块基体板或圆形基体采用的是同一种矿物，但器皿可由多种矿物基体板拼接组成。
所述釉料矿物包括如下质量份的组分：
5-15份的钠长石与钾长石、5-15份的硼钙石与硼镁石、15-45份的透辉石与透闪石、10-30份的滑石与镁橄榄石，球磨细度为150目以上。
所述高聚胶泥是用球磨出来的生料釉经烘干工序并加工成粉末，再配高聚物混合而成，生料釉粉末和高聚物的质量比为（2-3）:8，所述高聚物为配加固化剂的不饱和树脂或环氧树脂。不饱和树脂或环氧树脂与固化剂的配比采用常规工艺，一般情况下，不饱和树脂与固化剂为20:1左右，环氧树脂与固化剂为1:1左右。
所述高聚胶泥的初凝时间为30-60min，高聚胶泥的填充长度不超过基体板对接缝隙长度的50%。
所述硅酸釉泥是用经球磨、烘干制成的生料釉粉末，同配加固化剂的硅酸钙混合制成，生料釉粉末和硅酸钙的质量比为（2-4）:1。
本发明采用镁铁质——超镁铁质岩（蛇绿岩）类矿物制作石质器皿，利用陶瓷上釉烧成的微熔作用，较好的解决了高硅矿物因裂隙严重而难以成材的问题，同时也避免了常规陶瓷生产在磨粉，成型和烧结素坯过程中造成的资源与能源浪费，还使其矿物晶体的电磁性能及透明性得以保留。山西五台山包括斜长角闪岩、蛇纹岩和橄榄岩的蛇绿混杂岩矿物，具有硅、镁、铝三种元素含量非常高的特点，特别是位于五台山东面铜钱沟的橄榄石，在其黄绿基色中具有晶莹微透的观感，还在其玄武岩浆通过高温高质交织变质的生成条件下，存在一种通过高温窑变使矿石与釉料产生共容的化学变化，并形成独特色彩花纹的可能性。五台山蛇绿岩是镁硅酸岩，其中的蛇纹石加热至700℃完全脱水，形成镁橄榄石，在烧成1000℃时生成顽火辉石，进一步烧成达1300-1400℃时物料发生剧烈收缩并接近完全烧结。镁质瓷是从含MgO的铝硅酸盐为主晶相的陶瓷，包括镁橄榄石瓷，其主晶相属于MgO—Al2O3—SiO2三元相图。
五台山的超镁铁岩矿物，仅硅、镁、铝三种含量就超过85%，用其作为基体并粘附釉层，利用高温的微熔过程同时能使矿物裂隙很好地愈合，也使放射性元素得以挥发。对于微透明且花纹秀美的橄榄石和蛇纹石化纯橄岩，可在透明釉中较多配用透辉石、透闪石粉，利用透辉石在1390℃发生熔融以及构成网状结构的特点，使其能快速完成烧结并利于釉层的渗透，并用透闪石融熔时也能形成纤维状交叉网络的特点，进而形成闪石玉的润性。硼钙石是B2O3超过40%及CaO超过20%的白色无毒晶体，用其代替氧化铝作为熔剂不仅适合作生料釉，也具有较好的观感及生态性能。硼镁石是富含B2O3与MgO的平行纤维块状体，有助于降低釉的膨胀系数及烧成温度。本发明透明釉料采用辉石、硼和镁三类矿物为主要原料，并用先施彩色底釉与后施透明面釉的双层施釉工艺，能够在石质基体本身花纹的基础上促进矿物的玉化，并产生类似于台湾七彩玉的花色及润性。
五块方板拼合的方形、四块梯形板与一块方板对合的斗形以及多块方板拼合的多边形器具，较圆车切削的罐状器皿，具有矿物原料与能源消耗均大幅度下降的优点，但其底板与侧面板在施釉前如何固定成相对稳固的一体，并且要保持在高温烧结过程中不严重变形，这是超越现行石材及陶瓷工艺的技术课题。采用高聚胶泥与硅酸胶泥按1:2-4长度（缝隙）比的对接触缝隙进行填充及粘结是较合理的方案，前者的快速固化与大于16MPa的抗折能力能够保持多片聚合体的结构强度，后者利用硅酸钠的黏性，使其混合的胶泥适用于缝隙及槽口的填充，而且其在高温下连同粉料能全部转化为与其相邻的石质基体共熔为一体的瓷质。高聚胶泥中的高分子材料在窑烧的前期就逐渐燃烧及挥发，剩余的矿物粉也能在微熔中基本转变为瓷质体。对垂直对合的两石质基体板，采用钻孔并用销钉及联件的预固定办法，也能辅助高聚胶泥的前期固定。对于四块梯形板拼合斗形器具的做法，能在下宽上窄的靠模支撑以及上面扣放的底板采用棱沿接触时，宜于利用侧板倾斜的靠力与上面板的重力，在高温下保持相对的稳定。
本发明的积极效应是：采用观感与透明性较好的橄榄石，蛇纹石和辉石矿物作为石质基体，能使其净化与电磁性能均能保留下来，在其表面施釉与拼接缝中填充硅酸胶泥以及高温烧结的微熔作用，恰好使其不易解决的裂隙难题得以解决，还利用矿物的微熔过程使其润性及色彩发生改观。将石材的用金刚砂冷切割技术与陶瓷的热熔技术进行交叉组合，对两种传统技术都具有推动技术进步的意义，也为其进入家居用品及建材产品领域提供了实用方案。
附图说明
图1为本发明的工艺流程；
图2为方斗型釉面石质器皿的结构示意图；
图中：1-侧板、2-拼接槽口、3-底板。
具体实施方式
本发明是采用橄榄石、蛇纹石、辉石橄榄岩、蛇纹石化纯橄岩、角闪岩和变辉绿岩矿物为基体矿物，经锯切造型，研磨拼接、底釉涂覆、面釉喷涂，烧结窑变和抛光封釉的基本工艺步骤及磨制釉料与烘干的辅助工序制成石质釉面器皿及型材。
所述的锯切造型用圆锯与圆车设备将基体矿物加工成圆形体及板体；研磨拼接是对基体先研磨加工，再用高聚胶泥在方板组合的对接处进行粘结，而后用硅酸釉泥对其余缝隙处进行填充及抹平；釉料球磨是对釉料矿物进行150目以上细度的球磨而成生料釉（透明釉），其釉料矿物包括如下质量百分数的组分：5%—15%钠长石与钾长石、5%—15%硼钙石与硼镁石、15%—45%透辉石与透闪石，10%—30%滑石与镁橄榄石；底釉涂覆是将球磨出来的生料釉分成若干份，分别配加适量着色剂并搅匀，按设定花色在基体上设置一层，然后烘干；面釉喷涂是用喷涂器具将生料釉在底釉上以0.5-1.5mm厚度喷涂一层；烧结窑变是将着釉基体传送进窑中，升温至1240-1400℃，并保温5-20min；抛光封釉是对釉烧形面及板面进行抛光处理，并用纳米SiO2及抛磨作用进行封釉处理。
所述的高聚胶泥是用球磨出来的透明釉（生料釉），经烘干工序加工成粉末，同配加固化剂的不饱和树脂或环氧树脂，按2-3:8质量比混合而成；硅酸釉泥是用球磨与烘干的粉末，同配加水玻璃固化剂的硅酸钙（水玻璃）以2-4:1的质量比混合成硅酸釉泥；所述的底釉是将球磨的透明釉，分成若干份并分别配加着色剂而成多种彩釉，其中着色剂包括锰红、钒锆黄、钴铬绿和铁铬褐颜料。
所述的高聚胶泥的初凝的时间为30-60min，对紧靠磨具的4块或六块方形基体侧板及底板之间的缝隙进行填充粘结，其占用空隙的长度不超过33%，其余空隙用硅酸胶泥填充抹平。
实施例1
采用五台山铜钱沟橄榄石、蛇纹石、角闪岩和变辉绿岩矿物为基体矿物，在矿山开采时宜用绳锯及胀裂开采工艺，经锯切造型、研磨拼接、底釉涂覆、面釉喷涂、烧结窑变、抛光封釉的基本工艺流程，制备方斗型器皿，并用釉料矿物经球磨与烘干辅助工序制成生料釉配合进行底釉涂覆与面釉喷涂。具体工艺流程如图1所示。
蛇绿岩釉面石质器皿的制备方法，其工艺步骤是：锯切造型是用圆盘锯将基体矿物先锯成12mm厚度的薄板，并分切成高为25cm、上边宽为45cm及下边宽为30cm的四块梯形板，还分切边长是30.6cm的一块底板；研磨拼接是对五块板的两面分别用40-400号磨块进行研磨加工，把四块侧板靠在下边较宽的锥体模型上，用细绳临时捆扎固定，其后平放底板并端边对齐，再用高聚胶泥在垂直与水平各为四条的预留垂直90度接口处进行局部粘结，其后在留下的缝隙（槽口）部位涂上硅酸釉泥，两者占用缝隙长度为1:2-4；聚合胶泥是用配加固化剂的不饱和树脂或环氧树脂，同透明釉（生料釉）经烘干处理出来的石粉按2:8的质量比混合，初凝时间为60min左右；磨制釉料是用球磨设备按常规的磨釉工艺进行加工，其透明釉包括如下质量份的组分：5份钠长石与钾长石、5份硼钙石与硼镁石、45份透辉石与透闪石（两者为2:1质量比）和10份滑石与镁橄榄石，其余是高岭土、石英粉等矿物，加入一定量的水，使釉浆比重控制在1.67—1.71g/100ml，细度磨至150目以上，筛余量为0.04%为合格，还用加温排出水分方式，从透明釉中提取含水量小于25%的黏性釉料；底釉涂覆是在方斗形石质基体的内、外表面，采用微量的锰红、钒锆黄、钴铬绿、锑锡灰和铁铬褐等高温下呈色稳定的着色剂，分别同透明釉及引晶釉略混合并交替点缀在基体表面，其后以0.5—1.0mm厚度满面涂覆一层，然后烘干；面釉喷涂是用透明釉是在底釉上面再进行一层0.5—1.5mm厚度的喷涂；烧结窑变是将着釉斗状体分别传递至炉窑中，按照常规20—30℃/min快速升温工艺将烧成温度提升到1300℃，并保温5—15min后降温；抛光封釉是用石材抛光工具重点对方形器皿的内、外表面及边缘部位进行抛光加工，其直角处磨制成圆弧形，并适用封釉工艺进行增亮及填充处理，此后进行检验、包装制备成对水质具有矿化作用的釉面石质器皿。
实施例2
采用蛇纹石化纯橄岩、蛇纹石、辉石、橄榄石和角闪岩为基体矿物，经锯切造型，研磨拼接、底釉涂覆、面釉喷涂、烧结窑变和抛光修整的基本工艺流程，制备外表为圆弧而内部为空心的花瓶及圆罐，对釉料矿物进行球磨的辅助工艺插入底釉涂覆与面釉喷涂两工序之间。
蛇绿岩釉面石质器皿的制备方法，其工艺步骤是：锯切造型工序是用圆盘锯将静态爆破开采的基体矿物分切成方柱形，并用配设专用刀头的圆车制成设定图形的花瓶；研磨拼接是对花瓶进行外表及瓶口的研磨加工，对车制及研磨中出现的基体裂隙，可在干燥条件下用聚合胶泥进行粘结固化；其聚合胶泥是不饱和树脂或环氧树脂同石粉按3:8的质量比混合，初凝时间为45min；磨制釉料是用球磨设备对釉料矿物进行球磨，过筛制成浆料，其透明釉包括如下质量份的组分：15份钠长石与钾长石（1:1质量比）、15份硼钙石与硼镁石（1:1）、15份透辉石与透闪石（两者为1:2质量比）和20份滑石与镁橄榄石（1:1），其余是石英粉和氧化锌等原料，还用加温方式从透明釉浆中提取干粉而配制聚合胶泥；底釉涂覆是用微量的三氧化二铬、三氧化二钴、钒锆黄、锰红等颜料，分别与透明釉混合并单独放置，用绘画器具蘸取颜料釉进行石质纹理色彩的装饰，其间可运用釉下彩的多种描绘技巧，其后用0.5—1.5mm厚度整体喷涂覆盖一层；烧结窑变是用1240—1280℃的炉窑温度烧成，保温90min后降温；抛光封釉是用常规的抛光工具对花瓶表面进行抛光加工，其后用封釉材料12—25纳米级SiO2，与透明釉高速搅拌成糊状流体，并用百洁垫（抛光垫）进行快速旋转的机械抛磨，在抛磨热量（40—60℃）作用下，对花瓶表面的细小空隙进行填补而形成一层均匀的Si02膜层。本发明在基体矿物原有花纹及透明性的基础 ，采用底釉中配加微量的着色剂，并在施引晶剂、底釉涂覆的绘制技巧的诸多配合中，能够产生玉质的润性及五彩斑漾的花色效果，也能达到台湾七彩的观赏效果。蛇绿岩板材组合体及罐体的施釉并高温烧结，是一种圆融及创新。
实施例3
采用橄榄岩、辉绿岩和蛇纹石为基体矿物，经锯切造型、研磨拼接、底釉涂覆、面釉喷涂、烧结窑变和抛光封釉的基本工艺流程，制备六方斗型器皿，并用釉料矿物经球磨与烘干及混合工序制成生料釉及高聚胶泥。
蛇绿岩釉面石质器皿的制备方法，其工艺步骤：锯切造型是用石材生产使用的圆盘锯将基体矿物先锯切成30mm厚度的毛板，并分切成高为50cm,上边宽为60cm及下边宽为45cm的六块梯形板，还分切边长是46cm的六边形底板;研磨拼接是对每个由七块板组合成器皿的板材的两面进行粗磨，先把六块侧板靠在下大上小的六锥体模型上，各侧板相邻的槽口夹角均为60度，而后扣上六边形底板，再用高聚胶泥在六个侧边相邻缝口与底板相邻口处进行占用长度为50%的局部粘结，待其固化后用硅酸釉泥将各个相邻缝（槽）口全部抹成圆弧形外缘；底釉涂覆是在六方斗形石质基体的内、外表面，采用30-150网目的玉质熔块颗粒，同生料釉按1-2:5质量比混合后以1mm厚度淋洒于拼接基体的表面，其中可掺入微量的着色剂点缀在底釉上，然后烘干；面釉喷涂是用生料釉（透明釉）在底釉上的1-1.5mm厚度进行喷涂，而后将敞口向下放置待烧；烧结窑变是将施釉基体分别传输至炉窑中，以1300-1400℃的烧成温度及10-60min保温时间完成高温熔结过程；抛光封釉是用纳米SiO2，与生料釉或抛光剂混合成糊状体，用抛光垫及60度的抛磨温度下，对拼合板及拼接隙表面的微缝隙进行填补而成SiO2膜层，其后经检验、包装工序成为釉面石器皿。磨制釉料是用球磨设备按常规的磨釉工艺用矿物进行磨制，其生料釉（透明釉）采用如下质量份的组分：5份纳长石与钾长石（2:1）、10份的钙石与镁石（2:1质量比）、30份透辉石与透闪石（1:2）和30份的滑石与镁橄榄石（1:2），其余是石英矿，细度在100目、筛余量为0.1%为合格；加温后将生料釉排出水分、分别与高聚物（配加固化剂的环氧树脂）按2.5:8质量比混合成高聚胶泥，其初凝时间设定在45min；硅酸釉泥是用加温出的粉末，同配加固化剂的硅酸钙以3:1的质量的混合成黏状物。本实施例采用梯形板拼接方式，利用倾斜侧板形成的侧压力，使其高温烧结时宜于保持稳定及熔融成型；在底釉中配用玉质熔块细砂，宜于在烧结中形成玉质观感虫微晶构造；在蛇绿岩矿物含有稀土元素使其元素容易发生电荷转移及发射能量。
Claims (7)
1.一种采用蛇绿岩制备石质釉面器皿的方法，其特征在于：采用蛇绿岩作为基体矿物，经锯切造型、研磨拼接、底釉涂覆、面釉喷涂、烧结窑变和抛光封釉的基本工艺步骤以及磨制、烘干釉料的辅助工序制成石质釉面器皿或型材。
2.根据权利要求1所述的采用蛇绿岩制备石质釉面器皿的方法，其特征在于，所述石质釉面器皿的具体制作过程如下：
锯切造型：用圆锯或圆车设备将基体矿物加工成圆形基体或板状基体；
研磨拼接：是对基体先研磨加工，再用高聚胶泥将板状基体进行对接粘结组合成多边形器皿，或用高聚胶泥对圆形基体的裂隙进行粘结固化，而后用硅酸釉泥对板状基体对接处的剩余缝隙处进行填充及抹平；
底釉涂覆：球磨釉料矿物制成生料釉，将制得的生料釉分成若干份，分别配加着色剂并搅匀，按设定花色在基体板上设置一层，然后烘干形成底釉；
面釉喷涂：是用喷涂器具将生料釉在底釉上以0.5-1.5mm厚度喷涂一层；
烧结窑变：是将着釉后的基体传送进窑中，升温至1240-1400℃，并保温5-90min；
抛光封釉：是对釉烧圆形面及板面进行抛光，并用纳米SiO2及抛磨作用进行封釉处理。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的采用蛇绿岩制备石质釉面器皿的方法，其特征在于：所述蛇绿岩包括橄榄石、蛇纹石、辉石橄榄岩、蛇纹石化纯橄岩、辉石、角闪岩和变辉绿岩，单个基体由其中任意一种矿物加工制成。
4.根据权利要求3所述的采用蛇绿岩制备石质釉面器皿的方法，其特征在于，所述釉料矿物包括如下质量份的组分：
5-15份的钠长石与钾长石、5-15份的硼钙石与硼镁石、15-45份的透辉石与透闪石、10-30份的滑石与镁橄榄石，球磨细度为150目以上。
5.根据权利要求4所述的采用蛇绿岩制备石质釉面器皿的方法，其特征在于：所述高聚胶泥是用球磨出来的生料釉经烘干工序并加工成粉末，再配高聚物混合而成，生料釉粉末和高聚物的质量比为（2-3）:8，所述高聚物为配加固化剂的不饱和树脂或环氧树脂。
6.根据权利要求5所述的采用蛇绿岩制备石质釉面器皿的方法，其特征在于：所述高聚胶泥的初凝时间为30-60min，高聚胶泥的填充长度不超过基体板对接缝隙长度的50%。
7.根据权利要求6所述的采用蛇绿岩制备石质釉面器皿的方法，其特征在于：所述硅酸釉泥是用经球磨、烘干制成的生料釉粉末，同配加固化剂的硅酸钙混合制成，生料釉粉末和硅酸钙的质量比为（2-4）:1。
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