CN107494149A - A kind of implantation methods of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum - Google Patents

A kind of implantation methods of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107494149A
CN107494149A CN201710884345.1A CN201710884345A CN107494149A CN 107494149 A CN107494149 A CN 107494149A CN 201710884345 A CN201710884345 A CN 201710884345A CN 107494149 A CN107494149 A CN 107494149A
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exocarpium citri
citri rubrum
fertilizer
tree
branch
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朱其云
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Guangxi Bobai Wanxiang Orange Planting Cooperatives
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Guangxi Bobai Wanxiang Orange Planting Cooperatives
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01HNEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H1/00Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
    • A01H1/02Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2/00Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
    • A61L2/16Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using chemical substances
    • A61L2/23Solid substances, e.g. granules, powders, blocks, tablets
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B1/00Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
    • C05B1/02Superphosphates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B17/00Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80Soil conditioners

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
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  • Epidemiology (AREA)
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  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of implantation methods of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum, the implantation methods include:(1)Selection of land site preparation;(2)Layer is bred;(3)Dig kind of a plant hole;(4)Plantation;(5)Childhood tree manages;(6)The management of bearing-age tree;(7)The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control;(8)Timely collecting.A kind of implantation methods of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum of the present invention, mud is wrapped up in the opening position of branch de-epithelization, the bone meal and root-growing agent in mud are taken root beneficial to branch, and rice vinegar plays a part of sterilizing, Exocarpium Citri Rubrum seedling is kept the premium properties of maternal plant;With the trunk of iron wire binding Exocarpium Citri Rubrum childhood tree, beneficial to the cross growth of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tree, the cultivation time of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tree, the production fruit rate of raising Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tree are shortened;The nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer of the tip-promoting fertilizer of application, the proportioning of sodium humate are suitable, promote branch cross growth;The nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer of strong tip fertilizer, the proportioning of sodium humate are suitable, can obtain Shoot growth more sturdy;Artificial pollination is carried out after the completion of flower thinning, improves the percentage of fertile fruit of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum.

Description

A kind of implantation methods of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, and in particular to a kind of implantation methods of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum.
Background technology
Exocarpium Citri Rubrum fruit, nickname Exocarpium Citri Grandis, evergreen shrubs, trunk is short and thick, and general high 0.5-1 rice, 4 meters of crown height, branch is shorter And it is sturdy, it is stingless or slightly slightly flat with blunt thorn, spray stalk, drape over one's shoulders fine hair;Unifoliate compound leaf alternate, blade is thicker, oval, is about 10- 18 centimetres, wide 6-7 centimetres, winged petiole is in reversed cardioid;10-25 centimetres of mellow fruit diameter.March at florescence, the period 4-10 months.Exocarpium Citri Rubrum is Parts of generic medicinal plants, it is the prematurity of rutaceae Citrus grandis or shaddock or nearly ripe pericarp.Exocarpium Citri Rubrum is to indigestion, stomach Qi mistake Contain, stomach abdomen is glutted, not acclimatized, nausea and vomiting, the uncomfortable often disease tripe of stomach, heart and stomach pain, the mansion five-element's functional disturbance of the five internal organs six It is effective etc. disease.Usually when tea informal dress, often drink has one's own knack Exocarpium Citri Rubrum to prevention and health care lung stomach cancer disease, and Huajuhong can eliminate Wine is accumulated, and stomach is protected in cigarette product invigorating the spleen, and its flowers and fruits effect is all same, as epilepsy, or awake spill spend best results with Exocarpium Citri Rubrum.Exocarpium Citri Rubrum is also to tuberculosis Disease, lung Guan Yan, pertussis, acute/chronic bronchitis, cold, cough due to wind-cold evil, asthma, larynx itch abundant expectoration, phlegm is stagnant in the heart, vomiting Hiccup, eating accumulation, dyspepsia is got sick from drinking too much wine, evil of vomitting ruffian is vexed, it is long-term stomachache, gas pain etc. it is very good.
Exocarpium Citri Rubrum plantation at present typically obtains seedling in a manner of grafting, but can be difficult to dealing with improperly for branch in grafting procedures To keep the premium properties of maternal plant, percentage of fertile fruit is relatively low.
The content of the invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide it is a kind of be easily managed, yield is high, green safe one The implantation methods of kind Exocarpium Citri Rubrum.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:A kind of implantation methods of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum, including it is following Step:
(1)Selection of land site preparation:Selection physical features is flat, and the soil is porous, fertile soil, and the gradient is in 15~18 degree of hillside fields, removal hillside fields The debris on surface, plot is flattened, while with 30,000 grams/acre~40,000 grams/acre of pulverized limestone to soil disinfection;
(2)Layer is bred:Selection stable yields high yield, the Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tree that grows fine, after Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tree blooms, selection life in 1~2 year and Thick 2.0cm~the 2.5cm in footpath branch, 3cm~4cm epidermis is up peelled off in branch bottom, is peelled off in branch at 5cm~7cm The opening position of epidermis is bundled into mud drum with the stack of rice straw for wrapping up in mud, branch is taken root naturally, every 5 days~7 days to mud drum watering one It is secondary, after 4~5 months, branch is cut down from Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tree, produces Exocarpium Citri Rubrum seedling;
(3)Dig kind of a plant hole:In step(1)In hillside fields dig length be 0.6m~0.7m, width be 0.6m~0.7m, be highly 0.7m~0.8m kind plant hole, decomposed fowl and animal excrement is added in kind of plant hole as base manure, each decomposed manure of livestock and poultry for planting plant hole Just addition is 18KG~22KG, calcium superphosphate 0.7KG~0.9KG is added in kind of plant hole, then will be dug out in kind of plant hole Soil is inserted in kind of plant hole;
(4)Plantation:In step(3)In kind plant hole in plant Exocarpium Citri Rubrum seedling, the plantation amount of every mu of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum seedling is 30 plants~35 Strain;
(5)Childhood tree manages:
1)Fertilising:The childhood tree young sprout terminal bud of plantation First Year applies tip-promoting fertilizer when sprouting, every plant of childhood tree applies tip-promoting fertilizer 0.5kg ~0.7kg, young sprout apply the strong tip fertilizer when turning green, every plant of childhood tree applies strong tip fertilizer 0.6kg~0.8kg, plantation Second Year to the 3rd The childhood tree in year opens shallow ridges fertilising, and once, every plant of childhood tree applies fertilizer 10kg~15kg to every 20~25 days artificially applying fertilizers, applies Earthing after fertilizer, the tip-promoting fertilizer and strong tip fertilizer are based on nitrogenous fertilizer, and the fertilizer is by weight by 4~6 parts of urea, potassium chloride 70~90 parts of 2~3 parts, biogas slurry compositions;
2)Tillage and weeding:Tillage and weeding 3 times~4 times every year;
3)Culture high yield tree crown:After the field planting of childhood tree, select and remain 3~4 buds that grown on top is healthy and strong, is evenly distributed and make major branch, it is more Remaining removing, pinching when major branch grows 20cm~25cm promote first time branch, during the long 2cm~3cm of bud, then select and remain 2~3 The healthy and strong branch being evenly distributed, pinching again when branch grows 30cm~40cm, the like, just formed within 2~3 years well-regulated The high yield tree crown of multiple fractionation;
(6)The management of bearing-age tree:
1)Fertilising:Lower strong fertilizers for potted flowers is applied before Great Cold, thanks and lower fruit-promoting fertilizer is applied after spending, applies fruit picking fertilizer, the strong flower after fruit picking immediately Fertilizer is based on organic fertilizer, and the fruit-promoting fertilizer is based on potash fertilizer, and the fruit picking fertilizer is based on nitrogenous fertilizer;
2)Trimming:Sick branch, deadwood, weak branch, descending branch, juxtaposition branch and intensive branch are cut off after fruit picking, is formed ventilated High yield tree crown;
3)Winter ploughs deeply and removes weeds:Annual 11~December removes weeds comprehensively, then ploughs deeply Exocarpium Citri Rubrum planting site, then with 20,000 Gram/acre~25,000 grams/acre of pulverized limestone sterilizes to Exocarpium Citri Rubrum planting site;
4)Controlling the treetops and hastening blossom, flower and fruit thinning:Annual November manually plucks the tip, is dredged when Exocarpium Citri Rubrum bud is full annual 2~March Flower, first select during flower thinning and be evenly distributed, after needing enough sturdy buds for being born fruit, excessive bud is extractd, existed annual April Fruit thinning is carried out at the end of physiological fallen fruit, weak fruit, overlord fruit and malformed fruit are extractd;
(7)The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:With the oxygen chlorine that 800 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl, 1000 times of liquid of isocarbophos and mass fraction are 30% Change 600 times of liquid of copper alternately to spray, spray once within every 20 days~25 days;
(8)Timely collecting:When annual Exocarpium Citri Rubrum in 2~March tree blooms, it is drying that film collection physiology fallen flowers solarization is spread under tree crown Into Exocarpium Citri Rubrum jasmine tea;Less than unclog and readjust 150 grams young fruits and physiological fallen fruit collection are processed into Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tire between annual 3~April;Annual 4 ~May plucks 150~230 grams of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum, and tomentose pummelo fruit is made;Annual 6~July plucks the green mature fruit more than 230 grams, is made Exocarpium Citri Rubrum skin.
Preferably, the step(2)In mud by weight by 40~60 parts of clay, 20~30 parts of bone meal, rice vinegar 4 ~6 parts, 0.5~0.8 part of root-growing agent, 50~60 parts of water composition.
Preferably, the step(5)In childhood tree is opened shallow ridges fertilising after with iron wire bundle Exocarpium Citri Rubrum childhood tree trunk 1~ 3 circles, the ㎜ of the ㎜ of iron wire insertion Exocarpium Citri Rubrum childhood tree bark 0.03 during binding~0.05, the diameter of the iron wire are the ㎜ of 4 ㎜~6.
Preferably, the step(5)In tip-promoting fertilizer by weight by 40~60 parts of urea, 5~8 parts of calcium superphosphate, 0.05~0.07 part of 30~40 parts of Chicken dung, sodium humate composition.
Preferably, the step(5)In strong tip fertilizer by weight by 40~60 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, calcium superphosphate 2~3 0.02~0.03 part of part, 40~50 parts of Chicken dung, sodium humate composition.
Preferably, the step(6)Artificial pollination is carried out after the completion of middle flower thinning.
A kind of implantation methods of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum of the present invention, with pulverized limestone to soil disinfection, harmful bacteria can be reduced Exocarpium Citri Rubrum seedling is produced Raw harm, increase the survival rate of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum;Exocarpium Citri Rubrum seedling is cultivated by the way of layer breeding, in the position of branch de-epithelization Place is bundled into mud drum with the stack of rice straw for wrapping up in mud, and mud is made up of clay, bone meal, rice vinegar, root-growing agent, and bone meal and root-growing agent are beneficial to Branch is taken root, and rice vinegar plays a part of sterilizing, not only makes branch be easy to take root, while reduces the possibility of branch denaturation Property, the Exocarpium Citri Rubrum seedling for obtaining cultivation keeps the premium properties of maternal plant;Childhood tree is opened and bundlees Exocarpium Citri Rubrum with iron wire after shallow ridges applies fertilizer The trunk of childhood tree, the growing way of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tree can be effectively controlled, beneficial to the cross growth of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tree, when shortening the cultivation of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tree Between, the production fruit rate of raising Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tree;The tip-promoting fertilizer that the management of childhood tree applies is by urea, calcium superphosphate, Chicken dung, sodium humate Composition, the proportioning of the nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer of tip-promoting fertilizer is suitable, and adds appropriate sodium humate, promotes branch cross growth;The strong tip The proportioning of the nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer of fertilizer is suitable, and adds appropriate sodium humate, can obtain Shoot growth more sturdy;Flower thinning is complete Into rear carry out artificial pollination, the percentage of fertile fruit of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tree can be improved.
Embodiment
The following examples can help those skilled in the art that the present invention is more fully understood, but cannot be with any Mode limits the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of implantation methods of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum, comprise the following steps:
(1)Selection of land site preparation:Selection physical features is flat, and the soil is porous, fertile soil, and the gradient is on 15 degree of hillside fields, removal hillside fields surface Debris, plot is flattened, while with 30,000 grams/acre of pulverized limestone to soil disinfection;
(2)Layer is bred:Selection stable yields high yield, the Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tree to grow fine, after Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tree blooms, select life in 1 year and footpath Thick 2.0cm branch, 3cm epidermis is up peelled off at 5cm in branch bottom, in the opening position of branch de-epithelization with wrapping up in mud The stack of rice straw of slurry is bundled into mud drum, branch is taken root naturally, is watered once to mud drum within every 5 days, after 4 months, by branch from Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tree On cut down, produce Exocarpium Citri Rubrum seedling, the mud is by weight by 40 parts of clay, 20 parts of bone meal, 4 parts of rice vinegar, root-growing agent 50 parts of 0.5 part, water compositions;
(3)Dig kind of a plant hole:In step(1)In hillside fields dig length be 0.6m, width 0.6m, highly the kind plant hole for 0.7m, Decomposed fowl and animal excrement is added in kind of plant hole as base manure, the addition of each decomposed fowl and animal excrement for planting plant hole is 18KG, Calcium superphosphate 0.7KG is added in kind plant hole, then the soil dug out in kind of plant hole is inserted in kind of plant hole;
(4)Plantation:In step(3)In kind plant hole in plant Exocarpium Citri Rubrum seedling, the plantation amount of every mu of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum seedling is 30 plants;
(5)Childhood tree manages:
1)Fertilising:The childhood tree young sprout terminal bud of plantation First Year applies tip-promoting fertilizer when sprouting, every plant of childhood tree applies tip-promoting fertilizer 0.5kg, young sprout apply the strong tip fertilizer when turning green, every plant of childhood tree applies strong tip fertilizer 0.6kg, plants Second Year to the childhood tree of the 3rd year Shallow ridges fertilising is opened, once, every plant of childhood tree applies fertilizer 10kg to every 20 days artificially applying fertilizers, applies earthing after fertilizer, the rush tip Fertile and strong tip fertilizer is based on nitrogenous fertilizer, and the fertilizer is made up of 4 parts of urea, 2 parts of potassium chloride, 70 parts of biogas slurry by weight, to children Year tree, which opens, to be bundled the trunk 1 of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum childhood tree after shallow ridges fertilising with iron wire and encloses, and iron wire is embedded in Exocarpium Citri Rubrum childhood tree bark during binding 0.03 ㎜, the diameter of the iron wire is 4 ㎜, and the tip-promoting fertilizer is by weight by 40 parts of urea, 5 parts of calcium superphosphate, decomposed chicken 30 parts of excrement, 0.05 part of sodium humate composition, the strong tip fertilizer is by weight by 40 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, 2 parts of calcium superphosphate, decomposed 0.02 part of 40 parts of chicken manure, sodium humate composition;
2)Tillage and weeding:Tillage and weeding 3 times every year;
3)Culture high yield tree crown:After the field planting of childhood tree, select and remain 3 buds that grown on top is healthy and strong, is evenly distributed and make major branch, it is unnecessary Remove, pinching when major branch grows 20cm, promote first time branch, during the long 2cm of bud, then select and remain 2 healthy and strong branches being evenly distributed, Pinching again when branch grows 30cm, the like, the high yield tree crown for just forming well-regulated multiple fractionation in 2 years;
(6)The management of bearing-age tree:
1)Fertilising:Lower strong fertilizers for potted flowers is applied before Great Cold, thanks and lower fruit-promoting fertilizer is applied after spending, applies fruit picking fertilizer, the strong flower after fruit picking immediately Fertilizer is based on organic fertilizer, and the fruit-promoting fertilizer is based on potash fertilizer, and the fruit picking fertilizer is based on nitrogenous fertilizer;
2)Trimming:Sick branch, deadwood, weak branch, descending branch, juxtaposition branch and intensive branch are cut off after fruit picking, is formed ventilated High yield tree crown;
3)Winter ploughs deeply and removes weeds:Annual November removes weeds comprehensively, then ploughs deeply Exocarpium Citri Rubrum planting site, then with 20,000 grams/acre Pulverized limestone to Exocarpium Citri Rubrum planting site sterilize;
4)Controlling the treetops and hastening blossom, flower and fruit thinning:Annual November manually plucks the tip, carries out flower thinning when Exocarpium Citri Rubrum bud is full within annual 2 months, dredges First select and be evenly distributed during flower, after needing enough sturdy buds for being born fruit, excessive bud is extractd, enters pedestrian after the completion of flower thinning Work is pollinated, and fruit thinning is carried out at the end of physiological fallen fruit annual April, and weak fruit, overlord fruit and malformed fruit are extractd;
(7)The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:With the oxygen chlorine that 800 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl, 1000 times of liquid of isocarbophos and mass fraction are 30% Change 600 times of liquid of copper alternately to spray, spray once within every 20 days;
(8)Timely collecting:When annual 2 month Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tree blooms, film is spread under tree crown collect physiology fallen flowers and dry and be made Exocarpium Citri Rubrum jasmine tea;Less than unclog and readjust 150 grams young fruits and physiological fallen fruit collection are processed into Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tire between annual March;Annual April will 150 grams of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum harvesting, is made tomentose pummelo fruit;Annual June plucks the green mature fruit more than 230 grams, and Exocarpium Citri Rubrum skin is made.
Embodiment 2
A kind of implantation methods of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum, comprise the following steps:
(1)Selection of land site preparation:Selection physical features is flat, and the soil is porous, fertile soil, and the gradient is on 18 degree of hillside fields, removal hillside fields surface Debris, plot is flattened, while with 40,000 grams/acre of pulverized limestone to soil disinfection;
(2)Layer is bred:Selection stable yields high yield, the Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tree to grow fine, after Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tree blooms, select life in 2 years and footpath Thick 2.5cm branch, 4cm epidermis is up peelled off at 7cm in branch bottom, in the opening position of branch de-epithelization with wrapping up in mud The stack of rice straw of slurry is bundled into mud drum, branch is taken root naturally, is watered once to mud drum within every 7 days, after 5 months, by branch from Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tree On cut down, produce Exocarpium Citri Rubrum seedling, the mud is by weight by 60 parts of clay, 30 parts of bone meal, 6 parts of rice vinegar, root-growing agent 60 parts of 0.8 part, water compositions;
(3)Dig kind of a plant hole:In step(1)In hillside fields dig length be 0.7m, width 0.7m, highly the kind plant hole for 0.8m, Decomposed fowl and animal excrement is added in kind of plant hole as base manure, the addition of each decomposed fowl and animal excrement for planting plant hole is 22KG, Calcium superphosphate 0.9KG is added in kind plant hole, then the soil dug out in kind of plant hole is inserted in kind of plant hole;
(4)Plantation:In step(3)In kind plant hole in plant Exocarpium Citri Rubrum seedling, the plantation amount of every mu of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum seedling is 35 plants;
(5)Childhood tree manages:
1)Fertilising:The childhood tree young sprout terminal bud of plantation First Year applies tip-promoting fertilizer when sprouting, every plant of childhood tree applies tip-promoting fertilizer 0.7kg, young sprout apply the strong tip fertilizer when turning green, every plant of childhood tree applies strong tip fertilizer 0.8kg, plants Second Year to the childhood tree of the 3rd year Shallow ridges fertilising is opened, once, every plant of childhood tree applies fertilizer 15kg to every 25 days artificially applying fertilizers, applies earthing after fertilizer, the rush tip Fertile and strong tip fertilizer is based on nitrogenous fertilizer, and the fertilizer is made up of 6 parts of urea, 3 parts of potassium chloride, 90 parts of biogas slurry by weight, to children Year tree, which opens, to be bundled the trunk 3 of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum childhood tree after shallow ridges fertilising with iron wire and encloses, and iron wire is embedded in Exocarpium Citri Rubrum childhood tree bark during binding 0.05 ㎜, the diameter of the iron wire is 6 ㎜, and the tip-promoting fertilizer is by weight by 60 parts of urea, 8 parts of calcium superphosphate, decomposed chicken 40 parts of excrement, 0.07 part of sodium humate composition, the strong tip fertilizer is by weight by 60 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, 3 parts of calcium superphosphate, decomposed 0.03 part of 50 parts of chicken manure, sodium humate composition;
2)Tillage and weeding:Tillage and weeding 4 times every year;
3)Culture high yield tree crown:After the field planting of childhood tree, select and remain 4 buds that grown on top is healthy and strong, is evenly distributed and make major branch, it is unnecessary Remove, pinching when major branch grows 25cm, promote first time branch, during the long 3cm of bud, then select and remain 3 healthy and strong branches being evenly distributed, Pinching again when branch grows 40cm, the like, the high yield tree crown for just forming well-regulated multiple fractionation in 3 years;
(6)The management of bearing-age tree:
1)Fertilising:Lower strong fertilizers for potted flowers is applied before Great Cold, thanks and lower fruit-promoting fertilizer is applied after spending, applies fruit picking fertilizer, the strong flower after fruit picking immediately Fertilizer is based on organic fertilizer, and the fruit-promoting fertilizer is based on potash fertilizer, and the fruit picking fertilizer is based on nitrogenous fertilizer;
2)Trimming:Sick branch, deadwood, weak branch, descending branch, juxtaposition branch and intensive branch are cut off after fruit picking, is formed ventilated High yield tree crown;
3)Winter ploughs deeply and removes weeds:Annual December removes weeds comprehensively, then ploughs deeply Exocarpium Citri Rubrum planting site, then with 25,000 grams/acre Pulverized limestone to Exocarpium Citri Rubrum planting site sterilize;
4)Controlling the treetops and hastening blossom, flower and fruit thinning:Annual November manually plucks the tip, carries out flower thinning when Exocarpium Citri Rubrum bud is full annual March, dredges First select and be evenly distributed during flower, after needing enough sturdy buds for being born fruit, excessive bud is extractd, enters pedestrian after the completion of flower thinning Work is pollinated, and fruit thinning is carried out at the end of physiological fallen fruit annual April, and weak fruit, overlord fruit and malformed fruit are extractd;
(7)The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:With the oxygen chlorine that 800 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl, 1000 times of liquid of isocarbophos and mass fraction are 30% Change 600 times of liquid of copper alternately to spray, spray once within every 25 days;
(8)Timely collecting:When annual March, Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tree bloomed, film collection physiology fallen flowers are spread under tree crown dry and be made Exocarpium Citri Rubrum jasmine tea;Less than unclog and readjust 150 grams young fruits and physiological fallen fruit collection are processed into Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tire between annual April;Annual May will 230 grams of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum harvesting, is made tomentose pummelo fruit;Annual July plucks the green mature fruit more than 230 grams, and Exocarpium Citri Rubrum skin is made.
Embodiment 3
A kind of implantation methods of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum, comprise the following steps:
(1)Selection of land site preparation:Selection physical features is flat, and the soil is porous, fertile soil, and the gradient is on 16 degree of hillside fields, removal hillside fields surface Debris, plot is flattened, while with 35,000 grams/acre of pulverized limestone to soil disinfection;
(2)Layer is bred:Selection stable yields high yield, the Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tree that grows fine, after Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tree blooms, selection life in 1.5 years and The thick 2.2cm in footpath branch, 3.5cm epidermis is up peelled off at 6cm in branch bottom, in the opening position of branch de-epithelization with wrapping up in The stack of rice straw for mud is bundled into mud drum, branch is taken root naturally, every 6 days to mud drum water once, after 4.5 months, by branch from Cut down on Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tree, produce Exocarpium Citri Rubrum seedling, the mud by weight by 45 parts of clay, 25 parts of bone meal, 5 parts of rice vinegar, 55 parts of 0.6 part of root-growing agent, water compositions;
(3)Dig kind of a plant hole:In step(1)In hillside fields dig length be 0.65m, width 0.65m, the highly plantation for 0.75m Cave, decomposed fowl and animal excrement being added in kind of plant hole as base manure, the addition of each decomposed fowl and animal excrement for planting plant hole is 20KG, Calcium superphosphate 0.8KG is added in kind of plant hole, then the soil dug out in kind of plant hole is inserted in kind of plant hole;
(4)Plantation:In step(3)In kind plant hole in plant Exocarpium Citri Rubrum seedling, the plantation amount of every mu of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum seedling is 32 plants;
(5)Childhood tree manages:
1)Fertilising:The childhood tree young sprout terminal bud of plantation First Year applies tip-promoting fertilizer when sprouting, every plant of childhood tree applies tip-promoting fertilizer 0.6kg, young sprout apply the strong tip fertilizer when turning green, every plant of childhood tree applies strong tip fertilizer 0.7kg, plants Second Year to the childhood tree of the 3rd year Shallow ridges fertilising is opened, once, every plant of childhood tree applies fertilizer 12kg to every 22 days artificially applying fertilizers, applies earthing after fertilizer, the rush tip Based on nitrogenous fertilizer, the fertilizer is made up of fertile and strong tip fertilizer 5 parts of urea, 2.5 parts of potassium chloride, 80 parts of biogas slurry by weight, right Childhood tree, which opens, to be bundled the trunk 2 of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum childhood tree after shallow ridges fertilising with iron wire and encloses, and iron wire is embedded in Exocarpium Citri Rubrum childhood tree bark during binding 0.04 ㎜, the diameter of the iron wire is 5 ㎜, and the tip-promoting fertilizer is by weight by 45 parts of urea, 6 parts of calcium superphosphate, decomposed chicken 0.06 part of 35 parts of excrement, sodium humate composition, the strong tip fertilizer is by weight by 45 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, 2.5 parts of calcium superphosphate, corruption 0.025 part of ripe 45 parts of chicken manure, sodium humate composition;
2)Tillage and weeding:Tillage and weeding 4 times every year;
3)Culture high yield tree crown:After the field planting of childhood tree, select and remain 4 buds that grown on top is healthy and strong, is evenly distributed and make major branch, it is unnecessary Remove, pinching when major branch grows 22cm, promote first time branch, during the long 2.5cm of bud, then select and remain 3 stalwartnesses being evenly distributed point Branch, pinching again when branch grows 35cm, the like, the high yield tree crown for just forming well-regulated multiple fractionation in 3 years;
(6)The management of bearing-age tree:
1)Fertilising:Lower strong fertilizers for potted flowers is applied before Great Cold, thanks and lower fruit-promoting fertilizer is applied after spending, applies fruit picking fertilizer, the strong flower after fruit picking immediately Fertilizer is based on organic fertilizer, and the fruit-promoting fertilizer is based on potash fertilizer, and the fruit picking fertilizer is based on nitrogenous fertilizer;
2)Trimming:Sick branch, deadwood, weak branch, descending branch, juxtaposition branch and intensive branch are cut off after fruit picking, is formed ventilated High yield tree crown;
3)Winter ploughs deeply and removes weeds:Annual December removes weeds comprehensively, then ploughs deeply Exocarpium Citri Rubrum planting site, then with 22,000 grams/acre Pulverized limestone to Exocarpium Citri Rubrum planting site sterilize;
4)Controlling the treetops and hastening blossom, flower and fruit thinning:Annual November manually plucks the tip, carries out flower thinning when Exocarpium Citri Rubrum bud is full annual March, dredges First select and be evenly distributed during flower, after needing enough sturdy buds for being born fruit, excessive bud is extractd, enters pedestrian after the completion of flower thinning Work is pollinated, and fruit thinning is carried out at the end of physiological fallen fruit annual April, and weak fruit, overlord fruit and malformed fruit are extractd;
(7)The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:With the oxygen chlorine that 800 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl, 1000 times of liquid of isocarbophos and mass fraction are 30% Change 600 times of liquid of copper alternately to spray, spray once within every 22 days;
(8)Timely collecting:When annual March, Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tree bloomed, film collection physiology fallen flowers are spread under tree crown dry and be made Exocarpium Citri Rubrum jasmine tea;Less than unclog and readjust 150 grams young fruits and physiological fallen fruit collection are processed into Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tire between annual April;Annual May will 230 grams of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum harvesting, is made tomentose pummelo fruit;Annual July plucks the green mature fruit more than 230 grams, and Exocarpium Citri Rubrum skin is made.
Comparative example 1
Compared with Example 3, the step of implantation methods of 1 a kind of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum of comparative example(2)The mud used in layer breeding does not have Add rice vinegar, remaining plantation Exocarpium Citri Rubrum the step of it is same as Example 3.
Comparative example 2
Compared with Example 3, the step of implantation methods of 2 a kind of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum of comparative example(5)The tip-promoting fertilizer of middle application is common nitrogen Fertilizer, remaining plantation Exocarpium Citri Rubrum the step of it is same as Example 3.
Comparative example 3
Compared with Example 3, the step of implantation methods of 3 a kind of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum of comparative example(5)The strong tip fertilizer of middle application is common nitrogen Fertilizer, remaining plantation Exocarpium Citri Rubrum the step of it is same as Example 3.
Table 1 below provides the statistical result of the upgrowth situation for the Exocarpium Citri Rubrum planted in embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-3.
Table 1
Sequence number Keep the excellent Exocarpium Citri Rubrum plant accounting/% of maternal instinct Average/m of every plant of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum bearing-age tree height of tree Average/m of every plant of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum bearing-age tree diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground value Average/KG of every plant of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum bearing-age tree yield
Embodiment 1 100.00 1.72 4.21 65.7
Embodiment 2 100.00 1.74 4.25 66.5
Embodiment 3 100.00 1.71 4.32 67.8
Comparative example 1 96.67 1.72 4.24 62.3
Comparative example 2 100.00 1.86 4.01 60.4
Comparative example 2 100.00 1.81 3.82 61.0
It is a kind of from the statistical result for the upgrowth situation of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum planted in above-described embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-3, the present invention The implantation methods of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum, rice vinegar is added in mud can reduce the possibility that branch is denatured, and protect the Exocarpium Citri Rubrum seedling that cultivation obtains Hold the premium properties of maternal plant;The tip-promoting fertilizer that the management of childhood tree applies can promote branch cross growth;The strong tip fertilizer applied can make Shoot growth obtains more sturdy, the percentage of fertile fruit of raising Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tree.
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments, On the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Cause This, these modifications or improvements, belong to the scope of protection of present invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of implantation methods of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1)Selection of land site preparation:Selection physical features is flat, and the soil is porous, fertile soil, and the gradient is in 15~18 degree of hillside fields, removal hillside fields The debris on surface, plot is flattened, while with 30,000 grams/acre~40,000 grams/acre of pulverized limestone to soil disinfection;
(2)Layer is bred:Selection stable yields high yield, the Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tree that grows fine, after Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tree blooms, selection life in 1~2 year and Thick 2.0cm~the 2.5cm in footpath branch, 3cm~4cm epidermis is up peelled off in branch bottom, is peelled off in branch at 5cm~7cm The opening position of epidermis is bundled into mud drum with the stack of rice straw for wrapping up in mud, branch is taken root naturally, every 5 days~7 days to mud drum watering one It is secondary, after 4~5 months, branch is cut down from Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tree, produces Exocarpium Citri Rubrum seedling;
(3)Dig kind of a plant hole:In step(1)In hillside fields dig length be 0.6m~0.7m, width be 0.6m~0.7m, be highly 0.7m~0.8m kind plant hole, decomposed fowl and animal excrement is added in kind of plant hole as base manure, each decomposed manure of livestock and poultry for planting plant hole Just addition is 18KG~22KG, calcium superphosphate 0.7KG~0.9KG is added in kind of plant hole, then will be dug out in kind of plant hole Soil is inserted in kind of plant hole;
(4)Plantation:In step(3)In kind plant hole in plant Exocarpium Citri Rubrum seedling, the plantation amount of every mu of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum seedling is 30 plants~35 Strain;
(5)Childhood tree manages:
1)Fertilising:The childhood tree young sprout terminal bud of plantation First Year applies tip-promoting fertilizer when sprouting, every plant of childhood tree applies tip-promoting fertilizer 0.5kg ~0.7kg, young sprout apply the strong tip fertilizer when turning green, every plant of childhood tree applies strong tip fertilizer 0.6kg~0.8kg, plantation Second Year to the 3rd The childhood tree in year opens shallow ridges fertilising, and once, every plant of childhood tree applies fertilizer 10kg~15kg to every 20~25 days artificially applying fertilizers, applies Earthing after fertilizer, the tip-promoting fertilizer and strong tip fertilizer are based on nitrogenous fertilizer, and the fertilizer is by weight by 4~6 parts of urea, potassium chloride 70~90 parts of 2~3 parts, biogas slurry compositions;
2)Tillage and weeding:Tillage and weeding 3 times~4 times every year;
3)Culture high yield tree crown:After the field planting of childhood tree, select and remain 3~4 buds that grown on top is healthy and strong, is evenly distributed and make major branch, it is more Remaining removing, pinching when major branch grows 20cm~25cm promote first time branch, during the long 2cm~3cm of bud, then select and remain 2~3 The healthy and strong branch being evenly distributed, pinching again when branch grows 30cm~40cm, the like, just formed within 2~3 years well-regulated The high yield tree crown of multiple fractionation;
(6)The management of bearing-age tree:
1)Fertilising:Lower strong fertilizers for potted flowers is applied before Great Cold, thanks and lower fruit-promoting fertilizer is applied after spending, applies fruit picking fertilizer, the strong flower after fruit picking immediately Fertilizer is based on organic fertilizer, and the fruit-promoting fertilizer is based on potash fertilizer, and the fruit picking fertilizer is based on nitrogenous fertilizer;
2)Trimming:Sick branch, deadwood, weak branch, descending branch, juxtaposition branch and intensive branch are cut off after fruit picking, is formed ventilated High yield tree crown;
3)Winter ploughs deeply and removes weeds:Annual 11~December removes weeds comprehensively, then ploughs deeply Exocarpium Citri Rubrum planting site, then with 20,000 Gram/acre~25,000 grams/acre of pulverized limestone sterilizes to Exocarpium Citri Rubrum planting site;
4)Controlling the treetops and hastening blossom, flower and fruit thinning:Annual November manually plucks the tip, is dredged when Exocarpium Citri Rubrum bud is full annual 2~March Flower, first select during flower thinning and be evenly distributed, after needing enough sturdy buds for being born fruit, excessive bud is extractd, existed annual April Fruit thinning is carried out at the end of physiological fallen fruit, weak fruit, overlord fruit and malformed fruit are extractd;
(7)The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:With the oxygen chlorine that 800 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl, 1000 times of liquid of isocarbophos and mass fraction are 30% Change 600 times of liquid of copper alternately to spray, spray once within every 20 days~25 days;
(8)Timely collecting:When annual Exocarpium Citri Rubrum in 2~March tree blooms, it is drying that film collection physiology fallen flowers solarization is spread under tree crown Into Exocarpium Citri Rubrum jasmine tea;Less than unclog and readjust 150 grams young fruits and physiological fallen fruit collection are processed into Exocarpium Citri Rubrum tire between annual 3~April;Annual 4 ~May plucks 150~230 grams of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum, and tomentose pummelo fruit is made;Annual 6~July plucks the green mature fruit more than 230 grams, is made Exocarpium Citri Rubrum skin.
A kind of 2. implantation methods of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step(2)In mud press Parts by weight meter is by 50~60 parts of 40~60 parts of clay, 20~30 parts of bone meal, 4~6 parts of rice vinegar, 0.5~0.8 part of root-growing agent, water groups Into.
A kind of 3. implantation methods of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step(5)In to childhood tree Open and bundle the trunk 1~3 of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum childhood tree after shallow ridges fertilising with iron wire and enclose, iron wire is embedded in Exocarpium Citri Rubrum childhood tree bark 0.03 during binding The ㎜ of ㎜~0.05, the diameter of the iron wire are the ㎜ of 4 ㎜~6.
A kind of 4. implantation methods of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step(5)In tip-promoting fertilizer By weight by 40~60 parts of urea, 5~8 parts of calcium superphosphate, 30~40 parts of Chicken dung, 0.05~0.07 part of sodium humate Composition.
A kind of 5. implantation methods of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step(5)In the strong tip fertilizer By weight by 40~60 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, 2~3 parts of calcium superphosphate, 40~50 parts of Chicken dung, sodium humate 0.02~ 0.03 part of composition.
A kind of 6. implantation methods of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step(6)Middle flower thinning is completed After carry out artificial pollination.
CN201710884345.1A 2017-09-26 2017-09-26 A kind of implantation methods of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum Pending CN107494149A (en)

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CN111771592A (en) * 2020-07-14 2020-10-16 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 Method for improving fruit setting rate of exocarpium citri rubrum
CN112616603A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-04-09 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 Planting method for interplanting stylosanthes guianensis in orange orchard

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Application publication date: 20171222