CN107473725A - 一种嵌套基体的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种嵌套基体的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107473725A
CN107473725A CN201710695627.7A CN201710695627A CN107473725A CN 107473725 A CN107473725 A CN 107473725A CN 201710695627 A CN201710695627 A CN 201710695627A CN 107473725 A CN107473725 A CN 107473725A
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CN107473725B (zh
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任仕晶
廖杨
杨菲
牛奔奔
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SOUTHWEST INSTITUTE OF APPLIED MAGNETICS
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种嵌套基体的制备方法,属于微波技术领域,包括以下步骤:将第一层材料成型得到内层生坯;将内层生坯进行烧结,得到内层成品;将第二层材料成型得到第二层生坯;内层成品置于第二层生坯内部中心,使两者几何中心保持一致,然后进行烧结,得到不同材料组成的双层嵌套基体;还可以继续进行第三层、第N层嵌套烧结,得到多层嵌套基体;本发明嵌套基体可用于解决超宽带微波铁氧体器件所需带宽问题以及微波铁氧体器件的小型化问题等,避免了材料内部加工、粘胶等工艺,可以极大地提高嵌套基体的生产效率、产品一致性及温度稳定性,有利于微波器件的低成本、批量化生产,以及提升器件稳定性和可靠性。

Description

一种嵌套基体的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及微波技术领域,尤其涉及一种嵌套基体的制备方法。
背景技术
目前,基于单一微波铁氧体基片的器件设计无法进一步拓展微波器件的带宽,而采用不同材料复合的嵌套基体可以有效解决微波器件的带宽问题。但是,目前复合的嵌套基体一般是采用物理粘胶生产得到,这种方式存在以下问题:一是加工过程复杂,生产效率低,二是得到的嵌套基体一致性差、无法承受高温环境以及无法进行高温加工
另外,微波铁氧体器件的尺寸与材料的介电常数密切相关,材料介电常数越大,相应器件尺寸越小,采用铁氧体材料与高介电常数的介质陶瓷材料复合的嵌套基体,可以有效减小微波铁氧体器件的尺寸,解决器件小型化难题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决目前物理粘胶嵌套基体生产率低、一致性差、加工过程复杂、无法承受高温环境以及无法进行高温加工等问题,本发明提供了一种嵌套基体制备方法,以解决目前微波器件体积和质量较大,无法小型化和温度可靠性与一致性较差的问题。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是这样的:一种嵌套基体的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(A)将第一层材料成型得到内层生坯;
(B)将步骤(A)得到的内层生坯进行烧结,得到内层成品;
(C)将第二层材料成型得到第二层生坯;
(D)将经步骤(B)所得的内层成品置于步骤(C)得到的第二层生坯内部中心,使两者几何中心保持一致,然后进行烧结,得到不同材料组成的双层嵌套基体。
作为优选的技术方案,重复上述步骤(C)和(D),继续增加嵌套基体层数,得到多层嵌套基体。
作为优选的技术方案,步骤(A)中,所述第一层材料为介质陶瓷粉料或铁氧体磁性粉料。
作为进一步优选的技术方案,将所述介质陶瓷粉料与铁氧体磁性粉料分别进行成型,成型压力为10~250MPa,成型形状为圆形、多边形或其他不规则形状,分别得到介质陶瓷生坯和铁氧体磁性生坯。
作为更进一步优选的技术方案,步骤(B)中通过精准控制所述内层生坯的烧结收缩率及收缩过程直接得到嵌套基体内层所需形状及尺寸,或者在所述内层生坯烧结完成后对所述内层生坯进行后续加工至所需形状及尺寸
作为更进一步优选的技术方案,步骤(B)中,介质陶瓷生坯和铁氧体磁性生坯的烧结温度为800℃~1500℃。
作为优选的技术方案,步骤(C)中,第二层材料为介质陶瓷粉料或铁氧体磁性粉料。
作为优选的技术方案,步骤(D)中,在所述内层成品外部均匀涂覆或不涂覆高温无机胶或助熔剂。
作为优选的技术方案,步骤(D)中,烧结时,按照第二层材料烧结工艺对整体进行烧结,通过精准控制第二层材料的烧结收缩率及收缩历程,使第二层材料收缩后的内部尺寸与内层成品的尺寸精确匹配;同时第二层材料的外部形状及尺寸直接符合嵌套基体外部形状及尺寸要求或经过后续加工得到嵌套基体所需外部形状及尺寸;通过控制第二层材料收缩后产生的物理收缩应力将内层成品紧密嵌套于第二层材料之中
作为进一步优选的技术方案,步骤(D)中,烧结时烧结温度为700℃~1400℃。
本发明通过物理应力结合方式,将几种不同的材料紧密结合在一起形成嵌套基体。
本发明可以是铁氧体与铁氧体、铁氧体与陶瓷或陶瓷与陶瓷等不同材料组成的两层或多层嵌套基体,该嵌套基体形状可为圆形、多边形或其他不规则形状的磁性铁氧体层或介质陶瓷层构成;所述介质陶瓷层及铁氧体磁性层均可为嵌套基体内层或外层。
本发明的“内层”是指“第一层”,“外层”是指除第一层外的第二层、第三层、第N层。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点在于:本发明所得的嵌套基体可用于解决超宽带微波铁氧体器件所需带宽问题以及微波铁氧体器件的小型化问题等,相比于现有的物理粘胶嵌套基体,本发明避免了材料内部加工、粘胶等工艺,其生产效率提高50%,生产成本降低10%,并且可以进行高温加工及耐受高温环境(可以从目前的200℃提高至1000℃),极大地提高嵌套基体的生产效率、产品一致性及温度稳定性,有利于微波器件的低成本 、批量化生产,以及提升器件稳定性和可靠性。
附图说明
图1是本发明嵌套基体制备方法工艺流程图;
图2是本发明嵌套基体典型结构示意图;
图3是本发明嵌套基体的最终平面结构图;
图2中,1、第三层;2、第二层;3、内层,1、2、3均可为介质层或铁氧体层。
具体实施方式
下面将结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1:
一种嵌套基体的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(A)铁氧体磁性层、介质层等嵌套层分别成型得到内层生坯,成型压力为10~250MPa,成型形状为圆形、多边形或其他不规则形状,分别得到介质陶瓷生坯与铁氧体生坯;
(B)内层按照其最佳烧结工艺先进行烧结,烧结温度为800℃~1500℃。通过精准控制其烧结收缩率及收缩过程,使得烧结后的内层材料的外形尺寸可以直接符合嵌套基体所需的内层形状及尺寸,或是将烧结后的内层材料通过后续加工至嵌套基体所需内层形状及尺寸;
(C)将第二层材料成型得到第二层生坯;
(D)将经步骤(B)所得的内层成品外部均匀涂覆或不涂覆高温无机胶或助熔剂,然后将其置于步骤(C)得到的第二层生坯内部中心,使两者几何中心保持一致,然后按照第二层材料烧结工艺对整体进行烧结,烧结温度为700℃~1400℃,在烧结过程中,通过精准控制外层材料的烧结收缩率及收缩历程,使外层材料收缩后的内部尺寸与内层材料外部尺寸精确匹配;同时外层材料的外部形状及尺寸直接符合嵌套基体外部形状及尺寸要求或经过后续加工得到嵌套基体所需外部形状及尺寸;通过控制外层材料收缩后产生的物理收缩应力将内层材料紧密嵌套于外层材料之中,得到不同材料组成的嵌套基体,重复上述过程,则可继续增加嵌套基体层数,得到多层嵌套基体。
图2为嵌套基体的一种典型平面结构,其中1、2、3层均可为介质层或铁氧体层,在介质层一般形成传输、匹配、滤波、开关、放大及驱动等功能,铁氧体磁性材料层形成微波传输非互易功能,如微波传输环形、移相功能,为了保障铁氧体磁性层与介质陶瓷层结合紧密,嵌套基体无开裂、翘曲、脱落现象,需要精确控制外层材料的烧结收缩率与收缩应力,使其烧结后的内部形状及尺寸与内层材料外形尺寸精确匹配,并符合嵌套基体对材料形状及尺寸的要求,并且在烧结收缩过程中通过外层材料的物理收缩应力能将内层材料包裹夹紧,形成一体化的嵌套基体。
在嵌套基体的组成中,铁氧体磁性层材料一般为石榴石、尖晶石这两类常用的铁氧体材料。微波铁氧体材料的烧结温度一般在800~1500℃,介质陶瓷层材料烧结温度在700~1400℃,要实现不同结构的内层材料和外层材料的良好匹配嵌套且性能良好,需要精确计算外层材料和内层材料的烧结收缩率及烧结后尺寸,然后通过严格控制内层及外层材料的烧结收缩率,从而对材料烧结后的形状及尺寸进行控制。先将内层材料按照其最佳烧结工艺进行烧结,内层材料经过烧结后可以直接得到嵌套基体内层所需的形状及尺寸,或者对其进行后续加工得到嵌套基体内层要求的形状及尺寸,然后将内层材料外部均匀涂覆或不涂覆高温无机胶或助熔剂,并将其置于外层介质陶瓷层或铁氧体磁性层生坯中心,尽量使两者几何中心保持一致,然后按照外层材料烧结工艺对整体进行烧结,在烧结过程中,通过控制外层材料的烧结收缩率及收缩历程,精准控制外层材料烧结后的尺寸以及收缩应力,使外层材料内部形状及尺寸与内层材料外部形状及尺寸实现精确匹配,并使烧结后外层材料的外部形状及尺寸符合嵌套基体外部形状及尺寸要求,或是经过加工后使其符合相应要求,得到嵌套基体,重复上述过程,则可继续增加嵌套基体层数,得到多层嵌套基体。
实施例2:
一种嵌套基体的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(A)铁氧体磁性层,成型压力为100MPa,分别得到圆棒状铁氧体生坯;
(B)内层铁氧体磁性层按照其最佳烧结工艺先进行烧结,烧结温度为1400℃。将烧结后的内层材料通过后续加工至嵌套基体所需内层形状及尺寸:直径15.5mm,高度20mm;
(C)将第二层介质材料成型得到第二层生坯,成型压力为200MPa,得到中心为圆孔的八边形介质陶瓷生坯。
(D)将经步骤(B)所得的内层成品置于步骤(C)得到的第二层生坯内部中心,使两者几何中心保持一致,然后按照第二层材料烧结工艺对整体进行烧结,烧结温度为1300℃,在烧结过程中,通过精准控制外层材料的烧结收缩率及收缩历程,控制其烧结收缩率为17.5%,使外层材料收缩后的内部尺寸为:直径15.5mm,高度20mm,与内层材料外部尺寸精确匹配;同时外层材料的外部形状及尺寸直接符合嵌套基体外部形状及尺寸要求;通过控制外层材料收缩后产生的物理收缩应力将内层材料紧密嵌套于外层材料之中,得到嵌套基体。
图3为该嵌套基体的最终平面结构。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种嵌套基体的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(A)将第一层材料成型得到内层生坯;
(B)将步骤(A)得到的内层生坯进行烧结,得到内层成品;
(C)将第二层材料成型得到第二层生坯;
(D)将经步骤(B)所得的内层成品置于步骤(C)得到的第二层生坯内部中心,使两者几何中心保持一致,然后进行烧结,得到不同材料组成的双层嵌套基体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种嵌套基体的制备方法,其特征在于,重复上述步骤(C)和(D),继续增加嵌套基体层数,得到多层嵌套基体。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种嵌套基体的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(A)中,所述第一层材料为介质粉料或铁氧体磁性粉料。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种嵌套基体的制备方法,其特征在于,将所述介质陶瓷粉料与铁氧体磁性粉料分别进行成型,成型压力为10~250MPa,成型形状为圆形、多边形或其他不规则形状,分别得到介质陶瓷生坯和铁氧体磁性生坯。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种嵌套基体的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(B)中通过精准控制所述内层生坯的烧结收缩率及收缩过程直接得到嵌套基体内层所需形状及尺寸,或者在所述内层生坯烧结完成后对所述内层生坯进行后续加工至所需形状及尺寸。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种嵌套基体的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(B)中,介质陶瓷生坯和铁氧体磁性生坯的烧结温度为800℃~1500℃。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种嵌套基体的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(C)中,第二层材料为介质陶瓷粉料或铁氧体磁性粉料。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种嵌套基体的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(D)中,在所述内层成品外部均匀涂覆或不涂覆高温无机胶或助熔剂。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种嵌套基体的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(D)中,烧结时,按照第二层材料烧结工艺对整体进行烧结,通过精准控制第二层材料的烧结收缩率及收缩历程,使第二层材料收缩后的内部尺寸与内层成品的尺寸精确匹配;同时第二层材料的外部形状及尺寸直接符合嵌套基体外部形状及尺寸要求或经过后续加工得到嵌套基体所需外部形状及尺寸;通过控制第二层材料收缩后产生的物理收缩应力将内层成品紧密嵌套于第二层材料之中。
10.根据权利要求8所述的一种嵌套基体的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(D)中,烧结时烧结温度为700℃~1400℃。
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